橡胶树

橡胶树

Rubber plant

橡胶树的资料

橡胶树（学名：Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex A. Juss.) Muell. Arg.）是大戟科、橡胶树属植
物。大乔木，高可达30米，有丰富乳汁。指状复叶具小叶3片；叶柄长达15厘米，顶端有2
（3-4）枚腺体；小叶椭圆形，长10-25厘米，宽4-10厘米。花序腋生，圆锥状，长达16厘米，被
灰白色短柔毛。蒴果椭圆状，直径5-6厘米，有3纵沟，顶端有喙尖，基部略凹，外果皮薄，干
后有网状脉纹，内果皮厚、木质；种子椭圆状，淡灰褐色，有斑纹。花期5-6月。

原产于巴西，主要分布于南北纬10°内，主产区是巴西，其次是秘鲁、哥伦比亚、厄瓜多尔、
圭亚那、委内瑞拉和玻利维亚。广泛栽培于亚洲热带地区；中国台湾、福建南部、广东、广
西、海南和云南南部均有栽培。橡胶树属阳性植物。性喜高温、湿润、向阳之地，生长适宜温
度23-32℃，日照70-100%。

橡胶树是一个比较典型的热带雨林树种，是热带雨林上层的多年生热带高大乔木，经济寿
命高达30-40年，所分泌的胶乳是重要的工业原料，世界上使用的天然橡胶，绝大部分由橡
胶树生产。橡胶树的木材质轻，花纹美观，加工性能好，经化学处理后可制作高级

Information for rubber plant

Rubber tree (scientific name: Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex A. Juss.) Muell. Arg.) is a plant of the family
Euphorbia, the genus Rubber Tree. Large trees, up to 30 meters high, have rich milk. Finger-shaped
compound leaves with 3 leaflets; The petiole is up to 15 cm long and has 2 (3-4) glands at the apex; The
leaflets are oval, 10–25 cm long and 4–10 cm wide. The inflorescence is axillary, conical, up to 16 cm long,
covered with short off-white soft hairs. The capsules are oval, 5–6 cm in diameter, with 3 longitudinal
grooves, a beak tip at the apex, a slightly concave base, a thin outer peel, a reticulated vein after drying,
and a thick, woody inner peel; The seeds are oval, pale grey-brown, and striated. Flowering period is from
May to June.Native to Brazil, it is mainly distributed within 10° north and south latitude, and the main
production area is Brazil, followed by Peru, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Venezuela and Bolivia. Widely
cultivated in tropical Asia; It is cultivated in Taiwan, southern Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan and
southern Yunnan. Rubber trees are positive plants. Sex likes high temperature, humidity, sunny land, the
appropriate growth temperature is 23-32 ° C, sunshine 70-100%.

Rubber tree is a more typical tropical rainforest tree species, is the upper layer of tropical rainforest
perennial tropical tall trees, economic life of up to 30-40 years, the secretion of latex is an important
industrial raw materials, the world's use of natural rubber, the vast majority of rubber trees produced. The
wood material of the rubber tree is light, the pattern is beautiful, the processing performance is good, and
it can be made of high-grade after chemical treatment.