English Grammar for Year 4, 5 and 6

A. Choose a word that has the opposite meaning to each word in bold.

1 The boy jumped with joy when he was announced the winner of the essay-
writing competition.

A graceful B gladness C worry D sorrow

2 That is an enormous animal.

A tiny B huge C dangerous D fierce

3 That is a cheap vase, isn’t it?

A broken B common C costly D fine

4 The pupils don’t like Mary because she is proud. They like Shela because
she is __________________.

A humble B kind C arrogant D bad

5 She jumped over the low fence.

A under B below C above D through

6 The vessel sank during a bad storm.

A hid B stopped C floated D flooded

7 I cannot remember his name but I can never ____________ how we met.

A tell B show C forget D say

8 You can either eat it raw or _____________.

A hot b cooked C cold D alive

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9 We must go early because we do not want to be _______ for the show.

A late B active C slow D alert

10 His house is situated on a high land.

A far B low C tall D long

11 We won the handball match. It was a great victory.

A success B happiness C fortunate D defeat
D depart
12 The flight from London will arrive at two o’clock.

A come B enter C land

13 Mrs Samy has a loud voice but her husband has a __________ voice.

A heavy B clear C soft D week

14 My cough is getting worse.

A bad B better C good D well

15 She is present today but was _____________ yesterday.

A early B late C absent D came

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1 Adjectives tells us more about a person, animal or thing ( nouns and pronouns)

Eg: (a) Salleh is a tall boy. ( tall tells us about Salleh )
(b) That thick book is very heavy. ( thick tells us about the book )
(c) Wild animals are kept in cages in the zoo. ( wild tells us about the
animals)
(d) Iman’s grandfather is busy. ( busy tells us about Iman’s grandfather )

2 We can also use adjectives to compare people, animals, places and things.
There are three degrees of comparison: positive, comparative and superlative.
* The positive form of the adjective is used when no comparison is made.

Eg: (a) She is a smart girl.
(b) He is a fast runner.
(c) The cat is a quiet animal.

• The positive form is also used when comparing two persons or things that are similar or
equal.

Eg: (a) We are as slow as the other group. TICERtINA
(b) She is as kind as her father.
(c) Tony is as hungry as his uncle.
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• The comparative form is used when two unequal persons, places or things are compared.
• The comparative form of many adjectives is formed by adding –er to the adjective.

Eg: (a) He is older than my father.
(b) I am taller than my sister.
(c) They are younger than I am.

• The comparative form of some adjectives is formed by adding more to the adjective.

Eg: (a) The problem is more difficult than that.
(b) My story book is more interesting than yours.
(c) She is more hardworking than her brother.

• The superlative form is used when three or more persons, places or things are
compared.

• The superlative form of many adjectives is formed by adding –est to the adjective.

Eg: (a) This is the shortest way to the post office.
(b) The ‘Kancil’ is the smallest car in Malaysia.
(c) Khairi is the strongest boy in his class.

• The superlative form of some adjectives is formed by adding most to the adjective.

Eg: (a) Karmila is the most beautiful girl in my village. TICERtINA
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(b) Chong is the most hardworking boy.

(c) Chun Yap is the most disobedient pupil in class.

Note: The spelling of some adjectives changes completely when they are used in the
comparative and superlative degrees.

Adjectives in comparison:

Positive Comparative Superlative
bad worse worst
big bigger biggest
black blacker blackest
brave braver bravest
bright brighter brightest
busy busier busiest
cheap cheaper cheapest
clean cleaner cleanest
clever cleverer cleverest
clumsy clumsier clumsiest
cruel crueler cruelest
dark darker darkest
dirty dirtier dirtiest
early earlier earliest
easy easier easiest
far farther/further farthest/ furthest
fast faster fastest
fat fatter fattest
fierce fiercer fiercest
friendly friendlier friendliest
good better best
great greater greatest
hard harder hardest
happy happier happiest
heavy heavier heaviest
hot hotter hottest
kind kinder kindest
late later latest
light lighter lightest
long longer longest
naughty naughtier naughtiest
old older oldest
poor poorer poorest
proud prouder proudest
rich richer richest
sad sadder saddest

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sharp sharper sharpest
short shorter shortest
small smaller smallest
slow slower slowest
soft softer softest
strange stranger strangest
strong stronger strongest
tall taller tallest
thin thinner thinnest
quiet quieter quietest
ugly uglier ugliest
warm warmer warmest
weak weaker weakest
wise wiser wisest
young younger youngest

• “More” and “ most” are used with adjectives of two or more syllables.

Positive Comparative Superlative

active more active most active
beautiful more beautiful most beautiful
careful more careful most careful
colourful more colourful most colourful
confused more confused most confused
difficult more difficult most difficult
expensive more expensive most expensive
famous more famous most famous
fascinating more fascinating most fascinating
generous more generous most generous
graceful more graceful most graceful
handsome more handsome most handsome
hardworking more hardworking most hardworking
important more important most important
intelligent more intelligent most intelligent
interesting more interesting most interesting
popular more popular most popular
responsible more responsible most responsible

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• With some adjectives, the Comparative and Superlative are different from the Positive.

