ASIA ERA ONE
List of appointed persons grant-
ing permission for work in con-
fined spaces.
Date of appointment
Figure 33: Confined Space Granting Permission and Supervisor Appointment Form
Document No: EHSR2-ARL-EHSR3AL-SEGENP00-W-HSE-MN-000002-A
Asia Era One Co., Ltd. Page 51 of 120
18 True Tower, 29th Floor, Ratchadaphisek Road, Huai Khwang District, Bangkok,
10310, Thailand
Template: EHSR2-ARL-EHSR3AL-SEGENP00-X-ALL-TM-000002-A
ASIA ERA ONE
17.5.4 Confined Space Medical Examination
Employees who work in confined spaces must undergo medical examination by an occupational health
physician and present their medical certificates that are less than 6 months old.
Medical certificate for working
in confined spaces.
Figure 34: Confined Space Medical Certificate
Document No: EHSR2-ARL-EHSR3AL-SEGENP00-W-HSE-MN-000002-A
Asia Era One Co., Ltd. Page 52 of 120
18 True Tower, 29th Floor, Ratchadaphisek Road, Huai Khwang District, Bangkok,
10310, Thailand
Template: EHSR2-ARL-EHSR3AL-SEGENP00-X-ALL-TM-000002-A
ASIA ERA ONE
17.5.5 Ventilation Plan
Plans for ventilation of confined spaces must be submitted and procedures including hazard control
measures must be put in place to ensure safe working conditions.
Ventilation Plan
Figure 35: Confined Space Ventilation Plan
17.5.6 Emergency Plan
Figure 36: Confined Space Emergency Plan
Document No: EHSR2-ARL-EHSR3AL-SEGENP00-W-HSE-MN-000002-A
Asia Era One Co., Ltd. Page 53 of 120
18 True Tower, 29th Floor, Ratchadaphisek Road, Huai Khwang District, Bangkok,
10310, Thailand
Template: EHSR2-ARL-EHSR3AL-SEGENP00-X-ALL-TM-000002-A
ASIA ERA ONE
Emergency Plan
Figure 37: Confined Space Emergency Plan (Continued)
Document No: EHSR2-ARL-EHSR3AL-SEGENP00-W-HSE-MN-000002-A
Asia Era One Co., Ltd. Page 54 of 120
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10310, Thailand
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ASIA ERA ONE
17.6 Heavy Lifting
Documentation required for the heavy lifting permit application:
Lifting load is less than 1 ton:
o Certification for crane operations
o Inspection checklist for overhead cranes (Por Jor 1) and mobile cranes (Por Jor 2)
o Certification for lifting equipment
Lifting load is equal to or greater than 1 ton:
o Certification for crane operations
o Inspection checklist for overhead cranes (Por Jor 1) and mobile cranes (Por Jor 2)
o Certification for lifting equipment
o Lifting plan
17.6.1 Crane Operator, Controller, Signal Man and Rigger
Crane operator, controller, signal man, and rigger must be trained on the safe operation of cranes and
attend refresher training every 2 years.
Name of Trainee
Date of Training
Note: The expiration will be
2 years after training date.
Figure 38: Crane Operator Training Certificate
Document No: EHSR2-ARL-EHSR3AL-SEGENP00-W-HSE-MN-000002-A
Asia Era One Co., Ltd. Page 55 of 120
18 True Tower, 29th Floor, Ratchadaphisek Road, Huai Khwang District, Bangkok,
10310, Thailand
Template: EHSR2-ARL-EHSR3AL-SEGENP00-X-ALL-TM-000002-A
ASIA ERA ONE
17.6.2 Crane Inspection Checklists
Inspection Checklist for Overhead Cranes (Por Jor 1) and Mobile Cranes (Por Jor 2) must be provided.
Registration plate Serial numbers
numbers
Remember that Por Jor
1 is for overhead cranes
and Por Jor 2 is for mo-
bile cranes or crane
trucks.
Expiration date of
the certifying engi-
neer’s licence
Expiration date of
the certification
Figure 39: Crane Inspection Checklist
Document No: EHSR2-ARL-EHSR3AL-SEGENP00-W-HSE-MN-000002-A
Asia Era One Co., Ltd. Page 56 of 120
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10310, Thailand
Template: EHSR2-ARL-EHSR3AL-SEGENP00-X-ALL-TM-000002-A
ASIA ERA ONE
Professional licence for
practicing controlled engi-
neering
Signature of the
certifying engineer
Pictures of the engi-
neer inspecting the
crane
Figure 40: Controlled Engineer Licence for Crane Inspection and Certification
Document No: EHSR2-ARL-EHSR3AL-SEGENP00-W-HSE-MN-000002-A
Asia Era One Co., Ltd. Page 57 of 120
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10310, Thailand
Template: EHSR2-ARL-EHSR3AL-SEGENP00-X-ALL-TM-000002-A
ASIA ERA ONE
17.6.3 Certification of Lifting Equipment
Figure 41: Lifting Equipment Certification Form
Document No: EHSR2-ARL-EHSR3AL-SEGENP00-W-HSE-MN-000002-A
Asia Era One Co., Ltd. Page 58 of 120
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10310, Thailand
Template: EHSR2-ARL-EHSR3AL-SEGENP00-X-ALL-TM-000002-A
ASIA ERA ONE
17.6.4 Lifting Plan
Lifting plans must be provided for lifting by a mobile crane capable of holding 1 ton or more.
Figure 42: Crane Lifting Calculation Form
Document No: EHSR2-ARL-EHSR3AL-SEGENP00-W-HSE-MN-000002-A
Asia Era One Co., Ltd. Page 59 of 120
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10310, Thailand
Template: EHSR2-ARL-EHSR3AL-SEGENP00-X-ALL-TM-000002-A
ASIA ERA ONE
18 Material Storage Safety Rules
• Store all items in designated storage areas. Ensure the equipment is returned to its place after
use and the following guidelines for proper storage are followed:
o Store frequently used items in a convenient storage area.
o Store small items in boxes categorised by type and size.
o Store fragile items in storage boxes made from solid and strong materials.
o Store hazardous materials separately depending on their properties.
o Store items in an organised manner and ensure they are properly tagged.
• Remove unnecessary items from the workplace or store them in appropriate areas.
