SomReP WVI - Gender Assessment Report

OBJECTIVES

AND PROGRAMS. MAIN GESI INDICATORS

ers need to develop gender ▪ Is promoting gender equality part of the organization’s general
dates for Somalia mandate?
need to integrate gender
heir regulations, policies and ▪ Does the organization have an official statement on their goal for
ormal and informal standard gender equality and their strategy for pursuing gender mainstreaming?
es (Culture)
parity at governance and ▪ Is gender mainstreaming integrated in the regulations of the
and staff organization and in both the formal and informal standard operating
rs to provide physical facilities procedures?
n’s specific needs e.g. pad bins,
ding and washrooms ▪ Does the executive staff demonstrate their commitment to gender
equality and the implementation of gender mainstreaming, in both
formal and informal ways?

• Number of SomReP partners who have integrated GESI in all their
policies i.e. Human Resources, Finance, Relationships and
partnerships) Some of these policies may include

• *Number of partners Zero tolerance to SGBV and sexual harassment at
work place.

• Are the financial resources allocated for introducing gender
mainstreaming and implementing organizational change realistically
calculated and sufficient in order to ensure long term success?

• Number of women in governance senior management positions
▪ Offices with relevant facilities for women.

S.

thodology to build women’s • Proportion of hours in a day spent on unpaid domestic and care work,
ating functional adult literacy, by sex, age and location.
siness skills and sexual and
. FAL will address self-esteem ▪ Percentage of women, men and PWDs receiving business development
e for decision making.
mmunity on the plight of PWDs advice and support (e.g., how to start and operate a business, book
nd special programs like home keeping,)
to make them engage in some
nerating activities and engage • Percentage of women who have initiated and started business after the
training.
r PWDs
▪ Percentage of women with increased incomes within households.

• Number of partners supported to improve the quality and
appropriateness of financial services to benefit women.

• Number of micro, small, or medium-sized enterprises established or

SOMREP /WVS Gender Assessment - 36 -

reduces remittances. ▪ Repackage training m
•-Women’s access and participation in flexible and for sho
economic empowerment for example TVET women to participat
and other training is limited due to their
inability to make decisions at HH level. • Partner with finan
•Stigmatization of PWDs in society which provide services to w
traumatizes them.
• Microfinance services not available in their
location.
•Lack of access to credit due to lack of
collateral, lack of guarantors.
•Lack of capital to start and expand business
enterprises.

Value Chain Development ▪ The reproductive and productive roles of ▪Disseminating goo
Community Disaster Risk women still inhibit them from actively (technologies and p
participating in agriculture. mitigate disaster impa
▪Increasing women’s a
• The socialization process and gender (access to land, livesto
division of labor from a tender age pushes •Enhancing women’s a
girl more to the household and the boys are household and comm
more engaged in farm work and livestock. field schools, junior fa
to strengthen techn
• Women don’t own land so they don’t make awareness.
decisions on production (where to produce, •Training men and
what to produce and what happens to the management and vete
proceeds of production) •Build capacity sustain
technologies, soil and
• Social norms limit women and girl’s control disease management.
and ownership of land. •Develop digital platfor
time information on m
▪ Farm inputs and supplies were given to •Sensitize and train fa
household heads that in most cases are and provide them mul
male and this causes women to miss out.

• Undeveloped agriculture value chains to
engage women and girls.

• Occurrence of floods and drought leading
to displacement, emergence of female
headed households. This also affects the
productively of farm yields posing
challenges of food insecurity.

• Limited skills in animal disease and
veterinary services.

• -Limited information on markets and pricing
of farm yields.

▪ During disasters, the most affected are • -Build capacity men,

modules and timing to be more expanded by women
orter periods to allow young • Number and percentage of women and men who receive credit, by
te.
ncial service institutions to proportion of credit.
women. • Proportion of women, girls and PWDs trained fully in TVET, financial

od agricultural practices literacy and other economic empowerment training. (course
practices) that prevent and completion)
act. • Number and percentage of jobs (person-days) generated for women
access to productive resources and men in the community (self-employment or number of jobs
ock), farm inputs and supplies. created)
access to decision-making at • Proportion of women employed in unskilled, technical, management,
munity level through farmer and supervisory roles, by sector.
armer field and Farmer groups • Evidence that livelihood programs are tailored to the needs and
nical skills and raise gender aspirations of different groups (e.g., female heads of households;
adolescent girls and boys; older, displaced men and women, IDPs and
women in animal disease PWDs)
erinary services. ▪ Number and percentage of women and men trained in animal
nable agriculture production
d water conservation, pest and diseases and basic veterinary services.
. • Percentage of target population who have received and embraced
rms for farmers to receive real
markets and pricing. agricultural practices that prevent and mitigate disaster.
armers about new technology • Number and percentage of target population with increased income
ltimedia.
due to new agricultural practices.
• Number and percentage of women and men provided with

information on marketing, pricing, and value addition.
• Number of women who own factors of production e.g. land, capital

and labor
▪ Number and percentage of women and men trained in sustainable

production technologies, soil and water conservation, pest and
disease management.

