Group 5-DYADIC RELATIONSHIP

UPPPF6033 ASSIGNMENT 1

01 INTRODUCTION
SITI NOORAZLINA BINTI ABU BAKAR

02 COMPARISON WITH LEADERSHIP
STYLES

MOHAMAD HASIF BIN MOHAMAD ISHAK

DYADIC 03 STRENGTH
RELATIONSHIP
NOOR HIDAYU BINTI MAT HUSSIN

04 CRITICISM
NUR SYUHADA BINTI RUSLI

05 APPLICATION

MOHAMMAD ASEF HOSSAINI

Dyadic Theory

STAGE OF DYADIC APPROACH

VERTICAL - DYADIC LINKAGE THEORY

01 ❏ the relationship between leaders and subordinate is more individual.
❏ this causes the followers to be divided into two groups namely in-groups (strong
social ties) and out-groups (little or no social ties).
LEADER-MEMBER EXCHANGE
❏ there is a different treatment or focus by the leader on his followers.

02 ❏ focus on the quality of each individual and impact the organization at all times.
❏ 3 life cycle:
● Stranger - Leaders and followers do not know each other
● Acquaintance - Leaders and followers understand each other better
● Mature Partnership - excellent relationships that can provide positive
results to self and organization
TEAM BUILDING

03 ❏ All followers get good service and relationship from their leaders.
❏ Leaders give followers the opportunity to feel important in the organization.
SYSTEM AND NETWORKS

04 ❏ building borderless relationships
❏ Leaders, followers, peers, customers, suppliers, and other relevant stakeholders
int hte broader community.

SITI NOORAZLINA ABU BAKAR

❏ what do you understand about this diagram?
❏ what is the approach in dyadic theory related to this

diagram?

02

04

SITI NOORAZLINA ABU BAKAR

Where can Dyadic Relationship
be found?

• Democratic Style (Iowa)
• Employee-centred style(Michigan)
• High-consideration styles (Ohio)

•

• and other leadership styles that have
RELATIONSHIP-BASED

MOHAMAD HASIF BIN MOHAMAD ISHAK

MOHAMAD HASIF BIN MOHAMAD ISHAK

ADVANTAGES OF THE LMX THEORY

1. A Unique Theory.
2. An Exceptional Theory of Leadership.
3. Focus our attention to significance of

communication in leadership.
4. Is very much valid and practical in it’s

approach.

NOOR HIDAYU BINTI MAT HUSSIN

ADVANTAGES OF THE LMX THEORY

5. Benefit to the leader.
6. Benefit to the followers -In Group Members.

NOOR HIDAYU BINTI MAT HUSSIN

Q-What is the simple strength can you
relate in 4 Stage Dyadic Approach?

1. VDL Theory ( Vertical Dyad Linkage )?
2. LMX Theory (Leader-Member Exchange

Theory?
3. Team Building?
4. Systems and network?

NOOR HIDAYU BINTI MAT HUSSIN

The simple answers:

VDL THEORY LMX THEORY

In Group -Those subordinates with In Group - People - oriented

strong social ties to their leader in a people- relationship.
oriented style. (the leader’s inner circle)
- High mutual trust
- Its members are entrusted with higher - 2 way loyalty
levels of responsibility. - Mutual Influence
- Special favor from leader
- A greater degree of influence over the
leader’s decision.

TEAM BUILDING SYSTEMS & NETWORK

- Can improve the production and -Can build the good management
quality. systems and strong networks.
How ? - The effective leader can aspire to How? - The leader relationships are not

establish relationship with all members to limited to employees, but include peers,
improve production and quality, but not just a customers, suppliers and other relevant
few special individuals. stakeholders in the broader community.

NOOR HIDAYU BINTI MAT HUSSIN

Presenter: NUR SYUHADA BINTI RUSLI

How leader follower
relationship can affect your

performance at work?

NUR SYUHADA BINTI RUSLI

Research indicates that a high quality
relationship between leader and follower
has several consequences, such as less
voluntary turnover of employees, better
attitudes at work, greater organizational
commitment, and better participation and

performance (Graen & Uhl-Bien, 1995; Liden,
)Wayne, & Stilwell, 1993

NUR SYUHADA BINTI RUSLI

What is the best
relationship between
leaders and followers?

NUR SYUHADA BINTI RUSLI

Fundamentally, a good leader - follower
relationship is about trust, openness and
respect. It goes much further than simply

doing no harm or damage to people
within their working environment. A good

LFR is one that represents true
collaboration between the partners in
and considers both the value given and

the value gained by both.

How do quality leader
member exchange

relationships influence
follower behaviour?

NUR SYUHADA BINTI RUSLI

Followers are incentivized to engage in
high-quality LMX relationships with their
supervisor because the members of this
relationship enjoy positive features such

as trust, liking and a favourable position
towards each other. The LMX can
influence supervisors' evaluation of
subordinates to assign performance
ratings.

NUR SYUHADA BINTI RUSLI

What are limitations of
LMX theory?

NUR SYUHADA BINTI RUSLI

Fairness

Criticism
of the
LMX
Theory

Exchanges Relationship

NUR SYUHADA BINTI RUSLI

FAIRNESS

★ leader–member exchange runs counter to the basic
human value of fairness.

★ LMX theory divides the work unit into two groups and
one group receives special attention.

★ discrimination against the out-group.
★ LMX theory does not address other fairness issues.
★ followers’ perceptions of the fairness of pay increases

and promotion opportunities, decision-making rules,
or communication of issues within the organization .
★ need for further research on how these types of
fairness issues affect the development and
maintenance of LMX relationships.

NUR SYUHADA BINTI RUSLI

EXCHANGES

★ basic idea of the LMX Theory are not
fully developed.

★ this theory does not fully explain
how high-quality leader-member
exchanges are created.

NUR SYUHADA BINTI RUSLI

RELATIONSHIP

★ No adequate explanation on the
contextual factors that may have an
impact on LMX relationship.

NUR SYUHADA BINTI RUSLI

Application of dyadic
theory

 What is dyadic theory?
 Who are in-group members?
 Who are out group members?
 How these two types of groups form?

Why a leader treats
individual followers
differently?

Since a leader has limited amount of resources.
Resources in terms of energy, time, attention,
personal resources, social resources and
organization resources. When a leader has a
limit amount of resources he can not distribute
these resources among every followers. What a
leader does is he distribute these resources
only among selected followers(In-group
members).

Application of dyadic theory

This theory can be applied to an organization to
examine the interaction between followers and
their leader.
The challenge that organizations are faced with
is trying to make every interaction between
leader and followers in a high quality leader-
member exchange.

LMN model, which is the third stages of
Dyadic theory, offers many insights that
leader could use to improve their own
leadership behaviour.
This model sensitize leaders to how in-
group and out-group members develop
within their own organization.

This model can also be applied in different
types of organizations. It applies in volunteer
settings as well as traditional business,
education and government settings.
This model tells leaders to be respectful and
build trusting relationships with all of their
followers.
In summary, this model tells leaders to be
aware of how they relate to their followers.