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developed Customer Relationship Management (CRM), Supply Chain Management (SCM), and
Product Life cycle Management (PLM) software.

Odoo

Odoo is an open source ERP. In open source ERP the source code or program can be modified
as necessary, based on the requirement of organization. Odoo was formerly known as OpenERP
until May 2014.

Oracle

Oracle corporation is headquartered in Redwood shores , California, USA. Oracle was
originally known for its database system rather than its ERP system. The ERP package from
Oracle provides strong finance and accounting module. It also provides good customer and
supplier interaction, effective production analysis, efficient human resource management and
better pricing module. Oracle also developed Customer Relationship Management (CRM) and
Supply Chain Management (SCM) software.

Microsoft Dynamics

Microsoft is an American multinational corporation headquartered in Redmond, Washington.
Microsoft Dynamics is part of Microsoft business solutions. It provides a group of enterprise
resource planning products primarily aimed at midsized enterprises. This package can be
installed and used easily and it provides good user interface. It also provides customer
relationship management (CRM) software.

9. Define BPR

Business Process Re-engineering (BPR) is the analysis and redesign of work flow within an
enterprise. It involves changes in structure and process of a business environment. Due to rapid
change in business field, especially in information technology, the process of a business needs to
be redesigned for better service and benefit. Information technology plays a major role in
business process re-engineering as it provides office automation, online business, flexible
manufacturing, high speed delivery and pa.perless transactions.

10. Define the following ERP related technologies

CRM

SCM

CRM (Customer Relationship Management )

Customer is an individual or group who receives or consumes goods and services.
Customers are the most important part of any enterprise. The success of any enterprise depends
on good relationship with its customers. CRM is a broadly used term that covers policies used by

an enterprise to manage their relationships with customers. The objectives of a CRM strategy
must consider a company's specific situation and its customers’ needs and expectations.
Customer Relationship Management is a comprehensive approach for creating, maintaining and
expanding customer relationships. It is not only the responsibility of customer service group or
IT team. It touches all major part of an enterprise.

SCM( Supply Chain Management )

The supply chain consists of all the activities associated with moving goods from the
supplier to the customer. It begins with collecting raw materials and ends with receiving the
goods by the consumer, as shown in Figure 10.10. It is very important for companies to move
product to their customers quickly. Faster product delivery or availability will increase the sale
and satisfaction of customers. So it is very important to manage the activities in supply chain.
Software packages are available in the market for managing the same.

11. Write a short note on SAP

SAP stands for Systems, Applications and Products for data processing. It is a German
multinational software corporation headquartered in Walldorf and founded in 1972. The
company started by developing software for integrated business solutions. In the beginning, the
software was developed aiming at large multinational companies. After gaining good acceptance
from them, the company started developing packages for small scale enterprises also. SAP also
developed Customer Relationship Management (CRM), Supply Chain Management (SCM), and
Product Life cycle Management (PLM) software.

12. Expand MIS

Ans. Management Information System

13. Write a short note on MIS ( Management Information System )

We can see that there are three components in MIS - Management, Information and
System. Management is the ultimate user or the decision maker, information is the processed
data and system is the integration and holistic view of the enterprise. In the technical perspective,
an information system collects, stores, and distributes information from an organization's
environment and internal operations to support organizational functions. It is also used for
decision making, communication, coordination, control, analysis, and visualization of an
enterprise. Information systems transform raw data into useful information through three basic
activities: input, processing, and output. An enterprise may contain different categories of
employees like clerks, assistants, officers, executives, managers etc. All of them are the users of
MIS. A management information system will collect relevant data from inside and outside an
enterprise. This data is processed and stored in a centralized database and is made available to its
users whenever it is needed. MIS has the capability to generate reports as and when the user
demands it. It is mainly used to create reports on the basis of which decisions are made.

PLUS TWO COMPUTER APPLICATION

Second Year Computer Application(Commerce) Previous Questions Chapter wise ..
Chapter 11. Trends And Issues In ICT

1. ..................... is a packet oriented mobile data service on GSM.
Ans. GPRS
2. Raju sends a short message to his friend.Explain how the text message is exchanged.

