Project Final IML651 - Traditional Games in Malaysia

Sabung Ayam

Sabung ayam is a violent sport in which two roosters battle against each other in an arena.
Because there are so many different forms of gambling, some governments have outlawed
them, particularly in the secular realm. Because of the event's brutality, some animal rights
activists have urged for its abolition. At some time, the roosters will be injured as a
consequence of a struggle.

History

During the Gawai Dayak season, one of the traditional villages Iban activities is the cockfight,
also known as Nyabong. A referee will be selected, and basic criteria will be set. The cockfight
has been a well-known ancient Iban community rite for a long time. Despite this, they identify
similar features, such as chicken feathers, and patterns that lead to the finding. In spite of this,
they identify close features, such as chicken feather, and patterns that bring them luck and
ultimately success.

How to play

1. Choose which rooster will go first. The chosen rooster will get individual warm-up.
2. Equip the rooster with a weapon (3 inches knife). You will not be able to equip a

weapon if you are in a prohibited event.

3. In the arena, place an armed rooster. The warm-up rooster draws the opponent's
attention. Its instincts drive it to begin fighting as fiercely as it can.

4. The combat is over if the opposing rooster injures the playing rooster significantly.

Rules

1. While rules vary by province, here's an overview of how it works in general. Aside from
bragging rights and monetary rewards, the winner of sabung ayam gets to eat the dead
cock.

2. When one of the fighters dies or is unable to peck at his opponent while the referee
keeps the two contestants face to face, the sabung ayam cockfighting is over.

3. Sabung ayam has a ten-minute time limit, although it is usually over fast.

Equipment needed

1. Place suitable to become arena
2. Roosters

LAYANG-
LAYANG

Layang-layang

Layang-layang is a paper toy with a frame that is flown into the air by a string or thread. In
English, layang-layang are also known as kites. This name is taken from the name of a
magnificent bird of prey that flies with gentle flaps of its wings. This game is quite popular in
many countries other than Malaysia. Layang-layang can be a hobby to many people nowadays
during their free time and also competitions were held for this traditional game.

History

The oldest references to kite flying are found in documents from China about 2500 BC. Around
the turn of the century, the discovery of a cave artwork portraying humans flying kites on Muna
Island, Southeast Sulawesi, aroused speculation about a larger kite-flying past than that of the
archipelago. The first reference of kites in the archipelago appears in the 17th century Malay
History (Sulalatus Salatin), when a royal dignitary attends a kite festival.

How to play

1. Let go of the rope while still holding the kite's halter end. Your kite will take off if there
is enough wind.

2. Allow the kite to fly away from you for a few seconds before drawing in on the rope as
the kite points up to ascend.

3. Keep going until your kite is at the proper height for a continuous breeze.

Rules

1. Typically, two people fly the kite: one handles the kite and the other is the porter, who
holds the line.

2. When the wind blows, the rope is stretched and pulled against the stream of the wind
until the kite achieves a high altitude.

Equipment needed

1. Kite
2. A string
3. A wide area to play

BOLA
BERACUN

Bola Beracun

One of the traditional games in which everyone, male and female, takes part. The court will
be built by painting lines with wood on the ground and making a square shape. This game
needs a large playing space. This game will be played by two groups, group A and group B.
The number of participants is not fixed, and many more are willing to participate.

History

The roots of the game have yet to be confirmed or published in any other magazine or journal.
As a result, pinpointing the primary source of the game is challenging. The basis of bola
beracun can be similar to dodgeball which originally played in Africa over two hundred years
ago, but instead of the fun, jocular game that it is today, it was in fact a deadly game instead
of soft rubber balls, the game was played with big rocks or putrefied materials, and it was used
as a severe work out for the tribes, with each participant aiming to hit their opponent with the
rock in order to hurt or incapacitate them.

How to play

1. There are two distinct groups of participants. The first group assumes the role of the
attacker, while the second group assumes the position of the victim.

