Ebook Kirchhoff Inggris

BIOGRAPH GUSTAV ROBERT KIRCHHOFF
KIRCHHOFF'S LAW DISCOVERER

Arranged By :
Alifa Nurrahman
Fisabiel Kaisar Akbar
Hilmi Revanza
Mochammad Fadly
Raihan Rangga
XII BROADCAST 2

FOREWORD
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
FOREWORD......................................................................................................................................... ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................................................... iii
BIOGRAPH GUSTAV ROBERT KIRCHHOFF.............................................................................. 1
LIFE AND WORK ............................................................................................................................... 2
KIRCHHOFF'S LAW IN SPECTROSCOPY ................................................................................... 3
REFERENCES...................................................................................................................................... 4
SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................................... 5

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1

BIOGRAPH GUSTAV ROBERT KIRCHHOFF

Gustav Robert Kirchhoff was a German physicist born on March 12, 1824, in Konigsberg,
the son of Friedrich Kirchhoff who was a lawyer, and Johanna Henriette Wittke. Gustav Robert
Kirchoff died at the age of 63, on October 17, 1887.

He contributed to understanding the basic concepts of electric circuit theory, spectroscopy,
and the emission of black body radiation produced by heated objects. He coined the term "black
body" radiation in 1862. There are 3 different physical concepts that were later named after
him, "Kirchhoff's Laws", in electric circuit theory, thermodynamics, and spectroscopy
respectively.

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LIFE AND WORK

Gustav Robert Kirchhoff graduated from Albertus University in the city of Konigsbert in
1847 and he married a woman named Clara Richelot, the daughter of his mathematics
professor, Friedrich Richelot. In the same year, they moved to Berlin, where he received his
professorship at Breslau.

While still a student in 1845, Kirchhoff formulated the circuit law which is now used in
electrical engineering. Then, in 1859 he proposed the law of thermal radiation, and was
successfully proven by it in 1861. In Breslau, he collaborated in spectroscopic studies with
Robert Bunsen who was the co-discoverer of cesium and rubidium in 1861 while studying the
chemical composition of the sun via its spectrum.

In 1862, he was awarded the Rumford Medal for his research on the lines of the solar
spectrum, and the reversal of bright lines in the moon's light spectrum. Kirchhoff played a
major role in the field of spectroscopy by formulating 3 laws that describe the composition of
the optical spectrum of incandescent objects, based on the discoveries of David Alter and
Anders Jonas Angstorm.

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KIRCHHOFF'S LAW IN SPECTROSCOPY

1. When a high-pressure liquid or gas is incandescent, it will produce light with a
continuous spectrum

2. When a low-pressure gas object is incandescent, it will produce light with an emission
spectrum, in the form of bright lines at discrete wavelengths (in certain colors)
depending on the energy levels of the atoms contained in the gas.

3. When a continuous spectrum is passed through a low-pressure cold gas object, it will
produce light with an absorption spectrum, in the form of dark lines at discrete
wavelengths depending on the energy levels of the atoms contained in the cold gas.

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REFERENCES

https://portal.dnb.de/opac.htm?method=simpleSearch&cqlMode=true&query=nid%3D11872
3146
https://genealogy.math.ndsu.nodak.edu/id.php?id=46968
https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w63n264b#biography
https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustav_Robert_Kirchhoff

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SUMMARY

Gustav Robert Kirchhoff was a German physicist who was born on March 12, 1824, in
Konigsberg. He contributed to understanding the basic concepts of electric circuit theory,
spectroscopy, and the emission of black body radiation produced by heated objects. He coined
the term "Black body" radiation in 1862.

Gustav Robert Kirchhoff graduated from Albertus University in the city of Konigsbert in
1847. In 1862, he was awarded the Rumford Medal for his research on the lines of the solar
spectrum, and the reversal of bright lines in the moon's light spectrum. Kirchhoff played a
major role in the field of spectroscopy by formulating 3 laws that describe the composition of
the optical spectrum of incandescent objects, based on the discoveries of David Alter and
Anders Jonas Angstorm.