beram 2020

Crkva sv. Marije na Škrilinah pokraj Berma

Konzervatorsko-restauratorski radovi na oslikanom drvenom stropu

Church of St. Mary of the Rocks near Beram

Conservation of the painted wooden ceiling

Crkva sv. Marije na Škrilinah pokraj Berma

Konzervatorsko-restauratorski radovi na oslikanom drvenom stropu

Crkva sv. Marije na Škrilinah smještena je na uzvisini pokraj Analizom drvenog nosioca utvrđeno je da su nosive grede
groblja, sjeveroistočno od Berma. Sagrađena je u prvoj krovne konstrukcije od hrastova drva, dok su daske oslikanog
polovici 15. stoljeća kao jednobrodna građevina s pravo- stropa koje su za njih pričvršćene od jelovine. Pregledom
kutnim svetištem. Beramska je crkva poznata po najočuva- stanja stropa utvrđeno je da je drveni nosilac većinom oštećen
nijem ciklusu zidnih slika u Istri. Prizore živih boja, motiva djelovanjem vlage i insekata koji se hrane drvom, a oslikana
i kompozicije (scene iz marijanskog i kristološkoga ciklusa, površina zbog popuštanja veziva pulverizira i u sitnim česti-
sveci, Ples mrtvaca, Prvi grijeh, Kolo sreće i Poklonstvo cama otpada s drva. Poroznost i slaba vezanost slikanog
kraljeva) naslikali su 1474. godine pripadnici radionice sloja za podlogu nije dopuštala da se površinska nečistoća i
majstora Vincenta iz Kastva. Ples mrtvaca jedini je prizor s taninske mrlje uklone tekućim medijem nanošenim tampo-
takvim ikonografskim motivom u Hrvatskoj. nima vate, nego je u tu svrhu korišten kruti gel na vodenoj bazi.
Nakon čišćenja površine, slikani sloj je konsolidiran i fiksiran za
Oslikani drveni strop iznad broda crkve postavljen je u vri- nosilac sintetskom smolom rastopljenom u mineralnom ota-
jeme velike barokne obnove 1709. godine. Tad je u sve- palu. Daske stropa učvršćene su natapanjem drvenog nosioca
tištu postavljen novi oltar, djelo Mihovila Ladavca i Franje konsolidantom rastopljenim u mineralnom otapalu, čavli su
Golopa, a križno-rebrasti svod zamijenjen je stropom. Podi- zamijenjeni drvenim klinovima, a konstrukcija učvršćena ume-
gnut je zvonik na preslicu i dograđena lopica. tanjem novih drvenih elemenata. Retuš slikanog sloja ogra-
ničen je na povezivanje manjih oštećenja i prekida forme, gdje
Oslikanim stropom (56 m²) prekriven je cijeli brod crkve, je to nalagala potreba za uspostavom vizualne cjelovitosti.
a sastavljen je od 63 oslikane kvadratne kasete, od kojih
je središnja četverostruko veća od ostalih. Kasete su Prva polovica stropa (od glavnog ulaza do sredine lađe)
sastavljene od vanjskog četvrtastog polja i onog unu- demontirana je 2016., a radovi su dovršeni 2018. godine,
tarnjeg, orubljenog oktogonalnim reljefno profiliranim kad su restaurirane kasete ponovno montirane na izvorne
okvirom. U oktogonalnom polju središnje kasete naslikan pozicije. Iste je godine demontiran drugi dio stropa, a otvor
je prikaz Uznesenja Blažene Djevice Marije. U središte prema krovištu zatvoren je daskama prekrivenima folijom s
oktogonalnih polja svih manjih kaseta aplicirana je po fotografijom njegova oslika. Montažom restauriranih kaseta
jedna plastično oblikovana, pozlaćena pasiflora (Isusova druge polovice stropa na njihove izvorne pozicije (od sre-
kruna, lat. Passiflora), a kutovi su ukrašeni florealnim dine lađe do svetišta) 2020. godine, završena je jedna od
motivima kršćanske simbolike (ruže, tulipani, krizanteme, faza cjelovite obnove crkve sv. Marije na Škrilinah.
karanfili, narcisi, kruške, smokve, naranče, jabuke, kra-
stavci, tikvice, breskve, šljive, grožđe, datulje, dunje, Provedeni radovi su rezultat suradnje Uprave za zaštitu kul-
dudovi i šipci). Kutovi kaseta koje se nalaze uz stranice turne baštine Ministarstva kulture i medija RH i Hrvatskog
središnje kasete ukrašeni su kerubinima. Zbog slikarske restauratorskog zavoda u osmišljavanju, financiranju i izvo-
izvedbe i koncepcije pretpostavlja se da je isti autor đenju zahtjevnih konzervatorsko-restauratorskih radova
oslikao i tabulat u grobljanskoj crkvi sv. Petra i Pavla u na odabranim kulturnim dobrima od posebne važnosti za
Trvižu, datiran u 1703. godinu. baštinu Republike Hrvatske.