Positive Comparative Superlative

bad worse worst
far farther farthest
good better best
little less least
many more most
much more most
old elder/ older eldest/ oldest

(A) Fill in the blanks with the words from the box.

worse heavy little most famous sharper
dirtiest smallest tallest most beautiful best
weaker better fastest fat
fierce

1 Adam is a very skilful player. He is the ___________________ player in the team.
2 Afrina is very pretty. She is the _________________ woman in his room.
3 Pupils from the ______________________ classroom will be punished.
4 Hariz is ________________ in art than Khairi because he won the first prize.
5 Hawa is __________________ than Nurul in Mathematics.
6 He is the _________________ boy in the school.
7 My answers were ___________________ than Farhana’s answers.
8 He still eats a lot although he is already very __________________________.
9 This box is not light. It is _________________.
10 This knife is ___________________________ than that one.

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11 P. Ramlee was the _____________________ Malay singer.
12 A ____________________ boy fell into the huge drain.
13 The lion is a ____________________ animal.
14 He wanted the _______________________ toy in the basket.
15 Zikry won the race because he was the ___________________________.

(B) Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the adjectives in brackets.

1 Aqliya is _______________________ than Aida. TICERtINA
( slim , slimmer , slimmest )

2 The tomato soup is as _______________ as the soup my mother makes.
( tastier , tasty , tastiest )

3 Her results are _________________ than mine.
( good , better , best )

4 This van is ______________than the other van.
( small , smaller , smallest )

5 Is Mount Everest the ______________ mountain in the world?
( high , higher , highest )

6 It is not good to laugh at people who are _________________.
( far , fatter , fattest )

7 He is the _____________ man I have ever met.
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( kind , kinder , kindest )
8 She is ____________ than I am.

( old , older , oldest )
9 Afifah is the ___________________ in this family.

( young , younger , youngest )
10 This bag is expensive but that one is even _______________________.

( expensive , more expensive , most expensive )

(C) Choose the correct answer to fill in each blank.
1 Jertih is __________________ town from the village. It is _______________ Setiu.

A the nearest, nearer B nearest , nearer than C the nearest , nearer than

2 Who is the __________________ boy in class?

A lazy B most laziest C laziest D lazier

3 My watch is _________________ yours.

A as new as B new C newer D as new

4 Winter is _____________ of the four seasons.

A cold B as cold as C the coldest D colder than

5 I’m feeling very _________________ , thank you.

A better B the best C well D best

6 Helmi can run _______________, so can Zisham but Ammar runs ____________ of
them all.

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A fastest, the faster B fast , faster C fast, the fastest

7 There are three cars in the showroom. The red car costs ______________ than the blue
one but the yellow car costs the __________________.

A a few, least B a little, most C less, little D less, least

8 Aleina is _____________ and the ______________ child in the family.

A the youngest, most obedient B young , more obedient

C younger, most obedient D the youngest, more obedient

9 Many people do not like my uncle because he is ___________.

A proud B proudly C more proud D as proud as

10 These noodles do not taste _____________ those sold by the hawker.

A best B better C good D as good as

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NOTES:

Nouns can be singular or plural in number.

Eg:

Singular Plural
lamp lamps
foot feet
potato potatoes

Plural nouns are formed from singular and nouns in the following ways.
• by adding “ s “

Singular Plural
bananas bananas

shoe shoes
duck ducks

• by adding “es” to nouns that end in “s”, “ss”, “x”, “ch”,”sh” and “o”

Singular Plural
bus buses
class classes
box boxes
watch watches
bush bushes
buffaloes
buffalo tomatoes
tomato

Exceptions: radios
radio pianos
piano

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• by adding “ies” to nouns ending in “y”

Singular Plural
baby babies
lady ladies

Exceptions: valleys
valley keys
key boys
boy

• by adding “ves” to nouns ending in “f”

Singular Plural
calf calves
shelf shelves
loaf loaves

Exceptions: dwarfs
dwarf hoofs
hoof roofs
roof

• complete change Plural
children
Singular
child oxen
ox feet
foot teeth
tooth geese
goose men
man mice
mouse
Plural
• without change deer
sheep
Singular clothing
deer furniture
sheep

clothing
furniture

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(A) Write the plural form for the following singular nouns.