2. The first group forms a large circle around which the second group is surrounded. The
first group will toss the ball at the victim (second group). If the ball strikes the victim,
he or she is pronounced dead and removed from the circle.

3. The game continues until all of the victims have been poisoned properly. The roles of
the first and second groups are then switched.

4. The game is ended when both parties agree to stop playing.

Rules

1. If the victim is struck by the ball, he or she is declared dead and removed from the
circle.

2. The game continues until the poisoned ball has thrown all of the victims.
3. The first and second groups' duties are then exchanged.
4. The game is ended when both parties agree to stop playing
5. The ball may only be thrown down from waist height.
6. There is no kicking, bouncing, or rolling of the ball allowed.
7. The circle's participants are not permitted to exit the huge circle they have formed.
8. The only option to avoid the ball is to shift your weight to the left or right.

Equipment needed

1. A ball and wide area to play

KETINGTING

Ketingting

Ketingting is a traditional Malay cultural heritage game that is being played today. 'Buat Rumah
Batu,' 'Tinting,' and 'ciak Tingting' are other names for it. It is a children's game that is both
enjoyable and beneficial to the mental and physical development of the participants. This
game was popular among rural residents who wished to preserve their forefathers' customs.
Ketingting information may be found in a variety of locations, including books, museums, and
the internet. Knowing and comprehending the game's elements and, as a result, recognizing
ketingting Malay cultural heritage via societal resources all over the world.

History

According to historical evidence, the ketingting game started during the reign of the Roman
Empire. Ketingting was initially employed as a type of military training to develop physical
strength and endurance by Roman warriors. During training, soldiers may run while carrying
large bags, and a dependable technique can increase their foot agility and durability. Soldiers
who benefit from this training have a better chance of living longer lives. When Rom children
observe the training, they begin to replicate and modify the ketingting game by emulating the
training of their warriors. The warrior training method was transformed into a series of
enjoyable games for children.

How to Play

1. Players must take turns tossing "corps" into the "Home" box. The game will start with
the core player closest to the 'Home' line.

2. The participants will be standing at the start of the game.

3. The 'corps' must be placed first in box 1. The players will then keep leaping till he
reaches the starting point (jump on one leg for a single number and both legs for an
even number of squares).

4. A player must play the game until he is thrown into box 7 as a 'corps.'

5. At the end of the round, you must select 'Home.' 'Corps' will be hurled in any area
where they land. 'Home' players will be assigned to 'corps.' 'Home' can be customized
with a player pattern based on the preferences of the players.

Rules

The rules and limits of the game will make it simpler to play while also punishing the players.
If a player violates the rules, he or she will be punished or lose a turn. If the offense is severe,
players will be removed from the game. The general rules for the ketingting game are as
follows.

1. Players in the 'Corps' cannot be the same since they are difficult to distinguish.
2. During the game, 'Corps' may not fall outside the box on the lines of any parcel or the

parcel'Home' player.

3. Hand and foot players are not permitted to tread on the line or compartment when
jumping or taking the 'corps.'

4. A player has three options only when the 'Home' option is selected. If 'corps' or other
players' 'Homes' are put on the line when selecting a 'Home,' players are considered
'dead,' and the game is replayed from the beginning.

5. Players can jump in their own 'Home,' but not in other players' 'Homes,' and they must
avoid walking on any packages other than those belonging to the 'Home' player.

Equipment needed

1. Place suitable to become arena

GALAH
PANJANG

Galah Panjang

Galah panjang is a traditional game played on an underdeveloped ground court. Tennis is
made up of two columns and several rows, depending on the number of players. The size of
the ring is determined by the number of people that play long pole. Tennis, for example, has
four lines if there are ten players. If there are eight players, the tennis long pole has three lines.
The game necessitates the abilities of a leader or capital to guide movement on behalf of the
progeny of the control field. While in the ring, efficiency and speed were put to the test.

