Finally, Google invests in advertising and marketing to the wide customer base it is targeting. These costs
also include the worldwide Sales Force that Google maintains which aims to sell its campaigns as well as its
support team, available to handle customer complaints or hiccups.
What about the revenue streams...
Google is one of the leading internet names in the world. As we all know, Google’s services are provided for
free for the individual user. So Google’s revenues are derived from advertising that companies pay to have
done to reach its bulk of online users. Google helps advertisers create advertisements through its auction‐
based program – Google Adwords. Advertisers then pay Google based on when customers click on the
advertisements available. Google also provides advertisers with access to its network members through its
Google Adsense program. Another option available to advertisers is Google’s DoubleClick technology through
which audio and video advertisements are made available on Google Network member sites.
Google has generated 96% of its revenues from advertising for the past several years as opposed to Apple,
that has earned 70% of its revenues through the sale of its products. Google has been experimenting with
other possible revenue streams by evolving its search offerings, extending into Mobile space and attempting
its hand at a Google‐based operating system. It has even expanded into Enterprise based solutions. However,
none of these avenues have resulted in major revenue streams for the company.
10.5 Social dimension
Start by making this statement “Deliver a sustainable society in which business and its stakeholders can
prosper in the long term”. Ask the AL for their thoughts. Then proceed by asking the following questions:
There will be costs occurred through your business activity. Are you planning to cooperate and
include key partners that their business have a social dimension?
Do you plan to reinvest some of your revenues to your local community?
Are you going to implement CSR activities?
These questions aim to raise the social dimension of a business activity. You can use example‐tips:
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Are you planning to cooperate and include key partners that their business have a social dimension?
Globally there are businesses focusing on the social dimension or even social enterprises. This means that
there are companies/organizations which are undertaking certain business activity but still with a social
dimension. Even if your business activity has not been planned to have or to provide a social impact,
maybe a collaboration with some other that it does, would give you some social dimension identity.
Do you plan to reinvest some of your revenues to your local community?
When a business begins to generate profits, owners are faced with two primary decisions. They can either
distribute profits back to the business's owners or reinvest those profits back into the business to improve
the company and to the local community. The word of mouth, the customer’s acceptance and the good
reputation of the business are only some of the many advantages of the latter.
Are you going to implement CSR activities?
In today’s digital, fast speed world, each business, small or big, needs to have a CSR program in place.
If CSR is not yet part of your daily business practice, you must act fast. Or else you’ll lose the trust of
the people who are important to your business. So why CSR?
Satisfied employees ‐ Employees want to feel proud of the organization they work for.
Satisfied customers ‐ Research shows that a strong record of CSR improves customers’ attitude
towards the company.
Positive PR ‐ CSR provides the opportunity to share positive stories online and through traditional
media.
Costs reductions ‐ If conducted properly a company can reduce costs through CSR.
More business opportunities ‐ A CSR program requires an open, outside oriented approach. The
business must be in a constant dialogue with customers, suppliers and other parties that affect the
organization.
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11. Creating a meaningful plan from the 3 Questions
To sum all three questions up, here you can find a brief summary. You can use this explanation to link the
answers of the three question to a meaningful business plan.
What are you selling?
What is your goal: explain your business idea, the reason why it is different from existing products.
Need to satisfy: kind of need you intend to satisfy. Framework you want to act in.
Values & Mission: Values of your business idea (sustainability, social inclusion) and Vision of the future.
Team and Organization: professionals you need to involve to pursue that goal (marketing department,
consultants, professional skills...).
To Whom?
Target users: explain age, habits and life‐style of your ideal customers.
SWOT: Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats.
Competitors: main features of the main competitors acting in your same field (price, customers stereotype,
strategy in social media usage).
How to develop the product cycle: technically what you need and how you follow the lifecycle of the product.
For How Much?
Available Resources: resources you already owned (tools such as computers, phone, furniture).
Budget (assets, debt/income).
Price List: price of the product in marketplace.
Timeline: expectation for future balancing costs and incomes.
11.1 Business idea
What is the product/service you aim to sell?
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Which is your business idea? Try to briefly sum up your business idea focusing on the most relevant elements
and explaining the reasons why your project is winning and unique.
At this stage, you have to describe your business model analysing:
A. product/service you aim to create;
B. to whom it is addressed, specifying which are your customer segments by using objective
parameters (localization, income, age, cultural level…) and subjective parameters (lifestyles, habits,
cultural preferences...);
C. which are the needs you aim to satisfy and which are the meliorative differences in comparison
with your competitors;
D. the reason why the entrepreneur or the project team has the right characteristic to succeed in the
project.
Max 2000 characters
11.2 Team and Organization
In order to sell your product/service:
A. How team’s experiences and competences are going to be integrated to the project achievement
and its objectives.
B. How do you intend to set up your business?
Describe the internal organization in order to produce and sell your product/service, standing out
key activities and which of them will be carry out inside the enterprise, or outside by other companies
(supplying entities, external consulting, staff recruitment…).
Max 3000 characters
11.3 Market Analysis
To whom the business idea is addressed?
