Johor Research Day 2024

JOHOR 2024 RESEARCH MINISTRY OF HEALTH MALAYSIA JOHOR STATE HEALTH DEPARTMENT PROGRAMME BOOK DAY THEME: TRANSFORMING HEALTHCARE THROUGH DIGITALISATION DATE: 5 JUNE 2024 TH VENUE: NEWCASTLE UNIVERSITY MEDICINE MALAYSIA, ISKANDAR PUTERI ORGANISED BY: JOHOR STATE HEALTH DEPARTMENT IN COLLABORATION WITH:

JOHOR RESEARCH DAY 2024: TRANSFORMING HEALTHCARE THROUGH DIGITALISATION

Table Of Contents Welcome Messenges Johor Health Exco Director of Johor State Health Department Chairman of Organising Committee Organising Committee General Information Agenda Abstract Acknowledgement Notes TABLE OF CONTENTS

WELCOME MESSAGE YB. Ling Tian Soon Johor State Health Exco Dear Distinguished Guests and Participants, It is of the utmost pleasure to welcome all to the Johor Research Day 2024. This conference serves as an excellent opportunity for the exchange precious knowledge and valuable insights on the latest research within the theme of this year’s event which is ‘Transforming Healthcare Through Digitalisation’. Advances in technology has allowed the use of digital records which are important for efficient data access and sharing across facilities, as well as reduction of patient waiting times. An integrated Malaysian healthcare system is aspired to soon be established to bring public and private health systems together so that resources may be optimized as part of efforts to build a sustainable and resilient health system that provides equitable, affordable and accessible high quality health service. Another shift observed of late is the emergence of teleconsultation services that have been recently gaining traction in the health industry. This trend takes advantage of the advances in remote medicine and allows to satisfy the increased demand of convenience and accessibility to healthcare. This year’s Johor Scientific Conference has done an excellent job of covering various topics that delve into the very subject and I am excited to anticipate the sharing of knowledge from great scholars and experts of their fields. As with most things in life, nothing great is ever achieved on one’s own. And with that I would like to thank all who have worked hard on making this event happen. I extend my gratitude to the organizing committee for their meticulous work and not forgetting all collaborators and sponsors who have been involved with the success of this year’s conference. Thank you.

WELCOME MESSAGE Dr Hj. Mohtar Bin Pungut @ Hj. Ahmad Director Johor State Health Department Dear Distinguished Guests and Participants, Greetings and a warm welcome to the Johor Research Day 2024. It is with great enthusiasm that I urge all who attend to take full advantage of what this conference has to offer in line with this year’s theme of ‘Transforming Healthcare Through Digitalisation’. With a robust lineup of great speakers on insightful topics regarding digital health, AI, and research, this conference provides a unique opportunity to learn from esteemed professionals, allowing participants to gain access to their wealth of knowledge, expertise and practical insights. This biennial event is an invaluable opportunity to allow participants to be exposed to the expertise and resources that are otherwise difficult to obtain. It also serves as a conducive environment for the sharing of information and allows one to stay updated with the latest development in the field of healthcare and digitalisation. The Johor Scientific Conference serves as a gate to enhanced collaboration opportunities that are essential in advancing healthcare research and addressing complex healthcare challenges with the gathering of researchers, clinicians, educators, and policy makers from diverse backgrounds. I would like to applaud all those involved in making this event a success. Massive congratulations to all participants of the conference, gracious sponsors and collaborators, and organizing committee who have all worked hard to ensure the excellent execution of this conference. My hope is that many will gain benefit and inspiration that will aid them in their own pursuits of knowledge and research, and become able to catapult the fate of the nation’s healthcare into a promising future, especially in the field of digitalisation. Thank you.

WELCOME MESSAGE Dr Marina Abd Rahman Sabri Chairperson, Scientific Committe Johor Research Day 2024 Dear Distinguished Guests and Participants, Welcome to the Johor Research Day 2024. This year’s conference bears a theme that is much relevant to the currently advancing trend in healthcare which is ‘Transforming Healthcare Through Digitalisation’. It is quite special that we are collaborating with the Newcastle University Medicine Malaysia (NUMed). Not only are we holding the conference in their campus and inviting their esteemed academicians as speakers, we are also welcoming the participation of medical students within Johor in order to encourage the culture of research in young minds who will continue to carry on and expand on it in their academic journey in the present and in the future as they grow. What is great knowledge without the act of sharing. As opposed to many other forms of treasures in this world, knowledge is the one thing that the more precious it is, the more there is a need for it to be shared for it to be multiplied. And as such, events such as this prove to be a great opportunity for all great minds to come together and tune in to the sharing of knowledge by renowned experts, academics & industry leaders in the field of healthcare. A total of 103 presenters across a multitude of categories including e-posters, oral presentation and case reports are featured and with such an abundance of topics listed in the conference agenda, I am excited to anticipate the exchange of knowledge and my hope is that all who participate may gain benefit from attending such a scholarly gathering. I wish to thank all those who have supported this event. My deepest gratitude goes to the organizing committee for their tremendous effort, as well as to the sponsors, collaborators and participants who have made this conference a success. Thank you.

ORGANISING COMMITTEE MAIN COMMITTEE Advisor Dr. Hj Mohtar bin Pungut @ Hj Ahmad Chairman Dr. Marina binti Abd Rahman Sabri Vice Chairman Dr. Suhaila binti Mohd Som Secretary 1 Dr. Caryn Leong Jia Wern Secretary 11 Dr. Nadya lzzati binti Soaib Treasurer 1 Dr. Ng Su Ying @ Gina Treasurer 11 Pn. Hamidah binti Mohamed SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE Mdm. Rohidayah binti Abd Majid Dr. Alya Goh Su Yen Dr. Hairiah binti Abas Mdm. Zaitun binti Mohd Saman Dr. lnani Nabilah binti Lahuri Mdm. Nur Amalina binti Has Mdm. Fatin Norsahida binti Giman Chairperson 1 Dr. Chen May Feng Chairperson 11 Dr. Noorizan binti Yahya SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMME COMMITTEE ABSTRACT COMMITTEE COMPETITION COMMITTEE Dr. Lim Hong Tak Dr. Stanley Choo Shen Hong Dr. Munirah binti Ismail Dr. Nurul Huda binti Razali Mdm. Aisyah binti Ali

ORGANISING COMMITTEE SUB COMMITTEE Dr. Hasmein binti Mohd Razali (TL) Mdm. Faulina binti Khamisan INVITATION & REGISTRATION COMMITTEE PUBLICITY & MEDIA COMMITTEE Mdm. Hjh. Faizah binti Jurimi (TL) Mdm. Azzlin Haslinda binti Ariffin Mdm. Neily Syafiqah binti Mohamed Eusoff Muhammad Najmi bin Ariffin Muhammad Najibullah bin Nasron Mohd Taufik bin Mohd Hassan Mohammad Yusri bin Jasman Muhammad Fadzli bin Maas Mdm. Zalilah binti Nasir (TL) BANQUET COMMITTEE Mdm. Norhidaya binti Md Samri Mdm. Azimah binti Alias Mdm. Norsazila binti Hamidon Mohd Fairuz bin Abu Bakar Mdm. Siti Norsyafikah binti Mohd Saifol Mdm. Nisha binti Abu Bakar Mdm. Noorsaidatul Akmal binti Che Kamarudin Mdm. Nurul Aika binti Che Kamarudin Mdm. Khairun Nisak binti Sairan Dr. Khairul Rizal bin Othman (TL) TECHNICAL, EXHIBITION & FACILITY COMMITTEE Dr. Nur Elmisya binti Mokhtar Dr. Sharifah Nor Sabira binti Syed Mohd Ali Dr. Mohammad Faiz bin Maarof Dr. Mohd Fairuz bin Anuar Hasnan bin Aspari Mdm. Agnes binti Misun Mdm. Akmaliley binti Abdullah Mdm. Nursyabihan binti Kamis Mdm. Farah Afiqah binti Mohammad Mdm. Norairin Natasha binti Ahmad

SUB COMMITTEE Mdm. Salina binti Salleh (TL) PRESENTATION & MULTIMEDIA COMMITTEE Mohd Nazri bin Khamis@ Maharan Abdul Aziz bin Abu Bakar Mdm. Erni Marziyanawati binti Satar Mohd Nooraizat bin Saudin@ Sudin Mohd lshamure bin Saleh Mdm. Hiew Lee Chew (TL) EVENT REGISTRATION COMMITTEE Mdm. Zarini binti Busu Mohd Rohaidzal bin Azeman Ansari Alia bin Humad Mdm. Lydwina R. Sikul ORGANISING COMMITTEE Mdm. Pramila A/P Jeyaramachandram (TL) RECEPTION & PROTOCOL COMMITTEE Muhammad Nur Hakym bin Mohd Mislim Mdm. Siti Kamariah binti Sasarai@ Sasri Norzahim Syahid bin Zainul Mdm. Siti Raihan binti Muhammad Fuad Tan Mdm. Sharifah Nurul Zulaikha bt Syed Md Hanif Efendi Mdm. Norsuhadah binti Abdullah Mohd Salyan bin Mahmud Mohd Areerizal bin Abdul Karim Dr. Siti Aisyah binti Mohd Taha (TL) Dr. Mohamad Hazwan bin Jamaludin PROGRAMME BOOK & JRD WEBSITE COMMITTEE Dr. Nadhierah Akmal binti Mohd Rosni Mdm. Zahrina binti Abdul Kadir (TL) MOMENTO & CERTIFICATE COMMITTEE Mdm. Nor Aina Bte Kamarudin Mdm. Rafiqah binti Ahmad Rijal Ahmad Hafizi bin Noh Mdm. Norlia binti Samsi Mdm. Nurul Syaidatul Aqilla bt Mazlan Mdm. Nur Qamarina binti Najmulhuda