History

It's hard to determine where or who created this game. This is due to the game's length, which
began in 1960 and has now expanded to about Malaya. Not only is the game popular in
Malaya, but also in other Southeast Asian countries such as Brunei, Singapore, and Thailand.
The game, however, and how it is played, differ based on the community.

How to Play

1. A tennis long pole is sketched above the ground space. The number of players and
the painter line define the length and breadth. A long pole box, about 2 meters by 1.5
meters in size, is often utilized.

2. Once the decision has been decided, each group will execute the selection head. The
heads of these two organizations will vote on who cares and who owns the tennis
courts.

3. The court's in-charge group will keep the ring after the verdict, violating previously
established limitations. Chief will maintain the middle line and will be able to switch to
the front or back lines as needed.

4. A group attack will gather in front of the ring, and the next chief will shake hands with
the opponent's head. After that, run into the ring to finish their entrance.

5. Guardians will keep a safe distance away from the facer-protected line.

6. The facer will usually pass the line without being touched by the keeper ring and then
be turned back.

7. People who reach the finish line after the start line has ended are proclaimed winners.
And the game will continue until there are no more willing participants.

Rules

1. If a defender touches one of the attacking players, that player is taken from the
attacking team.

2. After crossing the line ring, the assaulting team member cannot withdraw; if he or she
dies, the teams are anticipated to switch.

3. The assaulting team is thought to be dead if there are players outside the field limits.

4. The attacking side wins if one of its players passes through all of the lines and returns
to the starting line. The game is restarted when the team is given one point.

5. The match will be declared won by the side with the most points.

Equipment needed

1. Place suitable to become arena
2. Chalk to draw the line to separate on the floor

HIDE AND
GO SEEK

Hide and Go seek

Hide-and-seek is a classic and famous children's game in which one person closes his or her
eyes for a short time (typically counting to 100) while the other players hide. Hide-and-seek,
sometimes known as hide-and-go-seek, is a game in which a group of players hide themselves
in the area to be discovered by a single seeker. In other regions, it is referred to as "main ibu,"
"main induk," "petak kumpet," or "aci sorok." The seeker immediately opens his eyes and
searches for the hiders; the first one found becomes the next seeker, and the last is the round's
winner. This is an example of an outdoor game. The seeker will use a tree or a tall rod to
locate other players who have remained hidden from him.

History

Hide and Go seek originated from the Greek game "apodidraskinda." Julius Pollux, a second-
century Greek writer, was the first to mention it. The game of apodidreskinda is the oldest
recorded form of hide-and-seek, and it was played just as it is today, with one person closing
their eyes and counting while the other players hide. The game is known as "44 Homes" in
some parts of Australia. The hiders remain hidden until they are discovered by the seeker,
who yells, "Forty, forty, I see you" (sometimes shortened to "Forty, forty, see you"). When the
hider is spotted, they must sprint to "home base" (where the chaser was counting while the
other players hid) and touch it before being "tipped" which is also called tagged, or touched
by the seeker. If touched, that hider becomes the new seeker. In Brazil and Russia, when the
seeker finds a hider, they both rush to the place where the seeker was originally counting;
whoever touches that spot first wins the game.

The Objective

1. To track down the players who were hidden elsewhere.

2. To spend our free time.

3. To create a positive relationship between friends and participants

How to Play

1. Before the game begins, each player will select one of them to be the seeker by voting.

2. The seeker will begin loudly counting from 1 to 100 or less.

3. After the seeker has completed the count, he or she will begin hunting for other players
who have hidden around the areas.

4. If the seeker detects one of the players, he or she must shout the player's name loudly,
followed by the word "ibu."

5. The seeker must sprint to the main house and touch it in order to prevent the found
players from touching it.

6. The hunter will continue to pursue other players until he has entirely located them.

7. After the seeker has found all of the participants and none of them have touched the
main house, the first identified player will be the new seeker.