• Maintain cleanliness in the workplace and clean up a chemical/water spill immediately.
• Multiple materials should be separated according to kind, size and shape and placed in neat,
safe and orderly piles. Ensure the following guidelines are followed:
o Store similar items together.
o Store items to be used first on the top.
o Store heavy materials at the bottom and lighter items on the top.
o Sore large items at the bottom and small items in the top.
o Store long items or unsteady objects horizontally. If stored vertically, make sure to bind
them securely together.
o Use wood chocks to hold rolling items in place.
• Do not store materials where they obstruct the operation of machinery, access routes to switch
panels, fire protection equipment, entry/exit routes, stairs, and emergency escapes.
• Do not store materials or waste outside designated areas. If necessary, make sure to post a
warning sign that is visible and readable by others and remove them as soon as possible.
• Keep walkways clean. Remove water or oil stains immediately after spilling.
• Clean electric light bulbs and windows regularly.
• Separate waste materials and put them into the right disposal bins or containers.
• Storage areas should be clearly and appropriately marked and segregated according to type
and characteristics of the materials or items to prevent mixing of different materials.
• Storage cabinets should be placed in a sound level surface and must have clear tags or marks
for the materials being stored.
• Do not store tubing or pipes that extends into walkways to prevent danger to employees.
• Items such as pipes or round tanks stored horizontally should be adequately supported to pre-
vent rolling or moving.
• Tanks stacked on top of each other should be supported by wooden boards or plywood between
each level.
• Ensure there is protection of walkway surfaces in stations in case of equipment storage or in-
stallation of supporting structures such as scaffoldings, etc.
Document No: EHSR2-ARL-EHSR3AL-SEGENP00-W-HSE-MN-000002-A
Asia Era One Co., Ltd. Page 60 of 120
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10310, Thailand
Template: EHSR2-ARL-EHSR3AL-SEGENP00-X-ALL-TM-000002-A
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Figure 43: 5 Best Practices for Work Area Organisation
Document No: EHSR2-ARL-EHSR3AL-SEGENP00-W-HSE-MN-000002-A
Asia Era One Co., Ltd. Page 61 of 120
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10310, Thailand
Template: EHSR2-ARL-EHSR3AL-SEGENP00-X-ALL-TM-000002-A
ASIA ERA ONE
19 Overhead Crane Operation Safety Rules
Figure 44: Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for Overhead Crane Operation
• Lifting of objects weighing 1 ton or more requires an additional permit for Heavy Lifting.
• Inspection checklist for overhead cranes (Por Jor 1) must be provided.
• The overhead crane operator must complete mandatory training required by law and hold a
valid crane operator certification.
• Before operating a crane, a pre-operational test should be completed by the operator. If any
defects are found, report to a direct supervisor immediately.
• The overhead crane operator must wear the appropriate PPE at all times whilst working.
• Before lifting, an inspection should be completed by the operator. If any lifting equipment is
found to be damaged, replace it immediately with new equipment.
• Before making a lift, a load test should be completed by the operator. The load should be lifted
by 25 cm. and lowered by 10 cm. for 1 minute. If the crane does not stop promptly, possibly due
to a break failure, report to a direct supervisor immediately.
• There must be a notice attached to the crane stating the maximum safe working load (SWL) for
the crane. The crane must not be loaded beyond its rated load.
• No unauthorised persons may be within the operating range of the crane.
• No untrained persons without a certificate of operation may be present on the cranes.
• Use red line marking to mark out the crane’s operating area or to indicate safe pathways.
• Inspect that there are no obstructions around the area where the load will be moved.
• The overhead crane testing and inspection should be performed at least once a year by a com-
petent agency who can issue a certificate.
Figure 45: Overhead Crane
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Asia Era One Co., Ltd. Page 62 of 120
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10310, Thailand
Template: EHSR2-ARL-EHSR3AL-SEGENP00-X-ALL-TM-000002-A
ASIA ERA ONE
Figure 46: Safety Precautions for Crane and Hoist Operators
Document No: EHSR2-ARL-EHSR3AL-SEGENP00-W-HSE-MN-000002-A
Asia Era One Co., Ltd. Page 63 of 120
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10310, Thailand
Template: EHSR2-ARL-EHSR3AL-SEGENP00-X-ALL-TM-000002-A
ASIA ERA ONE
20 Mobile Crane Operation Safety Rules
Figure 47: Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for Mobile Crane Operation
• Operating a mobile crane requires an additional permit for Heavy Lifting.
o Lifting load of less than 1 ton requires an inspection checklist for mobile cranes (Por Jor
2), certification for safe crane operations (4 persons), Job Safety Analysis (JSA) and
certification for lifting equipment.
o Lifting load of 1 ton or more requires an inspection checklist for mobile cranes (Por Jor
2), certification for safe crane operations (4 persons), Job Safety Analysis (JSA), certi-
fication for lifting equipment, and lifting plan.
• Crane operator, controller, signal man, and rigger must be trained on the safe operation of
cranes and attend refresher training every 2 years.
• PPE must be worn appropriately and consistently.
• Before operating a crane, a toolbox talk and lifting gear testing should be performed.
• Post warning signs about crane activity, cordon off the operating area and notify those who are
not involved to move out of the area before operating a crane.
• Ensure that the load does not exceed the rated crane capacity specified in the lifting plan.
• Inspect the ground conditions of the area and ensure that the ground below the crane is solid.
Before making a lift, fully extend the outrigger beams on pads to provide optimum stability for
the crane.
• Begin a lift by raising the load slowly and stop for a moment to make sure that the load is rigged
and balanced.
• No person may ride loads of the crane and no crane may be used to drag or pull a load.
• Attach 2 crane taglines to a suspended load for helping to guide and control the load.
• All crane lifting operations must be shut down and booms retracted and lowered during high
wind or rainy conditions.
• Ensure that there is adequate lighting for night lifting operations.
• Do not take short cuts or bypass any safety devices in place.
• Inspect that the crane is not being operated near high-voltage lines or OCL.
• Use radios instead of hand signals if the operator’s view of the travel path is obstructed.
• For lifting in traffic areas or public roads, there should be a signalman to provide a guide to
crane operators or the traffic management plan may be adhered to and implemented.