FLOOR PLAN GENERAL INFORMATION LECTURE GENTS PRAYER ROOM LADIES PRAYER ROOM : : : ONSITE REGISTRATION COUNTER INFO DESK / SECRETARIAT LUNCH VENUE INFORMATION FOR PRESENTERS FOR SPEAKERS /MODERATORS ORAL PRESENTATIONS POSTER PRESENTATIONS

GENERAL INFORMATION FLOOR PLAN

WEDNESDAY, 5th JUNE 2024 CONFERENCE AGENDA 07.30 AM - 08.00 AM REGISTRATION 08.00 AM - 08.20 AM WELCOMING SPEECH SESSION Housekeeping announcements from emcee NUMed Representative, Associate Professor Dr Ahmad Moolla Organising Chairperson, Dr Marina Abd Rahman Sabri 08.20 AM - 08.35 AM SPEECH BY DIRECTOR OF INSTITUTE FOR CLINICAL RESEARCH Enhancing Investigator-Initiated Research in Malaysia by Datin Dr Sheamini Sivasampu 08.35 AM - 08.50 AM OFFICIATING SPEECH & OPENING CEREMONY Dr. Hj. Mohtar bin Pungut @ Hj. Ahmad, Director, Johor State Health Department 08.50 AM - 09.20 AM KEYNOTE LECTURE: THE FUTURE OF DIGITAL HEALTH Dr. Maheshwara Rao A/L Appannan , Senior Principal Assistant Director, Disease Control Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia 09.20 AM - 09.40 AM MORNING BREAK / VIEWING OF BOOTHS 09.40 AM - 10.05 AM SYMPOSIUM: PERSONAL & PROFESSIONAL JOURNEYS IN HEALTHCARE RESEARCH MODERATOR: DR MARINA ABD RAHMAN SABRI GUEST LECTURE 1: DIGITAL HEALTH RESEARCH Dr Mohd Aizuddin Bin Abd Rahman, Medical Officer, Digital Health Research & Innovation Unit (DHRi), Institute for Clinical Research (ICR) GUEST LECTURE 2: AI IN HEALTH SERVICES Mr. William Law Kian Boon , Head of Unit, Pharmacist, Digital Health Research & Innovation Unit (DHRi), Institute for Clinical Research (ICR) GUEST LECTURE 3 Mr Navinderan Mageswara, Director, Center of Excellence for Extended Reality Technology Sdn Bhd (COEXRT) 10.05 AM - 10.30 AM 10.30 AM - 10.55 AM

CONFERENCE AGENDA 10.55 AM - 11.10 AM Q&A SESSION 11.10 AM - 11.30 AM MORNING BREAK #2 11.30 AM - 13.00 PM ORAL PRESENTATION TRACK (BAYLIS LECTURE THEATRE) POSTER PRESENTATION TRACK (SECOND VENUE) 13:00 PM - 14:00 PM LUNCH BREAK / PRAYER TIME 14:00 PM - 14:30 PM GUEST LECTURE 4: DIGITAL HEALTH IN DIABETES CARE Dr Luqman Ibrahim, Consultant Endocrinologist Regency Hospital, Visiting Consultant PPUM SYMPOSIUM: PERSONAL & PROFESSIONAL JOURNEYS IN HEALTHCARE RESEARCH MODERATOR: DR MARINA ABD RAHMAN SABRI LECTURE 1: JOURNEY OF A CLINICAL ACADEMIC Associate Professor Dr Ahmad Moolla LECTURE 2: JOURNEY OF AN ACADEMIC IN MEDICAL EDUCATION Professor Vishna Devi V Nadarajah, Medical Education Research LECTURE 3: JOURNEY OF AN ACADEMIC IN BASIC SCIENCES Associate Professor Dr Madihah Rushaidhi, Dean of Biomedical Sciences of Newcastle University Medicine Malaysia (NUMed) 14:30 PM - 14:50PM 14:50 PM - 15:10 PM 15:10 PM - 15:30 PM Q&A SESSION TEA BREAK / SPONSORED TALK FROM NOVARTIS FEEDBACK SESSION FROM JUDGES / PRIZEGIVING CEREMONY CLOSING REMARKS 15:30 PM - 15:45 PM 15:45 PM - 16:15 PM 16:15 PM - 16:45 PM 16:45 PM - 17:00 PM

JOHOR RESEARCH DAY 2024: ORAL PRESENTATION ABSTRACT

PROGRAMME : ORAL PRESENTATION ABSTRACT ID PRESENTATION TIME TITLE PRESENTER ORAL 01 Prevalence of Suspected Obstructive Sleep Apnea among Type 2 DM Patients in Batu Pahat District and its Associated Factors Zulihairi Bin Zulkiffli ORAL 02 Factor Determining Level of Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) Awareness among Assistant Medical Officers (AMO) in Hospital Sultanah Nora Ismail (HSNI) Batu Pahat Muhammad Zulkefli Bin Arpah@Azman ORAL 03 A Cohort Study of Virtual Counselling on Patient’s Medication Understanding, Adherence and Satisfaction Lim Ai Ling ORAL 04 A One Year Experience of Colorectal Screening in a District Hospital: Are We There Yet? Farihaa Binti Ishak ORAL 05 Intra-abdominal Injury Requiring Computed Tomography (CT) Imaging: A Retrospective Descriptive Study of Injury Pattern and Outcome Law Zhi Hou ORAL 06 Fewer Images, Better Results: Deep Convolutional Neural Network With Few-Shot Learning for Malaria Detection using Full Blood Count Differential Scattergram Images Wong Ming Kui

PREVALENCE OF SUSPECTED OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA AMONG TYPE 2 DM PATIENTS IN BATU PAHAT DISTRICT AND ITS ASSOCIATED FACTORS ORAL 01 Z Zulkiffli 1 , A Ayuni 1, L Salvaraji 1, S Rajagopal 1 1 Klinik Kesihatan Parit raja 2 Klinik Kesihatan Senggarang 3Pejabat Kesihatan Daerah Batu Pahat INTRODUCTION: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and diabetes mellitus has been shown to increase risk of cardiovascular disease. OSA indirectly result in altering the glucose metabolism due to sleep deprived which promotes insulin resistance and increase risk of cardiovascular diseases in patients. OSA not routinely evaluated during diabetic follow up and often missed. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of suspected OSA among DM type 2 patients. METHODOLOGY: A cross sectional study was conducted across 2 health clinics in Batu Pahat, Johor from March to April 2024. Data collected through self administered questionnaire to determine risk of OSA among type 2 DM patients. The risk of OSA evaluated with Berlin Scoring method. SPSS version 29 was applied to analysis the association and predicting factors for OSA. RESULTS: Total of 232 participants in this study including 88 (37.93%) male and 144 (67.02%) female mostly Malay ethnic in origin with educational background till tertiary education. The prevalence of suspected OSA in Type 2 diabetes patients was 15.95%(37). A significant association with high risk for OSA was noted for BMI (COR = 1.09; 95% CI = 1.02;1.16) and male gender (COR = 2.20; 95% CI =0.22;0.93). Both BMI (AOR = 1.09; 95% CI = 1.02;1.16) and male gender (AOR = 2.55; 95% CI = 1.18;5.50) were found to have a significant risk of OSA while controlling for other variables. CONCLUSION: Suspected OSA is prevalent among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. OSA screening is recommended to be conducted yearly for early intervention.

FACTOR DETERMINING LEVEL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH (OSH) AWARENESS AMONG ASSISTANT MEDICAL OFFICERS (AMO) IN HOSPITAL SULTANAH NORA ISMAIL (HSNI) BATU PAHAT ORAL 02 MZ Arpah@Azman 1, MA Musa 1, S Mohamad 1, M Ahmad 1 1 Hemodialysis Unit, HSNI 2 Satellite CRC, HSNI 3 Hospital Supervision Department, HSNI INTRODUCTION: The study objective is to find the relation factors affecting occupational safety and health (OSH) awareness among AMOs in HSNI Batu Pahat, Johor, crucial for ensuring healthcare personnel's well-being and delivering quality patient care. METHODS: A cross-sectional study involving 120 AMOs from 1st of July to 31 July 2023, assessed the relationship between organizational support, job roles, OSH training participation, and workplace tension self-reporting using a Likert scale questionnaire. Statistical analysis in SPSS v25 determined significant factors influencing awareness levels. RESULTS: The findings revealed that Perceived Organizational Support (POS) was a substantial predictor (β = 0.631, p = 0.000), suggesting the existence of a positive correlation. Additionally, job roles made a substantial contribution (β = 0.421, p = 0.000), indicating that there are variations in occupational health and safety awareness according to one's position. An examination of the relationship between participation in training and sensitization programs and outcomes revealed a statistically significant positive linear trend (r = 0.751, p = 0.000). Conversely, there was an inverse relationship observed between self-reported levels of workplace tension and r-0.591 (p = 0.000), suggesting a negative correlation. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: This study highlights the significant positive influence of organizational support, job roles, and training participation on OSH awareness among healthcare professionals. Conversely, workplace tension was found to have a negative impact. To further deepen our understanding, future research could explore the longitudinal progression of OSH consciousness among healthcare professionals, shedding light on the evolving factors that influence their awareness and practices in this critical area.