, women and PWDs to initiate • Number of community-based adaptation activities that strengthen

SOMREP /WVS Gender Assessment - 37 -

Management women who are care keepers for children disaster adaptation
and sick members of the communities. especially in food pro
• -Men as household heads struggle with the
responsibility of searching for food during • -Encourage commun
drought and floods. capacity and that o
• -Dependence on either livestock or crop livelihood and incom
agriculture and in times of disaster (floods,
drought) livelihood and sources of income ▪ By designing mark
are greatly affected. livelihood opportunit
• -Limited capacity of EWEA committees to
respond to disasters. • -Strengthen the villag
• -Delayed response and limited resources their smooth oper
for disaster management. linkages with district
• -Climate change adaptation plans have management activiti
limited inputs from women.
▪ Advocacy and capaci
allocate resources an
timely manner

• -Involve women in a
plans.

• -Involve women in
transformative clima

STRATEGIC AREA 3: ENHANCING CAPACITY AND WELLBEING OF SOCIALLY EXCLUDED GROUPS

HUMANITARIAN SECTOR

Shock responsive safety nets •Women don’t have the opportunity to make • Engaging men for

decisions about the food and cash received women participate

especially in male headed households. community level.

▪PWDs miss out on this assistance especially • Capacity building an

in host communities. make women effect

•Limited participation of women in the committees.

leadership of Food and Cash Assistance • Timely interventions

committees. during disaster situa

•Gaps in food and cash assistance during ▪ Additional Food and

crisis and disaster situations. vulnerable members

•Because of their limited sources of income Headed Households

and poverty levels, PWDs, Female headed

households sometimes find the assistance

insufficient.

Natural Resource Managment

▪Girls walking to sanitation facilities at night ▪There is need to bui
ensure security and p
expose them to GBV. especially within the ID
▪PWDs find it very hard to access the
•There is need to cons
sanitation facilities that are not disability are disability friendly f
▪Capacity building for w
friendly.
▪Limited participation of women in the

n or mitigation activities women’s access to resources for sustainable food production and clean
oduction and water resources. /safe water sources
• -Number and percentage of women and men with increased resilience
nity members to build their to deal with climate changes (e.g., use of climate-resilient crops and
of the community diversifying farming techniques, improved land management, increased knowledge
me options. and strengthened networks on climate change issues)
ket-based employment and • Number and percentage of women and men who access employment
ties in crisis and post-crisis. or increase their incomes due to climate change adaptation or
mitigation activities.
ge EWEA committees, support • Changes in adaptation or mitigation plans and initiatives due to
ration and ensure effective consultation with women
t EWS and other disaster risk
ies and processes.
ity building for government to
nd implement CDRM plans in a

all adaptation and mitigation

n development of gender
ate smart plans.

r mindset change to allow • Percentage of women, men and PWDs accessing food and cash
in decision making and at transfers.

nd functional adult literacy to • Percentage of women, girls, men, and boys provided with life-saving
tively participate in leadership assistance in humanitarian and disaster situations (including conflict
and crisis)
s of food and cash assistance
ations. • Proportion of assisted people informed about the programme (who is
d Cash Assistance extended to included, what people will receive, length of assistance)
s of target population. (Female
s, lactating mothers, PWDs). • Proportion vulnerable groups (female headed households, pregnant
and lactating mothers, PWDs) receiving additional food and cash
transfers.

• Proportion of households where women make decisions on the use of
food and cash vouchers.

• Number of women who are on committees that make decisions
concerning food and cash.

• Type of transfer (food or cash) received by target group
disaggregated by sex, host /IDP community, head of household, PWD.

ild toilets near the homes to •Number of women in leadership of WMCs.
protection of girls and women •Number of households with access to safe water.
DP camps •Hours per day that females and males spend collecting water for
domestic and other uses.
struct sanitation facilities that •Incidence of waterborne diseases among target population.
for PWDs. •Reasons given by women, men and PWDs for not subscribing to or
women to enable them actively

SOMREP /WVS Gender Assessment - 38 -

leadership of Water Management participates in Water M
Committees •Train youth in Operatio
•Breakdown and delay in maintenance of
water facilities leading to water scarcity.