Church of St. Mary of the Rocks near Beram

Conservation of the painted wooden ceiling

The Church of St. Mary of the Rocks is located northeast from The analysis of the wooden support confirmed that the supporting
Beram on an elevation near the cemetery. It was built in the beams of the roof were made using oak, while the planks of the
first half of the 15th century as a single nave building with a painted ceiling were made out of fir. Inspection of the ceiling showed
rectangular sanctuary. The church is known for the best-pre- that the wooden support was damaged due to humidity and wood-
served series of wall paintings in Istria. Depictions with lively eating insects, while the painted surface was pulverized and flaking
colours, motifs, and compositions (scenes from the Mariolog- due to the deterioration of the binder. Porosity and poor adherence
ical and Christological cycle, saints, Dance of the Dead, The of the painted layer to the surface did not allow the removal of sur-
Original Sin, Wheel of Fortune and Adoration of the Magi) were face impurities and tannin stains with a liquid medium on cotton
painted in 1474 by painters from the workshop of Master Vin- swabs. Instead, a water-based solid gel was used. After the surface
cent from Kastav. Dance of the Dead is the only depiction of was cleaned, the painted layer was consolidated and fixed to the
this type in Croatia. support using synthetic resin dissolved in a mineral solvent. Ceiling
planks were reinforced by saturating the wooden support with a
The painted wooden ceiling above the nave was constructed consolidator dissolved in a mineral solvent, nails were replaced with
during the extensive Baroque renovation in 1709. At the time, a wooden pegs, and the construction was strengthened by inserting
new marble altar, the work of Mihovil Ladavac and Franjo Golop, new wooden elements. Retouching of the painted layer was limited
was also built in the sanctuary, and the cross-ribbed vault in the to connecting smaller damaged areas and breaks in form where
sanctuary was demolished and replaced with a ceiling. A bell there was a need for restoring visual integrity.
gable was built and an open porch was added.
The first half of the ceiling (from the main entrance to the centre
The painted ceiling (56 m2) covers the entire nave of the church of the nave) was disassembled in 2016, and the work was com-
with 63 painted square cassettes, and the central one is four pleted in 2018 when the restored cassettes were once again
times larger than the others. The cassettes have an outer square returned to their original positions. That same year, the second
field and an inner one framed by an octagonal moulded frame. part of the ceiling was removed, and the opening to the roof
The depiction of the Assumption of the Holy Virgin Mary is was closed with boards with a photograph of the painted ceiling.
painted in the octagonal field of the central cassette. The rest of When the restored cassettes were mounted in their original posi-
the smaller cassettes have a sculpted and gilded passion flower tion on the second half of the ceiling (from the middle of the nave
applique (the flower of Christ, Passiflora), and the corners are to the sanctuary) in 2020, one of the phases of the complete
decorated with floral Christian symbols (roses, tulips, chrysan- renovation of the church of St. Mary of the Rocks was finished.
themums, carnations, daffodils, pears, figs, oranges, apples,
cucumbers, squashes, peaches, plums, grapes, dates, quinces, The completed work on the church is the result of a cooperation
mulberries, and pomegranates). Cassette corners next to the between the Directorate for the Protection of Cultural Heritage
sides of the central one are decorated with cherubs. The painting of the Ministry of Culture and Media and the Croatian Conserva-
technique and concept suggest that the same author painted the tion Institute to organise, finance and perform demanding con-
wooden ceiling of the cemetery Church of St. Peter and Paul in servation on selected cultural goods of special importance for
Trviž from 1703. heritage of the Republic of Croatia.











Izdavač: Hrvatski restauratorski zavod, www.h-r-z.hr / Za izdavača: dr. sc. Tajana Pleše / Stručni tim: dr. sc. Krasanka Majer Jurišić, mr. umj.
Anđelko Pedišić; Veljko Bartol, Marta Budicin, Ana Dumbović, Marijana Fabečić, Davor Filipčić, Dragutin Furdi, Tomislav Jakopaš, Margareta
Klofutar, dr. sc. Domagoj Mudronja, Petra Orlić, Igor Oros, Lea Sović, Toni Šaina, Tea Trumbić; Robert Brdarić, Tanja Caren, Marko Čurković,
Maja Kamenar, Mladen Megyery, Ines Palčić, Ante Pereza, Maja Sučević Miklin / Tekst: mr. umj. Anđelko Pedišić / Lektura: Rosanda Tometić /
Prijevod: Nataša Đurđević / Fotografije: Jovan Kliska, Nikolina Oštarijaš, Goran Tomljenović, Natalija Vasić / Grafičko oblikovanje: Ljubo Gamulin /
Zagreb, listopad 2020.

Publisher: Croatian Conservation Institute, www.h-r-z.hr / For the publisher: Tajana Pleše, PhD / Expert team: Krasanka Majer Jurišić, PhD,
Anđelko Pedišić, MA; Veljko Bartol, Marta Budicin, Ana Dumbović, Marijana Fabečić, Davor Filipčić, Dragutin Furdi, Tomislav Jakopaš, Margareta
Klofutar, Domagoj Mudronja, PhD, Petra Orlić, Igor Oros, Lea Sović, Toni Šaina, Tea Trumbić; Robert Brdarić, Tanja Caren, Marko Čurković,
Maja Kamenar, Mladen Megyery, Ines Palčić, Ante Pereza, Maja Sučević Miklin / Text: Anđelko Pedišić, MA / Proofreading: Rosanda Tometić /
Translation: Nataša Đurđević / Photos: Jovan Kliska, Nikolina Oštarijaš, Goran Tomljenović, Natalija Vasić / Graphic design: Ljubo Gamulin /
Zagreb, October 2020