GUIDELINES FOR EFFECTIVE LISTENING

UHB10100 & UHB20102 LISTENING SKILLS 01

guidelines FOR
EFFECTIVE
LISTENING
STRATEGIES

MISS FAZITA MD TAB

CONTENT

TOP DOWN VS BOTTOM UP
LISTENING FOR MEANING
SUMMARISING
DISTINGUISHING FACTS FROM OPINION

UHB10100 & UHB20102

LISTENING LISTENING
SKILLS INTEGRATES
COMPREHENSION
LISTENING PROVIDES THE AURAL INPUT AND THE OUTCOME
THAT SERVES AS THE BASIS FOR OF THE ACTIVITIES
LANGUAGE ACQUISITION AND ENABLES INCORPORATES THE
LEARNERS TO INTERACT IN SPOKEN ABILITY TO
COMMUNICATION. ELIMINATE FACTS OR
OPINION AND
SUMMARISING INFO
REQUIRES FOCUS
AND FULL
ATTENTION 

TOP DOWN Top-down strategies are listener based
STRATEGIES where listeners have background
knowledge of the topic, the situation or
context, the type of text, and the
language. The strategies include:

.listening for the main idea
.predicting
.drawing inferences
.summarizing

BOTTOM UP Bottom-up strategies are text based; the
STRATEGIES listener relies on the language in the
message (combination of sounds, words,
and grammar) that creates meaning.The
strategies include:

.listening for specific details
.recognizing related words
.recognizing word-order patterns

LISTENING
for meaning.

4 BASIC STEPS

1. Figure out the purpose for listening by
applying  background knowledge of the
topic. Predict or anticipate content and
identify appropriate listening strategies.

2. Be selective by attending the parts that
are relevant and ignore the unwanted
information.

3. Apply top-down and bottom up listening
strategies simultaneously for better
comprehension.

4. Check your comprehension during and
after your listening to stay in focus  and
avoid inconsistencies.

Summarising
for listening activities.

Listening Skills

THE ABILITY TO COMPREHEND, ANALYSE
AND COMBINE INFORMATION

Listening Strategies

NOTE HOW TO SYNTHESI
TAKING SUMMARIZE ZING

While listening, take Capture the most important You must be able to
notes of the main ideas. parts of the original, and combine ideas from
Begin writing soon after expressing them in short.  multiple sources into a
the speaker begins in The summary should be cohesive viewpoint.
order to get the ideas expressed – as far as Synthesizing also allows 
down.  possible – in your own original insights,
Write quickly and VERY words.  perspectives and further
neatly as you will need to Try to understand its main understanding of the
reread your own subject or purpose information.
handwriting.  Write a sentence which It starts with making
states the central idea of the summaries of multiple
original text. resources.

DISTINGUISHING
FACTS FROM
OPINION

what is
opinion?

If a statement tells what someone thinks or feels
about something, it is an opinion.
Statements that cannot be proved.
They tell what someone thinks or feels.
Often contain clue words such as think, feel,
believe, and seem.  Other common clue words
are always, never, all, none, most, least, greatest,
best, and worst.
When you are looking for an opinion, ask
yourself, “Does this tell how someone feels?”

EFFECTIVE

LISTENING

MUSIC EQUIPMENT
UHB10100 UHB20102

10 steps from Forbes

Step 1: Face the speaker and maintain eye contact.
Step 2: Be attentive, but relaxed.
Step 3: Keep an open mind.
Step 4: Listen to the words and try to picture what the speaker
is saying.
Step 5: Don't interrupt and don't impose your "solutions."
Step 6: Wait for the speaker to pause to ask clarifying
questions.
Step 7: Ask questions only to ensure understanding.
Step 8: Try to feel what the speaker is feeling.
Step 9: Give the speaker regular feedback.
Step 10: Pay attention to what isn't said—to nonverbal cues.

References:

1. http://www.esmonline.org/webpages/tdonahue/index.cfm?subpage=1873380
2. http://beyondpenguins.ehe.osu.edu/issue/climate-change-and-the-polar-
regions/summarizing-and-synthesizing-whats-the-difference
3. http://www.cws.illinois.edu/workshop/writers/tips/summary/
4. https://blog.e2language.com/pte-summarize-spoken-text/
5. https://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/article/listening-top-down-bottom