STRATEGIC AREA 4: PROMOTING GESI TRANSFORMATIVE LEGAL AND POLICY ENVIRONMENT THROUGH A

Social Inclusion

•Women and girls are under-represented in • Prioritize education fo

legislative and management positions at all enhance their capacity

levels. (Federal, State and Local) at all levels.

▪Somalia has adopted limited international • Support mindset chan

covenants and regional protocols that labor from the grassro

promote GESI. peer to peer counselin

•Limited capacity to develop and execute messages, MEN engag

gender transformative laws and policies. • Create capacity at diff

•The target group has limited knowledge, (clan system, Sharia an

information and understanding about the generate and impleme

available laws, policies and how they policy frameworks.

function. • Partnering with CSOs,

community groups, go

media (print, social, el

information on GESI a

policies that promote

Management Committees. taking up new water services.

on and maintenance/plumbing •Views of women and men on changes in the gender division of labor on

water supply and sanitation, and reasons for changes

•Number and percentage of females and males using improved hygiene

practices, and the number and percentage with knowledge of

improved hygiene practices

ADVOCACY, CAPACITY BUILDING AND DIALOGUE

or women and girls in order to • Proportion of seats held by women in federal, state and local legislative
y to participate in leadership bodies, senior managers in government ministries, departments and
authorities.
nge about gender division of
oots. (this can be through ▪ Number of laws and policies engendered and executed to the benefit
ng for girls, multimedia of women, girls and PWDs.
ge)
ferent levels of governance • Number of international conventions adopted and domesticated in
nd government systems) to Somalia.
ent GESI complaint legal and
• Number of laws enacted and policies developed, engendered to the
, cultural and religious leaders, benefit of women, girls and PWDs.
overnment systems and
lectronic) to disseminate • Number of government officials at all levels whose capacities are built.
and the relevant laws and • Proposed percentage of community members who are aware of the
GESI.
legal frameworks and know where to go for redress.

SOMREP /WVS Gender Assessment - 39 -

Darusalam Maternal and Child Health Centre, MOH/ World Vision, South-West State. Source: File photo

SOMREP /WVS Gender Assessment - 40 -

7.0 SOMREP GENDER MONITORING PLAN

Sectors Objectives Mainstream GESI Indicators

Economic Increased household ✓ Number of women
Empowerment income at family level
employable skills
Economic Participation ✓ Number of men wom
Economic Opportunity
successful self-emplo
✓ Number of household

with capacities to acc
✓ Number of girls and b

basic needs at househ
✓ Percentage decrease
✓ Number of women an

with increased saving

financial institution
✓ % Adult unemploymen
✓ % Female/male youth
✓ Female/male high-skil
✓ Employers (as % of fem
✓ Female/male rate of v
✓ Female/male rate of u
✓ Law mandates equal
✓ Existing law that man

hiring
✓ Access to child care
✓ Ability of women and

leadership
✓ Percentage of women
✓ Evidence of specific

men’s (including spec

n and men, PWDs, IDPs, and youth with Means of Verification
(MOVs)
men, PWDs, and youth who are employed and in ✓ Project Reports
oyment ventures ✓ Household Surveys
ds (including those of special interest groups) ✓ Population and
cess basic household commodities
boys who are able to access support for their Housing Census Report
hold level
✓ Project Reports
in gender based violence at household ✓ Household Surveys
nd youth, PWDs, IDPs, minority clans’ members ✓ Population and
gs and capacities to access credit facilities in
Housing Census Report
nt rate (as % of female/male labor force)
not in employment or education ✓ Project Reports
lled share of labor force ✓ Household Surveys
male/male labor force) ✓ Population and
vulnerable employment (PWDs, IDPs)
underemployment Housing Census Report
pay
ndates non-discrimination based on gender in

d special interest groups to rise to positions of

n/men with an account at a financial institution
activities designed to support women’s and
cial interest groups) enterprise development,

