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IPB 19 TEAM 3
Chloe Jay Hanna Anna

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Published by Yeji Lee, 2019-12-02 03:47:25

APPLES

IPB 19 TEAM 3
Chloe Jay Hanna Anna

Keywords: applee,food,cooking,culinary

December 2019 vol. 18

APPLES

There is no Siri, but Seriously healthy.

CHARACTERISTICS

OF APPLE

HEALTH BENEFITS

OF APPLE

APPLE

CULTIVATION

APPLE

RECIPES

December, 29 ASAC

TABLE OF
CONTENTS

4 History of Apple
6 Characteristics of Apple
10 Health benefits of Apple
14 Apple Cultivation
20 Sweat Advices
23 Varieties of Apple
28 Apple Recipes
36 Allergies of Apple
39 Interviews
44 Our Team Member
45 Reference

APPLE DECEMBER 2019 3

Ancient Eating

Apples have been part of the human experience since the beginning of human history.
Apples have been found as a part of the diet of early humans in anthropological research
and recorded in the story of Adam & Eve. Greek and Roman mythology refer to apples as
symbols of love and beauty. And when the Romans conquered England about the first
century B.C.E., they brought apples with them.

4 APPLE DECEMBER 2019

Apples in the Americans

In the 1600s, apples made their way to North

America, too. Crabapples preceded European

colonists to America, but the fruit was not

very edible. The Massachusetts Bay Colony

requested seeds and cuttings from England,

which were brought over on subsequent

voyages to Boston. Other Europeans brought

apple stock to Virginia and the Southwest, A Worldwide Sensation
and a Massachusetts man, John Chapman,
became famous for planting trees throughout Today, nearly 8,000 varieties of apples
Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois. You might know have been identified around the world.
him by his nickname, “Johnny Appleseed.” About 100 varieties are grown in
commercial quantity in the U.S., with the

As the United States and Canada were settled, top 10 of those varieties comprising over
90% of the crop.
nearly every farm grew some apples.
Modern orchards combine the rich
Although some of these apples were very
good for eating and cooking, most of the early heritage of apple growing with research
and field trials to grow an annual U.S.
varieties would be considered poor quality
today. Often, they were used for cider, and the crop exceeding 220,000,000 bushels.

ground-up apples were fed to livestock New varieties are still being discovered

and cultivated, with the best eventually

becoming household words like

McIntosh, Delicious, Empire, Rome,

Spartan, Cortland and Northern

Spy. Recent arrivals include Fuji,

Honeycrisp, Gala and Liberty. But many

antique or heirloom varieties are

enjoying a resurgence. It can certainly be

said that today’s apples combine the best

attributes of the past and the present.

APPLE DECEMBER 2019 5

Characteristics
Of
Apple

WHAT ARE APPLES?

The apple is a popular
pomaceous fruit that is
valued for its extended
storage life and high yields.
There are a minimum of
8,000 different varieties of
the fruit in existence. It is
one of the most widely-
cultivated fruits on the
planet.

6 APPLE DECEMBER 2019

Apples are the fruits of apple trees ( Malus spp ), from the
Rosaceae family, where we find another wild or cultivated shrubs

such as roses, or other trees such as almonds or cherries.

The European cultivated apple tree is
species Malus domestica. Apple tree is an
evergreen tree up to 15 m. Young stems and
branches with gray pubescent . Ovate leaves
with hairy undersides, till 15cm long. White or pink
flower up to 5 cm. The apple is a freshy pome fruit
more than 5cm long, of very variable color depending
on the variety.

The apple has a round shape. Apples are one of the original
The top has a dent (near superfoods. They pack a
where the stem is connected). powerful antioxidant punch,
Some varieties of apples are are rich with vitamins and
almost entirely round, while minerals, and are a great
other types are narrow source of fiber. This delicious
around the bottom and and versatile fruit does it all!
thinner at the top. Apples Epidemiological studies (the
can come in various different type that studies populations
colors, most commonly red or of people) have also linked
green. However, yellow and apple intake with reduced risk
bicolored apples also exist. of some cancers, asthma, and
The flesh of the fruit is diabetes. Also it keeps your gut
either ivory or white. healthy and reduces your risk
of developing heart disease.

APPLE DECEMBER 2019 7

COMPONENTS

STEM
SEED

S
K
I
N

OF AN APPLE

8 APPLE DECEMBER 2019

Stem The
characteristics
The apple stem does contain some Of
nutrition, such as fiber and iron. However, Each part
stems are typically thrown away because
they are generally not tasty. The stem Skin
holds the core of the apple together and
anchors the fruit on the tree as the apple The skin is one of the most vital parts of
grows. Chop up fresh apples and juice the an apple because this exterior shell skin
fruit with the stem and seeds included. protects the pulp by acting as a barrier.
Your body can benefit from the added Apple skin also varies greatly in taste,
nutrients found in the stem. texture and color. Some apples are slightly
glossy with thin skin, while other apples
have thick skin and no shine. There are
various color of apple skin and the skin
can characterize the taste of apple. For
example "Granny-Smith" apples are light
green and slightly sour yet still sweet.
"Jonagold" skin is a mixture of red and
green with a sweet and tangy flavor.

