ABSTRACT BOOK NITAEC 2022

ABOUT NITAEC 2022

Upon receiving tremendous supports and positive feedbacks from participants for ITAEC 2021,
this year, KKTM Pasir Mas as the organizing committee has announced National Industrial
Technical and Education Conference NITaEC 2022. With coverage of wide areas of expertise
and interest, the conference will be the appropriate place to source for the knowledge, technology,
innovation, and collaborations required to ensure future operational and technical resilience.

The theme chosen for this year’s conference is Inspiration leading innovation towards sustainable
education. This comes as a response to the need of changes and innovations in education in line
with the global transformation in all areas. NITaEC 2022 aims to provide a platform for educators,
researchers, and scholars in various fields of TVET to share their ideas and expertise. Their
works will further benefit their peers and public, as well as explore future opportunity and foster
new development.

The key takeaways of the conference will be in the form of published proceeding papers, new
topics that fuel further discussion and exchanges of ideas as an effort to build larger networks and
collaboration.

CONFERENCE PAPER

All prospective writers are welcomed to submit their full papers. Papers submitted to NITaEC 2022
will be reviewed and selected papers/writers will be invited for virtual presentation. Topics should
be related but not limited to electrical, mechanical engineering, information and communication
technology, green technology, architecture and TVET.

CONFERENCE TOPICS

TVET
Education
Mechanical
Electric & Electronic
Civil and Structure
Art Science
Science Social
Others





ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT 1

THE EFFECT OF VARIOUS COMPRESSION SPEED RATES ON THE
PRINTED PLA AND NOMEX HONEYCOMB CORE TOWARDS IR 4.0

Muhamad Shahirul Mat Jusoh1*, Nuralis Batrisha Dzukieman1, Meor Syazalee Sha@Meor Sha1, Noriqman Hakimi Idrus1, Abdul Halim
Sulaiman2
1 Department of Polymer Composite Processing Engineering Technology, Kolej Kemahiran Tinggi MARA (KKTM) Masjid Tanah, 78300,
Masjid Tanah, Melaka, Malaysia
2 Composite Technology Research Malaysia (CTRM) Aero Composites Sdn. Bhd., Taman Merdeka, 75350, Batu Berendam, Melaka,
Malaysia

*Corresponding Author: shahirul.jusoh@mara.gov.my

Flatwise compressive stress of printed polylactic acid (PLA) was tested at three different speed
rates of 1,3 and 5 mm/min to investigate the behaviour of specimens in resisting different
loading conditions. Additive manufacturing (AM) technique was utilized in this study via fused
deposition modelling (FDM) in constructing PLA honeycomb core using Ultimaker 3D printer.
For the comparison purposes, Nomex honeycomeb core supplied by aircraft vendor, Composite
Technology Research Malaysia (CTRM) was used in this study. Results showed that the type of
core materials highly influenced on the flatwise compressive stress as found experimentally upon
tested according to the ASTM C365.However, the various of testing speeds employed were not
significantly affected on the flatwise compressive stress both for the PLA and Nomex honeycomb
cores. These findings were also supported with the statistical analysis using one-way ANOVA with
the P-value < 0.05 for the effect of different core material. However, the P-value of 0.962 > 0.05
means that the speed tests investigated here were not significantly contributed to the PLA and
Nomex honeycomb cores in resisting flatwise compressive stress.

Keywords: Compression, Polylactic acid, FDM, ANOVA

ABSTRACT 2

THERMAL EXPANSION OF KENAF FIBRE/EPOXY REINFORCED
ALUMINIUM LAMINATE COMPOSITE

Edynoor Osman1*, Warikh A.R.M 2, Mohd Edeerozey A.M. 3
1 Department of Polymer Composite Engineering Technology, Kolej Kemahiran Tingi MARA Masjid Tanah, KM 1, Persiaran, Kampung
Paya Lebar, 78300 Masjid Tanah, Melakam Malaysia
2 Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Hang Tuah
Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
3 Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Hang Tuah
Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
*Corresponding Author: edynoor@mara.gov.my

The technology of fibre metal laminates creates an important alternative for composite materials,
especially when natural resources are used as a component of the composite materials. Apart
from that, the most important property that should be explored for this FML is the thermal
properties because there are 3 different components, such as metal, polymer, and reinforcement.
Therefore, the present study was carried out to investigate the thermal expansion properties of
kenaf fibre reinforced aluminium laminate composites named KeRALL. As a comparison, kenaf
fibre reinforced composite (KFRC) will be produced. It is revealed that for thermal expansion,
the trend of CTE for KeRALL at 80 °C is almost equal to that of an Al sheet, with approximately a
21% difference. Meanwhile, the CTE of KeRALL, 27 °C differed slightly from that of Al sheet and
compressed KeRALL, 80 °C. In a nutshell, KeRALL can be considered as a promising candidate
for new sustainable FML for future structural applications.