1 tent ___________________ 2 dwarf _______________________
3 class ___________________ 4 lady _______________________
5 bus ___________________ 6 woman _______________________
7 match ___________________ 8 niece _______________________
9 mouse ___________________ 10 life _______________________
11 thief ___________________ 12 clothing _______________________

( B) Fill in each blank with the correct word from the brackets.
1 The shop sells ____________________( watches , watch )
2 This is a cow but those are ____________________( buffaloes , buffalo )
3 I hurt my ___________________ when a thick book fell on it. ( feet , foot )
4 She used up a ____________________ of tissue. ( box , boxes )
5 Mr and Mrs Chong have two __________________;a son and a daughter. ( child ,
children )
6 One of Pak Rahman’s __________________was stolen last night. ( goose , geese )
7 Mr Tan complained that the ____________________ of his house was leaking. (roof
, roofs)
8 Kevin scored top _________________ in the final examination. ( mark , marks )
9 She bought two _________________ of bread on her way home. ( loaf , loaves )
10 “Don’t play with ________________ or you may burn down the house.” (match ,
matches)

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The following words are used to ask questions.
1 Who, whom, whose are used for people.

Eg: (a) To whom must I send this letter?
(b) Who won the first prize in the contest?
(c) Whose book was found in the dustbin?

2 What and which are used for people and things.

Eg: (a) What is she doing there
(b) Which chair is broken?
(c) What were the cats playing with?

3 Why is used to ask for reasons.

Eg: (a) Why did Zairul cry?
(b) Why does she like to sleep in the afternoon?

4 How is used to ask the way in which something is done. It can also be used to ask
about amount and number.

Eg: (a) How do you make a kite?
(b) How much water does she need?
(c) How many people will be here tomorrow?

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5 Where is used to ask about places.

Eg: (a) Where are they meeting?
(b) Where is the game going to be held?

6 When is used to ask about time.

Eg: (a) When do the school holidays start?
(b) When will your father come?

(A) Fill in the blanks with the words from the box. You can use some words more than
once.

who which what where why

when how whom whose

1 __________ are they laughing? TICERtINA
2 __________ do you tie a knot?
3 With __________ did you come?
4 __________ is going to help me?
5 __________ son won the race?
6 __________ does the show begin?
7 __________ is the highest building?
8 __________ are the children doing there?

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9 __________ flowers are the most beautiful?
10 __________ will the concert be held? Is it at the school hall?

(B) Read the following responses and form suitable questions for them using “What”,
“When”. “Where” , “Why” , “Who” , “Which” , “Whose” , or “How”.

1 She goes to school by bus.
________________________________________________________________________

2 I can start work immediately.
________________________________________________________________________

3 The time is now half past twelve.
________________________________________________________________________

4 The cheetah is the fastest animal on land.
________________________________________________________________________

5 Mr Siva was driving the car.
________________________________________________________________________

6 The clinic is situated next to the pharmacy.
________________________________________________________________________

7 I will be wearing the blue shirt.
________________________________________________________________________

8 Rohaizat ate all the ice cream.
________________________________________________________________________
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9 We are going to see a show tonight.
________________________________________________________________________

10 I borrowed Nurin’s bicycle.
________________________________________________________________________

11 The dog is barking because there is a stranger at the gate.
________________________________________________________________________

12 The doctor will be here in half an hour’s time.
________________________________________________________________________

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The simple present tense is used to state:

• habitual action Eg: a) I wake up at 7 a.m. every day.

b) She usually goes to the library every Saturday.

c) They sleep late every night.

d) He always works late on Mondays.

• a fact or universal truth Eg: a)He is a kind person.
b) She lives in a big bungalow.
c) The sun rises in the east.
d) Frogs eat insects.

NOTE: For the simple present form, always add an “s” to the verb when the subject is
1 singular, except for “I” and “you”.

Examples: comes
He
She
It

I home early every day.
You
We come
They

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2 The table shows how am, is, and are are used in the simple present tense.

• am is used with I

• is is used with a singular subject.

• are is used with a plural subject, except for “you”.

Examples: am
I is
He
She ready to go.
Mary are
You
We
They

3 Have and has are used to show possession, in the simple present tense:

• has is used with a singular subject.

• have is used with a plural subject except for “I” and “you”.

Examples: has a hobby.
He have
She
Mary
Everyone
Each of them
I
You
We
They
Peter and Jane
All of them

(A) Fill in the blanks with the simple present tense form of the words given in brackets.

1 She ____________ at a Chinese restaurant. (work) TICERtINA
2 I _____________ music classes on Saturdays. (attend)

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3 Taufiq ____________ a glass of milk every night. (drink)
4 The boys often ____________ too loudly in the library. ( talk)
5 My mother always ____________ me with my homework. (help)
6 We usually ____________ around 10 o’clock at night. ( sleep)
7 Farhana ____________ to parties whenever she gets the chance. (go)
8 Amirah ____________ on the piano every day. ( practice )
9 Hariz ____________ his grandparents in Johor once a month. (visit)
10 Adha ____________ groceries from the supermarket. (buy)

(B) Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the words in brackets.
Bear ____________ (be) dangerous animals. They may look cute and silly but

they ____________ (be) actually fierce and wild. Bears ____________( be) flesh- eating
mammals. They also ____________ ( eat) variety of roots and fruits. Bears
____________ (love) honey. They _____________ (have) a thick coat which (be) either
brown or black in colour. The polar bear ____________ (have) a heavy white coat to
protect it from the cold. Although polar bears may appear to be large and heavy, they
can ran rather faster. Polar bears ____________ (live ) in caves and ____________
(feed) on fish and seals.

