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NCERT SOLUTIONS FOR CLASS 12 chapter 3-Electrochemistry 
CHEMISTRY
chapter 1-The Solid State 
Chemistry, in general, is the most important subject of class 12th science class. The
NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry is prepared by experts to assists students in chapter 2-Solutions 
their learning. The team at Physics Wallah comprises of experts having years of
experience. This NCERT solutions for class 12th chemistry can assist your overall chapter 4-Chemical Kinetics 
progress in the upcoming board examination. The team at Physics Wallah has
maintained the top class standard over the years. chapter 5-Surface Chemistry 

Since our team is already acquainted with the type of question papers in the final chapter 6-General Principles And
examination. The NCERT Solutions for class 12 chemistry is a precious text for
students. The versatility of our study material is not only restrained to board exams. Processes Of Isolation Of
Students can also refer this study material for various other competitive exams as
well. Elements 

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry chapter 7-The P Block Elements 
Chapters (Updated 2022-23)
chapter 8-The D And f Block 
Chapter 1 The Solid State Elements
Chapter 2 Solutions
Chapter 3 Electrochemistry chapter 9-Coordination 
Chapter 4 Chemical Kinetics Compounds
Chapter 5 Surface Chemistry
Chapter 6 General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements chapter 10-Haloalkanes And 
Chapter 7 The p-Block Elements Haloarenes
Chapter 8 The d & f Block Elements
Chapter 9 Coordination Compounds chapter 11-Alcohols, Phenols And
Chapter 10 Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
Chapter 11 Alcohols, Phenols, and Ethers Ethers 
Chapter 12 Aldehydes, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acids
Chapter 13 Amines chapter 12-Aldehydes, Ketones
Chapter 14 Biomolecules
Chapter 15 Polymers And Carboxylic Acids 
Chapter 16 Chemistry in Everyday Life
chapter 13-Amines 

chapter 14-Biomolecules 

chapter 15-Polymers 

chapter 16-Chemistry In Everyday
Life 

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry
Free PDF Download

Chapter- 1 The Solid State

This chapter explains the general characteristics of the solid state, the
classification of solids, the crystal lattice, unit cell imperfections, and solids. The
matter has three states – solid, liquid, and gas. Solids are then divided into –
amorphous and crystalline. Amorphous has no form, and Crystalline has a definite
shape. NCERT Solutions is a perfect guide to get a firm grasp on these concepts.
For further reinforcement of concepts, students can also access NCERT sample
solutions available on Physics Wallah.

Also Check- Important questions for class 12 chemistry Chapter 1 Solid state

Chapter- 2 Solutions

A solution is a mixture of the two or more components. This chapter helps the
students to understand the types of solutions, the concentration of solutions,
solubility of gases and solid in a liquid, ideal and non ideal solutions, the vapour
pressure of liquid solutions, Raoult’s Law. Various problems based on finding the
molarity, mass percentage and Henry’s Law constant, mole fraction, are also
present here. These concept are not only important for the Class 12 exams but also
are of higher importance in competitive exams like JEE Mains, JEE Advanced etc.

Also Check- Important questions for class 12 chemistry Chapter 2 Liquid Solution

Chapter- 3 Electrochemistry

An electrochemistry is a branch of chemistry that deals with the relationship
between electrical and chemical energy produced in redox reactions and their
conversion. The concepts covered in this chapter are –Redox reactions;
conductance in electrolytic solutions, Kohlrausch’s Law, molar and specific
conductivity variations of conductivity with concentration, electrolysis and laws of
electrolysis (elementary idea), Galvanic cells and dry cell – electrolytic cells; lead
accumulator, standard electrode potential, EMF of a cell, Nernst equation and their
application to chemical cells, fuel cells; corrosion.

Also Check- Important questions for class 12 chemistry Chapter 3 Electrochemistry

Chapter- 4 Chemical Kinetics

This chapter will provide a good understanding of the rate of a chemical reaction,
the Arrhenius equation, the rate dependence of a reaction, and the collision theory
of a chemical reaction. The chemical kinetics is the branch of chemistry that deals
with the rate of a chemical reaction, the factors that affect it, and the mechanism
of the reaction. We have three types according to the rate of reaction:
instantaneous, slow, and moderately slow reactions. The topics which are covered
in this chapter are- Rate of a reaction (average and instantaneous), temperature,
factors affecting rates of reaction, concentration catalyst; order and molecularity
of a reaction; rate law and specific rate constant, integrated rate equations, and
half-life (only for zero and first order reactions); concept of collision theory
(elementary idea, no mathematical treatment).