When a message is sent, it reaches a Short Message Service Center (SMSC), which
provides a ‘store and forward’ mechanism. SMSC attempts to send messages to the recipients. If
a recipient is not reachable, the SMSC waits and then retries later. Some SMSC’s also provide a
‘forward and forget’ option where transmission is tried only once and if it fails, the message is
not sent again. SMS messages are exchanged using the protocol called Signalling System

3. What is Industrial Property Right ?Write a short note on any two Industrial Property Right.
Intellectual Property Rights are legal rights, which result from intellectual activity in

industrial, scientific, literary & artistic fields. Intellectual property rights are the rights given to
persons over the creations of their minds. They usually give the creator an exclusive right over
the use of his/her creation for a certain period of time.Intellectual property is divided into two
types industrial property and copyright.
Patent

A patent is an exclusive right granted for an invention. It provides protection for the
invention to the owner of the patent. The protection is granted for a limited period. Patent
protection means that the invention cannot be commercially made, used, distributed or
sold without the patent owner's consent. A patent owner has the right to decide who may - or
may not - use the patented invention for the period in which the invention is protected.
The patent owner may give permission to, or license, other parties to use the invention on
mutually agreed terms. The owner may also sell the right to the invention to someone else.
patents provide not only protection for the owner but valuable information and inspiration
for future generations of researchers and inventors.
Trademark
A trademark identifies the brand owner of a particular product or service.It is a distinctive sign
that identifies certain goods or services as those produced or provided by a specific person
or enterprise. It may be one or a combination of words, letters, and numerals. They may
consist of drawings, symbols,three- dimensional signs such as the shape and packaging of
goods, audible signs such as music or vocal sounds etc. It helps consumers identify and
purchase a product.

4. …….. is a Linux based mobile operating system from Google

a). ios

b). Blackberry

c). Android

d) Windows Phone

Ans. c

5. SIM stands for ……………….

(a)Subscriber Information Module.

(b)Subscriber Identity Module

(c)Subscriber Identity Machine.

(d)Sunscriber Information Memory

Ans. b

6. What is Cyber Crime ? Write a short note on any two cyber crimes against individuals

Cyber crime is defined as criminal activity in which computer or computer network is used
as a tool,taget or a place of criminal activity.It includes phishing,hacking Denial of service
attack etc.Computer crime mainly consists of unauthorised access to computer,credit card

frauds,cyber terrorism etc.Cyber crimes are divided into three categories crime against
individual,against property and against government.

Cyber crime against individual
Cyber crime against individual includes identity theft,harrassment,impersonation and
cheating,violation of privacy,dissemination of obscene material.

a)Identity theft
Identity theft occurs when someones personal information such as credit card number,name etc
are used to commit crime(fraud). Identity theft places a burden on its victims and presents a
challenge to businesses, organizations and government agencies.
b)Harassment
Harassment involves posting humiliating comments on gender,race,religion etc.The use of
vulgur(indecent) language is also considered as harassment. Cyberstalking is a crime in which
the attacker harasses a victim using electronic communication.

7. In ………….. system several transmitters can send information simultaneously over a single
communication channel.

a). CDMA

b). GPS

c). GSM

d). None of these

Ans. a

8. GPS is useful for tracking vehicles by transport company. How is it possible ?

GPS is a satellite based navigation system.It is used to locate geographical position.It is
designed and operated by U.S department of defence. GPS works in any weather conditions,
anywhere in the world. There are no subscription fees or setup charges to use GPS. Vehicle
navigation systems will direct the driver to his or her destination through the best route. In
commercial aviation GPS is used for aircraft navigation. GPS is also used in oil exploration,
farming, atmospheric studies etc. GPS receivers are now integrated in many mobile phones for
implementing various tracking applications.

9. Write a short notes on

SMS

MMS

GPS

SMS(Short Message Service)
Short Message Service(SMS) is a text messaging service.It is a data application used by mobile
phone users.SMS uses ‘store and forward’ mechanism. When an SMS is sent it reaches the
SMSC (Short Message Service Center),from there it is send to the recipients.
SMS messages are send using the SS7(Signalling System No.7).

MMS(Multimedia Messaging Service)
MMS is a standard way to send and receive message consisting of multimedia content using
mobile phones.It extends SMS capability to send text messages.There is no limitation in the size
of MMS messages.

GPS(Global Positioning System)
GPS is a satellite based navigation system.It is used to locate geographical position.It is designed
and operated by U.S department of defence. GPS works in any weather conditions, anywhere in
the world. There are no subscription fees or setup charges to use GPS.

10. Write a short note on Cyberspace.

Cyber space is a virtual environment created by computer systems connected to the
internet.It refers to a simulated world where we can do many things at a place.The term
Cyberspace was coined by William Gibson. Cyberspace is also known as Virtual Reality .It is an
unreal world in which communication occur over network.Some consider cyberspace as
uncontrolled and unregulated electronic space where anyone is free to do anything as they wish
and express themselves freely..This provides a space for criminals.

11. Define the following terms

Trademark

Copyright

Trademark
A trademark identifies the brand owner of a particular product or service.It is a distinctive sign
that identifies certain goods or services as those produced or provided by a specific person
or enterprise. It may be one or a combination of words, letters, and numerals. They may
consist of drawings, symbols,three- dimensional signs such as the shape and packaging of
goods, audible signs such as music or vocal sounds etc. It helps consumers identify and
purchase a product.