Which are the main features of the main competitors acting in your same field?
A. Business opportunities e competitive advantage: why do you think your business idea is winning?
Explain how it will have a leading/competitive position in the market in comparison with direct or
indirect competitors.
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For each product or service, it is necessary to bring out the most significant characteristics and
elements: components, target, innovative elements and life cycle of the product/service in
comparison to those already present in the market.
B. Market analysis and competitive intelligence: which is the enterprise potential market? Which are
the characteristics of potential competitors (direct and indirect) in the market?
C. Main target: To whom the business idea is addressed?
Identify and describe the main potential target of customers. It is advisable to classify customer
targets by using specific criteria of segmentation:
● OBJECTIVE PARAMETERS in relation to common geographic, socio‐economic and
demographic characteristics (age, gender, income, social and cultural level)
● SUBJECTIVE PARAMETERS in relation to common cultural, behavioral and motivational
characteristics (lifestyle, habits, values etc).
Max 9000 characters
11.4 Model of growth
In which way do you intend to promote your business idea in the market in order to acquire more and more
customers? Describe the communication and promotional strategies that will be set to reach or increase the
customer target.
Max 3000 characters
11.5 Technical aspects
For how much are you selling?
A. Timeline: which are the crucial steps to enter into the market?
B. Describe the fundamental stages to start your enterprise, focusing on the time scheduling, on costs
and risks. Specify:
● the starting date of the investment programme;
● the duration (in months) of investment activities;
● the ending date of investments;
● the year in which the business should be at full speed.
C. Trade objectives: specify which criteria will be used to settle quantities to be sold during the
standard use ( the 3rd year of activity).
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D. It is crucial to define economic and financial aspects related to the business idea in order to be sure
about its sustainability and profit margins (a social enterprise is always a business which aims to
make profit).
In this section you should indicate:
● How much money do you need and why that amount?
● How are you going to raise it?
● How are you going to use it?
● Can you answer the question: “ What would you do if we gave you X€ today?”
Max 6000 characters
Empower social business planning
After implementing all these aspects with your adult learners, they should be able to make their own proper
business plan for their social businesses, based on The 3 Questions Model. With this Guide you provide them
with information and skills that are important to make a business plan. Thus, you empower them to establish
this solid beginning of their social enterprise.
Have you already noticed that you can also make use of the tools that are supplementary to this Guide? This
document provides a clear overview of the tools which can be used for the course. Here you can find some
engaging tools, including advice, practical guidance, suggested answers and examples of how the adult
educator should choose and deliver the tools, to support the learning of the adult learner.
Enable the future social entrepreneurs to generate their social business ideas into great business plans!
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12. Useful Resources
1. The 3 Most Important Things Investors Look For in a Winning Business Plan:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hludN2e33TY
2. Mobile App for Business Planning: “Centro Community Partners”
3. Mentorship Guidelines for Youth Workers https://ied.eu/wp‐content/uploads/2018/04/Mentorship‐
Guidelines‐for‐Youth‐Workers.pdf (it’s about social entrepreneurship)
4. Soft Skills ‐ Evaluation Tools http://athena.entre.gr/en/courses/soft‐skills‐evaluation‐tools (online
training course about the development of soft skills)
5. https://igostartup.com/ (online business guidance for startuppers)
6. http://ent‐teach.eu/ (platform to find teaching materials and tools on entrepreneurship)
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ANNEX 1: MORE SUBQUESTIONS FOR “WHAT ARE YOU SELLING?”
ABOUT VALUE PROPOSITION AREA
VITAMINS (Gain Creators)
We need to help AL describe how his/her products and services create customer gains. They explicitly outline
how AL intend to produce outcomes and benefits that his/her customer expects, desires, or would be surprised
by, including functional utility, social gains, positive emotions, and cost savings.
Ask AL following questions:
1. Could your products and services produce outcomes your customers expect?
1. Could your products and services go beyond your customers’ expectations by offering quality
levels?
2. Could your products and services go beyond your customers’ expectations by offering more of
something?
3. Could your products and services go beyond your customers’ expectations by offering less of
something?
4. Could your products and services make your customers’ work or life easier via flatter learning
curve?
5. Could your products and services make your customers’ work or life easier via better usability?
6. Could your products and services make your customers’ work or life easier via more services?
7. Could your products and services make your customers’ work or life easier via accessibility of
ownership?
8. Could your products and services make your customers’ work or life easier via lower costs of
ownership?
9. Could your products and services create positive social consequences that your customer desires
by making them look good?
10. Could your products and services create positive social consequences that your customer desires
by producing an increase in power or status?
11. Could your products and services do something specific that customers are looking for in terms of
design?
12. Could your products and services do something specific that customers are looking for in terms of
guarantees?
13. Could your products and services do something specific that customers are looking for in terms of
specific features?
14. Could your products and services do something specific that customers are looking for in terms of
more features?
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15. Could your products and services fulfil something customers are dreaming about by helping them
achieve their aspirations?
16. Could your products and services fulfil something customers are dreaming about by getting relief
from a hardship?
