SSF1033 MALAYSIAN SOCIAL HISTORY

FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES

PROGRAM ANTHROPOLOGY AND SOCIOLOGY (UW6312001)

SSF 1033 MALAYSIAN SOCIAL HISTORY

LECTURER: DR. ADIBAH BINTI HAJI YUSUF

STUDENTS NAME MATRIC NUMBER
LIM ZHEN YAN 84336
THEN SUK SING 85911
86310
ATILLA TENING TUP 85719
SITI ATIRAH BINTI KHALID 84138
JESSICA YAM ANAK SANGAU 83651
DEFFNEY RIRAK ANAK WILSON 87149
ANNASIA EMYLDA SANGKAN ANAK ENDAWIE

TABLE OF
CONTENTS

Learning Unit Lectures Name

Learning Unit 1 History and Social History
Learning Unit 2 The Uses of History
Learning Unit 3
Learning Unit 4 Official VS Missing History
Learning Unit 5 Pre-History
Learning Unit 6
Learning Unit 7 Ancient History
Learning Unit 8 Trade and Its Consequences
Learning Unit 9 Creation of Modern SE Asia
Learning Unit 10 Population, Immigrants and Identity
Learning Unit 11
Learning Unit 12 Orang Asli
Learning Unit 13 Malaysian Women’s Movement
Politics of The Left / Labour Movement

Secret Societies
Malaysian Students Movement

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Course synopsis

This course explores the social, political, economic
and cultural transformation of Malaysia and its
impact upon the lives of ordinary peoples as it has
occured from pre-history to the present. Taking a
social science approach, it shall discuss both the

dominant (stereotypical) and alternative
interpretations of Malaysian Social History and in
the process illuminate how history-making occurs
and what memory is preserved in society, and why.

Through this approach, we hope to explain how
history and history- making affects the formation of
a Malaysian social identity, the forging of a nation-
state and the decisions that ultimately influence the
on-going processes of social change and development.

Thus, to this end, some key themes of Malaysian
Social History shall also be explored, but not
necessarily in a chronological order.

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Learning Unit 1
History and Social History

Concept : Study of human beings, first
hominids, and primates just
like chimps. (Jarus,2014).

Example: We learn the culture, human
language, societies, and
behavior as a consumer.

Concept : Something that has been
legitimately presented before
a tribunal in order to
determine the truth of an
issue.

Example: Damian can witness,
encounter read about, or hear
and makes him believe it.

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Concept : Either theYhistorical research

techniques, guiding concepts,
or the writing output.
Example: Historical writing in the West
has its roots in the Hebrew
Bible (Old Testament), much
as historical writing in China
has its roots in the dynasty
histories.

Concept : A history that focuses on a
people's social, economic,
and cultural institutions.

Example: It explains her function as an
interesting footnote in British
social history.

Concept : A field of study that examines
how human society functions,
including its institutions and
individual members'
interpersonal interactions with
each other.

Example: A variety of distinct fields.

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Learning Unit 2
The Uses of History

Concept : A single perspective upon
anything.

Example: Each level of the legal system
is prejudiced against women.

Concept : The basic norms of a society.
Example: The Malay group has a

tradition of shaving the
baby's hair while the Chinese
community has a New Year's
celebration.

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Concept: A person who researches about
the past.

Example: The study of all of history
throughout time and the ongoing,
meticulous narration of previous
event as they relate to the human
race are among the interests of
researchers.

Concept : Whether it is a study of the past
or something that came out of
our efforts to comprehend the
past.

Example: The two teams have historically
been at odds with one another.

Concept : Events that occurred previously.
Example: They needed to put their

memories behind them and
move on.

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Learning Unit 3
Official VS Missing History

Concept : Successfully bring about or reach (a desired objective or
result) by effort, skill, or courage.

Example: Since Galdot put a lot of effort on her academic studies now
she gained a lot of achievement.

