Chemistry PBL

Uses Of Vanadium,
Titanium, Molybdenum
And Nickel In Various

Industry

Name : Emily Tai Pei En
Class : 4 Newton
Year : 2021

Objective

• Determine the position of transition elements
in the Periodic Table of Elements
• Explain the special characteristics of a few
transition elements with examples
• List the uses of transition elements in various
industry

Properties of transition elements

• Solids with shiny surfaces
• Very hard compared to metals in Groups 1 and 2
• Have high densities
• Have high melting points and boiling points
• Malleable
• Ductile

Special characteristics for
several transition elements

• Act as catalyst
• Form coloured ions or compounds
• Have more than one oxidation number
• Can form complex ions

Vanadium

 Used in steel industry.
 Small amounts of vanadium can increase strength of steel.
 Vanadium steel was used for applications in axles, bicycle frames,

gears and others.
 Vanadium dioxide , VO2 is used in production of glass coatings, which

blocks infrared radiation at a specific temperature.
 Vanadate can be used for protecting steel against rust and corrosion

by conversion coating.
 Vanadium is more important in marine environments.

Titanium

 Used in manufacturing.
 Titanium alloys are used in aircraft, armour plating, naval ships, spacecraft,

and missiles because of :-

 high tensile strength to density ratio
high corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance
high crack resistance
ability to withstand moderately high temperatures without creeping

• Titanium metal is used in automotive applications, particularly in
automobile and motorcycle racing where:-
 low weight
 high strength
 rigidity

• Titanium has become more popular for designer jewelry because of its
durability. It’s inertness makes it a good choice for those who will be
wearing the jewelry in swimming pools.

Molybdenum

 Used in agriculture and healthcare industry.
 Molybdenum powder is used as a fertilizer for some plants, such as

cauliflower.
 Elemental molybdenum is used in power plants for pollution controls.

At 350 °C , the element acts as a catalyst for detection by infrared light.
 Molybdenum anodes replace tungsten in certain low voltage X-ray

sources for specialized uses such as mammography (process to examine
the human breast).
 The radioactive isotope molybdenum-99 is used for medical imaging.

Nickel

 Used in manufacture of alloy.

 Nickel is hard, malleable, ductile has a relatively high electrical
and thermal conductivity for transition metals.

 They are used in many specific and recognizable industrial,
including stainless steel, alnico magnets, rechargeable batteries and
electric guitar strings.

 Nickel is preeminently an alloy metal, and use is in nickel steels and
nickel cast irons, in which it typically increases the tensile strength,
toughness, and elastic limit.

 Nickel is an excellent alloying agent for certain precious metals and is
used in the fire assay as a collector of platinum group elements (PGE).

Conclusion

In conclusion, I had learnt about the transitions
element that are placed in Group 3 to Group 12 in
the Periodic Table of Elements.

I also know about the special characteristics of a
few transition element such as act as a catalyst,
form complex ions and others.

The uses of transition elements in various industry
is also being learn in this chapter. For example,
vanadium can increase strength of steel, titanium
can be used to make a jewelry, molybdenum used
in power plants for pollution controls and nickel
that are used to make rechargeable batteries.

I’m very appreciate to my Chemistry teacher,
Miss Yuu Yee Mei, who has help me in my
PBL by giving me idea and some important
things that are require in this task. She is
friendly and always give me the right way to
done my task.
Apart from that, I’m also be very appreciate
to my fellow friends who have sharing and
discuss their ideas and information with me.
This had helps me to do this task with more
ideas.
The convenience in the Internet has also
help me a lot in searching more information,
finding relevant videos in Youtube and
having the discussion with my friends and
my teachers.

Reference

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadium
• https://www.lenntech.com/periodic/elements/v.htm
• https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/vanadium
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titanium
• https://www.rsc.org/periodic-table/element/22/titanium
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molybdenum
• https://www.livescience.com/34687-molybdenum.html
• https://www.britannica.com/science/molybdenum
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nickel
• https://www.britannica.com/science/nickel-chemical-element
• https://www.britannica.com/science/transition-metal
• https://byjus.com/chemistry/transition-elements/