A COHORT STUDY OF VIRTUAL COUNSELLING ON PATIENT’S MEDICATION UNDERSTANDING, ADHERENCE AND SATISFACTION ORAL 03 AL Lim 1, CH Chua 1, SY Loo 1, AS Abdul Malek 1, N Mohd Rashid 1, SH Fauzi 1 1Pharmacy Department, Hospital Sultanah Nora Ismail, Johor, Malaysia 2 Pharmacy Department, Hospital Pakar Sultanah Fatimah Muar, Johor, Malaysia INTRODUCTION: Since its inception in 2021 by the Ministry of Health, the Virtual Medication Counselling Service (VMCS) has been in operation, yet there's a scarcity of local research on patient outcomes. This study therefore seeks to evaluate the satisfaction and treatment outcome of VMCS. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in Muar, Johor. Data collection form was used to record study samples’ demographic, satisfaction, and treatment outcome of VMCS. Non-parametric test like Spearman’s correlation, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis were used to analyse relationship between socio-demographics and VMCS treatment outcome. RESULTS: There were 69 participants with median age of 36 years old. Medications counselled included anticoagulant (50.7%), insulin (34.8%), inhaler (10.1%) and others (4.3%). Despite a 95.6% satisfaction rate with VMCS, almost half exhibited poor/moderate medication understanding, and only 65.2% demonstrated good adherence. Satisfaction showed a significant association with age (p=0.043), gender (p=0.01) and use of inhalers (p=0.029). Women, younger age, and those counselled on drugs other than inhalers were more inclined to report higher satisfaction. Significantly, medication understanding associated with insulin (p=0.013) and anticoagulant (p=0.021) while adherence score closely associated with insulin (p=0.013) and anticoagulant (p=0.006). Participants counselled with anticoagulant were thrice as likely to adhere well, even if their medication understanding was only moderate. Conversely, patients on insulin often had better medication understanding but poorer adherence rate. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: VMCS should focus on specific populations, as multiple factors influence the service quality and counselling outcome. Strategic planning is essential to ensure the service quality is on par with face-to-face counselling.

A ONE YEAR EXPERIENCE OF COLORECTAL SCREENING IN A DISTRICT HOSPITAL: ARE WE THERE YET? ORAL 04 I Farihaa 1, A Sumaraj 1, N Tharveen 1, I Normah 1 , H Suriati 1 Department of Surgery Hospital Mersing, Johor, Malaysia Department of Surgery Hospital Sultan Ismail, Johor, Malaysia, Pejabat Kesihatan Daerah Mersing, Malaysia INTRODUCTION: Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is a highly preventable and treatable disease through screening and early diagnosis. Hence a comprehensive screening is necessary to adhere with the National Strategic Plan for Colorectal Cancer (NSPCRC) which is to raise screening rate in the target age group (50- 75years) from 10.8% in 2019 to 40% by 2030. We aim to audit our screening rate in colorectal cancer in a district hospital and identify the challenges that we face throughout the process. METHODS: A retrospective study done in Hospital Mersing from January 2023 until December 2023 on the outcome of patients after undergoing immunochemical Fecal Occult Blood Test (iFOBT) and identifying the potential challenges that resulted in missed appointments and delayed to diagnosis. RESULTS: 709 patients with median age of 69 years old underwent iFOBT screening at primary healthcare clinic and 18% were positive. Out of this 18%, 46.9% followed up in surgical clinic and only 20% agreed for a colonoscopy. From those who underwent colonoscopy, 15% were diagnosed with malignancy and 46% had pre-malignant condition. The barriers that were highlighted mainly were logistic issue, psychological issue, poor inter-hospital communication and lack of awareness resulting in delay or defaulted follow ups. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: Primary healthcare and surgical team need to work in tandem to reduce patients’ misconceptions, increase inter-hospital communication and increase awareness among public. Besides that, easy access to colonoscopy facility especially in rural area is necessary to significantly reduce the defaulter rate from screening to treatment modality to enhance disease outcome of CRC in Malaysia

INTRA-ABDOMINAL INJURY REQUIRING COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (CT) IMAGING: A RETROSPECTIVE DESCRIPTIVE STUDY OF INJURY PATTERN AND OUTCOME ORAL 05 H Law 1, AK Baizura 1, MN Misni 1, MF Hassam 1, ZX Cheong 1, MF Ismail 1 1Hospital Sultanah Nora Ismail, Batu Pahat, Johor INTRODUCTION: This study investigated the prevalence, diagnosis, computed tomography (CT) imaging findings and management of traumatic intra-abdominal injuries requiring CT imaging at Hospital Sultanah Nora Ismail (HSNI) in Batu Pahat, Malaysia, between 2021 and 2022. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 124 patients who underwent CT scans for suspected abdominal trauma. Data on demographics, injuries, imaging findings, management, and outcomes were collected. RESULTS: 62 patients in 124 patients (50.0%) of suspected intra-abdominal injury case proven positive finding in CT scans. CT scans demonstrated high sensitivity (87.1%) in identifying injuries requiring surgery. Spleen (34.8%) and liver (28.8%) were the most commonly injured organs. FAST scans had moderate positive (65.5%) and negative (62.5%) predictive values for injury detection. Surgery was performed in 27 patients with a survival rate of 88.9%. Conservative management achieved good outcomes in 39 patients with only one death. A significant proportion (27.4%) of patients with abdominal injuries also had intracranial bleeding DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: CT scans are highly sensitive and crucial for diagnosing clinically significant intra-abdominal injuries. While FAST scans offer initial screening, due to their moderate positive and negative predictive value, they shouldn't replace CT scans in high-risk cases. Combined clinical judgment and imaging findings are vital to avoid missed diagnoses.

FEWER IMAGES, BETTER RESULTS: DEEP CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK WITH FEW-SHOT LEARNING FOR MALARIA DETECTION USING FULL BLOOD COUNT DIFFERENTIAL SCATTERGRAM IMAGES ORAL 06 WM Kui 1, NA Ahmad 1, RSN Raja Kamal Tauphy 1 1 Hospital Sultanah Nora Ismail, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia 2 Hospital Sungai Siput, Perak, Malaysia INTRODUCTION: Malaria, caused by Plasmodium parasites, remains a major public health concern in Malaysia. While microscopic examination remains the gold standard for diagnosis, it's time-consuming and requires expertise. This study explored a machine learning approach for rapid malaria detection using readily available Full Blood Count (FBC) scattergram data from patients at Hospital Sultanah Nora Ismail and Hospital Sungai Siput. METHODS: A deep convolutional neural network (CNN) model was trained to analyse these scatterplots. A key challenge in medical machine learning is the scarcity of training data. This study innovatively applied Few-Shot Learning (FSL) techniques, enabling the model to learn effectively from a limited dataset. RESULTS: The model achieved a remarkably low False Negative Rate (FNR=0%), indicating it effectively minimises missed malaria cases. Additionally, it maintained a low False Positive Rate (FPR=12.5%), reducing unnecessary further testing. Furthermore, the model performed well on unseen data from a different hospital, showcasing its generalizability. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: These results suggest the potential of this approach as a rapid and efficient screening tool for malaria detection at initial patient encounters, particularly in resource-limited settings.

JOHOR RESEARCH DAY 2024: POSTER PRESENTATION ABSTRACT

ID PRESENTATION TIME TITLE PRESENTER POSTER 01 Impact of Pharmacist Led Diabetes Education according to Individualized Diabetes Target Based on Patient Characteristic Nabilla Husna binti Azman POSTER 02 Covid-19 Vaccination Status and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women in Muar Herny Erdawati Binti Mohamad Rashed POSTER 03 Inventory Management Using ABC-VED Analysis in the Medical Store of Hospital Temenggong Seri Maharaja Tun Ibrahim Ong Mei Poh POSTER 04 Utilization of Analgesics among Chronic Pain Patient in Outpatient Setting, Hospital Sultanah Aminah, Johor Bahru Suzliana Binti Ahmad Aderi POSTER 05 Maximizing Vancomycin Efficacy through Optimal Dosing Strategy: A Comparison of Trough Concentration and Area Under the Curve-Based Strategies for Achieving Therapeutic Levels Ong Bee Yean POSTER 06 A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study on Prevalence of QTC Prolongation among Patients who are Prescribed with Antipsychotics Vivian Choy Wen Yan POSTER 07 Prevalence of Hepatitis C among inmates in Pusat Pemulihan Akhlak Muar Radhiatun Binti Ahmadi POSTER 08 The Prevalence of Anemia and Its Associated Factors among Antenatal Mothers Attending Klinik Kesihatan Sungai Mati, Tangkak Muhammad Afham Bin Ab Ghani POSTER 09 The Impact of Pharmacist Counselling on Phosphate Binder Medication Adherence and Drug Knowledge among Haemodialysis Patients Andrea Tan Yin Lin POSTER 10 Prevalence of adolescent pregnancy in 2016-2022, contributing factors, and its obstetric outcomes compared to non-adolescent pregnancy at government maternal and child health clinics in Mersing, Johor: A retrospective casecontrol study based on the district’s antenatal registry. Siti Balqis Binti Chanmekun POSTER 11 Evaluation of Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) among Patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in an OutPatient Setting at a District Hospital in Southern Malaysia Nur Najwa Azureen Binti Mohd Azhar POSTER 12 Enhancing Efficiency of Imaging Report Management Through Cloud-Based System in Medical Department Towards Digitalisation at Hospital Sultanah Nora Ismail (HSNI) Syed Muhammad Hafiezuddin Bin Syed Mohd Yasni POSTER 13 Knowledge and Perception among Nurses in Modern Wound Dressing for Patients in Orthopaedic Department Hospital Sultanah Nora Ismail (HSNI), Batu Pahat Mohd Zulhilmie Bin Jamil POSTER 14 A Study Assessing the Level of Knowledge and Practice "Diabetic Foot Ulcer" among Diabetes Patients in Klinik Kesihatan Sungai Mati and Klinik Kesihatan Gersik, Tangkak Johor Riduan bin Zainal PROGRAMME : POSTER PRESENTATION ABSTRACT