Also Check- Important questions for class 12 chemistry Chapter 4 Chemical Kinetics

Chapter- 5 Surface Chemistry

Surface chemistry deals with important properties such as catalysis, adsorption,
and colloids, which include gel and emulsion. After studying this chapter, students
will understand the interface phenomenon and its importance, adsorption and its
classification, the mechanism of adsorption, and the factors that control
adsorption. Further solving questions from the textbook and previous year's
questions will strengthen the preparation of CBSE students for the exams.

Also Check- Important questions for class 12 chemistry Chapter 5 Surface chemistry

Chapter- 6 General Principles and Processes
of Isolation of Elements

Metallurgy is a scientific and technological process of isolating metal from its ores.
Students will also discussed about the fundamental principles and developments in
this field, besides explaining the processes and reactions of metal extraction. The
Aluminum is the most abundant metal found on the earth’s crust which is 8.3% by
weight. So cleaning the ore, i.e., removal of particles like clay, sand, etc., is known as
the concentration or dressing of the ore.

Also Check- Important questions for class 12 chemistry Chapter 6 General principle
and process of isolation of elements

Chapter- 7 The p-Block Elements

The history of p-block elements has a history that takes us back to the 19th century.
A groups of elements 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, and 18 are known as p-block elements. They
exist in 3 physical states – metal, non-metal, and metalloids. For better
clarification of these concepts, students can refer to NCERT Solutions available at
Physics Wallah. A clear explanation of each concept will help students score well in
the final exam.

Also Check- Important questions for class 12 chemistry Chapter 7 P-Block elements

Chapter- 8 The d- and f-Block Elements

The elements lying between the s-block and p-block elements are known as d-
block or transition elements. The inner transition series is called f-block elements.
This chapter introduces concepts such as General introduction, electronic
configuration, occurrence and characteristics of transition metals, properties of the
first-row transition metals in general trends– metallic character, ionization
enthalpy, oxidation states, ionic radii, colour, catalytic property, magnetic
properties, interstitial compounds, alloy formation. Preparation and properties of
K2, Cr2 O7, and KMnO4.

Lanthanoids: electronic configuration, oxidation states, chemical reactivity, and
lanthanoid contraction. Actinoids: Electronic configuration, oxidation states.

Also Check- Important questions for class 12 chemistry Chapter 8 D and F block

Chapter- 9 Coordination Compounds

The coordination of compounds is a rigid portion of modern inorganic chemistry. In
this chapter, students will be able to learn about Werner’s Theory of Coordination
Compounds, Introduction, ligands, coordination number, color, magnetic
properties and shapes, IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination
compounds, bonding; isomerism, the importance of coordination compounds (in
qualitative analysis, extraction of metals and biological systems). They will also
discuss the bonding in meta carbonyls which are important for the board exams.
These concepts are important for CBSE and competitive exams, so more
importance should be given when scoring marks.

Also Check- Important questions for class 12 chemistry Chapter 9 Co-ordination
compounds

Chapter- 10 Haloalkanes and Haloarenes

A halogen derivative of hydrocarbons is known as haloalkanes. They are classified
based on the number of hydrogen atoms in them. An aromatic compound in which
the halogens are attached directly to the carbon atom of the aromatic ring is
known as haloarenes. In this chapter, students will also discuss t​ he preparation
methods, chemical and physical properties, and uses of organohalogen
compounds. The reactions that is involved in the preparation of haloalkanes and
haloarenes are clearly explained in this chapter to help students achieve good
exam results. These chapters cover Haloalkanes: Nomenclature, nature of C-X
bond, physical and chemical properties, and mechanism of substitution reactions.

Haloarenes: Substitution reactions, nature of C-X bond. Uses and environmental
effects of – dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane, iodoform,
freons, DDT.

Also Check- Important questions for class 12 chemistry Chapter 10 Haloalkanes

Chapter- 11 Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers

The classification of alcohols and phenols is based on the number of -OH groups
present. Compounds that have one -OH group are called monohydric alcohols and
phenols. Compounds with two, three, or more -OH groups are called dihydric,
trihydric, or polyhydric alcohols and phenols. Students will learn about the
reactions related to the process of producing alcohols from phenols, alcohols, and
ethers. It will also help students to become familiar with the physical properties of
alcohols, phenols, and ethers. Topics covered in these chapters are-Alcohols:

Nomenclature, physical and chemical properties (of primary alcohols only),
methods of preparation.
Secondary and tertiary alcohols, identification of primary.
The mechanism of dehydration uses some important compounds – methanol
and ethanol.

Phenols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties,
acidic nature of phenol, electrophilic substitution reactions, uses of phenols. Ethers:
Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses.