Keywords: Thermal expansion, KeRALL, Fracture analysis

ABSTRACT 3

AN EFFECT ON DIFFERENT OCTANE NUMBER PLUS OCTANE BOOSTER
ON SPARK IGNITION ENGINE PERFORMANCE, FUEL EFFICIENCY AND GAS
EMISSION

Zuhairi Karim1*
1 Automotive Engineering, University Kuala Lumpur MFI, Bangi, Malaysia
2 Diploma in Automotif Department, Institut Kemahiran MARA Lumut, Perak, Malaysia

*zuhairi.karim@mara.gov.my

This research target is to to analyze engine performance plus octane booster using different RON
of fuel RON 95 and RON 97, to investigate fuel efficiency plus octane booster using different
RON of fuel RON 95 and RON 97 and to study gas emission plus octane booster using different
RON of fuel RON 95 and RON 97. By using several performance graph and emission graph can
obtained like brake power, torque, brake specific fuel consumption and brake thermal efficiency.
Next, the emission result was obtained to analyze and do comparison the data of emission level
product by engine by plotting the graph. This project involved the study of engine performance,
fuel efficiency and gas emission using specimen fuel including three grades of RON 95 and RON
97 using the Engine Dynamometer type Eddy Current. Each RON grade was blended gradually
at certain speeds during several tests of engine performance, fuel efficiency and gas emission to
obtain the required data. The data were then entered into Engine Dynamometer parameter set up
before testing it with Engine Dynamometer using the same method as Chassis Dynamometer.

Keywords: Rating octane number, dynamometer

ABSTRACT 4

PERFORMANCE OF GALAVANISED-STEEL AND COPPER GROUNDING
ELECTRODES USING BENTONITE AND COCUNUT HUSK ASHES AS AN
ADDITIVES MATERIAL TO GROUNDING SYSTEM

Osman Abu Bakar1*, Syahrun Nizam Md Arshad2, Wooi Chin Leong,2 Muzaidi bin Othman@Marzuki,2 Zuraimy bin Adzis,3
1 Institut Kemahiran Mara Johor Bahru, 81200 Johor Bahru, Malaysia
2 Centre of Excellence for Renewable Energy, School of Electrical Systems Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Pauh Putra Campus,
02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
1 Institute of High Voltage and High Current (IVAT),Universiti Teknologi Malaysia,81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Malaysia

osman@johorbahru.ikm.edu.my

Natural enhancement material often use to improve performance of the soil resistivity in grounding
system. Due to the different soil condition, focus for effective grounding go to the soil itself. Soil
resistivity, moisture content and surrounding environment contribute to the impedance of the
grounding. The usage of material to enhance the grounding can be considering important to
maintain the grounding system performance. There are several techniques used to treat the soil
using chemical substance known as grounding enhancement material. This technique produces
low resistivity to the grounding electrode however the soil become contaminated. This paper will
discuss about the performance of coconut husk ashes and bentonite as natural enhancement
material and method being use to evaluate the results.

Keywords: lightning, protection system, grounding, natural enhancement material

ABSTRACT 8

PROJEK BEKALAN AIR BERSIH DI PUSAT PEMINDAHAN BANJIR: SATU
KAJIAN AWAL PEMBINAAN SISTEM PENAPISAN AIR BANJIR

Mariam Abdul Aziz1*, Mohd Arif b. Hj Mohd Zain2 dan Samsul Anuar Sulong1,
1 Program Mekanikal Rekabentuk, KKTM Pasir Mas, Kelantan, Malaysia
2 Angkatan Pertahanan Awam Malaysia Jajahan Pasir Mas, Kelantan, Malaysia