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(C) Choose the best answer to fill in the blank.

1 Fikri ____________ a hardworking boy.

A are B is C were D am

2 My grandfather ____________ a walk early in the morning every Sunday.

A takes B takingC took D take

3 The children ____________ hockey every evening.

A plays B played C playing D play

4 Do they ____________ any magazines to read?

A has B having C have D had

5 The pipe ____________ leaking yesterday.

A is B were C are D was

6 Does she ____________ her clothes every day?

A washes B washing C washed D wash

7 He will not ___________ today because he is sick.

A come B comes C coming D came

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8 She ____________ many dresses in the cupboard.

A has B have C had D having

9 Syafiq can ____________ as fast as a horse.

A runs B running C run D ran

10 My mother ____________ the rubbish into the bin.

A throw B threw C throwing D throw

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The present continuous tense is used:
• To show an action that is going on at the moment of speaking.

Eg:
He is working at the moment.
She is bathing now.
They are exercising now.
Look! The dog is eating a lizard.

• To show a continuous action happening now but not necessarily at the moment.
Eg:
We are taking karate lessons.
I am still reading the story book.
They are studying for their exams.

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(A) Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb given in brackets.
1 Afifah is in her room. She ________________ . (study )
2 The boys are in Australia. They _______________ their holidays with their uncle in

Perth. (spend)
3 My neighbours moved out last week. They ________________ in Taman Maluri

now. (stay)
4 Intan loves to read. She ______________ now _______________ “The Naughty

Monitor”. (read)
5 Everyone is in the living room. They _____________ television. (watch)
6 Look at Aidil and Afiq. It’s almost noon and they _______________ still

_______________. (sleep)
7 Rohaizat cannot come to the phone right now. He _______________. (bathe)
8 What _____________ she ______________ at the moment? (do)
9 Listen! Someone ______________ on the door. (knock)
10 Look over there. The boys _______________ butterflies. (catch)

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(B) Rewrite the following sentences in the present continuous tense.
1 Mulan runs very fast.

____________________________________________________________________
2 They wait for the bus.

____________________________________________________________________
3 The cobbler mends my shoes.

____________________________________________________________________
4 Fazreenatul cleans her room.

____________________________________________________________________
5 Aqilah and Natasha learn French from a private tutor.

____________________________________________________________________
6 I eat toast with jam and butter.

_____________________________________________________________________
7 Firdaus rides his bicycle to school.

_____________________________________________________________________
8 Taufiq helps his father in the shop.

_____________________________________________________________________
9 Mrs Chandra knits and listens to the radio.

_____________________________________________________________________

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10 Aida makes sandwiches while Iman mixes the drinks.
_____________________________________________________________________

(C) Choose the best answer to fill in each blank.

1 “Look! The thief __________ away,” said the policeman.

A was getting B were getting C is getting D are getting

2 The laziest boy in the class _________ by the headmaster.

A was scolded B were scolded C is scolding D was scolding

3 She __________ to the airport now.

A drive B is driving C are driving D was driving

4 The girls __________ at the school field.

A practice B are practicing C were practicing D practices

5 Miss Wong __________ the letter to Miss Kumar.

A is delivering B are delivering C delivers D deliver

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The simple past tense is used to show an action that happened in the past ( at a known or
unknown time)

Eg:
Mother baked a cake just now.
We watched the film last night.
He slipped and fell on the wet floor.

NOTE:
1 The simple past tense of verbs can be formed by:
• Adding “ed” to the verb

Eg: open- opened jump- jumped
walk- walked show- showed shout- shouted
talk- talked

• Adding “d” to the words ending in “e”

Eg: bake- baked like- liked
love- loved lie- lied smoke- smoked
live- lived

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* Changing “y” to “I” before adding “ed” to words ending in “y”, except when the “y”
follows a vowel.

Eg: try- tried say- said
carry- carried fry- fried pay- paid
bury- buried

• Changing the spelling

Eg: run- ran buy- bought
fight- fought eat- ate fly- flew
sing- sang drink- drank break- broke
bite- bit
put- put
• Not changing the spelling at all set- set

Eg: beat- beat
cut- cut hurt-hurt
hit- hit

2 The table shows when to use was and were:

Examples: was happy.
I TICERtINA
He
She
It

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• Were is used with a plural subject, except for “you”

Examples:

You were happy.
We
They

(A) Give the simple past tense form of the following words.

