BY CHUNG VER RONN WRITTEN ON: FEB 05, 1963 On October 16, 1962, at 8:45 a.m., USA National Security Advisor McGeorge Bundy informed President John F. Kennedy that a significant crisis had arrived. Hundreds of aerial images of Cuba were taken by spy aircraft two days ago. The CIA determined that there is solid evidence of a missile site being built at San Cristobal, Cuba, just 90 miles off the coast of Florida. This was one of the riskier competitions between the US and the USSR. On October 22, 1962, Kennedy made the decision to construct a naval blockade, or "ring of ships," around Cuba. PRICE Five Cents MADISON, MONDAY, MAY 15, APRIL 16, 1963 ★★★ VOL. 172, NO. 45 111TH YEAR The Cuban Missile Crisis President John F. Kennedy The purpose of the "blockade" was to prevent offensive weapons from entering Cuba. He also stated that any attack from Cuba on the USA would be considered an act of war by the USSR. He asked that the existing missiles be removed and the launch sites be destroyed. During two weeks of tension, US President John F. Kennedy and USSR leader Nikita Khrushchev managed to negotiate a peaceful settlement to the crisis. On October 22, 1962, US President John F. Kennedy announced the US naval blockade of Cuba
PRICE Five Cents MADISON, MONDAY, MAY 15, APRIL 16, 1963 ★★★ VOL. 172, NO. 45 111TH YEAR WHAT IS THE CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS? The crisis, which lasted 13 tense days in October 1962, occurred during the Cold War between the USA and the USSR. The two main superpowers were expected to go nuclear war when the USSR gave ballistic missiles to Cuba. WHY DID THE CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS HAPPEN? BAY OF PIGS SIGNIFICANCE TO THE CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS To sum up, the invasion occurred on April 17, 1961. The Bay of Pigs was a joint effort between John F. Kennedy and the CIA to engage in "guerilla warfare." This was a proposal for Cuban exiles who had fled to America after the revolution to invade Cuba and remove Castro. They were helped by the CIA, but the US government did not send soldiers to support the invasion. The plan was a failure. They were all either caught or executed by highly armed Cuban troops. The invasion proved that America was willing to use force to remove communism from Cuba, but it also led Fidel Castro to seek further help from the USSR and its leader, Nikita Khrushchev. It was a catastrophic failure for both Kennedy and the CIA. Kennedy had won the 1960 presidential election on the promise of being tough on communism, and the Bay of Pigs disaster came only three months into his presidency. The USSR fully committed to support the communists while protecting Cuba by providing resources. As part of the agreement, USSR Premier Nikita Khrushchev placed nuclear weapons all over the island of Cuba. If the missiles had been launched from Cuba, they could have destroyed the majority of the eastern US within minutes. Therefore, it was an order for the USA to cut off supplies to Cuba and demand the removal of the missiles.
PRICE Five Cents MADISON, MONDAY, MAY 15, APRIL 16, 1963 ★★★ VOL. 172, NO. 45 111TH YEAR HOW DID UNITED STATES FIND OUT ABOUT THE CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS? In October 1962, United States spy planes discovered Soviet missiles in the island of Cuba On October 14, 1962, an American U-2 spy plane flying over Cuba took images of long-range Soviet missiles in Cuba. These missiles could reach any part of the USA with nuclear warheads, causing a catastrophic disaster. WHAT STOPPED THE CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS? From October 22 to October 28, US President John F. Kennedy and USSR Premier Nikita Khrushchev negotiated the removal of nuclear weapons from Cuba. Both leaders put much of an effort to avoid an all-run nuclear war. In conjunction with this, USSR Premier Khrushchev agreed to have the missiles dismantled, and Kennedy promised that the United States would never attack Cuba. Kennedy had also dismantled US ballistic missiles in Turkey. Both powers began to keep their oaths, and the case ended in November 1962.
PRICE Five Cents MADISON, MONDAY, MAY 15, APRIL 16, 1963 ★★★ VOL. 172, NO. 45 111TH YEAR CONSEQUENCES OF THE CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS The USSR removed their missiles from Cuba in exchange of United State promised that they would not invade Cuba. In addition, the United States secretly removed missiles from Turkey in 1963. Also, a telephone hotline was setup in Washington, DC, and Moscow. The purpose of these was to avoid any brink of nuclear war and negotiate in peace about a problem. In August 1963, a treaty was signed by the United States, the USSR, and Great Britain to prohibit atmospheric and underwater nuclear testing. The Cuban Missile Crisis had lead to many consequences in the future years. One of these was the ouster of Khrushchev because his reputation was affected by the crisis, despite his claims that the USSR had won it. However, USSR officials forced him to retire due to his reckless decision to remove the missiles from Cuba. However, President John F. Kennedy solved the crisis from a much better position. During his negotiations, he was calm at the same time firm which represented a great statesmanship until now.
PRICE Five Cents MADISON, MONDAY, MAY 15, APRIL 16, 1963 ★★★ VOL. 172, NO. 45 111TH YEAR Referencing Please note that some website articles do not have individual authors. 1. Wisconsin State Journal. (October 1962). JFK Orders Cuba Blockage to Stop Missile Build-Up | Cuba Missile Crisis 1962. https://www.newspapers.com/clip /61422501/ cuban-missile-crisis- 1962/ 2. Khan Academy.The Cuban MissileCrisis.https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history/postwarera/19 60s-america/a/the-cuban-missile-crisis 3. BBC. Consequences of the Cuban Missile Crisis.https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zwk7rwx/revision/7 4. John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum. The World of Brink John F. Kennedy and the Cuban Missile Crisis Thirteen Days In October 1962. https://microsites .jfklibrary.org/cmc/ 5. Richard Ned Lebow.THE CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS Module prepared for CIAO .August 2000.https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zwk7rwx/revision/7 6. History.com. Jan 4, 2010.Cuban Missile Crisis.https://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/cuban-missile-crisis 7. Duckters. Cold War Bay of Pigs. https://www.ducksters.com/history/cold_war/ bay_of_pigs.php The leader of USSR Nikita Khrushchev