*Corresponding Author: mariam.aziz@mara.gov.my

Jabatan Angkatan Pertahanan Awam Malaysia (JPAM) jajahan Pasir Mas sedang melaksanakan
projek sistem penapisan air banjir untuk membekalkan air yang bersih di pusat pemindahan
sementara banjir di jajahan Pasir Mas. Masalah yang sering dihadapi adalah sistem pam yang
kerap rosak dan tidak diselenggara secara berkala menyebabkan pusat pemindahan banjir telah
terputus bekalan air. Satu sistem penapisan air semulajadi seperti air banjir adalah sangat penting
agar bekalan air tidak terputus semasa musim banjir yang buruk. Sistem tapisan air tersebut
menggunakan 3 tahap tapisan iaitu melalui tapisan sedimen, karbon teraktif dan osmosis terbalik.
Ia telah dibina secara prototaip bagi menapis sampel air banjir dan sumber air semulajadi lain
seperti air sungai dan air hujan. Air yang telah ditapis telah dianalisa dimakmal bagi mengukur
kandungan 5 parameter utama iaitu kadar PH, kekeruhan air, kandungan ferum, manganese dan
Ammonia Nitrate. Perbandingan antara data Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia telah dibuat bagi
menilai tahap kualiti air yang telah ditapis menggunakan sistem yang telah dibina. Hasil analisa
mendapati air yang telah ditapis adalah selamat untuk kegunaan harian, namun untuk kegunaan
air minuman ia perlu dididihkan terlebih dahulu. Analisa kandungan parameter mikrob adalah
dicadangkan pada masa akan datang.

Kata kunci: Air banjir, sistem penapisan, parameter air

ABSTRACT 11

FAKTOR KESEDIAAN IBUBAPA DARI KUMPULAN B40 MENGHADIRI SESI
KAUNSELING KELUARGA

Siti Rokiah Mohd Tharin
sitirokiah2015@gmail.com
Norhayati Mohd Noor
norhayati@ukm.edu.my

Fakulti Pendidikan, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

Perkhidmatan kaunseling keluarga di kalangan ibu bapa kumpulan berpendapatan B40
merupakan pekara asing dan kesedaran untuk mendapatkan perkhidmatan tersebut masih kurang
dalam kalangan mereka. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk meneroka kesediaan ibu bapa dari kumpulan
B40 menghadiri sesi kaunseling keluarga. Kajian kualitatif yang menggunakan pendekatan kajian
kes terhadap keluarga yang mempunyai anak keciciran sekolah iaitu kerana ponteng atau tidak
mengikuti proses pembelajaran di dalam kelas. Kajian ini dijalankan kepada 4 ibu bapa iaitu
terdiri daripada tiga orang ibu dan seorang bapa yang berstatus pendapatan isi rumah B40,
dan tinggal di sekitar Selangor. Data kajian diperolehi dari temubual separa berstruktur dan
menggunakan kaedah analisis tematik. Hasil dapatan kajian mendapati tema utama dalam faktor
kesediaan peserta kajian mengikuti sesi kaunseling keluarga ialah Keyakinan Untuk Berubah
berserta subtema iaitu inginkan kebaikan untuk diri dan keluarga, sokongan anggota keluarga
dan mengakui kekurangan ilmu. Tema ini dibincangkan dengan memberikan fokus kepada
kepentingan perkhidmatan kaunseling keluarga dalam membantu ibu bapa sebagai subsistem
utama dalam keluarga agar dapat memastikan tiada keciciran pendidikan anak-anak di kalangan
keluarga mereka.

Kata kunci: kaunseling keluarga, ibu bapa B40, faktor kesediaan, kaunseling keluarga dalam
pendidikan

ABSTRACT 12

KECERDASAN PELBAGAI PELAJAR SERTA KAITANNYA DENGAN
KEBERKESANAN PENGAJARAN DAN PEMBELAJARAN DI KALANGAN
PELAJAR SEMESTER SATU DI INSTITUT KEMAHIRAN MARA SIK, KEDAH.