ID PRESENTATION TIME TITLE PRESENTER POSTER 15 Comparison of Effectiveness on Postpartum Patient's Understanding Level between Multimedia and Conventional Face-to-Face Heparin Education Prior to Discharge in Obstetrics and Gynaecology Ward Hospital Sultan Ismail Johor Bahru. Soong Pei Ling POSTER 16 Relationship of Knowledge Attitudes and Practices towards Covid-19 Prevention Measures among Healthcare Workers in Hospital Sultanah Nora Ismail (HSNI) Batu Pahat Muhammad Muzazrin Bin Ismail POSTER 17 Trend in Drug Information Resources (DIR) on using Online Medical Database or Hardcopy References among Ministry of Health (MOH) Prescribers and Pharmacists – A Single District Study Muhamad Nazir Akmal Bin Rahman POSTER 18 The Relationship between Moral Courage and Psychological Empowerment among Nurses in a Public Hospital, Johor Bahru Rozita Sahh Binti Amran POSTER 19 Association between Socio Demographic, Maternal Characteristics, Parental Feeding Practice and Parenting Style with Body Weight Status among Young Children Aged 6-36 Months in Johor Suzaimahanim Binti Othman POSTER 20 Position of Mandibular Lingula Evaluated using Orthopantomogram: Comparison of Different Skeletal Patterns and Asymmetrical Mandible Nur Lyanna Mahfuzah Binti Mohamad Johar POSTER 21 Factors Influencing Awareness of Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) among Staff under the Assistant Medical Officer (AMO) Supervisory Unit, in Public Health Sectors, Batu Pahat Mohamad Musadiq Bin Mohd Noor POSTER 22 Lipid Profile as a Potential Biochemical Marker associated with Organophosphate Exposure Farhana Bnti Ab Hadi POSTER 23 The Effectiveness of Teledentistry as Adjunct to Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy on Periodontal Health and HbA1c among Uncontrolled T2DM Patients at KK Bakri Nur Sakinah Binti Abdul Halim POSTER 24 Onset of Chronic Kidney Disease among Patients with Hypertension in Primary Care: A 10-Year Retrospective Cohort in Kluang Suzane Chin Shiyun POSTER 25 Resilience among Nurse Leaders’ in Public Hospital: A Cross Sectional Study Azlina Binti Dahlan POSTER 26 Assessment of Implementation of Pre-Pregnancy Care Services in Kota Tinggi, Johor Rahayu Binti Othman POSTER 27 An Analysis in Identifying Hot Spots for Harm and Blind Spots from Complaints across the Primary Healthcare in Batu Pahat, Johor Mohd Faiz Bin Ahmad PROGRAMME : POSTER PRESENTATION ABSTRACT

ID PRESENTATION TIME TITLE PRESENTER POSTER 28 Pain Assessment and Postoperative Pain Management in Surgical Patients at Hospital Pakar Sultanah Fatimah Noraishah Binti Hamzah POSTER 29 Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Breast Cancer Screening among Healthcare Staff in Hospital Enche' Besar Hajjah Khalsom Chong Kok Shi POSTER 30 Efficacy and Cytotoxicity of Calcium Chloride as Surface Treatment for Orthodontic Mini Implant Noor Ainnilwahida Binti Alias POSTER 31 The Use of a Virtual Learning Module in Promoting Quality Use of Medicine: A Preliminary Study among Undergraduate Students in Johor, Malaysia Muhammed Luqmanulhakim Bin Abu Bakar POSTER 32 Knowledge and Practice of Diabetes Self-management During Ramadan among Fasting Muslim Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in Klinik Kesihatan Ulu Tiram (KKUT) Siti Nur Fatihha Binti Nazri POSTER 33 The Level of Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, Confidence and Barriers in Providing Kotak Programme Among Dental Operators in Johor School Dental Services Siti Aisyah Binti Mohd Taha POSTER 34 Pharmacist Role in Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PREP) in Determining Patients’ Compliance as a HIV Prevention at Government Clinic Setting; A Cross-Sectional Study Muhammad Asyraff Bin Zarwi POSTER 35 Issues Encountered by Patient on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) and Role of Retroviral Disease Medication Therapy Adherence Clinic (RVD MTAC) Nur Afiqah Dayana Binti Md. Darwis POSTER 36 Level of Knowledge, Attitude And Practice on Oral Cancer amongst Registered Medical Practitioner in Government and Private Practice in Muar District Nur Farah Arina Binti Abdull Sitar POSTER 37 Retrospective Observational Study of Colonoscopy Screening Adherence in Kluang District Populations Nazirah Binti Nashruddin POSTER 38 Awareness and Perception of Patients towards Newly Introduced Myubat Application Nuraina Fatiha Binti Mezlan POSTER 39 Multi-Agencies Approach Screening Programme for Children with Learning Disability Intan Nor Chahaya Bt Shukor POSTER 40 Demographic Study and Predictors of Hospitalisation and Mortality among Patients with Liver Cirrhosis attending a Gastroenterology Clinic in Northern Johor Jeevakanthi a/l Rajendran POSTER 41 The Effectiveness of Parenteral Anticoagulants for Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) among Covid-19 Patients Low Lee Fern POSTER 42 Sustainable Green Earth for Healthy Kitchen Community of Johor Bahru/ Bumi Hijau Lestari Dapur Sihat Masyarakat Johor Bahru (BHLDSMJB) Farah 'Adliah Binti Abdullah POSTER 43 Pharmacovigilance of Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir: Real Experience in Malaysian Primary Health Care Setting Nur Hidayah Binti Kamaruzaman PROGRAMME : POSTER PRESENTATION ABSTRACT

IMPACT OF PHARMACIST LED DIABETES EDUCATION ACCORDING TO INDIVIDUALIZED DIABETES TARGET BASED ON PATIENT CHARACTERISTIC PO 1 TW Hui1, NH Azman1, N Zaharuddin1, MA Abd Nasir1, TJ Yee1, TW Nie1, NF Noorazli1, N Paidi1 Klinik Kesihatan Ibu dan Anak Kota Tinggi,Klinik Kesihatan Bandar TenggaraKlinik Kesihatan Bandar Mas Klinik Kesihatan Bukit Waha INTRODUCTION: Patient-centred care is essential in diabetes management as glycaemic goals should be tailored to the patient’s specific characteristics. Latest evidence showed setting a general HbA1c target for all patients is outdated. METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional study involving 306 patients that completed Diabetes Medication Therapy Adherence Clinic (DMTAC) in 2020 across 13 health clinics in Pejabat Kesihatan Kota Tinggi. Gestational diabetes mellitus patients, those who were receiving iron replacement therapy and people taking medications that may affect the HbA1c level were excluded. The target HbA1c level was stratified according to the patient's characteristics. Data were obtained from electronic and medical reports before analysed using SPSS version 28.0.0. RESULTS: 78 patients (25.5%) were able to achieve individualized HbA1c target compared to general target, 40 patients (13.1%). A chi-square test of independence showed significant association between HbA1c target group and target achievement (p=<.001) with the most achievable individualized HbA1c target group was 7.1-8%, 43 (43.9%), followed by 6.6-7%, 23 (18%) and <6.5%, 12 (15%). Chi-square test of independence also showed significant association between age group and target achievement when using individualized HbA1c targets (p=<.001) but not when using general target (p=0.189). DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: An individualized HbA1c target (25.5%) gives better achievement compared to the general HbA1c target (13.1%) across all non-pregnant diabetic patients. Pharmacist involvement through DMTAC helps in reduction of patient’s HbA1c level. Also, different approaches may be needed to counter the problems faced by different target groups to gain more significant outcomes in the future.

COVID-19 VACCINATION STATUS AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN IN MUAR PO 2 MR Herny Erdawati1, A Hanisah1, C Suzane1, A Rohana1, MS Nurul Huda1, NN Aimi R1 1Muar Health District Officer, Jalan Othman, 84000 Muar, Johor INTRODUCTION: Pregnant women infected with SARS Cov 2 virus are at increased risk of severe morbidity and high mortality. Mass vaccination programme towards pregnant population is the best strategy to prevent pregnancy adverse outcome. However, several studies reported low vaccine acceptance among pregnant population worldwide compared to general population. Multiple factors are contributed to vaccine acceptance among pregnant women. This study is to determine the Covid 19 vaccination status and associated factors among pregnant women in Muar district. METHODS: This is a Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study where secondary data was used. Data were collected within one-month period. Out of total 1056 cases, 609 sample size were analysed. Descriptive statistic, univariate and multivariate analysis were used. RESULTS: There were 64% of pregnant women in Muar completed their primary series of Covid 19 vaccination while 34.8% completed booster. Increasing age (AOR 1.056 95% CI 1.016-1.097), Chinese ethnicity (AOR 3.34 95% CI 1.93-5.79) and higher educational level (AOR6.61 95%CI1.26-34.80) showed significant association with completed Covid 19 vaccination among pregnant women in Muar. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: Older pregnant women showed 1.056 times with Chinese ethnicity 3.34 times and higher educational level showed 6.61 time more likely to complete their Covid 19 vaccination. More than 50% of pregnant women in Muar district completed their primary series of Covid 19 vaccination, however vaccine uptake for booster was still low. They fore public health intervention and health education targeting to various sociodemographic group should be continue to increase COVID-19 vaccine booster uptake among pregnant women.

INVENTORY MANAGEMENT USING ABC-VED ANALYSIS IN THE MEDICAL STORE OF HOSPITAL TEMENGGONG SERI MAHARAJA TUN IBRAHIM PO 3 S Hamid1, MP Ong1, THZ Christine1 1Hospital Temenggong Seri Maharaja Tun Ibrahim INTRODUCTION: Successful medication supply management avoids discontinuation of available drugs. This can be accomplished by conducting an ABC-VED matrix analysis for proper selection, quantification, procurement, distribution and use of drugs. The aim of this study is to analyse the pharmaceutical inventory management of Hospital Seri Temenggong Seri Maharaja Tun Ibrahim (HTSMTI), Kulai, Johor for the year 2022 using ABC-VED Matrix. METHODS AND RESULTS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in HTSMTI from 1st January 2022 until 31st December 2022 and analysed by using a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. In the one-year ABC-VED analysis at HTSMTI, 424 drugs were utilised and the annual drug expenditure (ADE) cost RM3,380,415.68. Out of the 424 drugs, 67 (15.80%), 106 (25%), and 251 (59.20%) items were classified as A, B, and C. VED analysis revealed that 22 (5.18%), 299 (70.35%), and 103 (24.24%) of drugs were categorised as V, E, and D, respectively. ABC-VED matrix analysis indicated that category I, II, and III drugs accounted for 71.71%, 25.80%, and 2.49% of items with their respective drug expenditure of RM 2,424,167.80.00 (71.71%), RM 872,008.20 (25.80%), and RM 84,239.68 (2.49%). DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: ABC-VED matrix analysis of the present study showed that the category I pharmaceuticals consumed a majority of ADE and needed great attention for control. Study findings suggested the need for routine use of scientific pharmaceutical inventory management tools such as ABCVED matrix analysis to optimise resource usage efficiency and patient care.