Document No: EHSR2-ARL-EHSR3AL-SEGENP00-W-HSE-MN-000002-A
Asia Era One Co., Ltd. Page 64 of 120
18 True Tower, 29th Floor, Ratchadaphisek Road, Huai Khwang District, Bangkok,
10310, Thailand
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ASIA ERA ONE
20.1.1 Crane Inspection Frequency According to DLPW’s Specifications
Type and Nature of Work
Construction cranes Inspection frequency Cranes for other works
> 3 tons 3 months > 50 tons
Less than 3 tons 6 months > 3 - 50 tons
None Once a year 1-3 tons
A crane that has been idle for 6 months or more should be inspected and tested before use.
Table 8: Crane Inspection Frequency Requirements
Figure 48: Crane Inspection
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Template: EHSR2-ARL-EHSR3AL-SEGENP00-X-ALL-TM-000002-A
ASIA ERA ONE
Figure 49: Safety Practices for Cranes and Hoists
Document No: EHSR2-ARL-EHSR3AL-SEGENP00-W-HSE-MN-000002-A
Asia Era One Co., Ltd. Page 66 of 120
18 True Tower, 29th Floor, Ratchadaphisek Road, Huai Khwang District, Bangkok,
10310, Thailand
Template: EHSR2-ARL-EHSR3AL-SEGENP00-X-ALL-TM-000002-A
ASIA ERA ONE
Figure 50: Correct Use of Crane Hooks for Hoisting
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Asia Era One Co., Ltd. Page 67 of 120
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10310, Thailand
Template: EHSR2-ARL-EHSR3AL-SEGENP00-X-ALL-TM-000002-A
ASIA ERA ONE
Figure 51: Correct Use of Crane Hooks for Hoisting (Continued)
Document No: EHSR2-ARL-EHSR3AL-SEGENP00-W-HSE-MN-000002-A
Asia Era One Co., Ltd. Page 68 of 120
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10310, Thailand
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ASIA ERA ONE
20.1.2 Lifting Equipment Inspection
• All lifting equipment need to be inspected and certified in writing.
• All items of lifting equipment should be inspected and have attached to it a sticker or tag by an
appointed competent person.
• Slings must be in good condition and not damaged or defective.
• Every sling must have an identification tag containing the information on the working load and
lifting capacities.
• Protect slings against corrosion around corners or sharp points to prevent abrasion or cutting.
• Ensure that sling shackles meet the standard requirements and have identification that clearly
states the working load limit (WLL) with no signs of rust or damage.
• Ensure that sling hooks are in good working order and have safety latches on them.
Sling tag Damaged slings
Figure 52: Sling Tag and Damaged Sling
Correct use of shackles Shackles not complying with required stand-
ards and do not have the WLL identification
Figure 53: Correct Use of Shackles
Corrosion prevention of slings around sharp points
Figure 54: Corrosion Protection of Slings
Document No: EHSR2-ARL-EHSR3AL-SEGENP00-W-HSE-MN-000002-A
Asia Era One Co., Ltd. Page 69 of 120
18 True Tower, 29th Floor, Ratchadaphisek Road, Huai Khwang District, Bangkok,
10310, Thailand
Template: EHSR2-ARL-EHSR3AL-SEGENP00-X-ALL-TM-000002-A
ASIA ERA ONE
21 Excavation, Levelling and Backfilling Safety Rules
Figure 55: Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for Excavation Work
Prior to site clearing, excavating, levelling, and backfilling using machinery or manpower, the following
inspections should be carried out to ensure the safety of workers, contractors and all personnel involved
in the construction:
• Inspect the trench stability to prevent collapse accidents and injuries to workers, road users,
and pedestrians.
• Inspect the safety of the object lifting/ handling to prevent falling accidents and injuries to work-
ers and ensure that no one is in the operating area.
• Inspect that the area under construction is cordoned off to avoid the risk of workers, machines
or vehicles falling into the excavation or trench.
• Inspect the operating range of the machines to ensure that their parts do not extend beyond the
cordoned off area which can pose serious safety risks to pedestrians.
• Inspect the electrical and utility cables within the operating range of the machines to avoid ac-
cidental contact. The accepted minimum limit of approach distance from a low-voltage overhead
line with insulation is 0.60 m., not less than 3.0 m. from 120 kV, and not less than 6.0 m. from
120 kV or more.
• Inspect the site for any underground cables, gas/oil pipelines or whether there are confined
spaces which must comply with the requirements for confined space entry.
• If excavating in a public place, contact electricity or waterworks authorities, the Telephone Or-
ganisation and the State Railway of Thailand to request approval and identify the location of the
excavation.
• Cordon off the construction area with a fence or a barrier for fall protection and post a safety
warning sign to prevent unauthorised access.
21.1.1 Excavation and Trenching
• For work taking place around excavators, there should be at least one staff to coordinate with
the excavator operators. Ensure that no one is working under the excavator arms or booms and
within the danger area as shown in the picture below.
• If an excavation or trench is more than 2 m. in depth, consider arranging for appropriate protec-
tion to prevent danger from collapse of the trench or failure of the sheet pile elements or other
support structures.
Figure 56: Trench Sheeting
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• No work is allowed in an excavation or trench more than 1.20 m. in depth and remaining open
and attended for longer than 12 hours without appropriate collapse protection in place.
• Machines or excavators should be positioned at a safe distance from open excavations at least
0.60 – 1.20 m. to prevent trench or excavation collapse due to overloading.
Figure 57: Safe Distance from Trenches
21.1.2 Excavator
• Employees operating excavators must have certification in excavator operator training and test-
ing documentation must be provided for approval of the additional permit.
• Mini excavator operators must wear their seatbelts at all times and are not permitted to operate
an excavator that is not equipped with seatbelts.
• Before operating an excavator, the following should be inspected:
o Hydraulic oil leak
o Water level
o Battery
o Oil level
o General condition of the excavator
o Regular excavator maintenance
• No unauthorised employee is allowed near/or beneath the arm of the excavator.
• Inspect that there are no obstructions in the swing and digging radius of at least 50 cm. around
the excavator.
• Ensure that there is a signalman to direct the excavator operator and monitor for any obstruc-
tions, dangerous items and other employees in the operating area.
• No excavating work is allowed in areas of height or steep slopes exceeding the limit specified
in the excavator manual.