79 TICERtINA

1. Ask 11. Catch
2. Enter 12. Throw
3. Win 13. Bring
4. Drive 14. Fly
5. Draw 15. Blow
6. Write 16. Skip
7. Paint 17. Cry
8. Swim 18. Laugh
9. Cook 19. Hide
10. Wash 20. Push

(B) Rewrite the following sentences in the correct tense using the words given in brackets.
1 I post the letter. (just now)

_____________________________________________________________________
2 Aiman works in a shoe factory. (two years ago)

_____________________________________________________________________
3 Rahman walks to school. (last Friday)

_____________________________________________________________________
4 Wendy gets many presents. (last Christmas)

_____________________________________________________________________
5 We are so tired and hungry. (after the show)

_____________________________________________________________________
6 Selvi, Rani and Lisa are at the party. (last night)

_____________________________________________________________________
7 Our grandparents visit us. (last week)

_____________________________________________________________________
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8 She screams because she sees a mouse. (just now)
_____________________________________________________________________

9 I prepare lunch for my family. (yesterday)
_____________________________________________________________________

10 He is late so he misses the bus. (that day)
_____________________________________________________________________

(C) Use the correct form of the words in the brackets to complete the passage below.
Long ago, near a pond in a park, there ____________(is) a kind tree called Willow. One
night, Willow ____________(see) the moon’s reflection in the pond. He ___________ (think)
that the moon had fallen from the sky and was drowning. Willow ____________( jump) into the
pond to save the moon, but the reflection only ____________ (breaks) into pieces. Willow
_________ (is) very sad as he thought that he had destroyed the moon. He ___________
(begin) to cry until he _____________( fall) asleep. When Willow woke up, he
____________(see) the moon up in the sky again. He was overjoyed. To make sure that the
moon did not fall into the pond again, Willow ____________ (decide) that he would always live
by the pond and watch over it every night.

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The past continuous tense is used :
• To show a continuous that happened at some specified or unspecified time in the past.

Eg:
I was listening to the radio just now.
Jim was watching television a few minutes ago.
He was working from seven to eleven last night.

• To show two actions that happened at the same time.
Eg:

While I was bathing, the telephone rang.
Mother was making lunch when we left the house.
Ali was bathing while Aziz was washing the car.

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A) Rewrite the following sentences in the past continuous tense.
1 The little girl always cries.

_____________________________________________________________________
2 They sang and danced all night.

_____________________________________________________________________
3 Julia listened to the radio and did her homework.

_____________________________________________________________________
4 He talked and ate at the same time.

_____________________________________________________________________
5 Mr Woo plays golf.

_____________________________________________________________________
6 She practised on her violin daily.

_____________________________________________________________________
7 Bella studied hard for her final examination.

_____________________________________________________________________
8 Everyone had a great time in Pulau Pangkor.

_____________________________________________________________________
9 Puan Siti washed the dirty clothes.

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_____________________________________________________________________
10 The children played on the beach.

_____________________________________________________________________

(A) Choose the correct answer from the words given in the brackets.
1 I was afraid as it _____________ (got , was getting ) dark.
2 He ________________ ( is living , was living ) in London a year ago.
3 They ________________ ( are working , were working) from nine to five yesterday.
4 She called while we _________________ (have, were having ) dinner.
5 The naughty boy _____________ always ______________ ( was…thinking, were …

thinking) of new tricks.
6 I _______________ ( walked, was walking ) home from school when I met her.
7 It _______________ (was raining , rained ) when I left the house this morning.
8 Puan Noraini ________________ (was teaching , is teaching ) when Rahimah walked

into the classroom.

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The simple future tense shows on action that will take place in the future.

Eg:
We shall go to Johor tomorrow.
He will retire early.
Vicky will do her homework afterwards.

NOTE:
The use of shall and will:

• Shall is used with “I” or “we” to show a future action.
Examples:

I shall/will
We

You sleep soon.
He will
She
They
It

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(A) Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs given in brackets.

1 My grandparents ______________ us next month. ( visit )
2 Azila ______________ us when she reaches home. ( call )
3 He ______________ us how to make a kite next week. ( teach )
4 She _______________ her homework in half an hour. ( finish )
5 Mrs yap _______________ the letter tomorrow morning. (post )
6 Puan Yusliha _______________ her children home later. ( take )
7 Mother ________________ Maslia to school afterwards. (drive )
8 I ________________ the photographs tomorrow. ( bring )
9 The bus _______________ in an hour’s time. ( leave )
10 Hurry up, Zita! The bell _______________ soon. ( ring )

(B) Fill in the blanks with the correct answers.
1 She ______________ angry if you lie to her. ( be , is )
2 Juliza _______________ for you at the cinema. ( will wait , shall wait )
3 It _______________ soon. ( will rain , shall rain )

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4 Everyone ________________ the meeting tomorrow. ( will attend , attended )
5 Daniel ______________ to the headmaster about the matter when he returns.

( will speak , shall speak )
6 Either John or Maria _______________ the piano at the concert tomorrow. ( will

play , was playing )
7 We _______________ again next Monday and continue our discussion. ( meet, shall

meet )
8 The girls _______________ their new dresses to the party tomorrow. ( will wear ,

wore )
9 All of us _______________ to read at least one story book a month. ( will try , trying)
10 The students ______________ their examination results next week. ( will get , got )

(C) Choose the best answer to fill in each blank.