Flesh Seeds

The pulp, also called the flesh, is just Apple seeds are contained inside the core
beneath the skin of the apple. This part of of the apple. The seeds have a bitter taste,
the apple contains a great deal of so people usually don't eat them.
nutrition including pectin, vitamin C, However, the seeds are still safe for
calcium and other minerals. This part of consumption. The seeds contain fiber and
the apple is also the sweetest. Different minerals such as phosphorus. Add
types of apples vary in taste, but most nutrient-dense apple seeds to your
apples have a sweet or slightly tangy taste. favorite smoothie to disguise the taste.
The nutrients inside apples can potentially
help improve digestion and may prevent APPLE DECEMBER 2019
certain diseases, such as colon cancers.

Rich
Nutrients

9

Often called a "miracle food" and a "nutritional powerhouse," an

apple a day really may keep the doctor away as they're one of the
healthiest foods a person can eat. These round and juicy fruits are
high in fiber and vitamin C, and they are also low in calories, have
only a trace of sodium, and no fat or cholesterol. "Apples are high
in polyphenols, which function as antioxidants,” said Laura Flores,
a nutritionist based in San Diego. All of these benefits mean that
apples may mitigate the effects of asthma and alzheimer’s disease,
while assisting with weight management, bone health, pulmonary
function and gastrointestinal protection.

Health Benefits
of Apples

Apples are loaded with vitamin C, especially in the skins, which are

also full of fiber, Flores said. Apples contain insoluble fiber, which
is the type of fiber that doesn't absorb water. It provides bulk in the
intestinal tract and helps food move quickly through the digestive
system. There may be respiratory benefits to eating apples, as well.
"Apples' antioxidant benefits can help lower the risk of asthma,”
Flores told Live Science.

10 APPLE DECEMBER 2019

Anti Cancer
Compounds enclosed in apple

peels called triterpenoids,
inhibits the growth of cancer

cells and even kills them.

Prevent Cataract
Many studies have shown
that people who have a diet rich
in fruits that contain antioxidants
like apples are less likely to

develop cataracts.

Diabetes

Consuming at least one apple
a day can likely decrease your

risk of diabetes.

Boosts Immunity
Apples contains antioxidant
known as quercetin which

boosts immune system to
Build the natural defenses

of the body.

Whiter teeth

Chewing or biting an apple
helps in stimulating the saliva

production in your mouth.

APPLE DECEMBER 2019 11

Anti Cholesterol

Consumption of dried apple is
proven to be beneficial to human
health in terms of anti-inflammatory

and antioxidative properties.

Weight loss

The fiber present fills the
stomach without coasting

you too many calories.

Averting Asthma

Phytochemicals and polyphenols
are the chemicals that give
apple its healing properties

which can assist an individual
recovering from asthma,
breathing problems.

Hair Growth

Apple juice when applied to
your scalp can help prevent

dandruff effectively.

Hydrates Skin

Apples contain essential
nutrients, such as vitamin C
and copper which contributes

to healthy skin.

12 APPLE DECEMBER 2019



14 APPLE DECEMBER 2019

Apples (Malus domestica) are one of the easiest fruit trees to grow in our

climate. Don’t believe me? Just look around. There are thousands of wild apple
trees growing in abandoned fields and meadows, left overs and off spring from
cultivated varieties on old farms. Some actually taste pretty good and I love
wandering fields in fall taste testing these wild apples. While most heirloom or
old fashioned varieties grew on trees that could reach 40 feet tall, newer
varieties grow on dwarf trees (as short as 8 feet tall), making apples much more
accessible for a gardener with a small yard. Also, pests used to discourage home
gardeners from growing apple trees. There’s nothing worse than codling your
apple tree only to get wormy, scab-infested fruits. Now there are varieties that
are disease-resistant and there are traps that make pest control much simpler.

The diversity of apple varieties is staggering. They’re like the tomatoes of
the fruit world. Skin color includes, red, yellow, gold, orange, and green. Some
varieties are great for eating fresh, while others are better used cooked. If you’re
not eating apples fresh off the tree you can make cider, juice, or sauce from
them. Whatever apples you leave behind the deer will gladly take care of.

When to Plant

Plant bare-root trees (trees with no soil on their roots) in late winter or early
spring as soon as the ground is thawed and dried out. These trees are usually
shipped through the mail from nurseries to your home in time for planting. Plant
container trees from a local nursery anytime in spring or summer. If planting just a
few trees and you’re not particular about the varieties, container trees are more
expensive, but easiest to purchase. If planting unusual varieties or many trees,
stick with bare root.

APPLE DECEMBER 2019 15

Where to Plant How to Plant

Apples are widely adapted, but need Cultivate the soil removing sod and
full sun and well-drained, fertile soil weeds. Amend the soil with compost
that’s slightly acidic to grow their best. and plant trees as far apart as their
Don’t plant in a low lying area where ultimate height. Dwarf trees grow to
ground water might accumulate or 12-feet tall, semi-dwarf 15-to 25-feet tall
that’s prone to late frosts. Apples and standard sized trees up to 40-feet
don’t grow well in soggy soils. Planting tall. Dig the hole for bare root trees
on a gentle slope is best to avoid wet deep enough so the roots aren’t bent
soils and late frosts that might kill the when placed in the hole. If the tree is a
blossoms in spring. grafted variety (the top of the tree is a
different variety than the root stock),
16 APPLE DECEMBER 2019 make sure the bulge on the lower stem
or graft union is 2-inches above the soil
line. This will allow the dwarfing
rootstock to keep the tree short, but
the desired variety grow above ground
and produce the apples you desire.
Some varieties are now on their own
rootstocks so don’t have a graft union.
this means if the tree dies to the
ground, the shoots that emerge from
the roots will be the same variety are
the top. Some specialized varieties,
such a columnar apple trees, can be
planted as close as 2 feet apart.

