13-meissner2

Map Design: Graphic Design Basics 51

Design characteristic is correct 5.9is not correct

Contents Map symbols are subject to the following graphi- quickly
Exercises cal requirements : recognizable
Index
Quick and easy recognition, simplicity, unequiv- simple
Search ocalness, similarity to the object and originality
(Fig. 12d). unequivocal
Next results
Previous results Moreover the standardization of symbols in simi- similar
lar map series has to be considered as well as
Print the reading habits of the map user. original
Exit
To ensure the readability minimum sizes have to standardized
be kept; for this also the typical shapes have to
be paid attention to. used to through
reading

12d

© copyright: Home
Kommission Aus- und Weiterbildung,
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Kartographie
e.V., Germany 2000

c/o Reinhard Urbanke
Erlenweg 3/1
D-71394 Kernen im Remstal

EMail: [email protected]

Map Design: Graphic Design Basics 52

Map symbols 5.9

There are different kinds of map symbols (Fig. photo- modified
12e): graph basic
forms
Contents s Pictorial Symbols: ground plan images, elevation pictorial
Exercises images and image signs. symbol lines
Index
s Geometric Symbols: basic forms, lines and pic- silhouette pictorial grid
Search torial grids.
ground plan hatching
Next results s Alphanumeric signs: figures, letters. image
Previous results symbol
Their arrangement can be localized (preserva- + type
Print tion on the map, within the limits of generaliza-
Exit tion, of the correct location of places or area.),
linear (as single line or area contours) or area
like (regularly or irregularly distributed over an 12e
area).

Although they should be easy to associate, sym- radio and tv-station (Ireland)
bols have to be explained in the legend. police station (Czech Republic)
capital (USA)
© copyright: Especially the use of foreign map series requires
Kommission Aus- und Weiterbildung, the reading of the legend because familiar sym- secondary road (USA)
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Kartographie bols can have a different meaning (Fig. 12f). railway (Germany)
e.V., Germany 2000 rack railway (Switzerland)
Home
c/o Reinhard Urbanke beacon (New Zealand)
Erlenweg 3/1 memorial (Germany)
D-71394 Kernen im Remstal
12f
EMail: [email protected]

Map Design: Graphic Design Basics 53

Type 5.9

Contents Type may vary in position, thickness, width, but
Exercises as well in size, colour and letter spacing (Fig.
Index 12g).

Search Type is used either independently or as an ex- 12g
planatory addition to a symbol; it can also be
Next results used over areas.
Previous results
Type should have a good readability, should be
Print distinguishable and be in harmony with the map
Exit layout. It should adapt to the nature of the ob-
jects that are described by it.

© copyright: Home
Kommission Aus- und Weiterbildung,
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Kartographie
e.V., Germany 2000

c/o Reinhard Urbanke
Erlenweg 3/1
D-71394 Kernen im Remstal

EMail: [email protected]

Map Design: Graphic Design Basics 54

5.9.........................................................

...........
13 Map design: Graphic structure .................... .................................................................................................................
.

..................
The design of a map requires the consideration .................... ...................
of some aspects of the graphic structure. ... .................

. .................................

.
...

..
Contents ....
Exercises ............................. ............
Index ..................................
............. ......... .....
Search ...........

Next results Image of nature 13a Hydrography and vegetation …
Previous results
For the map (as an image of nature) a represen-
Print tation should be chosen in a way that the objects
Exit and phenomena of nature and culture (scale de-
pendent) are represented appropriately.

A map transfers the image of nature by a defined 13b … or hydrography and road system …
code to the imagination of humans. It is the suc-
cessful interplay of different point, line and area
symbols that allows the viewer to obtain a pre-
cise and correct image. Similar to the interrela-
tionship of geographic objects the symbols that
represent them on the map should be connected
(Fig. 13a-c).

© copyright: A quick perception of the overall picture has to 13c The park on a city plan …
Kommission Aus- und Weiterbildung, be ensured; after that a detailed reading of the
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Kartographie map is possible. Therefore the pictorial language
e.V., Germany 2000 should be as self-explanatory as possible.

c/o Reinhard Urbanke Home
Erlenweg 3/1
D-71394 Kernen im Remstal

EMail: [email protected]

Map Design: Graphic Design Basics 55

5.9.n..WUe..aun..lWsd.t.ate.a.uar.le.d-d.ra..tFu..ue.ß.rw..We iAe.r.sn.Ae.d.nu.t.se.t.dr..aa.ß.m.e..msS..tc.a.h.dw.i.o.i.mn..Fm..u.-.l.d...a........A..u..e..d..a.m...m..
Purpose of the map ...............................................................................................................
.

.... ...............................................................
. Fünffster.nster- ....................
g...
.
.................
Apart from design experience the cartographer ........D...a..m..a..s..c..h..k..e.s..t.r.....Hirschgraben................... ...........
must have enough thematic expertise and pre-
cise knowledge about the subjects that have to .Orangerie
be represented.
...K a r l s - A u e...H.kaebms.S.as.t.peh.e.fnnS.-i-.cn.h..öw..n.eKw.e.ga.Ai.re.u.ls.ss.e.s-.ic..h.t.K.üchengrabenAueteich Sieben-
. bergen
Contents Aue-
Exercises An der Karlsaue ............ stadion
Index ......... .....
...........
Search Königstr. Hochschule n.k..f.M.u..e.r.n.tz.e.e.rl.s.t.r.Sa...tß..r..e..a..ß..e....
Fra
Next results The purpose of the map is decisive. Different Innen- stadt Auefeld.............
Previous results purposes call for matching contents and appro-
priate methods of representation (Fig. 13d, e). 13d … does not nearly characterize a park
Print However, the design aesthetics must be main-
Exit tained in any case. Waldauer Fußw eg
Waldauer Wiesen
An exact preparatory work is essential. The geo- ArndtstraßeSchwimm-
graphic extension, the page size, the map pro- Unter- stadion
jection and the scale have to be defined. The neustadt
map content, the map elements and the method Auedamm
of representation (legend and style sheet) have
to be definitely defined as well. The thematic Hessen- Orangerie Seebühne
message has to be precisely formulated. kampf-
Karls-Auebahn
Karlswiese Aueteich Sieben-
bergen

Damaschkestr.Sportplätze

SStcehiönnweeAgussicht An der Karlsaue Hochschule Aue-
stadion
Innenstadt
Menzelstraße

Frankfurter Straße Auefeld

13e … and for a travel guide

© copyright: Home
Kommission Aus- und Weiterbildung,
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Kartographie
e.V., Germany 2000

c/o Reinhard Urbanke
Erlenweg 3/1
D-71394 Kernen im Remstal

EMail: [email protected]