1 My father ________________ to Kuala Lumpur if it doesn’t rain.

A go B will go C goes D went

2 He will not ______________ today because he is sick.

A come B comes C coming D came

3 Everybody should ______________ to the Welfare Department.

A donates B donating C donation D donate

4 She will ______________ the parcel tomorrow.

A send B sending C sends D is sending

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5 “I think it _____________ tonight,” said Mr Tham.

A is raining B will rain C raining D rained

6 She ______________ is an apartment if she has enough money.

A lives B will live C was living D live

The future continuous tense is used to show a continuous action that will take place at a
certain time in the future.

Eg:
Alicia will be singing at the concert next Friday.
I shall be waiting at the airport tonight.
We will be meeting him tomorrow.

(A) Rewrite the following sentences in the future continuous tense.

1 I shall wait for him.
_____________________________________________________________________

2 My cousins visit me quite often.
_____________________________________________________________________

3 Cik Azizah will teach us English.
_____________________________________________________________________

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4 We shall eat ice cream afterwards.
_____________________________________________________________________

5 He will help Uncle Johan to wash the car.
_____________________________________________________________________

6 I will see him tonight.
_____________________________________________________________________

7 Bakri will keep all the money.
_____________________________________________________________________

8 Tina will study in the same school.
_____________________________________________________________________

(B) Underline the correct words given in brackets.
1 This time tomorrow we ( will sit , will be sitting ) in a plane.
2 Velvet ( will be studying , study ) there for next two years.
3 Hock Leng ( will be taking , were taking ) a computer course during the holidays.
4 She ( will be celebrating , celebrate ) her thirteenth birthday soon.
5 Mother ( will be driving , was driving ) the car to the market tomorrow.
6 I ( will be sleeping , will sleep ) by the time father gets home from work tonight.
7 Hariz ( will be learning , learn ) how to drive soon.
8 The boys ( will be playing , play ) in the field afterwards.
9 She ( will be staying , stayed ) at her uncle’s house in Taiping next month.

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10 They ( be working , will be working ) from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. tomorrow.
11 You ( will be going , go ) to the market tomorrow morning.
12 She ( will be wearing , wearing ) the blue dress for the dinner tonight.

1 The perfect tense shows an action that has already taken place, but we do not know
the exact time it took place.

I have gone already.
haven’t eaten it yet.
He seen it
She has taken it
It hasn’t blown it
completed it
You have thought about it
We haven’t
They slept
caught it
sang it

‘Yet’ is used with ‘hasn’t’ or ‘haven’t’. ‘Already’, ‘never’, ‘ever’ and ‘before’ are used with ‘has’
or ‘have’.

Examples: I have never been to Thailand.

She hasn’t done her work yet.

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2 The present perfect continuous tense shows an action which started in the past and
still happening.

I have been going since yesterday.
haven’t been eating it for just now.
He seeing it two days.
She has been taking it
It hasn’t been blowing it
completing it
You have been thinking about it
We haven’t been sleeping
They catching it
singing it

‘Since’, ‘for’, ‘ever’, ‘never’, etc are used with the present perfect continuous tense.
Examples: You haven’t been sleeping well for sometime.

We have been talking since lunch.

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(A) Underline the correct words. TICERtINA
1 Rita has just ( told , telling ) us the good news.
2 A few pupils ( has , have ) broken the school rules.
3 Rozita has ( come , came ) to my house many times before.
4 Has Sarina ( injured , injuring ) herself?
5 They ( has , have ) beaten us at chess a couple of times before.
6 Azlita hasn’t ( corrected , correction ) her mistakes yet.
7 All the members ( has , have ) decided to cancel the trip.
8 He ( has, have ) promised to take me to the circus.
9 Do not disturb the hen. It ( hasn’t , haven’t ) laid any eggs yet.
10 Has your sister ever ( drove , driven ) alone to Pulau Pinang?
11 Her friends have never ( spoke , spoken ) to me politely.
12 What have you ( done , doing ) to my plants?
13 Shira should ( has , have ) listened to her parents’ advice.
14 Have they (noticed, noticing ) the change in you?
15 His parents have already ( sees , seen ) her report card.