ROCK-PAPER-
SCISSORS

Rock-Paper-
Scissors

The game of Rock-Paper-Scissors is used to settle disagreements between two people. The
game is typically taught to children to help them settle conflicts between themselves without
adult supervision. It is thought to be a game of chance that relies on blind luck comparable to
flipping coins or drawing straws. Therefore, the game can be a skill-based game that involves
rapid thinking and acute reasoning. The game is played with three possible hand signals: rock,
paper, and scissors. The rock is a closed fist; the paper is a flat hand with fingers and thumb
extended and palm down; and the scissors is a fist with the index and middle fingers fully
extended toward the other player.

History

The game was originally mentioned in the book Wuzazu [zh] by Chinese Ming-era writer Xie
Zhaozhi, who claimed that it originated during the Chinese Han dynasty. The game was
referred to as shoushiling in the novel. This game is also mentioned in Li Rihua's book Note
of Liuyanzhai, where it is referred to as shoushilin, huozhitou, or huaquan. Rock paper scissors
had spread outside East Asia by the early 20th century, due in large part to greater Japanese
connection with the west. Its English name is thus derived from a translation of the names of
the three Japanese hand gestures for rock, paper, and scissors: in other parts of East Asia,
the open-palm motion indicates "cloth" rather than "paper."

How to play

1. Form one hand into a first form. You must both move your fists up and down three
times while shouting "rock, paper, scissors" together (the fist coming down each time
a word is said). Do not come into contact with each other; this action is totally executed
up and down in the air in front of you.

2. On the third count, make a sign. You have three options for gestures, and which one
you choose is entirely up to you.

Rock: a close first

Paper: a flat, open hand

Scissors: index and middle finger extended

3. Determine if you won by smashing the rock, cutting the scissors, and covering the rock
with paper. The victors might show off their victory by "acting out" their gesture as if
you make scissors and the other person makes paper, you can close your fingers
around their flat hand to mimic scissors cutting paper). If you both make the identical
motion, it's a tie, and you must try again.

4. Play two out of three (two out of three). This is optional; however, the majority of players
like to play three rounds. Sometimes the loser of the first game will request "two out of
three" in order to have another chance to win.

CAPTEH

Capteh

Capteh is a historic game that demands remarkable agility and balance to hold a feathered
shuttlecock in the air as long as possible by kicking it up with the heel of the foot. It is a popular
game among Singaporean youngsters and is also well recognized abroad. Capteh is a lot like
playing sepak raga. A player must control the ball in the air before delivering it across the net
to their opponents, which is made of a rubber plate and feathers.

History of Capteh

This game is known as 'sepak yem' in some parts of Johor. It is extremely popular among
males in primary school. The equipment for this game is a set of four chicken feathers
produced by hand. A thick piece of paper or a piece of rubber measuring two inches in
diameter is scraped and fastened with a string of chicken feathers. The objective of the game
is to kick the chicken feathers as high as you can without falling to the ground.

How to play

The game will be played with an object known as a capteh, which is a rubber disc capped with
rooster feathers. The object of the game is to maintain the capteh in the air as long as possible
by kicking it up with the heel of the foot until it is lost or falls. Traditionally, capteh were
constructed from used tyre tubes and leftover feathers. The game should be played either solo
or in groups.

When playing in a small group, players are scored based on the number of kicks they make.
The players accept a winning total of kicks, and the first person in the group to achieve that
tally, or the player with the greatest group score, is declared the winner. To determine who
goes first, each player kicks the captain with their heel without putting their foot down. The
person who has the greatest score before the captain falls to the ground or their foot touches
the ground is the one who goes first. In the actual game, the player kicks the captain until he
misses or loses his footing. With each kick, the player is able to place his foot down.
Nevertheless, he is not permitted to touch the capteh with his hands.

When the game is played in groups, a circle is created to indicate the play area for each team.
Alternatively, the team can form a circle. The game is played in a circle, with the first allocated
player trying to maintain the capteh in the air until it lands within the loop. The count is then
continued by the next group member while playing in the circle. This step is repeated until all
team members have had a chance in the game. The winner is the one that scores the most
total kicks.

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