LESSON 7: Caricature Drawing COURSE CODE: EANI0113
Learning Objectives a. Identify and analyze distinctive facial features and expressions in subjects for caricature drawing. b. Understand and apply the principles of exaggeration and distortion to create humorous and exaggerated caricatures. c. Simplify complex forms into basic shapes to capture the essence of the subject in a caricature. Pre-assessment Please note that this is a pre-assessment, and the purpose is to gauge your existing knowledge on the topic. Feel free to answer to the best of your abilities. 1. What is the primary objective of caricature drawing? a) Realistic representation b) Exaggeration and humor c) Abstract expressionism d) Detailed portraiture 2. Which of the following is NOT a technique used in caricature drawing? a) Simplification b) Realism c) Exaggeration d) Distortion 3. True or False: Caricature drawing involves distorting proportions and relationships between features. 4. What is the purpose of observing the subject in caricature drawing? a) To mimic the subject's exact features b) To identify distinctive facial features and expressions c) To avoid any exaggeration or distortion d) To use the subject's exact colors in the drawing 5. Which shading technique involves using parallel lines to create shadows and define contours? a) Stippling b) Hatching c) Cross-hatching d) Blending 6. How can color be used in caricature drawing? a) To make the drawing more realistic
b) To add depth and dimension c) To create an abstract effect d) To avoid using color altogether 7. True or False: Contextual details and props are not important in caricature drawing. 8. What is the importance of practicing regularly in caricature drawing? a) To achieve perfection in realistic rendering b) To avoid exaggeration in drawings c) To refine skills and develop a personal style d) To adhere strictly to traditional techniques INTRODUCTION Caricature drawing is an art form that involves creating exaggerated and often humorous representations of people or things. It is a form of visual satire that dates back centuries and has been used to entertain, criticize, and make political statements. Caricature artists employ various techniques to achieve the desired effects of exaggeration, distortion, and humor while maintaining a recognizable likeness. In caricature drawing, the primary objective is to emphasize and amplify specific features or characteristics of the subject. Through the use of exaggeration, artists capture the essence of the person or thing being caricatured. Distortion is another key technique used, where proportions and relationships between features are manipulated to create a caricatured effect. The process of creating a caricature begins with careful observation of the subject. Artists study distinctive facial features, expressions, body language, and gestures. By simplifying complex forms into basic shapes, such as circles, ovals, or triangles, they capture the essence of the subject and establish a foundation for exaggeration. Line work is an essential technique in caricature drawing, where bold and expressive lines are used to define shapes, outlines, and details. Shading techniques, such as hatching, crosshatching, and stippling, are employed to add depth and dimension to the caricature. Color can also be utilized to enhance the impact of the caricature, convey emotions, and add visual interest. Caricature drawing goes beyond mere representation; it often carries a message or commentary. Artists incorporate contextual details, symbols, and props to enhance the satire or humor and convey a specific message or critique. Editorial or political caricature, in particular, uses exaggeration and distortion to satirize and comment on political figures, events, or social issues. Regular practice is crucial in developing skills in caricature drawing. By analyzing the works of renowned caricature artists and experimenting with different techniques, aspiring artists can refine their skills, develop a personal style, and effectively capture the likeness while incorporating exaggeration and humor. Caricature drawing is an exciting and dynamic art form that combines observation, technique, and creativity. It allows artists to explore the boundaries of expression and satire while engaging viewers with humor and social commentary. Whether for personal enjoyment, entertainment, or political commentary, caricature drawing continues to captivate audiences with its unique blend of wit, exaggeration, and artistic skill.
History and Principle of Caricature Drawing Caricature drawing is an art form that involves creating exaggerated and often humorous representations of people or things. It is a form of visual satire that dates back many centuries and has been used to entertain, criticize, or make political statements. The history and principles of caricature drawing are fascinating, so let's explore them. History of Caricature Drawing: Caricature drawing has its roots in ancient times, with examples found in the art of ancient Egypt, Greece, and Rome. However, the modern concept of caricature began to develop during the Renaissance period in Europe. Artists such as Leonardo da Vinci and Albrecht Dürer started experimenting with distorting and exaggerating features in their portrait drawings. In the 18th century, caricature became particularly popular in Europe, especially in Britain and France. Political and social satire played a significant role in the development of caricature during this time. Artists like James Gillray and Thomas Rowlandson in England and Honoré Daumier in France created caricatures that mocked and criticized political figures, social classes, and societal norms. The 19th and early 20th centuries saw caricature flourish as a form of mass entertainment and social commentary. Newspapers and magazines published caricatures to engage readers and express opinions on various subjects. Notable caricaturists during this period include George Cruikshank, Charles Philipon, and José Guadalupe Posada. Principles of Caricature Drawing The principles of caricature drawing involve exaggeration, distortion, and capturing the essence of a subject. Here are some key principles: 1. Exaggeration: Caricature involves amplifying specific features or characteristics of a subject. By exaggerating certain physical traits, such as a large nose, prominent chin, or expressive eyebrows, artists can create a humorous or satirical effect. 2. Simplification: Caricaturists simplify complex forms into basic shapes while maintaining the recognizable essence of the subject. They focus on the most distinctive and recognizable features, often distilling them down to their essential elements.