UTILIZATION OF ANALGESICS AMONG CHRONIC PAIN PATIENT IN OUTPATIENT SETTING, HOSPITAL SULTANAH AMINAH, JOHOR BAHRU PO 4 S. Ahmad Aderi1, MQ Razali1, CX Lam1, SI Ayob1, KL Lee1, V Muniandy1, NA Kamaruddin1 1Hospital Sultanah Aminah Johor Bahru INTRODUCTION: Chronic pain can be defined as a pain lasts or recurs for more than three months. WHO has established Analgesic Ladder, which composed classes of analgesic to be prescribed based on the pain severity. METHODS: Retrospective descriptive study conducted in the outpatient clinics. 938 out of 402,696 prescriptions in 2020 were then selected using universal sampling. RESULTS: Out of 938 prescriptions, 58.7% was female patients. More than 50% aged more than 60 years old. Almost 50% of chronic pain patients will received Paracetamol followed by opioid and anticonvulsant. NSAIDS/COX-2 was the least preferred. In the prescriber category, Orthopedic Clinic has prescribed the most prescriptions followed by the Pain Clinic. The chronic pain prescription was further divided into Chronic Non-Cancer Pain (CNCP) and Chronic Cancer Pain (CCP). 10.6% were CCP whereas the rest belong to CNCP group. Paracetamol has higher DDD in CNCP group. NSAIDS/COX-2 was used in CNCP but not CCP. Gabapentin was the most prescribed anticonvulsants in both group. More than half of the total prescriptions has been using multimodal approach. The combination of Paracetamol with weak opioid was the preferred regimen. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: The utilization of analgesics in this study aligned with WHO Pain Ladder. Paracetamol was the main choice followed by weak opioid in CNCP and strong opioid in CCP whereas NSAIDs/COX-2 is the least preferred choice. Adjuvants seems to be beneficial as an adjunct. Further promising study such as long term side effects, and patients’ satisfaction could be carried out in comparison to the prescribing pattern.

MAXIMIZING VANCOMYCIN EFFICACY THROUGH OPTIMAL DOSING STRATEGY: A COMPARISON OF TROUGH CONCENTRATION AND AREA UNDER THE CURVE-BASED STRATEGIES FOR ACHIEVING THERAPEUTIC LEVELS PO 5 BY Ong1, HY Hoo1 1Pharmacy Department, Hospital Enche’ Besar Hajjah Khalsom, Kluang INTRODUCTION: The transition from trough-guided dosing to an area under the concentration-time curve (AUC)-guided dosing strategy was implemented to enhance treatment response and minimize unnecessary vancomycin exposure. This study compared the achievement of therapeutic targets, total daily dose of vancomycin required to reach the target, and the incidence of vancomycin-associated nephrotoxicity between the two dosing strategies. METHODOLOGY: This prospective cohort study involved 40 adult patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection who received intermittent intravenous vancomycin using an AUC-guided dosing strategy. The retrospective comparison group consisted of 65 patients who received vancomycin with a trough-guided dosing approach. Daily AUC was calculated using two-point serum vancomycin concentrations and first-order pharmacokinetic equations. RESULTS: In the trough-guided dosing group, only 13 (20%) of 65 initial trough levels were therapeutic, compared to 17 (42.5%) of 40 initial AUC values in the AUC-guided dosing group (p= 0.013). The AUCguided dosing group required a significantly lower mean daily vancomycin dose (2085.94 ± 958.01 mg) to achieve therapeutic goals compared to the trough-guided dosing group (2669.05 ± 1034.58 mg, p= 0.016). Nephrotoxicity occurred in 16.9% of trough-guided patients and 5% of AUC-guided patients (p= 0.072). DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: Compared to trough-guided dosing, AUC-guided dosing with two-point sampling improved therapeutic target attainment and resulted in lower mean daily vancomycin doses. Although the reduction in nephrotoxicity incidence was not statistically significant, this study provides valuable evidence supporting the transition to AUC-guided dosing for optimizing vancomycin dosage.

A RETROSPECTIVE CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY ON PREVALENCE OF QTC PROLONGATION AMONG PATIENTS WHO ARE PRESCRIBED WITH ANTIPSYCHOTICS PO 6 VWY Choy1, D Ganasan1, NA Osman1, YC Chai1 1 Hospital Permai, Johor Bahru, Malaysia 2 Hospital Sultan Ismail, Johor Bahru, Malaysia INTRODUCTION: Antipsychotic agents are frequently associated with QTc prolongation (QTcP). In regard to this, this study aims to study the prevalence of QTcP among patients who are prescribed with antipsychotics and to identify the risk factors associated with it. METHODS: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 438 patients admitted to the acute psychiatric wards in a psychiatric hospital between 1 Jan 2020 and 31 December 2021. The relevant data such as sociodemographic data, classes of antipsychotics and duration of antipsychotics associated with QTcP were collected from the clinical records of each individual. The corrected QT interval was manually calculated from the patient’s electrocardiogram recordings and corrected for heart rate using the Bazett’s formula. RESULTS: Among 438 subjects, 20.8% (n=91) were found to have QTcP. From simple logistic regression, only increasing age, Chinese ethnicity, personal medical history of hypertension and prescription of aripiprazole were factors that are significantly associated with QTcP. However, after including all these four variables into multivariate regression analysis, only increasing age (p = 0.010, AOR: 1.03), Chinese ethnicity (p = 0.007, AOR: 2.043), and prescription of aripiprazole (p = 0.017, AOR: 2.68), were significantly associated with QTcP. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: Our findings suggested there is a significant proportion of patients in acute inpatient wards with QTcP. This serves as a starting point for future studies in a local setting in a welldesigned prospective study. This approach could be done to provide a clearer understanding of the type of antipsychotic that may cause QTcP in a local setting.

APREVALENCE OF HEPATITIS C AMONG INMATES IN PUSAT PEMULIHAN AKHLAK MUAR PO 7 R Ahmadi 1 , R Mohd Tahir 1 , MR Mohd Lutpi 1 , N Saini 1 , LR Lau 1 , MH Malek 1 1 Pusat Pemulihan Akhlak Muar 1 INTRODUCTION: Antipsychotic agents are frequently associated with QTc prolongation (QTcP). In regard to this, this study aims to study the prevalence of QTcP among patients who are prescribed with antipsychotics and to identify the risk factors associated with it. METHODS: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 438 patients admitted to the acute psychiatric wards in a psychiatric hospital between 1 Jan 2020 and 31 December 2021. The relevant data such as sociodemographic data, classes of antipsychotics and duration of antipsychotics associated with QTcP were collected from the clinical records of each individual. The corrected QT interval was manually calculated from the patient’s electrocardiogram recordings and corrected for heart rate using the Bazett’s formula. RESULTS: Among 438 subjects, 20.8% (n=91) were found to have QTcP. From simple logistic regression, only increasing age, Chinese ethnicity, personal medical history of hypertension and prescription of aripiprazole were factors that are significantly associated with QTcP. However, after including all these four variables into multivariate regression analysis, only increasing age (p = 0.010, AOR: 1.03), Chinese ethnicity (p = 0.007, AOR: 2.043), and prescription of aripiprazole (p = 0.017, AOR: 2.68), were significantly associated with QTcP. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: Our findings suggested there is a significant proportion of patients in acute inpatient wards with QTcP. This serves as a starting point for future studies in a local setting in a welldesigned prospective study. This approach could be done to provide a clearer understanding of the type of antipsychotic that may cause QTcP in a local setting.

THE PREVALENCE OF ANEMIA AND ITS ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG ANTENATAL MOTHERS ATTENDING KLINIK KESIHATAN SUNGAI MATI, TANGKAK PO 8 MA Abd Ghani1, R Abd Kahar1, N Ghafar1, AMR Kanisan1, LX Jing1 1Klinik Kesihatan Sungai Mati, Tangkak, Johor, Malaysia INTRODUCTION: Anemia in pregnancy remains an important public health concern due to its impact on maternal and fetal health. As a result of continuous efforts to reduce its incidence, Malaysia saw a decline in the prevalence of anemia among pregnant women from 29.3% in 2016 to 19.3% in 2019. Despite this, rural areas in Malaysia continue to demonstrate higher prevalence compared to urban populations, with studies reporting prevalence between 37.5%-52%. METHODS: This retrospective cross-sectional study is among the earliest studies performed in the rural town of Sungai Mati, Tangkak, and showed that 48.6% of the selected 144 pregnant women who attended Klinik Kesihatan Sungai Mati in 2020 were anaemic, with the majority demonstrating normochromic normocytic and hypochromic microcytic anemia. RESULTS: Unfortunately, we were unable to identify any demographic and obstetric factors that were significantly associated with anemia. Providentially, we also did not identify any significant effect of anemia in pregnancy towards mothers and their offspring in our study population. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: This apparent lack of relation may be due to limitations in our study, in which data was obtained from clinic copies of the maternal health card. Thus, there is a breadth of socioeconomic and demographic data as well as investigations that we could not collect from the selected population. In conclusion, anemia is still highly prevalent in our area, and more research needs to be done to better identify causative factors in order to improve prepregnancy and antenatal care among the women in our population.