Many apples will produce a crop on
their own, but most produce more
apples if grown close to another
variety that the bees can cross
pollinate. If no other apples are in your
neighborhood, it’s good to grow at
least 2 trees of different, compatible
varieties.

Care and Maintenance

Keep the area around young trees weed free and well watered, especially the first few
years of life. Add compost around the trees in spring, and based on the growth rate,
supplement the compost with an organic fertilizer, such as 5-5-5, to stimulate growth.
You should have about 1 foot of new growth on your apples each year.

Dwarf apple trees will start producing fruits within a few years after planting. Standard
or large trees may take up to 5 years to produce a good crop depending on the variety.
Apples will naturally drop fruit during the June drop because the tree often sets more
fruit than it can mature. After the June drop, you’ll have to thin even more fruits to get
fewer, but better quality apples. Thin clusters of apples to one cluster of two fruits,
every 6 inches. If the tree produces too many apples branches may break from the
weight load and the tree may not bear as well the next year.

There are many insects and diseases of apples. Apple scab, cedar-apple rust, fire blight
and powdery mildew are some of the main diseases. Controlling diseases usually isn’t a
big issue until the trees starts fruiting. Growing disease resistant varieties such as
‘Liberty’ and ‘Mac-free’ takes the pressure off spraying frequently to keep the fruits
looking good. Insects, such as apple maggots, codling moths, and plum curculio, can
damage apples so much they look like a cratered moon. Clean up fallen apples well in
fall, use traps to control and monitor the pest, and use sprays to kill the insects at the
most opportune time to avoid frequent spraying.

Protect young tree trunks in fall from mice and voles chewing the bark, by placing a
tree wrap around the trunk. Remove the wrap in summer so wood boring insects can’t
hide and tunnel into your tree. Protect young trees from deer eating the twigs with
fencing. Prune apples in winter so the trees stay open in the center. Remove any
water sprouts (straight upward growing branches off a main stem) or suckers (sprouts
from the root system) anytime. Prune off dead, diseased or broken branches
whenever necessary. Prune so upper branches don’t shade lower branches and are
evenly arranged around the main trunk. Remove thin, crowded branches that reduce
the air flow and light penetration. Air flow helps reduce disease problems and good
light penetration helps color up the apples better in the center of the tree.

APPLE DECEMBER 2019 17

Harvest

Start checking your apples for ripeness once the fruits
have their mature color and are full size. If the apple
separates easily from the tree when pulled, and the skin is
firm, it’s ready to pick. Your tree will probably produce so
many apples, that tasting them is another good way to tell
they’re ripe. Some early varieties may have firm flesh and a
tart taste while later maturing varieties may be sweeter,
but have a softer texture. Later varieties are often good
for cooking and processing.

18 APPLE DECEMBER 2019

Which Countries Grow
the Most Apples?

Top5 Apple Producing Countries In The World

CHINA
UNITED STATES
POLAND
TURKEY
INDIA

44 4.6 3.6 2.9 2.8
million million million million million

tons tons tons tons tons

Considered as one of the most popular fruits, it is used in variety of food items such as
apple shakes, apple cakes, apple pies, and wines derived from apple fermentation. Apple
is one of the most produced fruits in the world. China, the USA and Poland are the top
three countries in the production of apple. According to the USDA, China is the topmost
producer of apple with producing 44 million tons produced annually.

APPLE DECEMBER 2019 19

Sweet Advices

How to Pick the perfect apples
How to Store apples

How to Protect apples from browning

20 APPLE DECEMBER 2019

How to Pick the perfect apples

❖ Check the apple’s firmness
: It should be firm to the touch. Avoid apples that
are noticeably soft, discolored, or indent easily after
you press the skin.

❖ Visually examine the apple
: Some marking on the fruit (like a scuff or specks)
comes from nature and doesn’t signal a bad apple.
However, apples with bruising or obvious signs of
decay should be avoided.

❖ Get to know your varieties
: You’ll want to get to know the characteristics of
your favorites, including their color, size, shape, and
overall appearance. Selecting an apple that best fits.
Golden Delicious, Rome are best for baking. Fuji,
Goldrush, and Red Delicious are great options for
salad because they don’t visibly brown quickly.
Jonamac, Spigold, and Cortland are recommended
for apple butter because they retain flavor during
cooking and pair well with the spices used. For
making applesauce, use Jonagold, Cortland, and
Yellow Delicious. If the skin in red, you can leave it
on for pink colored applesauce.

❖ Glance at the color of the apple
: Apples with full color have absorbed lots of
sunlight which leads to great flavors.