Concept : The art of representing three-dimensional objects on a two-
dimensional surface so as to give the right impression of
their height, width, depth, and position in relation to each other.

Example: Every person in this wide world have a different perspective in
every term what they think about the important of exercise.
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Concept : A person who carries out academic or scientific research.
Example: However if you are paying reseacher for you documentary, it

will be more costs rather than we go for our own.

Concept : Very strong and firmly fixed.
Example: Him is rooted to his chair. He now lived at Subang Jaya since

his job place tranfers to the new location.

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Learning Unit 4
Pre-History

Concept : A select group that is superior in terms of ability or qualities
to the rest of a group or society.

Example: Once upon a time elite people is a person who wrote about the
history.

Concept : A basic structure underlying a system, concept, or text.
Example: Framework is very influences people especially the book that

provides general frameworks understanding about politic.
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Concept : Relating to the body as opposed to the mind.
Example: Person who want to join a athlete club should a strong stamina

and pyhsical.

Concept : An area of land under the jurisdiction of a ruler or state.
Example: Nobody is remains European territory outside of the law.

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Learning Unit 5
Ancient History

Concept : Something from the past
dismissed as no longer important
or relevant to the present.

Example: India had built monuments in
Southeast Asia during an ancient
time such as Borobudur Temple
in Indonesia.

Concept : An object made by a human
being, typically one of cultural or
historical interest.

Example: The ancient artefact of India
during ancient history, found at
the Bujang Valley site, in Kedah,
Northern Malaysia.

Concept : The state or position of being a
king.

Example: Through its iconography, Mr
Wilkinson examines ancient
Egypt’s remarkably durable
the ideology of kingship.

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Concept : An ancient Indo-European
language of India, in which the
Hindu scriptures and classical
Indian epic poems are written and
from which many northern Indian
(Indic) languages are derived.

Example: The expansion of an organized
culture that was founded upon the
Indian concept of royalty,
characterized by Hinduist or
Buddhist cults, and expressed in
Sanskrit language (Coedes 1968).

Concept : A place where people come to
worship, usually because of a
connection with a holy person or a
mysterious religious event or
object.

Example: One of the India shrines in
Malaysia is Batu Caves Temple
and the most popular among all
outside India-Hindu temples.

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Learning Unit 6

Trade and Its Consequences

Concept : An economic system in which
private individuals or businesses
own capital goods.

Example: Capitalism has brought about
divergence in understanding over
rights and obligations over how
business is conducted.

Concept : Means ownership of more than a
de minimis legal or equitable
interest. Except for situations in
which the judge participates in the
management of such a legal or
equitable interest, or the interest
could be substantially affected by
the outcome of a proceeding
before a judge.

Example: For trade to flourish, contracts and
alliances built on mutual economic
interests (either long or short-term)
required.

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Concept : The ability or capacity to do
something or act in a particular
way.

Example: Fall of Malacca is the reason of
the rise of Portugese power in
Southeast Asia but Portugese
economic and political power in
the region not complete and
constantly challenged by Aceh,
Spanish, Dutch, Brunei, Sulu,
Johor, Kedah and the Bugis
mini-kingdoms.

Concept : The action of buying and selling
goods and services.

Example: Netherlands and British get
involved in global maritime trade
– to circumvent Venice and
Genoa; to overthrow Portuguese
and Dutch control over trade and
resources.

Concept : Enables your enterprise to link
with other companies (buyers,
suppliers, strategic partners) and
marketplaces to form a business-
to-business network.

Example: Aceh’s control of trade also
threatened trading networks of
ex-Malacca elite in Johor.

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Learning Unit 7
Creation of Modern SE Asia

Concept : A relationship in which one party uses power to gain at the
expense of another.

Example: Exploitation happens through a claims-making process.
Legal and cultural institutions steer which groups are
exploited and block or facilitate exploitation.

Concept : The voluntary or involuntary movement of people to a new
country in which they intend to settle for an extended period
of time.