17. Could your products and services produce positive outcomes matching your customers’ success
and failure criteria in terms of better performance?
18. Could your products and services produce positive outcomes matching your customers’ success
and failure criteria in terms of lower costs?
19. Could your products and services help make adoption easier through lower costs?
20. Could your products and services help make adoption easier through less investments?
21. Could your products and services help make adoption easier through lower risk?
22. Could your products and services help make adoption easier through better quality?
23. Could your products and services help make adoption easier through improved performance?
24. Could your products and services help make adoption easier through better design?
GAINS
We need to help AL to describe the outcomes and benefits his/her customers want. Some gains are required,
expected, or desired by customers, and some would surprise them. Gains include functional utility, social
gains, positive emotions, and costs savings.
Ask AL following questions:
1. What quality levels do your customers expect?
2. What would your customers wish for more of?
3. What would your customers wish for less of?
4. How do current solutions delight your customers?
5. Which specific features do your customers enjoy?
6. What performance do your customers expect?
7. What quality do your customers expect?
8. What would make your customers’ job easier via flatter learning curve?
9. What would make your customers’ job easier via more service?
10. What would make your customers’ job easier via lower costs of ownership?
11. What would make your customers’ life easier via flatter learning curve?
12. What would make your customers’ life easier via more service?
13. What would make your customers’ life easier via lower costs of ownership?
14. What positive social consequences do your customers desire?
15. What makes them look good?
16. What increases the power or their status?
17. What are customers looking for most?
18. Are they searching for good design?
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19. Are they searching for guarantees?
20. Are they searching for specific features?
21. Are they searching for more features?
22. Do your customers desire lower cost?
23. Do your customers desire less investment?
24. Do your customers desire lower risk?
25. Do your customers desire better quality?
JOBS
We need to help AL to describe the things his/her customers are trying to get done in their work or in their
life. A customer job could be the tasks they are trying to perform and complete, the problems they are trying
to solve, or the needs they are trying to satisfy.
Ask AL following questions:
1. What functional jobs is your customer trying to get done?
2. What tasks are your customers trying to perform in their work or personal life?
3. What functional problems are your customers trying to solve?
4. Are there problems that you think customers have that they may not even be aware of?
5. What social jobs is your customer trying to get done?
6. Is your customer trying to look good?
7. Is your customer trying to gain power or status?
8. What emotional needs are your customers trying to satisfy?
9. Does your customer feel safe?
10. What basic need is your customer trying to satisfy?
11. What jobs, if completed, would give the user a sense of self‐satisfaction?
12. How does your customer want to be perceived by others?
13. What can your customer do to help themselves be perceived this way?
14. How does your customer want to feel?
15. What does your customer need to do to feel this way?
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PAINS
We need to help AL to describe anything that annoys his/her customers before, during, and after trying to get
a job done or simply prevents their costumers from getting a job done. Pains also describe risks, that is,
potential bad outcomes, retaled to getting a job done badly or not at all.
Ask AL following questions:
1. What are your customers’ frustrations?
2. What are your customers’ annoyances?
3. What are things that give your customers a headache?
4. How are current solutions under performing for your customers?
5. Are there performance issues that annoy customers in current solutions?
6. Are there performance issues that malfunctions your customers’ cite in current solutions?
7. What are the main difficulties and challenges your customers encounter?
8. Do your customers understand how things work?
9. Do your customers have difficulties getting certain things done?
10. Do your customers resist particular jobs for specific reasons?
11. What negative social consequences do your customers encounter of fear?
12. Are your customers afraid of a loss of face?
13. Are your customers afraid of a loss of power?
14. Are your customers afraid of a loss of trust?
15. Are your customers afraid of a loss of status?
16. Are your customers afraid of financial risks?
17. Are your customers afraid of social risks?
18. Are your customers afraid of technical risks?
19. Are your customers asking themselves what could go wrong?
20. What’s keeping your customers awake at night?
21. What are their big issues, concerns, and worries?
22. What common mistakes do your customers make?
23. Are they using a solution the wrong way?
24. What barriers are keeping your customers from adopting a solution?
25. Do your customers see the barrier of upfront investment costs?
26. Do your customers see the barrier of steep learning curve?
27. Do your customers see the barrier of resistance to change?
28. Do your customers see the barrier of other obstacles which are preventing adoption?
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ABOUT KEY ACTIVITIES AREA
We need to help AL to define key activities for which their customers are willing to pay.
Ask AL following questions:
1. Does your value chain make full use of your core competences?
2. Based on your value propositions, what kind of activities are key to your business?
ABOUT KEY PARTNERS AREA
We need to help AL to define what partnership could help their business to succeed.
Ask AL following questions:
1. Who are the entities or people who will contribute to the success of your business, but are neither
employees or suppliers?
2. Who are your key suppliers which cannot be easily replaced?
3. Who are your key suppliers of extremely specialized features and services that your business
needs?
4. What is your partners’ relation to your business?
5. Who are your most important partners?
6. How do you achieve optimization and savings with key partners?
7. How do you reduce risks and uncertainties?
8. How do you access certain resource and activities?
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