❖ Give your apple a sniff:
: A fresh apple, high-quality apple
should have a pleasant aroma.

APPLE DECEMBER 2019 21

How to Store apples
How to Protect apples from browning

In case of enjoying fresh Another important aspect is
apples, it’s hard to beat the how to keep your apples
shelf life of apples, however from browning once sliced.
proper storage is key. Store Here are a few favorite
unwashed apples in the methods to try. First, using
coldest part of your salt Water: Mix 1/8 teaspoon
refrigerator. For best results, salt in 1 cup cold water. Add
keep your refrigerator at 33 apples slices and soak for 5
to 35 degrees with some minutes. Rinse. Store in
humidity to reduce plastic baggie in refrigerator.
shriveling. Sort through your Second using honey: Mix ½
apples often and remove tablespoon honey in 1 cup
any damaged ones to use for water. Add apple slices and
juice or sauce. One bad soak for 5 minutes. Store in
apple can spoil the bunch! plastic baggie in refrigerator.
Don’t store apples with Third using pineapple juice:
strong-smelling foods like Mix 1 tablespoon pineapple
onions and garlic. Apples can juice in 1 cup water. Add
easily take on the odor of apple slices and soak for 5
those foods. You’ll also want minutes. Store in plastic
to keep apples away from baggie in refrigerator. Fourth
potatoes as they release a using Orange Juice: Brush cut
gas as they age which causes sides of apple slices with
apples to spoil. To store an orange juice. Store in plastic
entire box of apples, baggie in refrigerator. Finally,
consider a second using Rubber Band: Slice
refrigerator or keep the box whole apple into segments
in a cool, dark place. then put pieces back
Wrapping each apple in together so all sides are
paper will provide additional touching. Secure with a
protection and delay rubber band to keep tight.
ripening.

22 APPLE DECEMBER 2019

Varieties of Apples

Red Delicious

Crunchy and Mildly Sweet

It is the world’s favorite snacking apple. The heart-shaped Red Delicious
features a bright red and sometimes striped skin. Renowned for its crunchy
texture and mildly sweet flavor, this tasty apple shines in cool, crisp salads.

Uses: snacking, salads

In Season: July - Aug

Introduction to Market: 1874

Place of Origin: Peru, Iowa

Parentage: Unknown, discovered as a chance seedling on the
farm of Jesse Hiatt. Originally known as Hawkeye.

Excellent Not suggested Not suggested Not suggested Not suggested
for Salads for Pie for Sauce for Baking for Freezing

Gala

Crisp and Very Sweet
This crisp, aromatically-sweet apple features pink-orange stripes
atop a pretty yellow background. Delicious in salads, pies, and
sauces, the Gala’s popularity is on the rise around the world.
Uses: snacking, salads, baking, beverages, pies, sauce
In Season: July - Aug
Introduction to Market: 1965
Place of Origin: New Zealand
Parentage: Cross of Kidd’s Orange and Golden Delicious apples

Excellent Very good Excellent Very good Not suggested
for Salads for Pie for Sauce for Baking for Freezing

24 APPLE DECEMBER 2019

Fuji

Crunchy and Super Sweet
Enjoy the full flavor of a Fuji! A crunchy, super-sweet and
flavor-forward apple, the Fuji can be enjoyed as an everyday
snack as well as in pies, sauces, baking and more.
Uses: snacking, salads, baking, beverages, pies, sauce, freezing
In Season: July - Aug
Introduction to Market: 1962
Place of Origin: Japan
Parentage: Cross of Red Delicious and Ralls Janet apples

Excellent Very good Very good Very good Very good
for Salads for Pie for Sauce for Baking for Freezing

Granny Smith

Crunchy and Tart

Tempt your taste buds with tart Granny Smith apples! Known for
its delicious tart flavor and pleasing crunch, the Granny Smith apple’s
popularity comes as no surprise. What’s more, it’s a go-to apple variety
for snacking and is a favorite of pie bakers. Granny Smiths are great in
all kinds of recipes, such as salads, sauces, baking, freezing, and more.

Uses: snacking, salads, baking, beverages, pies, sauce, freezing

In Season: July - Aug

Introduction to Market: 1868

Place of Origin: Australia

Parentage: Believed to be descended from French Crabapples
cultivated by Australian grandmother Maria Ann Smith

Excellent Excellent Excellent Excellent Excellent
for Salads for Pie for Sauce for Baking for Freezing

APPLE DECEMBER 2019 25

Honeycrisp

Crisp and Distinctly Sweet

The Honeycrisp apple’s name says it all! Pleasantly crisp, sweet and juicy,
this popular apple features a beautiful bright red skin mottled with
pale green. Its complex flavor is subtly tart, and is a versatile ingredient for
recipes ranging from sweet to savory. As a snack, Honeycrisp apples burst
with juice with every bite, and they are also a delicious addition to salads,
pies, sauces, and baked goods.

Uses: snacking, salads, baking, beverages, pies, sauce

In Season: May - Sept
Introduction to Market: 1991

Place of Origin: University of Minnesota, Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minnesota

Parentage: Cross between a Keepsake apple and an unknown variety

Excellent Excellent Excellent Excellent Good
for Salads for Pie for Sauce for Baking for Freezing

Golden Delicious

Crisp and Sweet

The Golden Delicious is a perfect pick for any recipe. Sweet and mellow,
this crisp apple has a tender golden skin, and its flesh stays white after
slicing for longer than other apple varieties. Reach for a Golden
Delicious as an all-purpose apple for snacking, salads, baking, freezing,
sauces, and more.