THE IMPACT OF PHARMACIST COUNSELLING ON PHOSPHATE BINDER MEDICATION ADHERENCE AND DRUG KNOWLEDGE AMONG HAEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS PO 9 H Rasudin1, AT Yin Lin1, NA Zahuri1, Pharmacist, Hospital Temenggong Seri Maharaja Tun Ibrahim (HTSMTI) INTRODUCTION: Adherence to phosphate binder therapy, low-phosphorus diet and dialysis attendance is suboptimal among dialysis patient despite their importance in hyperphosphatemia management. To assess phosphate binder medication adherence among haemodialysis patients in Hospital Temenggong Seri Maharaja Tun Ibrahim (HTSMTI), level of drug knowledge and relationships between medication adherence with demographic variables, drug knowledge and serum phosphate level. This study also determines the impact of pharmacist-led educational intervention towards patients’ medication adherence, drug knowledge and serum phosphate level. METHODOLOGY: Cross-sectional study using validated questionnaires for a total of 12-week duration. The socio-demographic information is collected, followed by self-reported assessment using Malaysia Medication Adherence Assessment Tool (MyMAAT) and adapted Drug Knowledge Assessment on Dialysis Medication Therapy Adherence Clinic (MTAC) questionnaire during week-1 as pre-intervention. Then pharmacist investigators carry out an individualized counselling as pharmacist-led education across the 12-weeks intervention. RESULTS: A 58.9% of the haemodialysis patients showed good adherence towards the medication meanwhile only 2.7% have good knowledge about the phosphate binder. The study's findings demonstrated a substantial increase in knowledge scores, medication adherence, and serum phosphate level following the pharmacist counseling intervention. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: Haemodialysis patient in HTSMTI has poor to moderate drug knowledge. Numerous circumstances can lead to non-adherence to medicine, thus medical professionals should be able to identify and assist patients in resolving this issue. The impact of pharmacists’ counselling managed to improve medication adherence, drug knowledge and serum phosphate level among the dialysis patient significantly.

PREVALENCE OF ADOLESCENT PREGNANCY IN 2016-2022, CONTRIBUTING FACTORS, AND ITS OBSTETRIC OUTCOMES COMPARED TO NON-ADOLESCENT PREGNANCY AT GOVERNMENT MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH CLINICS IN MERSING, JOHOR: A RETROSPECTIVE CASE-CONTROL STUDY BASED ON THE DISTRICT’S ANTENATAL REGISTRY PO 10 S Balqis Chanmekun1 INTRODUCTION: Adolescent pregnancy is a global phenomenon with clearly known causes and serious health, social, and economic consequences. This phenomenon is linked to both short- and long-term health hazards, including anaemia, low birthweight babies, seizures, difficult delivery, elevated blood pressure during pregnancy, pre-eclampsia, and psychosocial issues. The purpose of this study is to ascertain the prevalence of teenage pregnancy in Mersing, Johor, as well as its contributing causes and implications for adolescents. In addition, Mersing has one of the second-highest rates of teenage pregnancies in Johor. METHODS: This retrospective clinic-based case-control study was conducted in the Unit of Maternal and Child Healthcare in Pejabat Kesihatan Daerah Mersing. Teenage pregnant women between the ages of 12 until 19 were drawn from six health clinics in Pejabat Kesihatan Daerah Mersing. The records include a period of seven years, with 106 cases from January 2016 to December 2022. The case to control ratio is one to one. Each pregnant woman's socio demographic profile, obstetric outcomes, and perinatal results were described in detail. The outcomes were compared with those of a control group consisting of 141 pregnant women between the ages of 20 and 30 who visited the clinic at the same time. The statistical significance of the association between adolescent pregnancy rates and obstetric outcomes was determined using a chi-squared test. Findings p <0.05 were regarded as statistically significant. RESULTS: The prevalence of teenage pregnancy was 1.3%. The mean age of the teenage group was 18.6; that of the control group was 26.4. Teenage mothers had a significantly higher risk of abortion (p<0.05), preterm delivery (p<0.05), anaemia (p<0.05), and delivering low-birthweight babies (p<0.001). There were no significant differences between the two groups in mode of delivery. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: The prevalence of teenage pregnancy in this study is relatively low compared with the national prevalence of adolescent pregnancy. However, adolescent pregnancy is associated with some antenatal and perinatal complications. The primary care physician’s role is crucial in educating adolescents on sexual health, providing continual care in health clinics, and empowering adolescents in their reproductive health decisions.

EVALUATION OF HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE (HRQOL) AMONG PATIENTS WITH TYPE-2 DIABETES MELLITUS (T2DM) IN AN OUT-PATIENT SETTING AT A DISTRICT HOSPITAL IN SOUTHERN MALAYSIA PO 11 MY Choke1, NNA Mohd Azhar1 1Pharmacy Department, Hospital Kota Tinggi INTRODUCTION: Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a challenging condition to the patients as they are required to frequently monitor blood glucose levels, comply with therapy and so forth. Until now, treating T2DM is focused more on pharmacotherapy treatment but not on the patient’s overall health. Monitoring patients’ quality of life (QoL) is one of the important goals in healthcare as it provides support on decisionmaking in clinical settings, especially in chronic and incurable conditions. After receiving pharmacotherapy treatment, how well is health-related patient’s QoL with T2DM? Thus, this study aims to evaluate the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) and the factors associated with HRQoL among T2DM patients in an out-patient pharmacy at Hospital Kota Tinggi. METHODS: A dual-language questionnaire consists of Section A; demographic data and Section B; Revised Version Diabetes Quality of Life 13 (RV-DQOL13) was distributed to eligible T2DM patients who come to out-patient pharmacy for monthly visits. Participation in this study was voluntary and withdrawal was allowed at any time of the study. The participants’ consent was obtained prior to their participation. RESULTS: Majority of the patients had moderate QoL (mean = 41.95%) with domain ‘worry’ as the highest contributor to poor QoL (49.67%) specifically being worried of getting complications (mean = 3.85). Longer duration of DM (>6 years), HbA1c value ≤6.5 and type of treatment received (OAD) were significantly resulted in better QoL. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: Right treatment and controlled DM are associated with better QoL and less worries. Corrective measures can be implemented to address these factors.

ENHANCING EFFICIENCY OF IMAGING REPORT MANAGEMENT THROUGH CLOUD-BASED SYSTEM IN MEDICAL DEPARTMENT TOWARDS DIGITALISATION AT HOSPITAL SULTANAH NORA ISMAIL (HSNI) PO 12 SMH Syed Mohd Yasni1, MA Musa1, S Mohamad1, M Ahmad1 1Medical Department, HSNI Satellite CRC, HSNI Hospital Supervision Department, HSNI INTRODUCTION: The transition from manual to digital imaging report management in medical department HSNI often faced challenges encountered with conventional approach in report keeping system. This study investigates the acceptance and adaptation of a cloud-based data keeping system to overcome issues related to restricted document accessibility, tracking inefficiencies, and redundant practices. METHODS: The methodology involved conducting a Value Stream Mapping (VSM) analysis to evaluate the existing document handling process. Thus, leading to a cloud-based system utilizing Google Drive was implemented. This includes the development of a Google Sheet for document tracking as well as the scanning and storage of imaging reports in PDF or JPEG format. RESULTS: The transition to a digital system showed significantly improvements in accessibility, reduced tracking time, and eliminated documentation redundancy. Staff satisfaction surveys reflected positive feedbacks regarding the streamlined process. Additionally, the system effectively minimized the risk of human error and offered a dependable and reliable cloud backup solution. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: The implementation of a cloud-based data management system at Medical Department HSNI demonstrates a successful digitalization initiative to enhance efficiency and address key challenges in imaging report management. Regular discussions with hospital management and the establishment of security SOPs for Google Drive ensure continued effectiveness and security of the system.

KNOWLEDGE AND PERCEPTION AMONG NURSES IN MODERN WOUND DRESSING FOR PATIENTS IN ORTHOPAEDIC DEPARTMENT HOSPITAL SULTANAH NORA ISMAIL (HSNI), BATU PAHAT PO 13 MZ Jamil1, MA Musa1, S Mohamad1, M Ahmad1 1Medical Department, HSNI 2Satellite CRC, HSNI 3Hospital Supervision Department, HSNI INTRODUCTION: Applying advanced knowledge and good understanding in modern wound dressing is a crucial role in nursing care that requires knowledge, understanding, education and trainings. This research aims to assess the level of knowledge and perception among staff nurses towards the practice of modern wound dressing for patients in Orthopaedic department HSNI. METHODS: A descriptive quantitative study design was applied to objectively measure, describe and document the knowledge & perception of modern wound dressing among nurses in Orthopaedic department. The data was collected among 40 nurses using questionnaires. Non-experimental design using cross sectional study was used where information was obtained from the same respondent at the same time. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 26. RESULTS: The result of this study shows that the level of knowledge among nurses on modern wound dressing is good (92.5% of respondents). Majority of nurses has positive perception on modern wound dressing for patients and there is no significant correlation (p=0.449) between knowledge and perception in nurses on modern wound dressing towards patient. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: In conclusion, despite good knowledge and perception, frequent updates on evidence-based practice guidelines in modern wound dressing are always essential and must be implemented among nurses and healthcare providers.

A STUDY ASSESSING THE LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE "DIABETIC FOOT ULCER" AMONG DIABETES PATIENTS IN KLINIK KESIHATAN SUNGAI MATI AND KLINIK KESIHATAN GERSIK, TANGKAK JOHOR PO 14 R Zainal1, MA Musa1, S Mohamad1, M Ahmad1 1Endoscopy Unit, HSNI 2Satellite CRC, HSNI 3Hospital Supervision Department, HSNI INTRODUCTION: Diabetic Foot Ulcer (DFU) presents significant challenges for diabetic patients, impacting their quality of life, morbidity, mortality, and healthcare resource utilization. This study aims to assess the knowledge and practices of diabetic patients regarding DFU and propose strategies to enhance foot care awareness. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 40 diabetic patients at Sungai Mati and Gersik Health Clinics' Outpatient Departments. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire covering socio-demographic characteristics, DFU knowledge, and diabetic patients' practices, analyzed using SPSS version 26.0. RESULTS: The study assessed diabetic patients' knowledge of DFU using seven items. The highest mean score was for item B9, emphasizing foot care for individuals with diabetes (mean = 3.95, SD = 0.389). This was followed by item B11, evaluating daily foot care importance (mean = 3.58, SD = 0.549), and item B12, understanding perfect foot care's risk reduction (mean = 3.58, SD = 0.549). Additionally, item B10, assessing DFU awareness, scored 3.57 (SD = 0.594), while item B8, regarding diabetes complications, scored 3.53 (SD = 0.599). Item B13, emphasizing blood sugar control, also scored 3.53 (SD = 0.554). The lowest mean was for item B14, regarding traditional treatment seeking (mean = 1.70, SD = 1.043). Overall, the study found a moderate level of knowledge among diabetic patients regarding DFU (mean = 3.35, SD = 0.383). DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: The study highlights the need for targeted educational interventions to enhance awareness and practices related to DFU among diabetic patients. Strategies emphasizing daily foot care, understanding foot care's role in DFU prevention, and dispelling treatment-seeking misconceptions could mitigate DFU's burden and associated complications.