Also Check- Important questions for class 12 chemistry Chapter 11 Phenol and
ethers

Chapter- 12 Aldehydes, Ketones and
Carboxylic Acids

Aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids are most important in organic chemistry.
Aldehydes and ketones can be obtained by hydration of alkynes, ozonolysis of
alkenes and oxidation of alcohols. Carboxylic acids can be obtained by oxidation
of aldehydes or primary alcohols. This chapter is very important and fetches more
marks in the board exam. For this, students must learn all the concepts and revise
them regularly to get good scores. Topics covered in these chapters are- Aldehydes

and Ketones: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, nature of carbonyl group,
mechanism of nucleophilic addition and physical and chemical properties,
reactivity of alpha hydrogen in aldehydes; uses. Carboxylic Acids: Nomenclature,
acidic nature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties; uses.

Also Check- Important questions for class 12 chemistry Chapter 12 Aldehyde and
ketones

Chapter- 13 Amines

Ammonia derivatives are amines that are obtained by replacing hydrogen. From
this chapter, students will be able to understand the nomenclature, structure, and
properties of amines. Amines are important organic compounds that contain
nitrogen. Numerous examples of amine basicity determinations, reactions, and
amine synthesis are briefly explained in this chapter. Students will gain a good
grasp of these concepts by answering the end-of-chapter questions. These
chapters cover Amines: Nomenclature, classification, structure, methods of
Preparation, and physical and chemical properties that identify primary, secondary
and tertiary amines. Cyanides and Isocyanides will be mentioned at relevant places
in context. Diazonium salts: chemical reactions, Preparation, and importance in
synthetic organic chemistry.

Also Check- Important questions for class 12 chemistry Chapter 13 Amines

Chapter- 14 Biomolecules

Organic compounds present as basic components in various cells of a living
organism are called biomolecules. These include carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins,
enzymes, and nucleic acids. The interactions of biomolecules form the molecular
logic of life processes. Basic molecules such as vitamins and mineral salts play an
important role in the functioning of organisms. Topics covered in these chapters
are- Carbohydrates: Classification (aldoses and ketoses), monosaccharides
(glucose and fructose), oligosaccharides (lactose, sucrose, maltose),
polysaccharides (cellulose, starch, glycogen); importance. Proteins: Elementary idea
of α – amino acids, peptide bond, polypeptides, proteins, primary structure,
secondary structure, tertiary structure and quaternary structure (qualitative concept
only), denaturation of proteins; enzymes. Vitamins: Classification and functions.
Nucleic Acids: DNA and RNA.

Also Check- Important questions for class 12 chemistry Chapter 14 Biomolecules

Chapter- 15 Polymers

This chapter includes concepts like – monomer, polymer, and polymerization. Its
classification is based on source, structure, and polymerization. The types of
polymerization are – addition polymerization and condensation polymerization.
Important concepts of this chapter are clearly explained in the NCERT textbook.
Students who aspire to score well in the exams are advised to study this chapter
thoroughly and clearly understand these concepts.

Also Check- Important questions for class 12 chemistry Chapter 15 Polymers

Chapter- 16 Chemistry in Everyday Life

An area of ​human life is affected by chemistry. The principles of chemistry have
benefited people in many ways. The topics discussed in this chapter are – drugs
and their classification, drug target interactions, the therapeutic action of different
standards of drugs, and chemicals in food and detergents. Chemistry is a tough
subject and its requires a lot of practice to remember chemical reactions and
formulas. So, NCERT Solutions at Physics Wallah will give you a strong overview of
important topics.

Also Check- Important questions for class 12 chemistry Chapter 16 Chemistry in
everyday life

CBSE Marking Scheme 2022-23

Class 12 is a major stage in a student's life. To help them grasp all the concepts
effectively, the CBSE board has divided the entire course into sections with marks
per the exam pattern. All the chapters are divided based on weightage and the
importance of marks from the CBSE examination point of view. This aims to provide
quality education to class 12 students and help them achieve their future goals. It
also provides a solid foundation of basic concepts that are important for exams.

Unit No. Name of Unit Marks
1 Solutions 7
2 Electrochemistry 9

3 Chemical Kinetics 7
4 d-and f-Block Elements 7
5 Coordination Compounds 7
6 Haloalkanes and Haloarenes 6
7 Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers 6
8 Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids 8
9 Amines 6
10 Biomolecules 7
  Total 70

Why NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry
are important?

Chemistry consist of various typical theories as well numerical part. Many a time’s
students get stuck in problems and complex theories. This hinders the smooth
learning curve of students. In order to prevent any type of time wastage, the team
has come up with NCERT solutions for class 12 chemistry study material.

Since chemistry has a wide syllabus to cover, so it becomes a bit difficult to
comprehend at the time of revision. Students can easily revise the study material
right before their examinations. The NCERT solutions for class 12 chemistry has been
divided into chapter wise section. Our team has made extensive efforts to research
the most possible questions from year question papers. Students can find defiantly
find various important marked questions in the study material. Since syllabus of
class 12th chemistry is very wide & comprises of various unnecessary things. The
team at Physics Wallah has completely removed unnecessary things and made
learning easy.