SOMREP /WVS Gender Assessment - 41 -

Value Chain Improving Agricultural including partnersh
Development Production
women’s associations
Seed System Security ✓ The proportion of c
Irrigation
women from poore

interest groups
✓ Access to remittances
✓ Increased women’s a
✓ Inheritance rights for
✓ Women’s secure acc

women’s secure ac

ownership
✓ Number of individua

Groups - SIGs benef

agricultural productio
✓ Number of hectares

technologies with Som
✓ Number of individual

applied improved m

SomReP and partners
✓ Number of beneficia

storage practices
✓ Percent of household
✓ Number of individuals

systems/agriculture in
✓ Percent of household
✓ Number of beneficia

storage practices
✓ Number of hectares

interventions
✓ Number of individua

irrigation intervention
✓ Length of irrigatio

interventions

hips with nongovernment organizations, ✓ Project Reports
s, or financial institutions ✓ Household Surveys
credit provided to men and women, and to
er socioeconomic groups as well as special ✓ Agricultural
Surveys
s
ability to make financial decisions ✓ Household Surveys
r daughters enhanced and guaranteed ✓ Programme report
cess to land use, control and ownership and ✓ Agricultural
ccess to non-land assets use, control and
Surveys
als (male, female, youth and Special Interest ✓ Household Surveys
ficiaries) directly benefitting from improving ✓ Programme report
on
s under improved management practices or
mReP and partners’ assistance.
ls (male, female, SIGs beneficiaries) who have
management practices or technologies with
s’ assistance
ary households using improved post-harvest

ds with access to sufficient seed to plant
s (beneficiaries) directly benefitting from seed
nput activities
ds with access to sufficient seed to plant
ary household using improved post-harvest

s under irrigation resulting from irrigation

als (beneficiaries) directly benefitting from
n
on system implemented from irrigation

SOMREP /WVS Gender Assessment - 42 -

Community Disaster Pest and Pesticides ✓ Number and percent
Risks Management Livestock
attacks
Enhance community ✓ Number of individua
awareness and
mobilization on disaster protection practices
risk management. ✓ Number of individua

activities
✓ Number of animals be
✓ Number of animals ow
✓ Number of individ

management

Fisheries and Aquaculture
✓ Number of individu

benefitting from fishe
✓ Number of fis

reconstructed/repaire
✓ Number of kilograms
✓ Number of in

fisheries/aquaculture
✓ Number of animals tr
✓ Number of animal dis
✓ Number of veterinary

medical commodity tr
✓ Number of individua

special interest grou

supply chain managem
✓ Number of communi

are aware of potentia
✓ Number of women, m

basic disaster risk mit
✓ Number of local base

communities.
✓ Numbers of househo

same in mitigating po

of hectares protected against disease or pest ✓ Agricultural

als (beneficiaries) trained in appropriate crop Surveys
✓ Household Surveys
als (beneficiaries) benefiting from livestock ✓ Programme report
✓ Agricultural
enefitting from livestock activities
wned per individuals Surveys
duals (beneficiaries) trained in livestock ✓ Household Surveys
✓ Programme report

uals (male, female and SIGs beneficiaries) ✓ Agricultural
eries/aquaculture activities
sheries/aquaculture productive assets Surveys
ed ✓ Household Surveys
s of aquatic resources harvested ✓ Programme report
ndividuals (beneficiaries) trained in

reated or vaccinated ✓ Agricultural
seases outbreaks Surveys
y facilities out of stock of any of the veterinary
racer products for longer than one week ✓ Household Surveys
als (males, female, youth beneficiaries from ✓ Programme report
ups) trained in veterinary medical commodity
ment ✓ Disaster risk
ty women, men, boys and girls and SIGs who registers
al disaster risks in their communities
men, boys and girls who are knowledgeable on ✓ Agricultural
tigation mechanisms Surveys
ed structures addressing disaster risks in their
✓ Household Surveys
olds with disaster risk registers and apply the ✓ Programme report
otential risks in their communities.

SOMREP /WVS Gender Assessment - 43 -

GBV Response Strengthened GBV ✓ Number of women
response mechanisms
in communities disasters in their hous
✓ Percentage decreas

households
✓ Number and perce

participatory planning
✓ Number of women and m

GBV in their relationships
✓ Proportion of women ag

from an intimate partner

result of the violence
✓ Proportion of women age

an intimate partner in the
✓ Proportion of women age

someone other than an in
✓ Proportion of women age

15
✓ Proportion of women age
✓ Proportion of women ag

cutting/mutilation
✓ Number of law enforce

incidents of VAW/G accord
✓ Number of GBV cases re

occurrence book.
✓ Number of women and gi
✓ Percentage decrease in

communities.
✓ Number of GBV Surviv

information through the U
✓ Number of GBV cases litig
✓ Number of women, men,

adopt online reporting of

and men who survive and are resilient to
seholds/communities
se in man-made disaster incidences at