Adanan Hussin1, Sandakiah Bakar2, Hartini Mat Nor3, Roshaida Mohamad Radzi4
Jabatan Pengajian Am, Institut Kemahiran MARA Sik, Kedah

sandakiah.bakar@mara.gov.my

Kajian ini adalah mengenalpasti kaitan kecerdasan pelbagai (multiple intelligence) dengan
keberkesanan pengajaran dan pembelajaran di Institut Kemahiran Mara Sik, Kedah. Sampel
adalah terdiri daripada 70 orang pelajar semester 1. Kajian ini menggunakan item soal selidik
yang terbahagi kepada beberapa bahagian iaitu Bahagian A menyentuh ciri-ciri demografik,
Bahagian B pula berkaitan kecerdasan pelbagai. Data dikumpul dan dianalisis secara statistik
deskriptif menggunakan SPSS versi 26.0. Kajian dilakukan menggunakan kaedah kekerapan,
peratusan, min dan sisihan piawai. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa tiga konstruk utama
kecerdasan pelbagai yang mendominasi responden kajian ialah konstruk muzik (1), konstruk
visual ruang (2) dan intrapersonal (3). Kemahiran kinestetik adalah konstruk yang paling rendah
di kalangan responden di Institut Kemahiran Mara yang dikaji. Secara keseluruhannya, dapatan
kajian menunjukkan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara variable iaitu kecerdasan pelbagai
dengan keberkesanan pengajaran dan pembelajaran serta memberi implikasi yang cukup besar
dalam soal kecerdasan di Institut Kemahiran MARA Sik yang dikaji. Kecerdasan pelbagai ini ada
kaitannya dengan keberkesanan pembelajaran dan pengajaran kerana ia sangat mempengaruhi
mutu dan prestasi seseorang seterusnya secara tidak langsung akan melahirkan responden yang
berprestasi tinggi dengan kecekapan kecerdasan untuk masa hadapan.

Kata kunci : Kecerdasan pelbagai, Pengajaran dan pembelajaran, Pelajar IKM

ABSTRACT 13

EFFECT OF AN INQUIRY BASED BLENDED LEARNING MODULE ON
ELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY STUDENTS ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT

Mohd azlan Mohammad Hussain
Fakulti Teknikal dan Vokasional
Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris

azlan_hussain@ftv.upsi.edu.my

Technological advances have led a change in teaching strategies applied in Technical and
Vocational setting. An effective teaching strategy is needed to address issues encountered in
traditional learning process of Electronics Technology Students in Malaysian Vocational College.
Blended learning is one of the best teaching strategies for Electronic Technology courses as
it is in line with the 21st century learning, especially in promoting students-centered and life-
long learning. This study looking at the impact of an inquiry based blended learning module
on the students’ achievement in the Industrial Electronics Equipment Problem Solving Course,
in an Electronic Technology Program. This study uses an experimental study design through
the quasi -experimental method to evaluate the effectiveness of the module. The comparison
of achievement between an experimental group and a control group was conducted based on
the pre-test and post-test protocol. The findings of the evaluation phase through t-test showed
that there was a significant difference (p<.05) between the experimental group and the control
group. This indicted that using an Inquiry Based Blended Learning Module was effective to help
students, especially low and medium achieving students to improve their achievement in Industrial
Electronics Equipment Problem Solving Course. Therefore, the inquiry based blended learning
module has a potential to be applied by instructors and students in Vocational Colleges setting.

ABSTRACT 14

PROJEK DREAM PLAYGROUND: PENGINTEGRASIAN ASAS INOVASI DAN
KREATIVITI DALAM PENDIDIKAN AWAL KANAK-KANAK

MIMIE SUZILAHWATIE BINTI MOHD DIN

Fakulti Pendidikan Teknikal dan Vokasional Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris

Kajian ini adalah mengenalpasti kaitan kecerdasan pelbagai (multiple intelligence) dengan
keberkesanan pengajaran dan pembelajaran di Institut Kemahiran Mara Sik, Kedah. Sampel
adalah terdiri daripada 70 orang pelajar semester 1. Kajian ini menggunakan item soal selidik
yang terbahagi kepada beberapa bahagian iaitu Bahagian A menyentuh ciri-ciri demografik,
Bahagian B pula berkaitan kecerdasan pelbagai. Data dikumpul dan dianalisis secara statistik
deskriptif menggunakan SPSS versi 26.0. Kajian dilakukan menggunakan kaedah kekerapan,
peratusan, min dan sisihan piawai. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa tiga konstruk utama
kecerdasan pelbagai yang mendominasi responden kajian ialah konstruk muzik (1), konstruk
visual ruang (2) dan intrapersonal (3). Kemahiran kinestetik adalah konstruk yang paling rendah
di kalangan responden di Institut Kemahiran Mara yang dikaji. Secara keseluruhannya, dapatan
kajian menunjukkan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara variable iaitu kecerdasan pelbagai
dengan keberkesanan pengajaran dan pembelajaran serta memberi implikasi yang cukup besar
dalam soal kecerdasan di Institut Kemahiran MARA Sik yang dikaji. Kecerdasan pelbagai ini ada
kaitannya dengan keberkesanan pembelajaran dan pengajaran kerana ia sangat mempengaruhi
mutu dan prestasi seseorang seterusnya secara tidak langsung akan melahirkan responden yang
berprestasi tinggi dengan kecekapan kecerdasan untuk masa hadapan.

