CHAPTER 4:HUMAN HEALTH

CHAPTER 4: HUMAN HEALTH
(4.1)INFECTIOUS DISEASES

NAME: Nurdina Damia binti Mohd Faiz Fazli
CLASS: 2 Al-Razi
TEACHER: Cikgu Nurhanis

MOST COMMON DISEASE IN MALAYSIA

o BIRD FLU
o DENGEU
o INFLUENZA A
o CORONA VIRUS

These is the type of diseases that can be transmitted to one individu
to another individu

TYPES OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES

THE AIRBORNE DISEASES

 Tuberculosis
 Flu
 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome

(SARS)
 Influenza A (H1N1)
 Chicken pox

CAUSES OF THE DISEASES

DROPLET TRANSMISSION
• The pathogen contain droplet sprays from the infected person

through sneezing, coughing , talking , yawning , or breathing.

DUST TRANSMISSION
• The spit (saliva) from infected person dry up and form spores

which are spread together with the dust in the air.

WAYS TO DEAL WITH THEM

 Cover the mouth and nose when sneezing , coughing , or
yawning.

 Do not spit everywhere.
 Avoid being in a crowded place.
 Ensure the living place gets enough light as ultraviolent rays

can kill certain microorganisms in the air.

TYPES OF INFECTIOUS OF DISEASES

THE WATERBOURNE DISEASES

 Cholera
 Typhoid
 Amoebic dysentery

CAUSES OF THE DISEASES

• Infectous through water happens in areas with inadequate water
supply and poor sanitary.

• Can be infected by panthogens when someone drinks contamianated
water.

WAYS TO DEAL WITH THEM

 Add chlorine into swimming pools and water supply systems.
 Build toilets with good sanitation.
 Boil drinking water properly
 Wash hands with soap after using the toilet.

TYPES OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES

DISEASES THROUGH CONTACT

 Ringworm
 Tinea
 Syphilis
 gonorrhoea

CAUSES OF DISEASES

TROUGH CONTACT
• Caused by fungi
• Touching infected skin or wearing the clothes of the infected person will

cause infectious to occur.

SEXUAL INTERCOURSE
• Panthogens present in body fluid such as semen and vaginal fluid.
• Transmitted by blood as exposure to syrings sharing among patients

and drug addicts.

WAYS TO DEAL WITH THEM

 Practice safer sex (get tested for sexually transmitted diseases.)
 Don’t share personal items (such as toothbrush,comb,clothes,dining

utensils and much more)

TYPES OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES

DISEASES THROUGH VECTORS

 Malaria (shivering , fever , and sweating)
 Cholera (diarrhea and vomiting)
 Dengue (joint pain , fever , headache , and watery eyes)
 Zika (fever , rashes , joint pain and conjunctivitis)
 typhoid (fever , intestinal bleeding and red rashes)
 Leptospirosis (fever,headache and muscle pain.)

CAUSES OF DISEASES

Some pathogens are transmitted from one host to another new host trough
animals.

Such as:
• Mosquito bites
• Contaminated food and drinks.

WAYS TO DEAL WITH THEM

 Wash your hands often.
 Be smart about food preparation
 Wear loose, light-coloured long-sleeved tops and trousers.
 Wear shoes that cover the entire foot.
 Change the water in vases once a week.

GRAPH OF BIRD FLU IN MALAYSIA

GRAPH OF DENGUE IN MALAYSIA

GRAPH OF INFLUENZA A IN MALAYSIA

GRAPH OF COVID 19 IN MALAYSIA

WE NEED TO BE ALERT AND CAREFUL WITH OUR
SURROUNDING SO THAT WE WILL BE NOT INFECTED

- THANK YOU -