Example: Malaysia is known as a country with a broad immigration
policy which in reflected in Malaysia’s ethnic diversity.
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Concept : Refers to the domination and control of a weak state by a military,

economic, political and culturally strong state.
Example: Strong states establish imperialism for economic prosperity. At

present America, China, India are establishing imperialism for
economic prosperity.

Concept : Refers to the emergence, during the transition from a pre-industrial

to an industrial society, of modern economic growth.

Example: The National 4IR Policy is aligned with DSTIN 2021-2030, that
aims to develop Malaysia as a high-tech nation by 2030.

Concept : An ideology that stresses allegiance to one’s nation as a major
political virtue and national preservation and self-determination as
prime political imperatives.

Example: Malay nasionalism refers to the nationalism that focused
overwhelmingly on the Malay anticolonial struggle.

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Learning Unit 8
Population, Immigrants and Identity

Concept : The extent in which members of an entity, such as a group
or organization, differ from one another.

Example: Diversity in attributes, such as nationality, culture, education,
ability, religion, goals, and many others is gaining attention.

Concept : Refers to the identification of a group based on a perceived
cultural distinctiveness that makes the group into a “people.”

Example: The majority of Malaysians are Malays. Almost all of them
are Muslim, which explains why the ethnicity is commonly
referred to as ‘Muslim Malay’.
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Concept : Plural societies have been a subject of analysis since Furnivall
introduces term.

Example: Basically, a society is plural when there exist difference in
ethnicity, language, race, caste, assumed blood ties, customs
or territory.

Concept : The human species is divided into distinct groups on the basis
of inherited physical and behavioral differences.

Example: The largest group of Malaysians consist of three main races,
namely the Malays, Chinese and Indians.

Concept : A notional form of human social organization based on a set
of smaller groups.

Example: The first people to live in Malaysia were indigenous tribes that
still remain; they were followed by the Malays, who
moved there from mainland Asia in ancient times.
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Learning Unit 9
Orang asli

Concept : A person who is born in the
immediate family of family or
those who become descendants
through adoption can be called
descendants.

Example: A person’s children,
grandchildren and great-
grandchildren are all descendants
of that person.

from mainland Asia in
ancient times.
Concept : A smaller group that has a

collection of elements and
specialties that difference from
others group in the importance
aspects and special areas.
Example: The heterogeneous group has
difference socioeconomic
backgrounds, values, work
experience, education and arts.

from mainland Asia in
ancient times.

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Concept : A piece of land ruled by a king
or queen and can inherit that
dominion by birth or marriage
over the royal family.

Example: A large kingdom such as ruled
across five continents from
London, England, while
smaller kingdoms such as the
Delaware, USA and Kingdom
of Brunei.

Concept : Origin applies to the action of
something before it came into
being in order to ultimately
produce that thing or person.

Example: If a piece of furniture is made
in France, then France is the
point of origin of that furniture.

Concept : Slaves were specified persons
who were socially or legally
designated as property during
the legal era of slavery and they
don’t have the right to choose
their work or receive payment.

Example: Slaves were used to serve the
wealthy and for larger social
services such as building road
and the architecture.

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Learning Unit 10
Malaysian WoMen’s MoveMent

Concept : A systematic stereotyping of
and discrimination against
people because they are old, just
as racism and sexism accomplish
this with skin color and gender.

Example: Today, age discrimination in
the workplace is already an
unfortunate reality in Malaysia’s
global jobs landscape.

Concept : Gender equality is not equality
of outcomes for men and women,
but rather equality in the
determinants of these outcomes
that is, equality in opportunities or
resources, rights and voice.

Example: Although Malaysia may have
achieved gender parity in some
areas such as life expectancy and
enrolment in secondary and tertiary
education, Malaysia is still far
behind in other key areas including
literacy rates, economic and
political participation.

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Concept : Male domination and to the power
relationships by which men
dominate women.

Example: Malaysia is still considered as a
patriarchal society and these
patriarchal cultural practices have
significantly influenced the
society’s moral values and social
structure as documented in the
histories and ethnographic
character of Malaysia.