Kata kunci : Kecerdasan pelbagai, Pengajaran dan pembelajaran, Pelajar IKM

ABSTRACT 15

PEMBANGUNAN ALAT BANTU MENGAJAR SISTEM GEAR BAGI
TOPIK SISTEM MEKANIKAL SUBJEK REKA BENTUK DAN TEKNOLOGI
TINKATAN 2

Muhammad Hafizul Helmi Bin Kamaruddin

Jabatan Teknologi Kejuruteraan, Fakulti Teknikal Dan Vokasional, University Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjung Malim, Perak

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk membangunan Alat Bantu Mengajar sistem gear untuk digunakan
dalam pembelajaran tajuk reka bentuk mekanikal, subjek RBT tingkatan 2. Secara khususnya,
objektif kajian ini adalah mengenalpasti elemen-elemen penting untuk menghasilkan Alat Bantu
Mengajar sistem gear dan membangunkan alat bantu mengajar sistem gear dalam topik reka
bentuk mekanikal subjek RBT tingkatan 2 serta menentukan kebolehgunaan alat bantu mengajar
sistem gear dalam topic reka bentuk mekanikal. Kajian ini akan menggunakan teori pembelajaran
kognitivisme dan dibangunkan berdasarkan model waterfall. Kajian ini akan melibatkan 3
orang pihak pakar yang terdiri daripada 1 orang guru mata pelajaran reka bentuk dan teknologi
sekolah menengah harian dan 2 orang pensyarah universiti pendidikan sultan idris dalam bidang
kejuruteraan mekanikal untuk ditemubual serta mendapatkan pandangan terhadap ABM sistem
gear yang akan dibangunkan. Bagi instrument kajian pula, kajian ini akan menggunakan inventori
protokol temubual bersama pakar-pakar yang telah dilantik.

ABSTRACT 16

PROJEK OUR TOYS KINGDOM: PENGINTEGRASIAN ASAS INOVASI DAN
KREATIVITI DALAM PENDIDIKAN AWAL KANAK-KANAK

Nur Fatini Adila binti Mohd Faudzi
Jabatan Teknologi Kejuruteraan, Fakulti Teknikal dan Vokasional, Universiti Pendidikan

Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia

Kajian ini dijalankan bagi membangunkan sebuah modul pembelajaran berasaskan projek
pembinaan alat permainan idaman ‘Our Toys Kingdom’ yang mengintegrasikan asas inovasi
dan kreativiti dalam pendidikan awal kanak-kanak di bawah (i) tunjang komunikasi (bertutur
untuk menyampaikan idea), (ii) tunjang kerohanian, sikap, dan nilai (kerjasama), (iii) tunjang
perkembangan fizikal dan estetika (perkembangan motor halus dan meneroka pelbagai
pergerakan, ekspresi kreatif, dan aplikasi seni) di dalam Kurikulum Standard Prasekolah
Kebangsaan (KSPK) bagi kanak-kanak berumur enam tahun. Tinjauan awal mendapati guru-
guru prasekolah tidak menggabungkan kemahiran pemikiran kreatif dalam pengajaran mereka.
Kemahiran guru yang terhad dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran berasaskan projek berlaku
kerana kurang penghayatan dalam mentafsir kurikulum serta kurang pengetahuan dalam
mengendalikan kaedah ini disebabkan kurangnya panduan yang jelas dalam dokumen KSPK
itu sendiri. Pendekatan modul pembelajaran projek ‘Our Toys Kingdom’ ini dilihat mampu
memberi kesan positif terhadap masalah pemupukan budaya inovasi dan kreativiti kanak-
kanak. Objektif bagi kajian adalah (i) membangunkan modul pembelajaran berasaskan projek
sebagai usaha memupuk minat inovasi dan kreativiti dalam kalangan kanak-kanak prasekolah,
dan (ii) mendapatkan pandangan daripada kumpulan pakar berkaitan kesahan modul. Antara
teori dan model yang digunakan dalam pembangunan modul adalah teori Konstruktivisme, teori
perkembangan kreativiti Fisher, dan model ADDIE. Reka bentuk kajian ini berasaskan model
ADDIE. Fasa analisis keperluan menggunakan instrumen pemerhatian dan rujukan kajian-kajian
lepas untuk mengenal pasti keperluan modul dan data akan dianalisis melalui kaedah meta
analisis. Fasa reka bentuk adalah merangkumi pembentukan matlamat dan objektif modul, tajuk
projek, latar belakang projek berkaitan pengintegrasian asas inovasi dan kreativiti, perancangan
aktiviti pembelajaran, pemilihan media pengajaran, dan penilaian projek berbentuk formatif. Fasa
pembangunan merangkumi penggunaan perisian Microsoft Office Word 365, Canva, dan Adobe
Photoshop untuk pembangunan ilustrasi, visual, dan kandungan grafik modul. Fasa pelaksanaan
bertujuan untuk mengetahui sama ada modul memenuhi keperluan objektif dan juga sesuai
digunakan oleh pengguna sasaran modul. Fasa penilaian pula melibatkan persampelan bertujuan
terhadap tiga orang pakar dalam bidang pendidikan awal kanak-kanak melalui instrumen inventori
protokol temu bual berstruktur untuk menilai elemen-elemen yang diterapkan dalam modul ini
seperti pemilihan tajuk, isi kandungan, strategi, penilaian projek, grafik dan sebagainya dan data
juga akan dianalisis melalui kaedah analisis tematik secara manual.
Kata Kunci: Pembelajaran Berasaskan Projek (PBP), Inovasi, Kreativiti, Pendidikan Awal Kanak-
Kanak

ABSTRACT 17

AMALAN PENTAKSIRAN ATAS TALIAN DALAM KALANGAN GURU
PELATIH SEMASA LATIHAN MENGAJAR :KAJIAN KES DI FAKULTI
TEKNIKAL DAN VOKASIONAL UPSI

Muhammad Hafizul Helmi Bin Kamaruddin

Jabatan Teknologi Kejuruteraan, Fakulti Teknikal Dan Vokasional, University Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjung Malim, Perak

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk membangunan Alat Bantu Mengajar sistem gear untuk digunakan
dalam pembelajaran tajuk reka bentuk mekanikal, subjek RBT tingkatan 2. Secara khususnya,
objektif kajian ini adalah mengenalpasti elemen-elemen penting untuk menghasilkan Alat Bantu
Mengajar sistem gear dan membangunkan alat bantu mengajar sistem gear dalam topik reka
bentuk mekanikal subjek RBT tingkatan 2 serta menentukan kebolehgunaan alat bantu mengajar
sistem gear dalam topic reka bentuk mekanikal. Kajian ini akan menggunakan teori pembelajaran
kognitivisme dan dibangunkan berdasarkan model waterfall. Kajian ini akan melibatkan 3
orang pihak pakar yang terdiri daripada 1 orang guru mata pelajaran reka bentuk dan teknologi
sekolah menengah harian dan 2 orang pensyarah universiti pendidikan sultan idris dalam bidang
kejuruteraan mekanikal untuk ditemubual serta mendapatkan pandangan terhadap ABM sistem
gear yang akan dibangunkan. Bagi instrument kajian pula, kajian ini akan menggunakan inventori
protokol temubual bersama pakar-pakar yang telah dilantik.