Copyright
Copyright is a legal right that grants the creator of an original work exclusive rights for its use
and distribution.This is usually only for a limited time. Copyright is a form of intellectual
property.They are considered as territ torial rights, which means that they do not extend beyond
the territory.In India copyright Act came effect from January 1958.Under Indian Copyright Act ,

a work is automatically protected by copyright when it is created.Copyright registeration is
handled by Copyright Office under Ministry of HR Development.
The copyright act safeguards the following
It prohibits reproduction in any form.
Public performance and broadcasting.
Translation into other languages.
Adaptation of novel as screenplay or film.

12. Name the following

a. Satellite based Navigation system

b. Service used to send messages with multimedia content

c. Packet oriented mobile data service on GSM

d. Smart card technology used only in GSM phone systems.

Ans.
a. GPS

b. MMS

c. GPRS

d. SIM

13. List and explain popular mobile communication technologies

A communication which does not depend on the physical connection between devices is
called mobile communication.It includes SMS,MMS,GPS etc.

1)SMS(Short Message Service)
Short Message Service(SMS) is a text messaging service.It is a data application used by mobile
phone users.SMS uses ‘store and forward’ mechanism. When an SMS is sent it reaches the
SMSC (Short Message Service Center),from there it is send to the recipients.
SMS messages are send using the SS7(Signalling System No.7).

2)MMS(Multimedia Messaging Service)
MMS is a standard way to send and receive message consisting of multimedia content using
mobile phones.It extends SMS capability to send text messages.There is no limitation in the size
of MMS messages.

3)GPS(Global Positioning System)

GPS is a satellite based navigation system.It is used to locate geographical position.It is designed
and operated by U.S department of defence. GPS works in any weather conditions, anywhere in
the world. There are no subscription fees or setup charges to use GPS.

4)Smart Cards
A smart card is a plastic card embeded with a computer chip and memory.It is secure

,intelligent and convenient.Smart card technology is used in SIM for GSM mobile phones.It is
inserted or integrated into mobile phones.The card stores information and helps to identify
subscribers.ATM cards,fuel cards etc are different forms of smart cards.

14.Write a short note on geographical indication

GI are signs used on goods that have a specific geographical origin and
possess qualities or a reputation that are due to that place of origin. Agricultural
products typically have qualities that derive from their place of production and are
influenced by specific local factors, such as climate and soil. A geographical indication points to
a specific place or region of production that determines the characteristic qualities of the product
that originates therein. It is important that the product derives its qualities and reputation from
that place. Place of origin may be a village or town, a region or a country.

15. Write the following terms

Cyber Forensics

Infomania

Cyber Forensics
Computer forensics is the application of investigation and analysis techniques to gather and
preserve evidence from a particular computing device in a way that is suitable for presentation in
a court of law. OR Computer forensics is the practice of collecting, analysing and reporting on
digital data in a way that is legally admissible.

Infomania
Infomania is the state of being overloaded with information from the Internet, email, and cell
phones.It is the excessive enthusiasm for acquiring knowledge.

16. What is copyright? How does it differ from patent?

A copyright is a legal right given to the creators for an original work, usually for a limited
period of time. Copyright applies to a wide range of creative, intellectual or artistic forms of
works which include books, music, painting, sculpture, films, advertisement and computer
software. This covers rights for reproduction, communication to the public, adaptation and
translation of the work.

A patent is an exclusive right granted for an invention. It provides protection for the invention
to the owner of the patent. The protection is granted for a limited period. Patent protection means

that the invention cannot be commercially made, used, distributed or sold without the patent
owner's consent. A patent owner has the right to decide who may - or may not - use the patented
invention for the period in which the invention is protected.

17.Briefly explain the application of RFID technology in the field of business logistics

Business logistics is the management of flow of goods(resources) in a business between
point of orgin and point of consumption to meet customer requirements.The resources may
include products,food etc.The objective of business logistics is to ensure availability of right
products in right quantity and condition at right place and time.It includes
a)Purchase of materials from supliers.
b)Transportation of materials.
c)Movement of finished goods to customers.
The complexity of logistics can be reduced by using hardware and software.RFID(Radio
Frequency Identification) technology is used to identify and track objects in logistics.It consists
of a RFID tag and reader.The tag contains a microchip for storing data and for sending and
receiving data.Tag can be either active(battery powered) or passive(powered by reader).RFID
tags are used in supermarkets,payments in tool booths,animal census etc.The use of RFID in
business helps to track the movement of products.This helps to maximise on time
delivery,improve customer service etc

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