Uses: snacking, salads, baking, beverages, pies, sauce, freezing

In Season: July - Aug

Introduction to Market: 1914

Place of Origin: Clay County, West Virginia

Parentage: Unknown, perhaps the chance seedling can be traced to
Golden Reinette and Grimes Golden

Excellent Excellent Excellent Excellent Excellent
for Salads for Pie for Sauce for Baking for Freezing

26 APPLE DECEMBER 2019

Ambrosia Opal Cosmic Crisp

Sweet as Honey Crisp and Juicy-Sweet Sweet and Tangy

In Season: Year-Round In Season: November - March Available in stores starting
Uses: Snacking, Salads, in 2019
Baking, Beverages, Pie, Sauce, Uses: Snacking, Salads,
Freezing Baking, Beverages, Pies, Product of Washington State
Sauce, Freezing University apple breeding
Known as the “Irresistible program.
apple.”
Find it in retail stores
Grown by a select group of starting in fall 2019.
growers.

Kiku SugarBee Rome

Juicy and Super Sweet Sweet as can bee, crisp and Soft and Mildly Tart
juicy!
In Season: Year-Round In Season: September – April
In Season: Year-Roud
Uses: Snacking, Salads, Uses: Baking, Pies, NOT the
Baking, Beverages, Pies, Uses: Baking, Salads, best for Snacking
Sauce, Freezing Beverages, Snacking

Very exotic, with a juicy super Juicy, aromatic flesh snaps
sweet taste, attractive striped when bitten into, and the
ruby-red coloration. apple has just the right
Originating in Italy, it’s quickly amount of sweetness.
becoming a sweet apple
lover’s favorite.

APPLE DECEMBER 2019 27

A
P
P
L
E

R
E
C
I
P
E
S

28 APPLE DECEMBER 2019

Apple Bundt Cake

INGREDIENTS INSTRUCTIONS

450g granulated sugar 1. Preheat the oven to 325°F (175°C). Grease a 9 inch Bundt
336g vegetable oil pan or any kinds of cake molds.
2 tsp McCormick vanilla extract 2. In a large bowl, beat the sugar, oil, vanilla, and eggs with
3 large eggs room temperature an electric mixer until light and fluffy.
384g all-purpose flour 3. Combine the flour, baking soda, cinnamon, and salt; stir
1 tsp baking soda into the batter just until blended.
1 tsp cinnamon spice 4. Fold in the apples by hand. Pour into the prepared bundt
1 tsp salt pan.
3 medium Granny Smith apples 5. Bake for 55-70 minutes or until an inserted toothpick
comes out clean.
-peeled, cored. and chopped 6. Allow to cool for about 20 minutes in the pan and then
invert on to a wire rack.

APPLE DECEMBER 2019 29

Apple Jam

Sweet apples are cooked until tender and softened to become a delicious apple jam.

30 APPLE DECEMBER 2019

INGREDIENTS

10 cups diced apples (about 3-4 pounds)
2 cups granulated sugar
3 Tbsp ground cinnamon
1½ tsp nutmeg
½ tsp cloves
1½ tsp gelatin

INSTRUCTIONS

1. In a large stockpot, combine the
apples, sugar, cinnamon, nutmeg, and
cloves. Bring the mixture to a simmer.

2. After a while, the apples will start to
release their juices. When they do, use a
glass measuring cup like this one to
measure out ¼ cup of juices. Sprinkle
the gelatin over the juices and let it sit
to bloom.

3. Meanwhile, let the apples continue to
cook until they become soft and the
juices have mostly evaporated. Stir
often to prevent burning.

4. When there's very little juice left in
the pot, remove the apples from the
heat. Whisk the gelatin in the measuring
cup with the liquid, and then pour the
liquid into the apple mixture. Stir well.

5. Distribute between pint-sized jars like
these and let the apple jam cool
completely before storing in the freezer.

APPLE DECEMBER 2019 31

Apple INGREDIENTS
Scones
Apple Pie Filling
1 medium apple
1 tablespoon unsalted butter
2 tablespoon brown sugar
1/4 teaspoon cinnamon
A pinch of nutmeg
A pinch of cardamom
Scones
2 cup all-purpose flour
1/4 cup granulated sugar
1/2 teaspoon kosher salt
1/4 teaspoon baking soda
1 tablespoon baking powder
7 tablespoon unsalted butter (cubed & cold)
1 large egg
2/3 cup buttermilk
1/2 teaspoon vanilla extract
Sugar Topping
1 tablespoon granulated sugar
1/4 teaspoon cinnamon
A pinch of nutmeg
A pinch of cardamom

32 APPLE DECEMBER 2019

INSTRUCTIONS

Make Apple Pie Filling

1. Peel and core the apple and cut into small bite
size pieces, this will yield about 2 cups.
2. Add 1 tablespoon of unsalted butter to a small
sauce pan and melt over medium heat.
3. Add apple, sugar and spices to the pan and cook
until sugar is melted.
4. Continue to cook over medium low heat until
the apple is starting to soften and the mixture is
bubbly and thickened slightly.
5. Take off the heat and allow to cool.