ABSTRACT 18

PELAKSANAAN ON THE JOB TRAINING KOLEJ VOKASIONAL

Suzila Binti Othman
Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris

Machining study has been listed as one of the demanding fields in the manufacturing industry.
Due to the high career potential, the graduate from this course needs to attain the status of a
highly skilled workers. The research is conducted to identify the issues and problems arose from
the preceptive of the students, lecturers, supervisors and the industrial regarding the On-The Job
Training (OJT). OJT is a compulsory 6 -months course that need to be completed by Vocational
College students at the chosen industry. Despite that, this study is to find out better solutions to
overcome the issues spotted during OJT. In this study, qualitative method is used through multiple
embedded case studies. It aims to help many aspects especially in improving Vocational College
OJT program. Besides that, it aims to produce better graduate who can fulfill the objective of TVET
transformation as well as high skilled workers. Last, the aim is to accommodate the nations’ needs
in order to become high income developed country approaching 2050.

ABSTRACT 19

PEMBANGUNAN MODUL PEMBELAJARAN KURSUS ASAS MEKANIK
STRUKTUR (KAMS) BERASASKAN TEORI KONSTRUKTIVISME BAGI
PROGRAM TEKNOLOGI PEMBINAAN DI KOLEJ VOKASIONAL

Mohd Zulhilmi Bin Ab Kadir

University Pendidikan Sultan Idris

This research is aimed to develop a learning module course the Fundamental of Mechanic
Structure (KAMS) which is based on the Constructivism Theory for the Construction Technology
Programme in Vocational College (KV This research uses the Design and Development Research
(DDR) which involved three main phases, the need analysis phase, the design and development
phase and the evaluation phase. Needs analysis phase data were collected using a questionnaire
instrument on 40 lecturers of the Diploma in Construction Technology Program of Vocational
Colleges who teach KAMS. The data is analysed using descriptive statistics to identify the
value of frequency, percentage and min. As for the design and development phase, data were
collected and analyzed using content analysis methods using printed material sources such as
documents and books for module design purposes. Meanwhile, for the module content validation
process, a questionnaire instrument was used on 7 experts to determine the level of module
content validity. Data were analyzed to obtain percentage values by using the content validity
mastery level formula by Sidek and Jamaludin (2005). The evaluation of the validity of the module
content conducted found that the value was 92.5%. These findings indicate that the validity of
the content is very good as it exceeds 70% according to the view of Sidek and Jamaludin (2005).
The evaluation phase involved the evaluation of the usability level of the module using the USE
questionnaire instrument which involved 38 Construction Technology students from the Alor Setar
Vocational College. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics to obtain frequency and mean
values. The findings found that the average mean value for each usability element was 4.44. It
shows a high level of usability according to the interpretation of the mean score by Landell (1997).
In summary, the development of this module has achieved the objectives of the research with a
good and high level of content validity and usability.

ABSTRACT 20

PEMBANGUNAN E-MODUL PROJEK TAHUN AKHIR (e-PTA) UNTUK
PROGRAM SENI KULINARI DI KOLEJ VOKASIONAL MALAYSIA

Nilidawati binti Buhari
Fakulti Teknikal dan Vokasional, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Tanjung Malim, Perak Malaysia

nilidawati@gmail.com

Pelaksanaan kursus Projek Tahun Akhir (PTA) di Kolej Vokasional (KV) masih lagi dibayangi
kaedah pembelajaran konvensional dan tidak memenuhi pedagogi abad ke-21 yang berfokuskan
kepada kelancaran maklumat, media dan teknologi. Ketiadaan sumber pengajaran yang
spesifik dan seragam pula menjadikan para pelajar kurang motivasi dalam melaksanakan
PTA sesuai dengan silibus di KV. Matlamat kajian ini adalah untuk membangunkan e-modul
kursus Projek Tahun Akhir (e-PTA) menggunakan Google Sites khusus bagi Program Seni
Kulinari di Kolej Vokasional Malaysia. Proses pembangunan e-PTA ini diadaptasi dari model
reka bentuk pengajaran Model ADDIE yang mengandungi lima fasa iaitu Analisis, Reka
Bentuk, Pembangunan, Pelaksanaan dan Penilaian dengan menerapkan teori Konstruktivisme
dan Connectivism. Kaedah Fuzzy Delphi digunakan semasa fasa analisis keperluan untuk
mendapatkan kesepakatan pakar bagi menentukan isi kandungan e-PTA. Selain itu, kajian ini
turut menguji kesahan dan kebolehgunaan e-PTA, menggunakan soal selidik yang diadaptasi
dari Jamaludin (2002) dan Lund (2001). Reka bentuk kajian ini adalah kajian kuantitatif yang
menggunakan kaedah soal selidik sebagai alat pengumpulan data. Sampel kajian adalah
terdiri daripada tiga kelompok responden yang mana setiap satunya akan digunakan untuk
menjawab intrumen kajian seperti berikut: 1) soal selidik analisis keperluan - tujuh orang pakar
bidang; 2) soal selidik kesahan kandungan modul - sembilan orang pakar bidang; 3) soal selidik
kebolehgunaan modul - 30 orang pelajar diploma program Seni Kulinari di KV ERT Setapak.
Data dianalisis masing-masing menggunakan kaedah analisis Fuzzy Delphi, Formula Peratusan
Persetujuan Pakar (Sidek & Jamaludin, 2005) dan perisian IBM Statistical Package for the Social
Sciences (SPSS). Kajian ini akan menghasilkan modul e-pembelajaran khusus bagi Kursus
PTA yang akan menjadi pelengkap kepada Garis Panduan Projek Tahun Akhir Kolej Vokasional
seterusnya dapat menambahbaik pelaksanaan PTA di KV sesuai dengan pendidikan abad ke-
21.