• Park the excavator properly after finishing digging up, ensuring that the bucket is resting on the
ground and the pressure has been released.
• Cordon off the construction area with a fence or a barrier for fall protection and post a safety
warning sign to prevent unauthorised access.
Document No: EHSR2-ARL-EHSR3AL-SEGENP00-W-HSE-MN-000002-A
Asia Era One Co., Ltd. Page 71 of 120
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10310, Thailand
Template: EHSR2-ARL-EHSR3AL-SEGENP00-X-ALL-TM-000002-A
ASIA ERA ONE
21.1.3 Excavator Certification
Excavator Operator Certification
Figure 58: Excavator Operator Licence
Training date
Issue date
Figure 59: Excavator Operator Training Certificate
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Template: EHSR2-ARL-EHSR3AL-SEGENP00-X-ALL-TM-000002-A
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Detail of Operator
Detail of Excavator
Figure 60: Excavator Certification Form – Detail of Operator and Excavator
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Asia Era One Co., Ltd. Page 73 of 120
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Detail of Operation
Date of Expiration
Figure 61: Excavator Certification Form – Detail of Operation
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Inspection Date
Figure 62: Excavator Certification Form – Inspection Checklist
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Asia Era One Co., Ltd. Page 75 of 120
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Testing and inspection detail
Figure 63: Excavator Certification Form – Inspection Checklist (Continued)
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Licence and certificate of the certifying engineer
Figure 64: Excavator Certifying Engineer Licence
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Asia Era One Co., Ltd. Page 77 of 120
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ASIA ERA ONE
21.1.4 Safety in Excavation Backfilling
• Special precautions should be taken for backfilling trenches with structural support systems in
place to prevent trench collapses. There may be an assigned person responsible for monitoring
and control throughout the backfilling process.
• Employees installing concrete piles must wear appropriate safety gloves to prevent dangers
from concrete handling.
• No employee is allowed in the front or back of the compacting machine or car compactor during
the compaction process as part of the restoration work.
21.1.5 Safety in Excavation Site Preparation for Sheet Pile Installation
• Excavating a trench that is more than 2 m. in depth in which employees will be working require
sheet pile installation to prevent the trench from collapsing.
• Ensure drainage machines are readily available and operate properly.
• Ensure ventilation systems are readily available and operate properly.
• Ensure adequate lighting for nighttime operations.
• Cordon off areas in which sheet piles will be installed including handling areas of machines and
related materials to avoid and prevent dangers to the public.
• Ensure there are orange strobe lights or reflective safety warning signs installed during nighttime
operations.
• Ensure all machines and equipment are in good working order and regularly tested.
21.1.6 Sheet Pile Installation
• Ensure there are no employees working beneath the sheet piles and machine arms during the
installation process.
• Ensure there is a person designated to control the direction of the sheet pile movement using
ropes during the lifting process. Using labour to directly control the direction is not permitted.
• Using any parts of the machines to lift or to be operated by an employee is not permitted unless
appropriate fall protection equipment is worn.
• Inspect the electrical and utility cables within the operating range of the machines to avoid ac-
cidental contact. The accepted minimum limit of approach distance from a low-voltage overhead
line with insulation is 0.60 m., not less than 3.0 m. from 120 kV, and not less than 6.0 m. from
120 kV or more.
• Install guardrails around trenches which should consist of 3 structures:
o Top Rail: Minimum height is 100 cm. above the ground.
o Mid Rail: Minimum height is 50 cm. above the ground.
o Toe Rail: Minimum height is 10 cm. above the ground. The toe rail may be installed in
the appropriate position suited to the nature of fall hazards.
Figure 65: Installation of Trench Guardrails
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• The trench must be provided with a stable and strong ladder that extends at least 90 cm. above
the top of the trench.
Figure 66: Ladder Extending 9-CM Above Excavation
21.1.7 Sheet Pile Removal
• Inspect that there are no employees working beneath the sheet piles being removed.
Figure 67: Sheet Pile Wall and Excavation Danger Sign
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Asia Era One Co., Ltd. Page 79 of 120
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Template: EHSR2-ARL-EHSR3AL-SEGENP00-X-ALL-TM-000002-A
ASIA ERA ONE
22 Working in Confined Space Safety Rules
Figure 68: Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for Working in Confined Space
• Working in confined spaces requires an additional permit for Work in Confined Space. The con-
fined space entry permit must be filled out and submitted along with relevant supporting docu-
mentation such as work plans, emergency plans, medical certificates, and confined space cer-
tificate, etc.
• Post clearly legible “Danger, Confined Space, No Entry” signs at the entrance/exit of the con-
fined space.
• “Person granting permission or permit issuer, entry supervisor, attendant and authorised en-
trant” must be trained on the confined space entry as required by the law and attend refresher
training for entry into confined spaces every 5 years.
• The employees must undergo medical examination by an occupational health physician and
present their medical certificates that are less than 6 months old.
• No employees with respiratory conditions, heart diseases or any health problems deemed to be
dangerous by physicians may enter confined spaces.
• Employees working in confined spaces must be equipped with gas detection equipment and
properly trained and competent in gas detection.
• Ensure there is a measurement, a record of the measurement and the assessment of the air
condition in the confined space before and during working.
o Minimum safe level of oxygen being 19.5% and maximum level not exceeding 23.5 %.
o Flammable level not exceeding 10% of its lower flammable limit (LFL).
o Measure concentration of CO over an 8-hour period; the 8-hour Time-weighted average
(TWA) not exceeding 25ppm (ACGIH Standard, United State/2019).
o Measures concentration of H2S over an 8-hour period; the 8-hour Time-weighted aver-
age (TWA) not exceeding 1 ppm (ACGIH Standard, United State/2019).
o Measure other chemical substances.
• Provide a confined space work plan including:
o Plan for ventilation of confined spaces, procedures, hazard control measures and emer-
gency plans.
o Provide appropriate support and equipment.
o Maintain records and logs of confined space entry.
o Monitor the period during which employees remain in the confined space as appropri-
ate.
• Disconnect all electrical energy resources in confined spaces.
• Electrical systems and equipment used in confined spaces must be correctly grounded in order
to prevent electric shock.
• Ensure fire extinguishers are available for use in case of work that involves spark production.
• The appropriate PPE must be worn at all times.