Step-by-step guidance is provided to critical numerical. Students can also find
various short tricks to solve critical concepts and solutions. The experts in our team
drafting NCERT solutions for class 12 chemistry are well versed in the topics.
Students can find various intrinsic details in the NCERT solutions for class 12
chemistry prepared by our team. Chemistry is the subject with wide entices, we
have inculcated short solving techniques in our syllabus.

How to Study NCERT Solutions for Class 12
chemistry effectively?

Whether it’s your board examinations or national level competitive examination,
NCERT solutions for class 12 chemistry is a one-stop solution for all your needs.
Students can also find various dedicated sections in study material for information
on critical problems. The very ideology we follow at Physics Wallah is to help
students with hassle-free learning. This NCERT solutions for class 12 chemistry can
help students clear all their conceptual doubts.

Why Physics Wallah is best for NCERT Solutions
for Class 12 chemistry?

Students looking for expert guidance can study through NCERT solutions for class
12 chemistry provided by Physics Wallah. We have been helping needy students by
providing the most coveted study material for no dime. Students can access our
NCERT solutions for class 12 chemistry for completely free. All they need to do is to
sign up with us. Avail the precious study material created by experts of their field
right at your home at no cost.

Approach to use NCERT solution for Class 12
chemistry for physical chemistry

Physical chemistry required conceptual clarity over the subject. One must know
how to apply the concept in numerical. To become expert in numerical one must
start with solid state chapter this is the chapter which didn’t required help for any
other chapter and interesting too.In NCERT this chapter is explained with awesome
figures which will help you to understand the structure of solid and what Bravis
wants to explain. Try to solve the question of text book and after that take the help
of NCERT solution for class 12 chemistry.

Don’t jump to solutions directly. Liquid solution required revision of stoichiometry
chapter of class 11. Befor liquid solutions chapter you must know the term molarity,
normality and other concentration term. Read the NCERT text book for the theory
understand the concept of Raoult law and colligative properties solve the question

given in the text book of NCERT. Take reference of NCERT solution for class 12
chemistry.

Electrochemistry and chemical kinetics topics are very important and carries high
weightage in class 12 board exam. All questions given in NCERT text book must be
solved completely. You can take help of Physics Wallah chemistry formula page to
learn all formula required for these chapter.

Approach to use NCERT Solution for Class 12
chemistry for organic chemistry

At the beginning of Organic chemistry for class 12 one must revise few topics of
class 11 organic chemistry such as.

1. Chemical bonding
2. General organic chemistry
3. Hydrocarbon

It is very important to have clarity in the above topics before starting class 12 alkyl
halide chapter. After revision start with alkyl halide. Read the theory of SN1 and SN2
reaction mechanism try to find the mechanism of each reaction and how the
reaction proceed and for mechanism detail you can take reference of Physics
Wallah organic section. Read the chapter make your own notes and write all
reaction and solve the text book questions at last take the help of NCERT solution
for class 12 chemistry.

Frequently Asked Question (FAQs)

Q1. How to score good marks in CBSE Board class 12 chemistry with the help of the
NCERT textbook?

Ans. To score good marks in class 12 chemistry you must be strong in all three parts
of chemistry physical, inorganic, and organic chemistry. You need a different
approach in all three parts of chemistry for example to do well in physical chemistry
focus on theory and solve numerical given in the NCERT textbook.

Inorganic chemistry is highly dependent on your notes so prepare a good note form
the NCERT textbook and note down all bullet points in it. Understand all reaction
mechanisms given in the NCERT textbook.

Q2. What is the right approach to reading the NCERT class 12 chemistry Textbook
for the Board exam?

Ans. For board exam, the NCRT textbook is highly recommended and must be read
line by line. The best approach to score good marks in class 12 chemistry is to make
good notes from chapter-1 to chapter-16. Solve all questions given in the NCERT
exercise.

Q3. What are the right strategies to deal with inorganic chemistry for the board
exam?

Ans. Inorganic chemistry must be done through the NCERT textbook. It is sufficient
and consists of all the important points which are required to score good marks in
class 12 chemistry.

Q4. Is NCERT class 12 chemistry text is enough for the entrance exam?

Ans. Yes now a day all most all entrance exam is conducted by NTA that includes
JEE and NEET and the recommended book of NTA is NCERT. Check out the previous
year's paper you can easily do an analysis that almost 75 % of questions are asked
directly from the NCERT textbook.

Q5. What are the most important chapters of class 12 chemistry for the board
exam?

Ans. The most important chapters of class 12 chemistry are electrochemistry, liquid
solution, coordination compounds, and carbonyl compounds.

NCERT Solutions NCERT Solutions for Class 12

Chemistry Formulas Online Quiz for Class 12 Chemistry

Chemistry Article

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