Kata kunci: e-modul, projek tahun akhir, kolej vokasional

ABSTRACT 21

IN -SERVICE TRAINING FRAMEWORK FOR HEADS OF INDUSTRIAL
RELATIONS AND TRAINING UNIT (KUPLI) AT MALAYSIAN VOCATIONAL
COLLEGE

Ramli Bin Sappar
Fakulti Teknikal dan Vokasional, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Tanjung Malim, Perak Malaysia

Vocational-industrial college collaboration is a necessity in catalyzing the production of highly
skilled graduates. The potential for a successful collaborative relationship requires a Head of
Industrial Relations and Training Unit (KUPLI) who is trained and highly skilled in handling the
collaboration process. This study will be conducted to explore the issues and needs of KUPLI in
achieving effective collaborative relationships. Apart from that, this study also aims to identify the
components involved in the formation of an in-service training framework for KUPLI to improve
its role. This study is a case study that uses a qualitative approach. The data obtained through
observation, interviews and documents, will be analyzed to explore the relationship between the
categories and significant themes. This study is expected to provide implications for stakeholders
on the implementation of industry collaboration relations in vocational colleges. Guidelines in the
form of training framework that will be developed as a result of this study will guide the Vocational
Technical Education and Training Division (BPLTV), Vocational Colleges (KV) and Industrial
Relations and Training Unit (UPLI) in training management for KUPLI to achieve effective
collaborative relationships.

ABSTRACT 22

THE USE OF BLOGS TO IMPROVE FORMAL LETTER WRITING SKILL
AMONG IKM LUMUT STUDENTS

Norliza Zainal
1 Faculty of Education, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia
2 General Studies Department, Institut Kemahiran MARA Lumut, Perak, Malaysia

norliza.zainal@mara.gov.my

Blogging is viewed as a tool in helping the students to improve their formal letter writing skill
through a self-correction practice and autonomous learning behavior (Arana, 2013). To ascertain
such contention, this study aims to investigate the use of blogs to improve students’ formal
letter writing skill. Two classes or a total of 30 students from Institut Kemahiran MARA Lumut
participated in this study that ran for 6 weeks. A quasi-experimental research design was used to
answer the research questions in this study. These two classes were introduced to blogging as
they wrote job application letters in their blogs during the 6-week treatment. A pre-test and post-
test were administered one week before and after the treatment was carried out. The results of
the pre-test were compared with the result of the post-test to identify the improvement of their
writing skills. After the experiment, the students were asked to express their attitude towards using
blogs in learning through questionnaire and interview. The findings reveal that students’ formal
letter writing skill improved based on the results of independent sample t-test and paired samples
t-test of their pre-test and post-test mean scores at p<0.05 level of significance. Furthermore, two
raters unanimously agree that students’ job application letter writing improved on content, format
and mechanics. The result from questionnaire also indicated that students had positive attitudes
in the overall attitude (M=4.53) of learning writing through blog. The interview responses implied
that blogging can be considered as an effective platform in facilitating the development of students’
formal letter writing skill. Therefore, it can be concluded that blogging can help in improving
students’ formal letter writing skill in ESL classroom.

Keywords: blogging, ESL, writing skills