• Close off confined spaces to prevent unauthorised access and prevent accidental falls.
• Provide safe and convenient way in and out of the confined space.
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• Post a sign at the entrance/exit of the confined space to alert employees or any persons of the
workplace smoking ban or prohibit fire ignition equipment or prevent introduction of ignition
sources into the confined space.
Figure 69: Safety Precautions for Working in Confined Space
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23 Chemical Handling Safety Rules
Figure 70: Personal Protective Equipment for Chemical Handling
• Read the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for all the chemicals, their hazards and guidelines for the
safe handling.
• Use the appropriate PPE such as safety goggles, gloves, respirators, etc. Ensure the PPE is in
good and safe working condition.
• Use proper containers for separating, storing, or transferring chemicals. Food or beverage con-
tainers are not permitted to be used for storing chemicals.
• Ensure proper classification and labelling of the chemicals.
• Ensure all chemical storage rooms or areas are securely locked after use.
• Use bunds or secondary containment for liquid chemical storage to prevent spills.
• Ensure the required SDSs are maintained in the workplace.
• Store acids separately from bases and solid chemicals from liquid chemicals.
• Store flammable chemicals or oxidising substances in a designated area that is separated from
other areas.
• Do not separate, store, or transfer chemicals near rainwater floor drains.
• Store chemicals according to their compatibility and hazard category.
• Chemical storage facilities or areas must be well-ventilated.
• Ensure fire extinguishers, safety equipment and first aid kits are available for use in the case of
an emergency.
• Smoking is prohibited in the workplace and chemical storage areas.
• Eating and drinking are prohibited in designated working areas.
• No spark-generating activities are allowed in the workplace and chemical storage areas.
• In the event of chemical contact on skin, immediately rinse the affected area with clean water
continuously for at least 15 minutes and remove contaminated clothing and shower immediately.
• If the chemical contacts the eyes, immediately rinse the eyes with clean water continuously for
at least 15 minutes and see a doctor immediately.
• In the event of a chemical spill, report to a direct supervisor immediately and follow the emer-
gency protocols in place and ensure the sorbent materials are removed from the area after
cleanup. Ensure there are proper indication signs and
chemical waste segregation and disposal based on the
type.
Figure 71: Secondary Containment for Liquid Chemicals
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Figure 72: Hazard Pictograms
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24 Hot Work Safety Rules – Grinding/Cutting
Figure 73: Personal Protective Equipment for Hot Work – Grinding/Cutting
• Any work that produces sparks requires an additional permit for Hot Work.
• Employee must wear the PPE while performing hot work.
• Before performing hot work, inspect the area for any flammable materials or combustible liquids
that may cause or contribute to fire and remove from the area immediately.
• Inspect that all tools and equipment are in good working order and have certification tags or
stickers attached on them. The appropriate PPE must be worn when using a grinder. If the
grinder is found to be broken or damaged, report to a direct supervisor immediately.
• Inspect that the grinder is securely attached to a stable table and have a protective cover which
must not be removed or modified.
• Ensure the workpiece is securely clamped down before starting to grind.
• Eliminate dust during grinding operations by ensuring proper ventilation, improving the ventila-
tion, or installing an exhaust system that can operate efficiently.
• Ensure the permitted rotational speed of the grinding disc is not exceeded. If the disc is found
to be broken or damaged, it should be replaced immediately.
• Cordon off the working area to prevent injuries caused by falling metal scraps.
• Make sure to unplug the grinder before replacing the disc.
• Misuse and tampering with the grinder or disc are prohibited.
• Cutting or grinding disc must be in good condition and not damaged and make sure that the
right type of disc is used. The cutting disc must not be used for grinding.
• Ensure the speed of the cutting or grinding disc matches the speed of the grinder. Do not use
the cutting or grinding discs with the speed of 1 2 2 5 0 round/second with the grinder with the
speed of 18000 round/second.
• Ensure emergency stop push buttons are installed.
• The grinders must be doubled insulated.
• Install protective barriers or curtains and cordon off the grinding area.
• Ensure fire extinguisher are easily accessible by fire watchers in the event of fire.
• Inspect and clean the area after the hot work has been completed and remain in the area and
monitor for fires at least for 30 minutes to ensure the area remains fire safe.
Figure 74: Double Insulated Symbol on Grinder and Grinding Disc Speed
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25 Hot Work Safety Rules – Electrical/Arc Welding
Figure 75: Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for Hot Work – Electrical/Arc Welding
• Any work that produces sparks requires an additional permit for Hot Work.
• Employees operating welding, cutting, or grinding equipment must be suitably trained on the
safe operation of the equipment.
• Before performing hot work, inspect the area for any flammable materials or combustible liquids
that may cause or contribute to fire and remove from the area immediately.
• Inspect the electrical equipment, tools, welding cables, grounding wires and connection cables
for any damage. If damage is found, replace it immediately.
• The appropriate PPE must be worn at all times when performing hot work including safety
shoes, goggles, respirators, welding gloves, body protection, etc.
• Ensure the grounding wire is installed close to the workpiece to prevent electric shock.
• Do not roll up wires to prevent heat accumulation.
• Ensure portable welding machines are grounded.
• Ensure ventilation during welding operations.
• Do not work in areas where flammable materials or liquids are present. If necessary, cordon off
the area with a fire barrier and ensure fire extinguishers are available in the case of an emer-
gency.
• Do not weld containers that store or were used to store flammable materials.
• Welding in confined spaces is prohibited unless there is proper ventilation and an additional
permit obtained for working in confined spaces.
• Ensure adequate fire protection on the hot work site such as fire extinguishers, welding safety
blankets, screens, or curtains.
• Inspect and clean the area after the hot work has been completed and remain in the area and
monitor for fires at least for 30 minutes to ensure the area remains fire safe.
• Ensure grounding clamp is securely fastened to the workpiece and close to where the welding
is taking place.
• Cordon off the area and post a hot work safety sign prior to starting the work.
ELCB /RCD
Figure 76: Caution Hot Work Area Sign
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Figure 77: Equipment Used in Electrical/Arc Welding Process
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26 Hot Work Safety Rules – Gas Welding
Figure 78: Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for Hot Work – Gas Welding
• Any work that produces sparks requires an additional permit for Hot Work.
• The required PPE must be worn at all times when on the work site.