Make Scones

1. Preheat the oven to 400°F and line a baking
sheet with parchment paper.
2. Mix 1 tablespoon of granulated sugar with the
spices and set aside to use later.
3. Add flour, sugar, salt, baking soda and baking
powder to a medium mixing bowl and mix to
combine.
4. Toss the cubed butter in the flour mixture and
work it into the flour with the tip of your fingers
until about large pea size. Toss in the cooked apple
pieces without the syrup.
5. In a measuring cup, add buttermilk, egg and
vanilla extract and beat to combine.
6. Make a well in the middle of the flour mixture
and pour in the liquid mixture, reserving about 2
tablespoon to use as egg wash. Add the left over
syrup from the cooked apple.
7. Fold with a spatula or wooden spoon until a wet
dough forms.
8. Turn the dough out onto a well-floured board,
fold it over itself a 2 - 3 times, and shape into a
circle about 1 1/2” thick.
9. Cut into 8 scones.

10. Place the scones on the prepared baking sheet,
brush the top and sides with the reserved egg
wash, and sprinkle generously with spiced sugar.
11. Bake for 23 - 24 minutes until golden brown
and a toothpick inserted in the center comes out
clean.
12. Let cool completely on a wire rack.

APPLE DECEMBER 2019 33

Apple pie

34 APPLE DECEMBER 2019

INGREDIENTS

APPLES
8 Granny Smith apples, peeled, cored and sliced
6 cups water
1 1/2 teaspoons salt

CARAMEL SAUCE
1/2 cup unsalted butter
3 tablespoons all-purpose flour
1/2 cup white sugar
1/2 cup packed brown sugar
1/4 cup water

PIE ASSEMBLY
2 unbaked pie dough crusts

INSTRUCTIONS

1. reheat oven to 425° F

APPLES

1. In a large bowl add sliced apples, water, and salt. Allow the apples
to rest in the water for about 10 minutes.

CARAMEL SAUCE

1. While the apples are soaking, melt butter in a medium saucepan.
Stir in flour to form a paste.

2. Add sugar, brown sugar, and water and bring to a boil. Reduce the
temperature to low, and simmer 5 minutes. Remove from heat and
set aside.

PIE ASSEMBLY

1. Set out an 18" piece of parchment and roll out one of the pie crusts
to about 14". Using a pizza cutter, slice into 1-inch strips. Set aside.

2. Place the second pie crust in the bottom of a 9-inch pie pan.
Pressing the sides to fit the pan.

3. Drain and rinse the sliced apples to wash off any remaining salt,
and then pour them on top of the bottom crust.

4. Cover with a latticework crust by arranging half the strips over the
pie, in parallel lines, leaving space in between.

5. Fold every other strip up to about the mid-line of the pie. Lay
another strip over the middle of the pie, perpendicular to the others.
Fold the parallel strips back down, then fold up all the other strips.
Lay another perpendicular strip down, and repeat until all the strips
have been used.

6. Trim any excess dough and press to adhere to the bottom crust.
Using a fork, crimp the edge of the pie to seal.

7. Gently pour the sugar mixture over the latticework crust. Do your
best to cover as much of the crust as you can, gently use a basting
brush to cover any open spots.

8. Bake on the lowest oven rack for 15 minutes at 425° and then 35
reduce the temperature to 350° F, and bake for another 35 to 40
minutes.

APPLE DECEMBER 2019

WHAT IS APPLE

People that have an apple There are two main types of apple
allergies. In the first kind of apple
allergy may experience a range allergy, people are allergic to a
of symptoms when eating an protein in the apple. In these people,
apple or shortly afterward. symptoms, which can be very severe,
Symptoms of an apple allergy may begin almost immediately after
may vary based on the type of they have eaten an apple. In the
apple allergy a person has. second type of apple allergy, the
person may be reacting to a protein
Symptoms within the apple that is very similar
include: itchy to proteins found in birch tree
throat or pollen. This is known as cross-
mouth reactivity. These people usually have
a milder reaction, with symptoms
swollen lips or throat stomach developing in and around the mouth.
discomfort and cramps ,rash This type of apple allergy is more
or hives, diarrhea. likely to affect older children and
adults in cooler climates.

36 APPLE DECEMBER 2019

ALLERGIES?

In cases where an apple allergy is New stories about
not severe, the best treatment for a “An apple a day keeps the
person with an apple allergy is to doctor away”
avoid eating apples.
In some cases, people with oral A large apple has about 115
allergy syndrome may be able to
eat cooked apples, as cooking calories and five grams of
apples may alter the protein that
causes the reaction. This is true of fiber per serving, and the
other fruits that cause oral allergy fruit’s polyphenols and fiber
syndrome, as well such as, almonds
Carrots, cherries, celery, Peaches, help balance bacteria in
plums, pears, melons, tomatoes,
oranges, kiwi, banana, sunflower your gut. In fact, apples are
seeds, cucumbers, zucchini.
one of the healthies fruites

for your body. But make

sure not to peel it: two-
thirds of an apple’s anti-

oxidants and much of its

fiber are found in the skin.