3. Distortion: Caricature often involves distorting proportions and relationships between features. Artists may stretch, shrink, or warp certain elements of the subject's face or body to create an exaggerated effect. 4. Likeness: Despite the exaggeration and distortion, a successful caricature still retains a resemblance to the original subject. The artist must capture the essence of the person or thing they are caricaturing, ensuring that the overall likeness is maintained even with exaggerated features. 5. Expression and Gesture: Caricature relies on capturing the subject's expression and body language. Through the exaggeration of these elements, artists can convey humor, emotion, or convey a specific message. 6. Context and Satire: Caricatures often carry a message or commentary, whether it's about politics, society, or popular culture. Artists utilize symbolism, visual cues, and contextual details to enhance the satirical or humorous effect of the caricature.
2 types of Caricature Drawing 1. Portrait Caricature: Portrait caricature focuses on creating exaggerated and humorous depictions of individuals while still maintaining a recognizable likeness. It typically emphasizes the facial features and expressions of the subject. Portrait caricatures often highlight distinctive physical traits or exaggerated facial features, such as an oversized nose, prominent chin, or expressive eyes. The goal is to capture the essence of the person's appearance while injecting humor and exaggeration. Portrait caricatures are commonly used for personal commissions, gifts, or as entertainment at events like parties or weddings. 2. Editorial/Political Caricature: Editorial or political caricature involves using exaggerated drawings to satirize and comment on political figures, events, or social issues. It is often found in newspapers, magazines, and online publications. Editorial caricatures employ symbolism, metaphor, and visual cues to convey a message or critique. The subjects can range from politicians and celebrities to societal norms and cultural trends. Editorial caricature artists employ exaggeration and distortion to mock and criticize, using humor and wit to shed light on various aspects of society. This type of caricature drawing has a long history and continues to be a powerful medium for social and political commentary. Techniques in Making Caricature Drawing Creating caricature drawings involves various techniques to achieve the desired effects of exaggeration and humor. Here are some common techniques used in making caricature drawings: 1. Observation: Start by observing and studying the subject carefully. Look for distinctive features, such as the shape of the face, size of the nose, eyes, mouth, chin, and any other unique characteristics. Pay attention to facial expressions, body language, and gestures that can add humor or convey a specific message. 2. Simplification: Simplify complex forms into basic shapes. Break down the subject's face or body into geometric forms like circles, ovals, triangles, or rectangles. This simplification helps in capturing the essence of the subject and provides a foundation for exaggeration. 3. Exaggeration: Exaggerate the most prominent or distinctive features of the subject. This can involve enlarging or reducing the size of certain facial features, such as the nose, eyes, mouth, ears, or chin. Emphasize any distinguishing characteristics to create a humorous or satirical effect.
