F5 2023 Chemistry PBL 2 Ice Cream Making with Food Additives Name: Chow Qian Yen Class: 5S8 Teacher Name: Puan Chan Yoke Bee
1.0 Introduction to Food Additives and Their Importance in Ice Cream Making What are food additives? - Food additives are natural or synthetic substances that added to the food during manufacturing or processing to prevent damage or to improve the appearance, texture and taste. What are the importances of food additives in ice cream making? Increase the shelf life of the ice cream. Increase the quality and presentation of the ice cream (appearance, colours, texture and taste). Make the ice cream tastier. Providing more flavour choices for consumers. There are a lot of food additives can be used in ice cream making process. Here are some examples: 1. Stabiliser Examples of stabiliser: acacia gum (agar) and gelatin Stabiliser is used to make ice cream less fluid and more cohesive. When stabiliser is added in ice cream making, it can: - Reduce ice crystals - Reduce air bubble size - Give ice cream a creamy mouth feel - Make ice cream melt slower 2. Emulsifier Examples of emulsifier: lecithin, monoglycerides and diglycerides Emulsifier is a substance that make the emulsion stable due to their ability to reduce surface tension. It acts as a binding agent between fat and water so that the molecule will bind both together. When emulsifier is added in ice cream making, it can: - Create a smooth texture for ice cream - Produce a better shape retension for ice cream 3. Sweetener Examples of sweetener: sugar and corn syrup When sweetener is added in ice cream making, it can: - Give ice cream a sweet taste
4. Flavouring Examples of flavouring: vanilla extract and cocoa powder When flavouring is added in ice cream making, it can: - Provide ice cream a unique and specific taste - Improve and maintain the taste and smell of ice cream 5. Colouring Examples of colouring: Caramel, chocolate and artificial colourings When colouring is added in ice cream making, it can: - Enhance the appearance of ice cream - Make ice cream look attractive and delicious - Increase appetite of consumers 2.0 Description of the Experiment Conducted-Ice Cream Making Process Materials: 500ml of heavy whipping cream and 300g of Oreo crushed cookies Apparatus: A large bowl, an electric mixer, a spatula and a freezer-safe container Food additives: 400g of sweetened condensed milk (sweetener) and 1 teaspoon of vanilla extract (flavouring) Procedure: 1. 500ml of heavy whipping cream was poured into a large bowl and whipped using an electric mixer. The heavy whipping cream was whipped until stiff peaks. 2. 400g of sweetened condensed milk was added into the whipped cream. 3. The mixture was stirred at low speed using electric mixer until fully incorporated. 4. 300g of Oreo crushed cookies were added into the mixture. 1 teaspoon of vanilla extract was also added. 5. The mixture was folded by using spatula until the crushed cookies and vanilla extract are spread throughout the mixture. 6. The ice cream mixture was transferred into a freezer-safe container. The container was put into the freezer and frozen for 6 hours. 7. After freezing for 6 hours, the ice cream was ready to be enjoyed.
3.0 Results Obtained from the Experiment a) After 6 hours, the ice cream are frozen and could be eaten. b) The flavour of ice cream comply with the flavour that established in the procedure, which is vanilla flavour. c) The ice cream has a sweet taste that given by sweetened condensed milk (sweetener). 4.0 Discussion of the Significance of the Results Obtained and Their Relevance to Realworld Applications 1. Vanilla extract which acts as a flavouring in food is added to give the food a vanilla flavour. 2. Sweetened condensed milk which acts as a sweetener in food is added to give the food a sweet taste. 5.0 Demonstration of Ice Cream Making with Food Additives Video Link: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1uPAGlrcCxJDZCarLTm9wuE8t4sQ41/view?usp=sharing