APPLE DECEMBER 2019 37



INTERVIEW
with
People

Who Like or Hate
Apple.

APPLE DECEMBER 2019 39

INTERVIEW with
Students Hoopson & Hun

Do you like apples ? Do you think that apples
are good for your health ?
Yes :) Because Apple are
delicious ! Yes maybe ? Because it`s fruit !

How often do you eat What do you think is the
apples ? characteristics of apples
in cooking ?
Once in a month. I have no
money for buy fruits, so I I think apples are good
consume it by juice. ingredient for appetizer or
dessert.
What is your favorite
apple dish ? Can you tell me what is
the best way to cook
I love apple jam ! One day, apples ?
there are some apples left
in my refrigerator. I Make it jam, and spread on
bought too many apples, so bread.
I don`t want to eat
anymore. At that time I Can you tell me what is
thought ‘How about make the best way to cook
it jam ?’. I decide to make apples in baking ?
it, and that jam was
wonderful. Slice it very thinly, and place on
top of pie

Do you like apples ? Do you think that apples
are good for your health ?
Yes :) Because apples are
delicious, apples can store for Yes. As far as I know, apples
a long time, texture is very contain a lot of vitamins and
fresh, and can buy easily cellulose.
anywhere
Can you tell me what is
What is your favorite the best way to cook
apple dish ? apples ?

I think apples are the most I think eat fresh is the best
delicious when we eat fresh. way because in my case, when
I eat cooked apples, the
What do you think is texture is not good for me.
the characteristics of So, apple salad is the best.
apples in cooking ?
Can you tell me what is
Apples give a good texture the best way to cook
so we can get pleasant apples in baking ?
mouthfeel and gives sugar
when we something cook. In my case, apple jam is the
For example, when we make best way in baking. I prefer
galbijjim(braised short ribs), eat bread with spreading apple
we use grated apples. jam.

40 APPLE DECEMBER 2019

INTERVIEW with
Chef. Louie & Chef. Jay

Do you like apples?

NO!!!

Why?

No reason. Just I don't like apples.

How often do you eat apples?

One apple in one month?

Do you have any favorite apple dishes?

No... I don't like apples! But I sometimes
eat apple tarts.

Do you think that apples are good for health?

No, I don't think so. Because I hate apples.
How can I think apples are good for health!

How do you use apples in the kitchen?

No, I don't use it. For me, I use only apple wood for
stock. Japanese ramen stock for rich flavor. Apple
woods have different flavors. So I just use apple wood.

Can you tell me what is the best way to cook apples?

Baking. Cooked apples are soft texture. Generally people thought
apples are crispy, hard texture. But cooked apples are going to be
soft. It goes well with the soft desserts.

Do you like apples? Can you tell me what is
the best way to cook
So-so. Not very like, apples?
not very hate. Middle.
Apple salads or apple pies.
How often do you eat Some people use as a sauce for
apples? the pork, duck or game. With
Apples, you can do a lot of
I usually eat apples maybe one things. You can make apple
time per week. But I use apple jam as delicious as well. Also,
every day. I am using I phone. you can put some sugar to
apple and just pan-stir. It
Do you have any will going to be golden and
favorite apple dishes? crispy. You can just torch the
top for caramelized apples. It
Apple pie. Specially I like is good for desserts
McDonald’s apple pie.
APPLE DECEMBER 2019 41
What is the meaning
of apples in your life?

People said that one apple a
day keeps the doctor away. So
I think apple is healthy icon.

INTERVIEW with
Prof. Risa Kelly

Do you like apples?

I love apples.

Why do you like apples?

Because it’s crunch, sweet,
healthy, and it is really true
an apple keeps away a doctor.

How often do you eat
apples?

Korean apples are so big. One
apple, I can do two or three
days. It’s big. So I eat an
apple a week.

What is your favorite apple How do you use apples in the kitchen?
dish?
I put apples in salads, like tuna salad and chicken
I like my apples raw, my salad. I have sautéd apples put in on sandwiches.
favorite snack is just sliced It goes really well with the brie. When you melt it
apples with homemade peanut together, it’s very nice. So apple is very versatile. It
butter. Just dip apples in goes with meat, salad, and, sandwiches. It can go just
homemade peanut butters is about anywhere.
my favorite way to eat an apple.
Of course I like apple pie, apple What do you think is the characteristics of
crumble, but really my favorite apples in cooking?
way to eat is apples raw. It’s
the healthiest way to eat apple. The sweetness and the crunchness.

What is the meaning of Can you tell me what is the best way to cook
apples in your life? apples?

Healthy. I think apples are the I prefer not to cook apple, but probably the best way
symbol of healthy. is to roast it. Not very long time, depending on the
size. So maybe 45 minutes in 250 degrees. You can
Why do you think apples are season it with salt and you put little brown sugar if
good for your health? you want. But for me, I prefer to eat natural.

Because it’s high fiber, it has Can you tell me what is the best way to cook
lots of vitamins. It is easy apples in baking?
snack. You don’t have to do a lot
of this, just wash it and eat it. I think apple cake. Usually you slice the apples in a
It’s a perfect snack. cake batter, and put in the loaf pan layered with
42 APPLE DECEMBER 2019 apples is very delicious.