4. Distortion: Play with proportions and relationships between features. Stretch, shrink, or warp certain elements to create a caricatured effect. For example, elongate the neck, make the eyes larger or smaller, or give the subject an unusually long or short hairstyle. Be mindful of maintaining some resemblance to the subject despite the distortion. 5. Expression and Gesture: Capture the subject's expressions and body language to enhance the caricature. Exaggerate the emotions or reactions by emphasizing facial expressions, such as raising eyebrows, widening the smile, or showing teeth. Convey the subject's personality or the message you want to convey through the exaggerated expressions and gestures. 6. Caricature Techniques: There are various artistic techniques that can be applied to create a caricature drawing. These include: • Line work: Use bold, expressive lines to define shapes, outlines, and details. Experiment with different line weights to add depth and dimension. • Shading and Highlights: Employ shading techniques to add volume and threedimensionality to the caricature. Use hatching, cross-hatching, or stippling to create shadows and define contours. Highlights can be added to enhance certain features or add a glossy effect. • Color: Utilize color to enhance the impact of the caricature. Vibrant and bold colors can help emphasize certain features or convey emotions. Consider using color schemes that complement the subject or match the overall mood of the caricature. 7. Context and Props: Incorporate contextual details or props to enhance the caricature's message or add humor. This can include symbols, objects, or scenes that relate to the subject or the topic being caricatured. Learning Activity 1: Create a Personal Caricature Materials needed: 1. Drawing paper or sketchbook 2. Pencils or pens 3. Eraser 4. Optional: Colored pencils or markers for adding color Instructions: 1. Choose a Subject: Decide whether you want to create a caricature of yourself or a friend. If drawing a friend, make sure they're willing to be your subject and have a sense of humor. 2. Observation: Observe the subject's facial features, expressions, and any distinctive characteristics. Pay attention to the shape of the face, size and shape of the eyes, nose, mouth, ears, and any unique features that stand out. 3. Simplify and Sketch: Begin by sketching the basic shapes of the subject's face. Use simple shapes like circles, ovals, and triangles to establish the framework. Focus on capturing the overall proportions and shapes accurately. 4. Exaggerate and Distort: Once you have the basic framework, start exaggerating and distorting certain features to add humor and create a caricatured effect. You can enlarge or shrink certain features, such as the nose, eyes, mouth, or ears. Emphasize any distinguishing characteristics or unique facial expressions. 5. Line Work and Details: Refine your sketch by adding more defined lines and details to the facial features. Use bold and expressive lines to define the shapes, outlines, and key details. Experiment with different line weights to add depth and dimension.
6. Optional: Shading and Color: If desired, you can add shading using techniques like hatching, cross-hatching, or stippling to create shadows and define contours. Consider using colored pencils or markers to add color and enhance the impact of your caricature. 7. Add Context or Props: To enhance the humor or convey a specific message, incorporate contextual details or props. For example, you can add accessories, symbols, or elements related to the subject's personality, hobbies, or profession. 8. Share and Reflect: Once you're satisfied with your caricature, share it with others and invite feedback. Reflect on the exaggeration techniques used and how effectively you captured the essence of the subject while maintaining a recognizable likeness. Summary of Lesson: Caricature Drawing Caricature drawing is an art form that involves creating exaggerated and often humorous representations of people or things. It employs techniques such as exaggeration, distortion, simplification, and observation to achieve its unique effects. Caricature artists observe and study the subject's distinctive features and expressions, simplifying complex forms into basic shapes as a foundation for exaggeration. They use bold lines, shading, and color to define shapes, add depth, and enhance the impact of the caricature. Contextual details and props are often incorporated to convey a message or enhance the humor. Regular practice and studying the works of renowned artists help develop skills and refine personal style. Caricature drawing combines wit, artistic skill, and social commentary to captivate audiences with its humorous and satirical representations. Post-assessment Please note that this is a post-assessment, and the purpose is to gauge your existing knowledge on the topic. Feel free to answer to the best of your abilities. 1. What is the primary objective of caricature drawing? a) Realistic representation b) Exaggeration and humor c) Abstract expressionism d) Detailed portraiture 2. Which of the following is NOT a technique used in caricature drawing? a) Simplification b) Realism c) Exaggeration d) Distortion 3. True or False: Caricature drawing involves distorting proportions and relationships between features. 4. What is the purpose of observing the subject in caricature drawing? a) To mimic the subject's exact features b) To identify distinctive facial features and expressions c) To avoid any exaggeration or distortion
d) To use the subject's exact colors in the drawing 5. Which shading technique involves using parallel lines to create shadows and define contours? a) Stippling b) Hatching c) Cross-hatching d) Blending 6. How can color be used in caricature drawing? a) To make the drawing more realistic b) To add depth and dimension c) To create an abstract effect d) To avoid using color altogether 7. True or False: Contextual details and props are not important in caricature drawing. 8. What is the importance of practicing regularly in caricature drawing? a) To achieve perfection in realistic rendering b) To avoid exaggeration in drawings c) To refine skills and develop a personal style d) To adhere strictly to traditional techniques d) Winslow Homer Performance Task: Live Caricature Drawing Materials Needed: 1. Easel or large drawing board 2. Drawing paper or sketchpad 3. Drawing materials (pencils, pens, markers) 4. Optional: Portable microphone and speaker system 5. Optional: Props, accessories, or costumes for added entertainment value Task Steps: 1. Prepare the Setup: Set up an easel or a large drawing board in a visible area. Arrange your drawing materials neatly and make sure they are easily accessible. 2. Determine the Performance Format: Decide on the format of your live caricature drawing performance. You can choose to have a stationary performance where people come to you, or you can move around the space and engage with the audience directly. 3. Engage with the Audience: Begin by introducing yourself and the concept of caricature drawing. Engage the audience by explaining the process and showcasing examples of your previous work or sketches.