• Inspect the electrical cables, welding torches, and welding machines for any damage. If damage
is found, report to a direct supervisor immediately.
• Do not work in areas where flammable materials or liquids are present. In case of necessity,
cordon off the area with a fire barrier to prevent fire and ensure fire extinguishers are available
for use in the case of an emergency.
• Do not use broken or damaged welding or gas cables.
• Do not hang items or equipment on the gas pressure regulators or hoses. Ensure that there are
protection caps in place before lifting and moving the gas cylinders.
• Do not place the gas cylinders in a horizontal position. The cylinders should be stored in a
vertical position and secured to stable fixtures.
• Store the cylinders in the shade away from flames and any source of heat. Ensure that oxygen
cylinders in storage are separated from fuel-gas cylinders.
• Welding in confined spaces is prohibited unless there is proper ventilation and an additional
permit obtained for working in confined spaces.
• Replace pressure valves or equipment immediately if found to be damaged or defective. A
check valve must also be installed.
• Employees are prohibited from working alone.
• Ensure that a sufficient number of fire extinguishers are readily available on site and easily
accessible in the event of an emergency.
• Inspect for gas leaks using soapy water. If there is a gas leak, stop the flow and dispose of the
cylinder immediately. Ensure that flashback arresters are fitted to both the oxygen and liquefied
petroleum gas (LPG) hoses behind the regulators.
• Using oil or grease as lubricants for joints or gaskets is prohibited.
• Inspect and clean the area after the hot work has been completed and remain in the area and
monitor for fires at least for 30 minutes to ensure the area remain fire safe.
Figure 79: Equipment Used in Gas Welding Process
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27 Hot Work Safety Rules – Gas Cutting
Figure 80: Personal Protective Equipment for Hot Work – Gas Cutting
• Any work that produces sparks requires an additional permit for Hot Work.
• The required PPE must be worn at all times when on the work site.
• Inspect air hoses, gas hoses or pressure regulating devices for any damage. If found, report to
a direct supervisor immediately.
• Do not work in areas where flammable materials or liquids are present. In case of necessity,
cordon of the area with a fire barrier to prevent sparks from escaping the cutting area.
• Air or gas hoses that are damaged or defective must not be used for cutting.
• Cutting is prohibited without the use of the required PPE.
• Do not hang items or equipment on the gas pressure regulators or hoses.
• Do not place the gas cylinders in a horizontal position. The cylinders should be stored in a
vertical position and secured to stable fixtures.
• Cutting in confined spaces is prohibited unless there is proper ventilation and an additional per-
mit obtained for working in confined spaces.
• Replace pressure valves or equipment immediately if found to be damaged or defective. A
check valve must also be installed.
• Do not switch between gas and air hoses due to risk of explosion. Inspect that the hoses and
flashback arrestors are in good working order.
• Ensure that a sufficient number of fire extinguishers are readily available on site and easily
accessible in the event of an emergency.
• Employees are prohibited from working alone.
• Turn off the valves of the air tanks and gas cylinders after each use.
• Inspect for gas leaks using soapy water. If there is a gas leak, stop the flow and dispose of the
cylinder immediately.
• Using oil or grease as lubricants for joints or gaskets is prohibited.
• Inspect and clean the area after the hot work has been completed and remain in the area and
monitor for fires at least for 30 minutes to ensure the area remain fire safe.
Figure 81: Equipment Used in Gas Cutting Process
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Figure 82: Oxy-Fuel Welding and Cutting
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28 Forklift Operation Safety Rules
Figure 83: Personal Protective Equipment for Forklift Operation
• Forklift operators must be trained and certified.
• Lifting a load of 1 ton or more requires an additional permit for Heavy Lifting.
• Before operating a forklift, inspect for any sign of damage. If found, report to direct supervisor
immediately.
• Seatbelts and the required PPE should be worn at all times when operating a forklift.
• Before lifting, make sure to provide a signal and that the travel path is clear of obstructions.
• When turning at an intersection or driving through a door, be sure to stop and provide a signal
before moving.
• Provide sound signals or flashing lights while moving in the reverse direction.
• Ensure that the load being carried does not obstruct the view when moving forward. Look all
around before making a U-turn, turning a corner, or turning at an intersection.
• Ensure the load is balanced and secured on both forks. If the load is longer than the forks, use
a strap or chain to secure the load.
• Do not carry the load too high that it obstructs the forward view which can result in the load
falling off causing injuries to surrounding employees.
• When operating a forklift on inclines, use a low gear and reverse down. Provide a signaller to
guide the operator when the vision is obstructed.
• Forklifts must have a capacity plate which should be clearly visible. The maximum load rated
capacity must not be exceeded.
• Designate travel lanes for forklifts and mark them clearly in buildings or areas where forklifts are
regularly operated.
• Install convex mirrors or materials of a similar nature at intersections or blind turns.
• Forklift operators should not allow others to ride on the forklifts or loads being carried.
• After use, make sure to lower the forks until they are flat on the floor, shut off the engine and
apply the parking brake.
Figure 84: 5 Common Forklift Hazards
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Before Lifting
Figure 85: Safety Precautions to Consider Before Lifting Operation
Safe Unloading
Figure 86: Safety Precautions to Consider During Unloading
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29 Material Handling Safety Rules
Figure 87: Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for Material Handling
Employees should learn and follow the correct method for lifting and moving objects and materials to
avoid injuries at work. The maximum allowable weight of lifting according to the law is as follows:
• 20 kg. for young female employee age from 15 to less than 18 years.
• 25 kg. for young male employee age from 15 to less than 18 years.
• 25 kg. for female employee
• 55 kg. for male employee
Remark: If the object is too heavy, both male and female employees should seek help from other people
or use supporting equipment.
29.1 Manual Handling
• Employees should consider the weight of the object and decide if they can lift it alone.
• If the object is too heavy, seek help from others. Do not attempt to lift the heavy object without
assistance.
• Use safety gloves to protect against cuts or abrasions
and wear safety footwear to prevent slips and falls and
protect against injuries from falling objects.
• Inspect the area around the object that is to be lifted.
Check that the route is clear of obstructions, ensuring
that the surface is not slippery and there is adequate
lighting.
• Use supporting equipment to lift or move a heavy object
to lessen the forces required.