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(B) Change the words in the brackets to the correct tense to fill in the blanks.
1 The fire ________________ ( burn ) since dawn.
2 _______________ you _________________ (complete) the project?
3 We _______________ (plant) sugarcane ever since we bought the farm.
4 The bell _______________ (ring ) . It’s time to go home.
5 Maimunah _______________ (play) the violin since she was five.
6 They _______________ (not ) ________________ (solve) the problem yet.
7 The firemen _______________ (put) out the fire.
8 I _______________ (send) back the rotten eggs.
9 The tailor _______________ (sew) my shirt since this afternoon.
10 The train from Singapore _______________ just ______________ (arrive)

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accountant One who keeps and checks business accounts
acrobat One who does daring gymnastic stunts
administrator One who controls and directs the affairs of a business
apprentice One who learns a trade while working for someone
archaeologist One who studies historical remains
architect One who plans buildings and make sure they are built properly
artist One who produces works of art like drawings and paintings
astrologer One who foretells things by the stars
astronomer One who studies the stars
auctioneer One who sells things by auction
author One who writes books
baker One who bakes and sells bread and cakes
banker One who runs a bank
barber One who cuts men’s hair
blacksmith One who makes things out of iron
butcher One who slaughters animals and sells the meat
caddie One who carries clubs for a golf player
caretaker One who is employed to look after a school or public building
carpenter One who does woodwork
cashier One who receives and pays out money in a bank, shop, etc
charwoman One who does the cleaning of shops, offices and houses
chauffeur One who is employed to drive a car for someone
chef The head male cook in a hotel or restaurant
clerk One who is employed in an office to file records, keep records, etc
coastguard One who watches the coast and prevents unlawful activities at sea
cobbler One who mend shoes
comedian One who tells jokes or does amusing things to make people laugh
composer One who writes music
confectioner One who makes and sells cakes, pastries, sweets, etc
contractor One who agrees to work or provide materials for a certain price
curator One who takes charge of a museum or an art gallery
cutler One who makes, sells and repairs knives and other cutting tools

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dentist One who checks people’s teeth
detective One who finds out information about criminals
doctor One who treats sick people
draper One who deals in cloth and cloth goods
draughtsman One who prepares plans and drawings of buildings
editor One who edits or takes charge of a magazine, newspaper or book
electrician One who sets up, controls and repairs electrical apparatus
engineer One who plans and builds roads, bridges, machines, etc
farmer One who owns or manages a farm
fishmonger One who sells fish
florist One who sells flowers
foreman One who supervises a group of workers
fruiterer One who sells fruit
geologist One who studies rocks and soils
grocer One who sells provisions like sugar, coffee, etc
groom One who takes care of horses
hairdresser One who cuts and sets hair
hawker One who sells goods in the street
herbalist One who grows or sells herbs
inventor One who creates or designs new things
invigilator One who watches over pupils in an examination
ironmonger One who deals in iron and other metal goods
jeweller One who deals in jewels
jockey One who rides a horse in horse races
journalist One who writes for newspapers and magazines
judge One who hears and decides cases in court
lawyer One who gives advice in matters concerning the law
librarian One who is in charge of a library
locksmith One who makes and mends locks
manager One who directs and controls a business, or other activity
matron One who manages the nursing staff of a hospital
mechanic One who repairs machines and engines
miner One who work in a mine
navigator One who directs the course of a vessel on the sea or in the air
newsagent One who sells newspapers for the publisher
novelist One who writes novel
nurse One who takes care of sick or injured people in a hospital
optician One who tests eyesight and sells spectacles
peddler One who goes from house to house trying to sell things
peon One who does odd jobs and runs errands in an office
pharmacist One who compounds and sells drugs
photographer One who takes pictures with a camera

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pilot One who guides a ship or flies an aeroplane
plumber One who fits and repairs water pipes, bathroom apparatus, etc
poet One who writes poems
Police officer A member of the police force
porter One who carries luggage at the railway station
postman One who delivers letters
potter One who makes pottery (pots, cups, etc)
poulterer One whom sells poultry ( hens, ducks, etc)
referee One who is a judge in a game
reporter One who gathers news for a newspaper
sailor One who works on a ship
salesman One who sells things in a shop or from door to door
scavenger One who searches for useable objects among rubbish
scientist One who knows much about the natural sciences
sculptor One who produces art works in stone, wood, clay, metal, etc
seamstress One who sews clothes for others for a fee
secretary One who keeps records, arranges meetings, etc for someone
shepherd One who looks after sheep in the fields
shipwright One who builds and repairs ships
soldier A member of an army
stationer One who deals in writing materials, paper, pens, etc
stenographer One who records or writes in shorthand
stevedore One who loads and unloads ships
steward One who attends to the needs of passengers in a ship or airplane
surgeon A doctor who performs operations
surveyor One who surveys lands
tailor One who cuts and makes clothes
tinker One who mends pots, pans, etc
tobacconist One who guides tourists to various places of interest
Tourist guide One who guides tourists to various places of interest
trader One who buys and sells goods
undertaker One who manages funerals
usher One who treats the diseases of animals
waiter One who serves at tables in a restaurant

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(A) Match the following people with the work they do

1. veterinarian repairs machines and engines
2. dentist mends shoes
3. jockey checks and treats people’s teeth
4. hawker writes for newspapers and magazines
5. journalist gives advice on matters of the law
6. optician treats the diseases of animals
7. cobbler sells goods in the street
8. detective tests eyesight and sells spectacles
9. lawyer rides horses in horse races
10. mechanic finds out information about criminals

(B) Fill in the blanks with suitable words from the box.

fishmonger doctor authoress singer chauffeur
butcher soldier usher chef stewardess

1 Mr Hong works as a __________________. He slaughter animals and sells the meat.
2 A woman who writes books and novels is known as an ________________________.
3 A __________________ has a difficult job in treating his patients.
4 The ___________________ showed the boys to their seats in the cinema.
5 Ah Tan sells fish in the market. He is called a _____________________.
6 Puan Rahimah employs a _____________________ to drive her car.

