Classical Greek: A New Grammar

Classical Greek: A New Grammar

Greek grammar taught and explained, with examples

Index of contents
The numbers make reference to the numbered paragraphs, not to the pages.

Preface e) Numeral adjectives

ALPHABET AND WRITING [1] 1. Cardinals [62]
2. Ordinals [65]
a) The alphabet [2] 3. Multiplicatives [66]
b) Pronunciation of diphthongs and special [3]
[4] f) Comparative and superlative [67]
combinations [5] [68]
c) Iota subscript [6] 1. General observations [70]
d) Accents [7] 2. Accidence
e) Breathings 3. Syntax [73]
f) Elision, crasis and diaeresis [76]
g) Punctuation marks g) Pronouns [78]
[81]
THE NOMINAL SYSTEM 1. Demonstrative pronouns [82]
2. Personal pronouns [83]
a) Definition of basic grammatical concepts: 3. Possessive pronouns [84]
case, declension and gender 4. Reciprocal pronoun [87]
5. Anaphoric pronoun [88]
1. Concepts of syntactical function, endings and case [8] 6. Identity pronouns [89]
7. Reflexive pronouns [90]
2. Main syntactical functions and correspondence [10] 8. Interrogative pronoun [93]
to cases [12] 9. Other interrogative pronouns [101]
[13] 10. Relative pronoun
3. Concept of declension 11. Indefinite relative pronoun [106]
4. Concept of gender 12. Other indefinite pronouns [107]
13. Negative pronouns
b) The definite article [14] [109]
1. Accidence [15] h) Adverbs and prepositional adverbs [111]
2. Syntax [112]
1. General observations [113]
c) Declensions [19] 2. Modal adverbs [115]
[20] 3. Comparative and superlative of [116]
General observations [25] [117]
1. 1st declension [30] modal adverbs [120]
2. 2nd declension 4. Quantitative adverbs
3. 3rd declension [48] 5. Adverbs of time [122]
[49] 6. Adverbs of place [125]
d) Adjectives [52] 7. Interrogative adverbs
[56] 8. Indefinite adverbs
General observations [59] 9. Affirmative and negative adverbs
1. 1st class of adjectives [61] 10. Prepositional adverbs
2. 2nd class of adjectives
3. 3rd class of adjectives i) The correlatives
4. Irregular adjectives
5. Position of the adjective 1. Correlative adverbs
2. Correlative adjectives

THE VERBAL SYSTEM [131] SYNTAX OF CASES [216]
[132] [217]
a) General observations [133] a) Use of cases [218]
[135] [219]
1. The difficulty of Greek verbs [137] 1. General observations [224]
2. The tenses [138] 2. Nominative [228]
3. The moods [139] 3. Vocative
4. The voices [140] 4. Accusative [234]
5. Formation of tenses (all voices) 5. Genitive [235]
6. Formation of moods (all voices) [141] 6. Dative [243]
7. Types of verbs [148] [247]
8. Principal parts [155] b) Prepositions
[252]
b) Verbs in -w: vocalic verbs [167] 1. General observations [255]
[171] 2. Prepositions of one case
1. Non-contract verbs 3. Prepositions of two cases [259]
2. Study of augment and reduplication [174] 4. Prepositions of three cases [261]
3. Contract verbs [182] [263]
[185] c) Expressions of time and place
c) Verbs in -w: consonantal and liquid verbs [186] [265]
[189] 1. Expressions of time
1. Consonantal verbs 2. Expressions of place
2. Liquid verbs [191]
[192] d) Regime of verbs and adjectives
d) Verbs in -w: important phenomena
[202] 1. General observations
1. Strong tenses [204] 2. Verbs that rule genitive or dative
2. Deponent tenses 3. Adjectives followed by genitive or dative
3. A perfect with present meaning [211] 4. Appendix: Adjectives followed by
4. Other presents and perfects with swapped [212]
infinitive or participle
meanings [213]
5. Double tenses [213] SYNTAX OF CLAUSES [266]
[214] [267]
e) Verbs in -mi: observations and verbs with [214] a) Simple clauses [273]
reduplication [215] [277]
1. Describing real actions [280]
1. General observations 2. Expressing potential actions [284]
2. Verbs with reduplication in the present 3. Expressing commands and prohibitions
4. Expressing wishes [290]
f) Verbs in -mi: verbs with suffix -nu- and stem 5. Asking questions [294]
verbs 6. Impersonal verbs [296]
[300]
1. Verbs with suffix -nu- in the present b) Subordinate clauses [308]
2. Stem verbs: without reduplication and suffix [310]
1. The concept of oblique optative [316]
g) Overview of irregularities and 2. Causal clauses [326]
peculiar constructions 3. Purpose clauses [339]
4. Temporal clauses [344]
1. Previous notes 5. Concessive clauses [348]
2. List of verbs: forms and peculiar constructions 6. Result clauses [353]
7. Conditional clauses
h) Compound verbs 8. Relative clauses
9. Comparative clauses
1. General remarks 10. Fear clauses
2. Meaning of the preposition 11. Indefinite clauses
3. With or without preposition? 12. Proviso clauses
4. Regime of the verb
5. Main compound verbs

c) Infinitive clauses [355] ALIA [483]
[358] [483]
1. Which verbs use the infinitive and how? [361] a) Elementary rules for accentuation [484]
2. Which tense of infinitive? [362] [484]
3. Where there is no change of subject [364] 1. General remarks [485]
4. Infinitive with article [367] 2. Position of the accent [486]
5. Infinitive after verbs of negative idea [368] 3. Types of accent [488]
6. Infinitive absolute [369] 4. Position and kind of accent
7. Infinitive imperative 5. Changes in the accent [491]
8. Infinitive with a[n [372] 6. General tendencies [492]
[378] 7. Enclitics [493]
d) Participle clauses [384] [497]
[385] b) The dual [498]
1. Participle with article [390]
2. Participle without article [393] 1. General remarks [501]
3. The participle is impersonal [394] 2. The article [502]
4. The temporal correlation [399] 3. Declensions [503]
5. Verbs that usually require a participle [404] 4. Pronouns [504]
6. Adjectives that usually require a participle 5. Verbal forms [505]
7. Genitive absolute [411] [508]
8. Accusative absolute [412] c) Homeric dialect [510]
9. Participle with a[n [422] [511]
[423] 1. General remarks [512]
e) Indirect speech [426] 2. Article [514]
3. Declensions [515]
1. An introduction [429] 4. Adjectives
2. Indirect statement clauses [433] 5. Pronouns [516]
3. Indirect command clauses 6. Prepositions [517]
4. Indirect question clauses [435] 7. Spelling
5. Subordinate clauses in indirect speech [437] 8. Suffixes
9. Verbal forms
f) Verbal adjectives [443] 10. Conjunctions
[444] 11. Particle kevn
1. Ending in -tevo~, -teva, -teov n
2. Ending in -to~v , -thv, -tovn [457] d) Words that are easily confused
[458]
g) Combination of negatives [476] 1. Non-verbal forms
2. Verbal forms
1. Negatives cancelling or reinforcing each other?
2. Other combinations of negatives side by side Index of grammatical terms

h) The use of particles Index of Greek words

1. General guidelines
2. Most common particles

i) Hellenisms: peculiarities and idioms

1. General remarks
2. Non-verbal expressions
3. Verbal expressions