COMPARISON OF EFFECTIVENESS ON POSTPARTUM PATIENT'S UNDERSTANDING LEVEL BETWEEN MULTIMEDIA AND CONVENTIONAL FACE-TO-FACE HEPARIN EDUCATION PRIOR TO DISCHARGE IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY WARD HOSPITAL SULTAN ISMAIL JOHOR BAHRU PO 15 M Kumari1, YJ Chong1, PK Soong1 1 Pharmacy Department, Hospital Sultan Ismail Johor Bahru. INTRODUCTION: The integration of multimedia into healthcare education addresses human resource constraints while ensuring consistent and impactful information dissemination. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness between multimedia and conventional face-to-face heparin education counseling by trained pharmacists on postpartum patients' understanding level prior to discharge in the Obstetrics and Gynecology ward. METHODS: 134 subjects prescribed with heparin were randomly assigned to the interventional (multimedia counseling; MC) group or the control (conventional face-to-face counseling; CC) group. In the interventional arm, subjects were counseled on heparin administration using a pre-recorded pharmacistled video, while the control group deployed trained pharmacists for face-to-face counseling. Patient understanding was assessed using a checklist before and after counseling, with counseling time recorded. RESULTS: Both MC and CC groups showed significant improvements in the understanding level of heparin administration after counseling. The MC group yielded a pre-test mean score of 6.85 (Median=7.00, IQR=3.00), while the CC group had a mean score of 7.43 (Median=8.00, IQR=2.00). All subjects in both arms achieved a full score of 13 marks after the counseling session (Median=13, IQR=0). No significant difference was found in the understanding level between the two groups (p=0.287). The time taken to achieve perfect understanding was 10.44 minutes (Median=10.20 min, IQR=3.00 min) for the MC group and 9.42 minutes (Median=9.20 min, IQR=3.00 min) for the CC group (p=0.01). DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: Both MC and CC methods have shown equivalent efficacy in educating patients on heparin administration. While MC may be less time-efficient, its use reduces workload and ensures standardized education delivery.

RELATIONSHIP OF KNOWLEDGE ATTITUDES AND PRACTICES TOWARDS COVID-19 PREVENTION MEASURES AMONG HEALTHCARE WORKERS IN HOSPITAL SULTANAH NORA ISMAIL (HSNI) BATU PAHAT PO 16 MM Ismail1, MA Musa1, S Mohamad1, M Ahmad1. 1Psychiatric & Mental Health Department, HSNI. 2Satellite CRC, HSNI. 3Hospital Supervision Department, HSNI. INTRODUCTION: This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards COVID-19 prevention among health care workers at Hospital Sultanah Nora Ismail (HSNI) Batu Pahat. It addresses the issue of infections among health care workers due to insufficient knowledge and awareness of preventive measures in the workplace. METHODS: Data were collected via a structured questionnaire covering demographics, knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) from 202 healthcare workers aged 18 and above at Hospital Sultanah Nora Ismail, Batu Pahat, over three months. The findings show a significant relationship between knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to COVID-19 among the participants. RESULTS: The study's descriptive analysis reveals that 50.5% (102 respondents) have a high level of knowledge about COVID-19, 34.7% (70 respondents) have a low level, and 14.9% (30 respondents) have a medium level. Regarding attitudes, 67.3% (136 respondents) are at a moderate level, 24.8% (50 respondents) are at a low level, and 7.9% (16 respondents) are at a high level. For practices, 67.3% (136 respondents) are at a moderate level, 24.8% (50 respondents) are at a low level, and 7.9% (16 respondents) are at a high level. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: Variations in knowledge, attitudes, and practices among healthcare worker’s highlight hospital dynamics, with age significantly influencing these factors. Positions and work experience show no impact. Moderate attitudes and practices suggest a need for interventions to translate knowledge into action, emphasizing ongoing efforts to optimize COVID-19 safety in healthcare.

TREND IN DRUG INFORMATION RESOURCES (DIR) ON USING ONLINE MEDICAL DATABASE OR HARDCOPY REFERENCES AMONG MINISTRY OF HEALTH (MOH) PRESCRIBERS AND PHARMACISTS – A SINGLE DISTRICT STUDY PO 17 MNA Rahman1, DIMH Cher1, YB Yean1, NM Najib1, KAAM Aini1. N Munjiyat@Esa1, 1Pharmacy Unit, Hospital Tangkak, Johor, Malaysia INTRODUCTION: As more medication information resources become accessible for prescribers to consult, there is growing worry about the reliability of the information gathered in order to make wise and safe treatment decisions. METHODS: A cross-sectional study, self-administerd, content-validated, pre-tested questionnaire survey involving all MoH prescribers and pharmacists working in government health facility in Tangkak District. RESULTS: Of the 114 respondents, the majority were medical officers (n = 42; 36.8%) and men (n = 64; 56.1%), with the majority having fewer than five years of experience (n = 40; 35.1%). For all forms of drugrelated information, the top three most favored sources remained the same: mobile applications and online medical databases were the most popular options, followed by hardcopy references and pharmacist consultations. The most popular mobile apps and online medical databases were Medscape (n = 39; 34.21%), MyNAG (n = 54; 47.37%), and My Blue Book (n = 61; 53.51%). The most often used hardcopy references were MIMS Drug Malaysia (n = 21; 18.4%), Frank Shann Drug Doses (n = 36; 31.6%), and Clinical Practice Guidelines (n = 51; 44.7%). When it came to respondents' willingness to pay for hardcopy or softcopy references, more (n = 91; 79.8%) said they would be willing to pay for hardcopy references than for softcopy (n = 74; 64.9%). DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: Prescribers and pharmacists at Tangkak MoH health facility used credible DIR, with softcopy references being preferred for information retrieval due to their accessibility and comprehensiveness.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MORAL COURAGE AND PSYCHOLOGICAL EMPOWERMENT AMONG NURSES IN A PUBLIC HOSPITAL, JOHOR BAHRU PO 18 MF Mazlan1, RS Amran1, R Fauzi1, R Isa1, SK Ahmad Sharoni1, H Mohamed Razali1, S Katmawanti1 INTRODUCTION: Nurses face ethical and quality-of-care issues, but those who show moral courage (MC) can act on their principles. Empowering nurses with psychological empowerment (PE) can help them make better healthcare decisions and perform better as caregivers. This can result in improved patient outcomes and overall quality of care. METHODS: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. A total of 217 nurses employed in different wards were selected randomly. Data were collected by Demographics Questionnaire, Sekerka’s Moral Courage Scale, and Spreitzer’s psychological empowerment Scale and analyzed with SPSS22 using descriptive and inferential statistics. RESULTS: The outcomes indicated that the nurses demonstrated high levels of MC 78.88 (14.67) and PE 58.73 (9.30). In addition, there was a relationship between MC and PE (r = 0.54, p < 0.01), and age (r = 0.230, p < 0.001) and work experience (r = 0.275, p < 0.000) were found to be significant influences on both variables. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: The study suggests that psychologically empowering nurses could increase their MC, resulting in increased patient satisfaction and care quality.

ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SOCIO DEMOGRAPHIC, MATERNAL CHARACTERISTICS, PARENTAL FEEDING PRACTICE AND PARENTING STYLE WITH BODY WEIGHT STATUS AMONG YOUNG CHILDREN AGED 6-36 MONTHS IN JOHOR PO 19 O Suzaimahanim1, YS Chin2 1Pejabat Kesihatan Darah Johor Bahru 2 Universiti Putra Malaysia INTRODUCTION: Malaysian children are experiencing a triple burden of malnutrition and factors associated with body weight status among young children are still inconsistent in local context. The objective of this study was to identify the association between socio demographic, maternal characteristics, parental feeding practice and parenting style with body weight status among young children aged 6-36 months in Johor. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 175 pairs of mother and children aged six to 36 months. A self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain information on socio-demographic background, maternal factors, parental feeding practice and parenting styles factors. RESULTS: Majority of the mothers aged 30-39 years old, (59.4%), Malay (89.7%), tertiary and others education (42.6%), working (54.9%), and B40 household income (76.0%). 51.4% of the mothers were overweight and obese. The average BMI of the mothers in this study was 25.67±4.93 kg/m2 which is in the overweight category. The prevalence of overweight/obesity among the young children was 5.7%, 12.0% was underweight and 17.1% was stunting. In this study, there were a significant association between birth weight (r=0.164, p=0.03), Birth height (r=0.182, p=0.016), Modelling (r=-0.152, p=0.045) with body weight status (BMI for age). DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: Further investigations are necessary to better understand the relationship between maternal and child factors with nutritional status of young children. These findings may be helpful for health professionals to educate mothers to promote healthy eating and lifestyle among their children.

