COVALENT BOND

CHEMISTRY FORM 4
LESSON 14 (PART II):

CHAP 5.3 COVALENT
BOND

Prepared By Mr Balton Lai

5.3 COVALENT BONDS: FORMED WHEN NON-

METAL ATOMS _SH_A_R_E_ ELECTRONS TO ACHIEVE _ST_A_B_LE_

(OCTET OR DUPLET) ELECTRON ARRANGEMENT.

1. Usually formed between non-m__e_t_a_l atoms which are from Group 14,15,16 and

17.

2. Compound that is formed through covalent bonding : __C_o_v_a__le_n_t_ compound.

3. 3 types of covalent bonds: Covalent
bond Video
aa.. _S_in__g_le__b_o__n_ds
bb.. _D_o_u__b_le__b_o__nds
cc.. T__r_ip__le__b_o_n__ds

A. SINGLE BOND

1. Is formed when a pair of electrons is _S_h__a_re between 2 atoms.

2. Example: hydrogen molecule,H2

3. Lewis structure( shows only the valence electrons of atoms involved in the bonding:

B. DOUBLE BOND

1. Is formed when __t_w_o__ pairs of electrons are shared between
2 atoms.

2. Example: oxygen molecule, O2

C. TRIPLE BOND

1. Is formed when __t_hr_e_e_ pairs of electrons are shared
between 2 atoms.

2. Example: nitrogen molecule, N2

Paper 2 Essay • Describe formation of water. [10 marks]
Question (1) :



Paper 2 Essay • Describe formation of carbon dioxide. [10
Question (2) : marks]



State three differences between
Ionic and Covalent bonds:

Ionic Bond Covalent Bond

Compare the characteristics for the
formation of ionic and covalent bonds:

Metals atom and Valence electrons
non-metal atoms.
Electron sharing to achieve
Ions stable electron arrangement.

Molecules