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7 Encik Zahar is a _______________. It is his duty to protect his country from enemies.

8 The _______________ helped me to my seat while I was in the aeroplane.

9 Christoper works as a __________________ in a restaurant. He specializes in Fresh
food.

10 Sheila Majid is a well-known __________________ in Malaysia. She sang at the
concert.

Abattoir A place where animals are slaughtered
Apiary A place where bees are kept
Aquarium A place where fish are kept for display
Archives A place for storing historical documents and public records
Arsenal A place where weapons and ammunition are made or stored
Auditorium A large hall where an audience gathers for meetings, lectures or concerts
Aviary A place where birds are kept
Bakery A place where bread and cakes are made
Barracks A place where soldiers live
Brewery A place where beer is made
Café A small restaurant where food and drinks are sold
Cafeteria A restaurant where people serve themselves
Cannery A place where food is canned
Canteen A place in a school or factory where meals are sold
Cemetery A place where the dead are buried
Church A place where Christians go to worship
Cinema A place where films are shown
Clinic A place where a doctor receives and treats his patients
College A school for higher learning
Confectionery A place where sweets and cakes are sold
Court A place where law cases are heard
Crèche A place where children are looked after while their parents work
Crematorium A building where bodies of dead people are cremated
Dairy A place where milk, butter and cheese are kept or sold
Depot A place where buses are kept and repaired
Depot A place where military supplies are kept
Dispensary A place where medicines are compounded
Dockyard A place where ships are built or repaired
Dormitory A room with many beds in a hostel
Dump A place where rubbish in thrown

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Factory A place where things are manufactured
Gallery A place where works of art are shown
Garage A place where motorcars are kept
Granary A place for storing grain
Greenhouse A building with glass roof and sides, for growing plants
Grocery A shop where dry and preserved food is sold
Gymnasium A place for exercise, with exercise equipment
Hangar A place where aeroplanes are kept
Harbor A place of shelter for ships
Hatchery A place where eggs are hatched artificially
Herbarium A place where dried plants are classified and studied
Hospital A place where sick people stay and received treatment
Hostel A place where board and lodging are provided for studied
Hotel A building that provides rooms for visitors to stay in
Incinerator A building where rubbish is burnt
Kindergarten A school for children from 4 to 6years old
Laboratory A place where scientific experiments are carried out
Laundry A place where clothes are washed and ironed
Library A place where books are kept
Mill A building with machines for grinding grain into flour
Mint A place where coins are made
Mortuary A place where dead bodies are kept until burial or cremation
Mosque A place where Muslims go to worship
Museum A place where historical relics are displayed
Nursery A place where young plants are grown
Nursery A place where young children of working parents are taken care of
Orchard A place where fruits trees are grown
Orphanage A home for orphans
Park A public garden or public recreational ground
Pharmacy A place where medicines are prepared and sold
Plantation A large farm or estate on which crops are grown
Plaza A public square or group of buildings in a town
Polytechnic A technical school where various arts and sciences are taught
Prison A place where criminals are kept locked up
Quarry A place where stone, sand, etc are dug out of the ground
Quay A place where ships are loaded and unloaded
Reservoir A place where water is collected and stored
Resort A place where people go for holidays
Restaurant A place where meals are prepared, sold and eaten
School A place where children are taught how to read and write
Shrine A sacred place
Stadium A place where sports events are staged
Studio A place where a painter, sculptor, photographer, etc work
Studio A place where cinema films are made
Tannery A place where leather is made
Temple A place of worship for Hindus, Buddhists, Sikhs or others

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Theatre A hall where plays are acted on stage
University An institution of higher learning
Vineyard A place where grapesvines are grown
Warehouse A place where goods are stored
Zoo A place where wild animals are kept and exhibited

There are special words used to show whether the person is male or female.

Male Female
bachelor spinster
bridegroom
bride
gentleman lady
husband wife
mistress
master sultanah
sultan widower
widow

Special words are used for a person’s children.

Male Female Young
father mother son (male), daughter (female)
man woman
king queen baby, child
Red Indian squaw prince (male), princess (female)

papoose

Special words are also used for animals to show the male, female and young.

Male Female Young
MAMMALS
Bear She- bear Cub
Billy-goat Nanny-goat Kid
Boar Sow Piglet
Buck (deer) Hind Fawn

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