POSITION OF MANDIBULAR LINGULA EVALUATED USING ORTHOPANTOMOGRAM: COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT SKELETAL PATTERNS AND ASYMMETRICAL MANDIBLE PO 20 NLM Mohamad Johar1, NA Zainal1 1Hospital Sultanah Aminah, Johor Bahru, Malaysia INTRODUCTION: In almost every center, orthopantomogram (OPG) is a standard imaging modality used in patients scheduled for orthodontic treatment. The purpose of this research is to analyse the anatomic location differences of Li and provide morphometric data for the normal range of location considering aspects such as skeletal patterns Class I, II, III, facial symmetry, sides of mandible and gender in Malaysian adult population using the OPG. METHODS: A total of 106 OPG with Class I (male=13, female=13), Class II (male=13, female=10) Class III (male=9, female=11) and asymmetrical mandible (male=18, female=19) selected. Distance from Li to occlusal plane (Li-OP), anterior border of ramus (Li-A), posterior border of ramus (Li-B) and mandibular notch (Li-N) were measured. The comparisons of gender, sides of mandible, skeletal patterns and facial symmetry were then evaluated by statistical analysis. RESULTS: Only distance of (Li-OP) in both right and left sides of mandible in both types of facial asymmetry show significance difference. There were no significant difference in distances of Li from all the landmarks in both sides of mandible of Class I, II, III and gender. Post-hoc test shows, significant difference between (Li-OP) comparing symmetrical face with right and left facial asymmetry regardless of their skeletal pattern (P<0.05). DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: Li is located higher from occlusal plane on the opposite side of the facial asymmetry. The anatomic data may intend to contribute guide for maxillofacial surgeons to identify and preserve vital structure, performing a safe surgical procedure in mandibular ramus thus preventing complications.

FACTORS INFLUENCING AWARENESS OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH (OSH) AMONG STAFF UNDER THE ASSISTANT MEDICAL OFFICER (AMO) SUPERVISORY UNIT, IN PUBLIC HEALTH SECTORS, BATU PAHAT PO 21 MM Mohd Noor1, MA Musa1, S Mohamad1, M Ahmad1. 1Surgical Unit, HSNI. 2Satellite CRC, HSNI. 3Hospital Supervision Department, HSNI INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between knowledge, attitude, and training towards occupational safety and health awareness. Understanding this dynamic is crucial for devising effective strategies to enhance workplace safety and mitigate accidents. Workplace safety remains a paramount concern for organizations globally, with a profound impact on employee well-being, productivity, and organizational performance. However, despite advancements in safety protocols and regulations, accidents continue to occur, underscoring the need for a deeper understanding of the factors that contribute to safety awareness. METHODS: Research design used a questionnaire with a random sampling method involving 120 respondents. By synthesizing existing literature, a conceptual model is proposed to elucidate how these variables interplay and influence the level of safety and health awareness among employees. RESULTS: Correlation and regression analyses reveal significant positive associations between attitudes (mean = 4.51, SD = 0.805), training (mean = 4.18, SD = 0.97), and the level of occupational safety and health awareness. Meanwhile, knowledge also shows significant result towards awareness. (mean = 4.21, SD = 0.902). Attitudes emerge as the most influential predictor of awareness, suggesting that fostering positive attitudes toward safety is crucial for enhancing workplace safety culture. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: The findings underscore the pivotal role of attitudes in shaping employees' awareness of occupational safety and health. Cultivating positive attitudes and providing comprehensive training programs are imperative steps toward instilling a culture of safety within organizations. Moreover, these insights offer actionable pathways for organizations to bolster workplace safety practices and reduce the incidence of accidents, ultimately safeguarding employee well-being and organizational success.

LIPID PROFILE AS A POTENTIAL BIOCHEMICAL MARKER ASSOCIATED WITH ORGANOPHOSPHATE EXPOSURE PO 22 F Ab Hadi1, DNS Md Hussin1, Y Muhamad1 1Biochemistry Unit, Disease Section, Johor Bahru Public Health Laboratory, Johor, Malaysia INTRODUCTION: Changes in cholinesterase activity due to organophosphate pesticides (OPPS) exposure have been associated with obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. OPPs are major chemicals used in fogging operations to control dengue outbreaks. OPPS are highly lipophilic and once they are stored in body fat after exposure, they can easily spread to the whole body through repeated low-dose exposure, resulting in systemic toxicity The elevated levels of OPPS are associated with raised serum lipids which is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. METHODS: 160 serum samples of vector operators who were exposed to OPPS and staffs that were not exposed to OPPS were chosen by random sampling. The samples were analysed for Lipid profiles using Automated Chemistry Analyser Beckman Coulter AU480. Data analysis includes linear regression and paired t-test. RESULTS: Result has indicated statistically significant correlation between Total Cholesterol and Triglycerides among vectors with organophosphate exposure (p<0.05). There is also a significant difference in Triglycerides levels between vector operators who were exposed to OPPS and staffs that were not exposed to OPPS. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: OPPS are highly lipophilic and can easily be absorbed into the skin, gastrointestinal tract, and respiratory system. This causes an accumulation of organophosphate compounds as body fat, resulting in repeated exposure to low-dose toxicity. We can infer that lipid profile can serve as potential biomarker for predicting the severity of OPPS exposure in vector operators with larger sample size and related variables. This study provides valuable insight into chemical occupational and incident of cardiovascular diseases in future.

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TELEDENTISTRY AS ADJUNCT TO NON-SURGICAL PERIODONTAL THERAPY ON PERIODONTAL HEALTH AND HBA1C AMONG UNCONTROLLED T2DM PATIENTS AT KK BAKRI PO 23 S A Aziz1, H Arshad1, S Chin1, S Sudin1, SZ Muharam1, A Hamdan1, DS Wei1, NS Abdul Halim1, A Piriya1, R Khamis1 INTRODUCTION: There is a clear bidirectional relationship between periodontitis and diabetes mellitus. Clinical trial has proven that elimination of periodontal infection by non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) showed improved periodontal inflammation and significantly reduced HbA1c. With increased use of teledentistry, this study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of teledentistry as an adjunct for holistic management of uncontrolled diabetes patients with periodontitis. The objective of this study is to determine the effect of teledentistry with collaborative approach for periodontitis patients with uncontrolled T2DM. METHODS: A quasi-experimental study done among 32 uncontrolled diabetic patients in Klinik Kesihatan Bakri with periodontitis. They were separated into a group with periodontal intervention and another group with additional teledentistry. RESULTS: A total of 32 samples divided into control (20) and intervention (12) groups. Both groups showed better improvement in HbA1c (Control: 37.5%, Intervention: 28.1%), pocket depth (Control: 53.1%, Intervention 37.5%), gingival index (Control: 53.2%, Intervention: 28.1%), plaque index (Control: 50.0%, Intervention: 25.0%) in 3 months’ reassessment compared to 6 months’ reassessment. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: Following the increasing interest in teledentistry due to Covid-19 pandemic, our research found that there is no significant effect on teledentistry as an adjunct to NSPT in diabetic patients with periodontitis. However, in general, all aspect of clinical parameters showed improvement. Therefore, this shows that there is potential for teledentistry in the future but implementation method may require further research.

ONSET OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE AMONG PATIENTS WITH HYPERTENSION IN PRIMARY CARE: A 10-YEAR RETROSPECTIVE COHORT IN KLUANG PO 24 SS Chin1, MAS Tariq Ejaz Siddiqui1, MH Ab Samad1, R Mohamad1, Z Ahmad1, F Hassan1 1Klinik Kesihatan Maharani, Muar, Johor 2Klinik Kesihatan Rembau, Rembau, Negeri Sembilan 3Klinik Kesihatan Paloh, Kluang, Johor 4Klinik Kesihatan Simpang Renggam, Kluang, Johor 5Klinik Kesihatan Mengkibol, Kluang, Johor INTRODUCTION: Hypertension is a known risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD) with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) reported to decline faster in patients with hypertension. This study aimed to examine factors associated with CKD onset over 10 years among patients with hypertension at primary care level in Kluang, Johor. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in all eight public health clinics in Kluang district, and included 392 patients with hypertension on treatment from 2013 to 2023. Data was obtained from patients’ medical records, and logistic regression analysis performed to determine the factors associated with new-onset CKD in patients with hypertension. RESULTS: Findings showed that 11.7% of patients developed CKD at the end of 10 years, with an annual incidence rate of 1.1%. An older age (adj OR 1.086, 95% CI 1.037 – 1.138), presence of diabetes (adj OR 3.737, 95% CI 1.634 – 8.547) and a lower baseline eGFR (adj OR 0.954, 95% CI 0.928 – 0.981) were significantly associated with development of new-onset CKD among patients with hypertension in primary care clinics in Kluang. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: Strict blood pressure control and rigorous monitoring for CKD should be intensified in patients with hypertension who are at higher risk for development of CKD including patients who are older, with underlying diabetes or a lower baseline eGFR.

RESILIENCE AMONG NURSE LEADERS’ IN PUBLIC HOSPITAL: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY PO 25 D Azlina1, A Norlin1, MS Zaiton1 1Hospital Pakar Sultanah Fatimah, Muar INTRODUCTION: Nurse leaders play an indispensable role in discovering ways to maintain a resilient nurse workforce and enhance nurse performance. The aims of the study are to determine the relationship between demographics and resilience. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional online survey was a self-administered questionnaire that was adapted from a previous study of the Resilience Scale (RS-14) on a Likert scale. A universal sampling technique was selected for all the nurse leaders who have used their leadership skills to improve patient care and foster healthy work environments for healthcare workers (N = 110). The data were analysed using IBM SPSS. RESULTS: The finding shows that the socio-demographic background is not significantly associated with being a resilience leader (RS-14), with P = > 0.05. This study was shows that the comparison of resilience among nurse leaders with adequate and inadequate time was significantly with P = 0.033, to develop teamwork and build meaningful relationships. There is showed mean resilience score among nurse’s leaders at different Hospitals was found to be significantly (P= 0.023). DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: Creating a healthy work environment is often difficult as nurse leadership responds to organizational expectations. This study showed that to achieve resilience as nurse leaders, it is not from a demographic background. To achieve excellent leadership, nurse leaders need to have high resilience with their responsibilities. Without these inner strengths, nurses may experience negative feelings such as burnout and depression.