• Hold the object below waist level and above knee level.
Never lift above shoulder level.
• Be sure to switch from heavy to light objects to allow the
body time to rest and reduce tension in muscles and
bone stress.
• Do not lift or carry objects that obstruct vision.
Figure 88: Manual Handling Steps
29.2 Hand Truck Handling
• Never exceed the rated lifting weight of the truck.
• Raise the forks slightly to move forward without having to raise all the way up. This helps reduce
the effort and force needed as well as preventing damage and maintaining balance when mov-
ing.
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• Hand lift trucks should not be loaded when not in use.
• Do not force the forks to raise when they cannot function properly. Inspect if:
o The truck become stuck with other items in the area such as nearby pallets or stuck
against the wall.
o Remove the truck from the area. Try pushing the lever up and down and pumping the
handle, ensuring that all parts are in working order. Sometimes, the lever is too loose
or too tight.
o Inspect for leaks from the hydraulic system and check the level of the hydraulic oil. Low
oil level will reduce the lifting performance. If there is evidence of a leak, inspect the oil
seal and working condition of the part that is leaking for any damage or defect.
• No one should be within the range of the forks when being operated. The safe position is behind
the handle and lever.
• The hand lift trucks should not be left exposed to outdoor sunlight or rain for long periods of time
which accelerates deterioration.
• Employees must not stand under raised forks. The forks should be lowered 30 – 40 cm. before
moving further or in reverse to prevent serious accidents.
• When using the hand lift truck on a slope, the operator should:
o Going down – Keep the truck in front of the operator. Start pushing steadily forward and
try maintaining good balance. Control the speed by pulling back with both hands on the
handle.
o Going up – Keep the truck in the back of the operator. Grip the handle with both hands
and start pushing steadily forward. Check for any objects falling from the truck.
• Pull rather than push to increase maneuverability and reduce risk of overturning.
• Do not stand or sit on the hand lift truck to avoid deterioration and prevent accidents causing
injuries to both operators and employees.
Figure 89: Hand Truck Handling
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30 Working at Height Safety Rules
Figure 90: Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for Working at Height
• Working at height from 2 m. or more requires an additional permit for Working at Height.
• Employees working at a height of more than 15 m. need to have blood pressure tests. Only
employees who have normal blood pressure are allowed to work.
• Full-body safety harnesses and retractable lifelines should be used when working at a height of
2 m. or more.
• Working at height without anchor points on roofs, building edges or transmission towers require
suitable lifeline ropes capable of supporting the weight which should be tested and reported
before using. The full-body safety harness with double lanyard should be worn at all times when
working at height.
• Prior to working at a height or depth of 2 m. or more and in open areas, the supervisor should
design and provide the appropriate fall protection equipment for employees.
o Install a guardrail that is 90-110 cm. in height to reduce the risk of falling.
o Install a scaffolding or work platform. Do not walk, stand, climb, or sit in areas not des-
ignated for working.
• The following guidelines should be followed when working at a height of 2 m. or more and in
open areas where employees are at risk of falling:
o Use safety harnesses and lifelines supported by two stable anchors.
o Ensure that the fall protection system is used and securely attached to a component of
a structure.
o Implement fall protection measures for objects and employees working at height by
installing a protective barrier, canvas sheet or safety netting. The supervising engineer
will determine the appropriate action to be taken.
• When working at height in areas of ponds or open tanks where employees are at risk of falling,
the supervisor should arrange for a guardrail that is at least 90 – 110 cm. in height to be installed
to reduce the risk of falling.
• When working at height in open areas, the supervisor should arrange for covers or guardrails
as well as visible and legible warning signs to be installed.
o Open areas not exceeding 0.80 x 0.80 m. require stable covers.
o Open areas exceeding 0.80 x 0.80 m. require stable red and white painted guardrails.
• No items or equipment may be stored in a temporary working platform or scaffolding not specif-
ically designed for such a purpose.
• Ensure that no material or object is thrown from height and that suitable containers or devices
are used to control the transport of materials or objects from height.
• The supervisor should always ensure and maintain cleanliness of the work areas.
• In case of work involving spark production, the supervisor should ensure that employees have
suitable protection in place to prevent and control the sparks generated from performing the
work.
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• In case of poor lighting conditions, the supervisor should ensure that employees have suitable
and sufficient lighting in the work areas.
• The supervisor should periodically inspect and evaluate the work areas and conditions. If the
working conditions are found to be unsafe, suspend the work temporarily and take immediate
corrective action to make the environment safe to continue the work until completed.
• Employees who have acrophobia, epilepsy, high blood pressure, diabetes, asthma, syncope,
labyrinthitis, heart disease and stroke are not allowed to do any work at height.
Figure 91: Selection of Appropriate PPE and Correct Installation of Lifeline System
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Figure 92: Full-Body Safety Harness Wearing Instructions
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Figure 93: Working at Height Fall Protection Equipment and Systems
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31 Scaffolding Safety Rules
Figure 94: Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for Scaffolding Work
Scaffolding is a temporary structure that is used in construction to support materials and employees
working at heights. The scaffolding should be made of strong and durable materials.
• Working at height from 2 m. or more requires an additional permit for Working at Height.
• Employees undertaking scaffolding erection must be trained as required by law and submit their
training certificates along with the additional work permit application form.
• When working at a height of 2 m. or more, ensure there are secure anchorage points on the
structure attached to the employees’ safety harnesses and lanyards and that the scaffolding is
built to standard prior to commencing to ensure the safe working at height.
• Scaffoldings of more than 4 m. in height must be designed and approved by a civil engineer
required by the Council of Engineers Thailand. The additional work permit application form must
be provided along with the certification.
• The work area for the scaffolding must be at least 35 cm. wide.
• Ensure that scaffolding joint pins are in place and legs are placed on a foundation that is ade-
quate for supporting intended loads and that the scaffolding is stable, remain in safe operating
condition and regularly inspected by a professional engineer.
• Inspect each item of the scaffolding prior to work commencing. Inspections should be conducted
every 7 days and documented in a safety tag placed at the entry/exit point of the scaffolding.
Tag any damaged or defective equipment of the scaffolding out of service.
• The scaffolding must be inspected prior to use following adverse weather conditions (rain or
storm) or after being struck by heavy machinery.