4. Select Subjects: Encourage audience members to volunteer as subjects for live caricature drawings. You can have a sign-up sheet or a queue system to manage the order of subjects. 5. Observe and Sketch: As each subject takes their turn, observe their distinctive features, expressions, and any unique characteristics. Begin sketching their caricature, focusing on capturing their likeness while incorporating exaggeration and humor. 6. Interact and Entertain: While you draw, engage in conversation with the subject and the audience. Encourage laughter and create a lively atmosphere by cracking jokes, sharing interesting anecdotes, or providing entertaining commentary about the subject or the caricature process. 7. Showcase the Finished Caricatures: Once you complete a caricature, proudly display it for the subject and the audience to see. Emphasize the exaggerated features and humorous aspects of the drawing. Invite the subject to share their thoughts and reactions. 8. Optional: Add Props or Costumes: To enhance the entertainment value of your performance, consider incorporating props, accessories, or costumes related to the subject or the theme of the event. 9. Conclude and Reflect: Wrap up the performance by expressing gratitude to the audience and the participants. Reflect on the highlights of the performance and any lessons learned.
RUBRICS CRITERIA EXCELLENT (4) GOOD (3) FAIR (2) NEEDS IMPROVEMENT (1) Drawing Technique Demonstrates excellent control over line work, shapes, and details, resulting in highly accurate and expressive caricatures. Shows proficiency in controlling line work, shapes, and details. Shows some control over line work, shapes, and details. Demonstrates limited control over line work, shapes, and details. Exaggeration Effectively utilizes exaggeration to create humor and enhance caricatures, resulting in engaging and entertaining representations. Uses exaggeration to create humor and enhance caricatures. Attempts to use some exaggeration techniques but lacks consistency or effectiveness. Lacks exaggeration or creates minimal humor in caricatures. Engagement and Entertainment Engages audience effectively through humor, storytelling, and interactive commentary. Maintains audience attention and provides some entertainment value through interaction. Somewhat engages audience attention but lacks consistent entertainment value through interaction. Fails to engage audience or lacks entertainment value, resulting in a disengaged audience. Communication Clearly communicates the process, techniques, and humor behind the caricatures, engaging the audience and eliciting laughter. Communicates the process, techniques, and humor behind the caricatures with some clarity and effectiveness. Communicates some aspects of the process, techniques, or humor may be unclear or poorly conveyed. Lacks clarity and effectiveness in communicating the process, techniques, and humor behind the caricatures. Overall Presentation Presents a polished and engaging performance with professionalism, creativity, and attention to detail. Presents a wellexecuted performance, demonstrating creativity and effort, but with minor flaws. Presents an average performance with room for improvement. Presents a lackluster performance with minimal attention to detail or presentation. Total: 20 15 10 5
Reference Visual Arts Cork. (n.d.). Caricature Art. In Visual Arts Cork. http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/caricature-art.htm#:~:text=referred%20to%20below.- ,What%20is%20The%20Origin%20and%20History%20Of%20Caricatures%3F,exaggerated%20 portrait%20sketches%20they%20created. Richmond, T. (2008, February 14). How to Draw Caricatures 1: The 5 Shapes. In Tom Richmond. https://www.tomrichmond.com/how-to-draw-caricatures-1-the-5- shapes/14/02/2008/#:~:text=Caricature%20is%20not%20about%20choosing,they%20relate%20t o%20one%20another.&text=The%20relationships%20differ%20in%20distance,the%20more%2 0exaggerated%20the%20caricature. Stoned Santa. (n.d.). Everything You Need to Know About Caricatures. In Stoned Santa Blog. https://www.stonedsanta.in/blog/everything-you-need-to-know-aboutcaricatures/#:~:text=Portrait%20or%20definition%20%E2%80%93%20This%20type,commonly %20used%20in%20political%20cartoons. Udemy. (n.d.). Drawing Caricatures: How to Create a Caricature in 8 Steps. In Udemy Blog. https://blog.udemy.com/drawing-caricatures/ r Key Answe LESSON 7: Pre and Post Assessment b) Exaggeration and humor 1. b) Realism 2. True 3. b) To identify distinctive facial features and expressions 4. b) Hatching 5. b) To add depth and dimension 6. False 7. style c) To refine skills and develop a personal 8.