INTERVIEW with
Chef. Kim Hyeon Joon

Do you like apples? What is the meaning of apples in
your life?
Yes. I like apples because it is healthy.
There is a saying, “eating apples in the I’ve never thought about that. I
morning is like eating gold”. I like green think it is healthy align with the trend
apples because it is crunch, juicy, and which is pretty strict about in health.
citrusy.
How do you use apples in the
How often do you eat apples? kitchen?

Every day I eat half of an apple as a I think it is better to use apples in
breakfast in the morning. baking. To make good use of it, you can
make glazed apples. I think people
What is your favorite apple dish? prefer glazed apples and they are very
popular in dessert making. When cooking
I like apple tart. When I worked in apples, I usually slice them and bake.
America, I ate a lot of apple tarts. You can use them as a garnish for
So I like it. appetizers. Also, they go well with
seafood like fish. I think the best
How do you use apples in your daily combination is a shrimp tartar apple.
life?

I like raw apples. I don’t like apples
cooked with sugar or cinnamon.

APPLE DECEMBER 2019 43

“ “AB UT
It was meaningful that I got to US
know new things about apples
through this project. I learned not Chloe
only the history of apples, but also CEO
the process of apple cultivation
from sprout to fruit. Also I learned Jay
how to make a magazine and had PUBLISHER
fun while making with my
teammates. - Chloe Hanna
EDITOR
While I was making this magazine,
I knew exactly what kind of fruit Anna
apples are. And I learned a lot JOURNALIST
about the components of apples.
And I found out how to choose
and store this fruit. Apples were a
better super food than I thought,
and I hope other people will
choose, store and eat in proper
way through this magazine. - Jay

This class was a very unique
experience for me. Because it is
my first time to make a magazine.
And I think all the activities that
I have thought about and edited
with my team members to make a
magazine are special experiences.
I also learned about apples that
I didn’t know. - Hanna

This project is meaningful to me.
Because it taught me a lot of things
about apples and magazines. I was
surprised to know that apples are
so nutritious and there are people
who have an apple allergy. Also,
this project taught me how to
make magazines. It was not easy,
but worth it. I will not forget this
memorable experience. - Anna

44 APPLE DECEMBER 2019

REFERENCES

Boire, E. (2019). A Brief History of Apples. Retrieved from: https://www.vermontapples.org/all-about-
apples/a-brief-history-of-apple/.

Editorial. (2019, Apr 22). APPLE CHARACTERISTICS. Retrieved from: https://www.botanical-
online.com/en/food/apple-characteristics.

Prontes, I. (2017, Sep 21). Characteristics of an Apple. Retrieved from:
https://www.gardenguides.com/111857-characteristics-apple.html.

DeWitt, S. (2017, Jul 21). Parts of a Fruit: The Apple. Retrieved from
https://www.gardenguides.com/13428118-parts-of-a-fruit-the-apple.html.

Tim sharp. (2018). All About Apples: Health Benefits, Nutrition Facts and History, Live science. Retrieved
from:
https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.livescience.com/amp/44686.

No author. (No date). Health Benefits of Apple for Babies. Retrieved from:
https://parentinghealthybabies.com/health-benefits-apple-baby-food/amp/.

Nardozzi,C. (2018). How to Grow: Apples. Retrieved from: https://gardeningwithcharlie.com/how-to-grow-
apples.html.

Sheth, K. (2018, Aug 15). Top Apple Producing Countries In The World. Retrieved from:
https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/top-apple-producing-countries-in-the-world.html.

No Author. (No Date). Unexpected Ways to Use Apples. Retrieved from:
https://appleforthat.stemilt.com/apple-types-tips/unexpected-ways-use-apples/.

No Author. (No Date). How to Store Apples. Retrieved from: https://appleforthat.stemilt.com/apple-types-
tips/how-to-store-apples/.

No Author. (No Date). How to Pick the Perfect Apple. Retrieved from:
https://appleforthat.stemilt.com/apple-types-tips/how-to-pick-perfect-apple/.

No author. (No date). Apple Varietals. Retrieved from: https://bestapples.com/varieties-
information/varieties/#.

Tiffany. (2019, Sep 3). CINNAMON APPLE PIE JAM. Retrieved from:
https://dontwastethecrumbs.com/apple-jam/.

Rettke, A. (2017, Nov 13). Apple Bunt Cake. Retrieved from: https://iambaker.net/apple-bundt-cake/?pp=1.

Trang. (2018, Sep 17). APPLE PIE SCONES {APPLE PIE BUTTERMILK SCONES}. Retrieved from:
https://wildwildwhisk.com/apple-pie-scones/.

Maring, A. (2019, Sep 21). Dwight’s Caramel Apple Pie. Retrieved from: https://iambaker.net/caramel-
apple-pie-recipe/.

Jenna Fletcher. (2017). What causes an apple allergy?, medical news today. Retrieved from:
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/319884.php#

APPLE DECEMBER 2019 45

SPECIAL GIFT Quiz

We hope you enjoy our magazine. If you want participate
in small event, please send this postcard. We will send an
apple gift to three people through a lottery among those
who send the correct answer. Please join us!

Q. Which apple is origin from New Zealand?

A.

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