• Female employees are not permitted on the scaffolding of 10 m. above the ground.
• Ensure the scaffolding is safe to use.
o The scaffolding must be securely attached to the building structure and adequately sup-
ported to ensure stability and comply with installation requirements. Do not attach the
scaffolding to the lift shaft.
o The scaffolding supplies include casters, braces, joint pins, clamps, platform, and ad-
justable legs.
o Ensure the scaffolding posts are secure and level.
o Ensure that the foundation is stable and surface below the scaffolding legs and joint
pints are in good condition and capable of supporting the loaded scaffolding.
o The work area for the scaffolding must be at least 3 5 cm. wide and securely attached
to the structure. Ensure there are safe entry/exit points or ramps not over 45-degrees.
o Scaffoldings of more than 2 m. must have guardrails that are at least 90 cm. above
each platform and not more than 110 cm. above all platforms.
o Ensure the safe use of ladders.
o Install a roof safety barrier of at least 15 cm. in height to prevent objects from falling.
o The scaffolding components should not extend 15 – 20 cm. beyond the scaffolding.
o Install a toe board with a height of at least 10 cm, to prevent objects from falling over.
• The walkway must be securely attached to the scaffolding structure.
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18 True Tower, 29th Floor, Ratchadaphisek Road, Huai Khwang District, Bangkok,
10310, Thailand
Template: EHSR2-ARL-EHSR3AL-SEGENP00-X-ALL-TM-000002-A
ASIA ERA ONE
• Immediately repair any damaged or slippery scaffolding platforms. The scaffolding should be
regularly inspected by a competent person to ensure the safe operating condition.
• Ensure that the scaffolding is properly secured to prevent tilting or collapse. In case of working
near power lines or electrical devices that are no insulated, ensure that there are proper insula-
tion prior to work commencing.
• Do not stand on guardrails or work on a scaffolding that is damaged or has some floor holes on
it or without proper guardrails installed.
• Do not work on a scaffolding that has not been inspected and approved to be used or a scaf-
folding with a red tag but without a status tag.
• The scaffolding should not be overloaded in excess of its maximum rated capacity.
• Inspect the condition of the erected scaffolding, ensuring it is clear of construction materials and
a green tag is attached to indicate that the scaffolding is safe for use.
• For scaffoldings of more than 6 m. in height erected near public roads or pedestrian walkways,
consider installing anti-dust sheets or shading nets for covering the scaffoldings.
• Mobile scaffolding casters should be locked to prevent movement when in use.
• Moving a scaffolding with employees on it and making alterations without prior consent are
prohibited.
• Cordon off the scaffolding being moved and make sure that people are out of the way in which
the scaffolding might fall.
• Secure tools and materials on the scaffolding to prevent them from falling.
• Avoid using a scaffolding during adverse weather (rain or storm) or when its surfaces are slip-
pery.
• If working near power lines or devices without proper insulation, ensure that the required ap-
proach distance is maintained for each platform vertically and horizontally or arrange for the
adequate protection from the potential electrical hazards to be provided by contacting the elec-
tricity authority to temporarily install insulation around electrical wiring.
o Maintain a distance of at least 2.40 m. if the voltage is from 50 – 12,000 volts.
o Maintain a distance of at least 3 m. if the voltage is from 12,000 - 33,000 volts.
o Maintain a distance of at least 3.30 m. if the voltage is from 33,000 - 69,000 volts.
o Maintain a distance of at least 3.90 m. if the voltage is from 69,000 - 115,000 volts.
o Maintain a distance of at least 5.30 m. if the voltage is from 115,000 - 230,000 volts.
31.1 General Guidelines for Scaffolding Safety
• Scaffolding erectors – Must be well trained and certified, knowing and understanding the basics
of scaffoldings and how to erect and dismantle them safely.
• Scaffolding supervisors – Must have the required knowledge skills and competence and able to
provide competent advice to employees on erecting scaffoldings safely.
• Scaffolding users – Must always wear the required PPE such as safety harnesses when working
at a height of 2 m. or more.
• Scaffolding equipment – Use equipment specifically designed for scaffolding erection.
Figure 95: Scaffolding “Safe for Use” and “Danger – Unsafe for Use” Tags
Document No: EHSR2-ARL-EHSR3AL-SEGENP00-W-HSE-MN-000002-A
Asia Era One Co., Ltd. Page 99 of 120
18 True Tower, 29th Floor, Ratchadaphisek Road, Huai Khwang District, Bangkok,
10310, Thailand
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ASIA ERA ONE
32 Ladder Safety Rules
Figure 96: Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for Ladder Use
• Any work which involves the use of ladders that are 2 m. and over in height requires an addi-
tional permit for Working at Height.
• Ensure that all ladders used are adequately strong and not corroded. Tag any damaged or
defective as “out of service” and remove or dispose of them immediately.
• Always get the assistance of a co-worker to hold the ladder while using.
• Wear the required PPE such as:
o Safety helmets, glasses, and footwear
o Safety harnesses and lanyards when working at a height of 2 m. or more.
• Inspect that the ladders are in good condition and not damaged.
• Ladders should not be set at an angle lower than 45 degrees since they may break.
• Ladders should be secured at convenient positions and employees should keep the ladders in
reaching distance of not more than 40 cm. from their bodies.
• Ensure that the area around the ladder base is free of obstacles. In case of working on a public
road, cordon off the area and post a warning sign “Caution, Ladder in Use” on each side of the
road.
• When climbing up or down, always face the ladder and maintain the three-point contact by
keeping two feet and one hand or two hands and one foot on a ladder.
• Carry tools or equipment in a backpack or front chest pocket and use a hoist for heavy equip-
ment.
• Do not tie two ladders together to obtain additional height.
• Metal ladders must not be used for electrical work.
• Do not go above 1 m. from the top of the ladder.
• Do not stand on the top of the ladder unless there are handrails installed. Never stand on the
top two steps of the A frame ladder and top three rungs of the extension ladder.
• If using the A frame ladder, ensure it is fully open and securely locked.
Document No: EHSR2-ARL-EHSR3AL-SEGENP00-W-HSE-MN-000002-A
Asia Era One Co., Ltd. Page 100 of 120
18 True Tower, 29th Floor, Ratchadaphisek Road, Huai Khwang District, Bangkok,
10310, Thailand
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