TOPIC 1: INTRODUCTION TO SOCIOLOGY IN EDUCATION
1 INTRODUCTION SOCIOLOGY Latin socius - meaning ‘companion’ Greek logos - meaning ‘the study of’ Literally sociology means the study of companionship, or social relations. It is the science or study of the origin, development, organization, and functioning of human society. It is the science of fundamental laws of social behaviour, relations, institutions, etc. Prepared by: Rabiha Maya Adiera, FEH
2 EDUCATION Latin e-ducere meaning “to lead out.” Webster defines education as the process of educating or to teaching. “The aim of education should be to teach us rather how to think, than what to think - rather to improve our minds, so as to enable us to think for ourselves, than to load the memory with the thoughts of other men.” Prepared by: Rabiha Maya Adiera, FEH
3 Relationship between Education and Sociology Emile Durkheim was the first person who indicated the need for a sociological approach to education. He considered education “to be essentially social in character and in its functions and that as a result the theory of education relates more clearly to sociology than any other science.” He emphasized that education is not a static phenomenon but a dynamic and ever-changing process. Educational sociology is by definition a discipline which studies education sociologically, with the premise that it recognizes education as a social fact, a process and an institution, having a social function and being determined socially. Educational sociology could appear only when it accepted the social nature of education. Prepared by: Rabiha Maya Adiera, FEH
4 MEANING OF SOCIOLOGY OF EDUCATION Sociology of Education may be defined as the scientific analysis of the social processes and social patterns involved in the educational system. Educational process goes on in a formal as well as in informal situations. Sociological analysis of the human interaction in education may include both situations and might lead to the development of scientific generalizations of human relations in the educational system. The sociology of education is the study of how public institutions and individual experiences affect education and its outcomes. It is most concerned with the public schooling systems of modern industrial societies, including the expansion of higher, further, adult, and continuing education. Prepared by: Rabiha Maya Adiera, FEH
5 SCOPE OF SOCIOLOGY OF EDUCATION ✓ It is concerned with such general concepts such as society itself, culture, community, class, environment, socialization, internalization, accommodation, assimilation, cultural lag, subculture, status, role and so forth. ✓ It is further involved in cases of education and social class, state, social force, cultural change, various problems of role structure, role analysis in relation to the total social system and the micro society of the school such as authority, selection, and the organization of learning, streaming, curriculum and so forth. ✓ It deals with analysis of educational situations in various geographical and ethnological contexts. ✓ It studies the effect of economy upon the type of education provided to the students. ✓ It helps us to understand the effect of various social agencies like family, school on the students. Prepared by: Rabiha Maya Adiera, FEH
6 ✓ It studies the relationship between social class, culture, language, parental education, occupation and the achievement of the students. ✓ It studies the role and structure of school, peer group on the personality of the students • It provides an understanding of the problems such as racism, communalism, gender discrimination etc. ✓ It studies the role of schools in socialization of the students. ✓ It suggests ways to develop national integration, international understanding, the spirit of scientific temper , globalization among the students ✓ It promotes research studies related to planning, organization and application of various theories in. education Prepared by: Rabiha Maya Adiera, FEH
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN EDUCATIONAL SOCIOLOGY AND SOCIOLOGY OF EDUCATION EDUCATIONAL SOCIOLOGY • To study social interaction. • It recognizes education as a social fact, a process and an institution, having a social function and being determined socially. • Importance of the interactions of different elements of the society with an individual. SOCIOLOGY OF EDUCATION • scientific analysis of the social processes and social patterns involved in the educational system. Prepared by: Rabiha Maya Adiera, FEH
8 FUNCTIONS OF EDUCATION IN SOCIETY ✓ Assimilation and transmission of culture/traditions ✓ Development of new social patterns ✓ Activation of constructive and creative forces Prepared by: Rabiha Maya Adiera, FEH