Concept : Differences in social class strongly
affected the way people thought
about others.

Example: Working class looked at upper-
class citizens as not doing real
work, such as making products with
their own hands. Upper-class and
middle-class members viewed the
working class as crude, uneducated,
and toiling in unpleasant work
conditions.

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Learning Unit 11
Politics of The Left / Labour Movement

Concept : The monarch possesses total power
over the land and its inhabitants,
and there is no authority or body of
law above the monarch.

Example: Malaysia is a country that practises
a constitutional and not an absolute
monarchy.

Concept : The glass ceiling refers as “ a
transparent barrier that (keeps)
women from rising above a certain
level in corporations.”

Example: Although women in Malaysia now
represent 44.5% of the working
population and are just as
academically qualified as men, they
are grossly under-represented at the
senior management positions.

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Concept : The term left wing originated with
the seating arrangement of the
French National Assembly of
1791. Anyone who opposed the
monarchy, or old order, was
regarded as a member of the Left.

Example: The action of Parti Pribumi
Bersatu Malaysia (Bersatu) to
leave Pakatan Harapan (PH) on 24
February 2020 was because they
were not happy with the left-wing
ideology championed by the
ruling party at the time.

Concept : The term right wing originated
with the seating arrangement of
the French National Assembly of
1791. The Right, representing
aristocratic, royalist and clerical
interests, supported the monarchy.

Example: The top leadership of UMNO was
asked not to pay more attention to
any right-wing political group that
claims to fight more for the
interests of the Malays.

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Learning Unit 12
Secret Societies

Concept : A group of people who are
united by kinship and blood.
Their founder or ancestors will
prescribed some symbols or
badges to symbolize the unity
of their clan.

Example: Clans are allow to marry their
members to each other in order
to keep their community
organized more centrally.

Delaware, USA and Kingdom
of Brunei.

Concept : The deliberate implementation
of some behaviors that are
considered to be harmful and
dangerous to the society and
will.

Example: The most common crimes are
divided into two categories. The
first is a felony and the second
is a misdemeanor.

26

Concept : Kongsi is a word from Chinese,
which means similar to modern
business partnerships, the
operating kongsi can develop
and prosper to a greater extent.

Example: Corporate institutions are used
to overcome economic hardship,
social exclusion and oppression.

Concept : Referred to the truth that
religion bring to us. It is an
incorporeal element that
focuses matters with vigour
and meaning of the life.

Example: The people’s concentrated
protests that broke out in China
are the mental breakdown of
the peoples caused by the
country’s excessively high-
intensity pandemic prevention
measures.

Concept : A topic of social concern, it is a
major ambiguity between
destruction and it will causes the
physical and psychological harm
to others.

Example: Violence is include the certain
forms of crime, rude behavior
and discrimination involving
socio-political concerns.

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Learning Unit 13
Malaysian Students Movement

Concept : The action or process of showing
the existence or truth of
something by giving proof or
evidence.

Example: The students of the University of
Malaya joined the protest and
staged a demonstration outside
the Soviet Embassy in Kuala
Lumpur.

Concept : A process by which qualified
individuals choose a candidate or
set of candidates to represent them
in office.

Example: General elections were held in
Malaysia on Saturday, 10 May
1969, although voting was
postponed until between 6 June and
4 July 1970 in Sabah and Sarawak.

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Concept : The political system by which a
country or community is
administered and regulated.

Example: The Government of Malaysia,
officially the Federal Government
of Malaysia, is based in the
Federal Territory of Putrajaya
with the exception of the
legislative branch, which is
located in Kuala Lumpur.

Concept : The struggle of students in
defense of their interests and their
participation in political struggle
in general.

Example: The largest student movement in
Malaysia is the Student
Solidarity of Malaysia. This is a
coalition of various student
organisations that actively
campaigns against the UUCA but
takes up other issues as well.

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