entage of women and men who attend
g and consultation meetings

men who are aware and able to detect signs of • Police records
GBV prevention desks
and communities. • Somalia Protection
Monitoring reports
ged 15-49 who experienced physical violence • Somalia Gender-Based
Violence Area of
r in the past 12 months who were injured as a Responsibility (GBV
AoR) Reports
• Somalia Gender-Based
ed 15-49 who experienced sexual violence from Violence Area of
Responsibility (GBV
e past 12 months AoR) Dashboard 2021

ed 15-49 who experienced sexual violence from

ntimate partner in the past 12 months •

ed 15-49 who report sexual violence below age

ed 18-24 who were married before age 18
ged 15-19 who have undergone female genital

ement professionals trained to respond to
ding to an established protocol
eported to the police and recorded in Police

irls who report GBV cases for legal redress.
n GBV cases reported at household and

vors provided with legal aid services and
UNFPA chaired GBV Working Group in Somalia
gated in courts of law and logically concluded.
, girls and boys who have successfully utilized
GBV cases in their communities.

SOMREP /WVS Gender Assessment - 44 -

Shock Responsive Conditional Food ✓ Number of women, men,
Safety nets Assistance
the UN backed toll free
Unconditional Food
Assistance meaning ‘no shame’
✓ Number of trafficked wom
Cooked Meals ✓ Number of beneficiaries r
✓ Percent of households

decisions on the use of fo
✓ Percent of food assistan

women
✓ Percent of households w

Consumption Score (FCS)
✓ Mean and median Reduce
✓ Percent of households w
✓ Household Hunger Scale (
✓ Number of beneficiaries r
✓ Percent of households w

decisions on the use of fo
✓ Percent of food assistanc

women
✓ Percent of households w

Consumption Score (FCS)
✓ Mean and median Reduce
✓ Percent of households w

Scale (HHS) scores
✓ Percent of households w

decisions on the use of fo
✓ Percent of food assistanc

women
✓ Percent of households w

Consumption Score (FCS)
✓ Mean and median Reduce
✓ Percent of households w

Scale (HHS) scores

, girls and boys who have successfully utilized
e Hotline 5555 for IDPs, nicknamed Ceebla

men ✓ Household surveys
receiving food assistance ✓ Project reports

where women reported participating in
ood assistance
nce decision-making entity members who are

with poor, borderline, and acceptable Food

)

ed Coping Strategies Index (rCSI)

with moderate and severe

(HHS) scores ✓ Household surveys
receiving food assistance

where women reported participating in ✓ Project reports

ood assistance

ce decision-making entity members who are

with poor, borderline, and acceptable Food
)
ed Coping Strategies Index (rCSI)

with moderate and severe Household Hunger

where women reported participating in ✓ Household surveys
ood assistance ✓ Project reports
ce decision-making entity members who are

with poor, borderline, and acceptable Food
)
ed Coping Strategies Index (rCSI)

with moderate and severe Household Hunger

SOMREP /WVS Gender Assessment - 45 -

Natural Resource • To improve political ✓ Increase voice, involveme

Management influence and voice and underrepresented gro

in the public space utilities/workplace and ins

✓ Built capacity of water use

for positive and evidentia
✓ Promote and facilitate str

exposure in the political s

• To ensure ✓ No of communities’/water

realization of rights access to and use of WAS

to basic services for practices, including menst

all and accountability for equ
✓ Capacity built and strengt

tools to ensure sustained

• To improve ✓ Improve WASH service de

inclusive service and systems, making thes

delivery systems and devoid of stereotypes
✓ Promote sustainable servi

stakeholder platforms tha

sector for sustainable cos

✓ No. of training on ‘Do no h

WASH related risks of viol

✓ Develop a comprehensive

harm in WASH facilities.

• To champion ✓ Strengthen reflection and

positive identities in awareness, ability, gender

changing men and women, and boy
communities ✓ Promote capacity to nego

division of workloads, res

GESI incorporated in • Human Resources ✓ Number of multidisciplina
✓ Number of organizational
SomReP Institutional and Policies:
programme
Structures and

Programme Cycle

ent and influence and leadership of women ✓ Household surveys

oups at different levels, and within the water ✓ Project reports

stitutions.

ers, networks and access relevant information

al advocacy.

rategic partnerships, active participation and

sphere.

r users accessing equitable and universal ✓ Household surveys

SH services, and the adoption of hygienic ✓ Project reports

trual hygiene management. Strengthen data

uitable services delivery

thening support mechanisms using a range of

and equitable WASH services for all.

elivery and private sector capacity, processes ✓ Household surveys

se more effective, inclusive, transformative, ✓ Project reports

s

vice provision models involving multi-

at include rights holder groups and private

st effective service delivery

harm approach’ to ensure practices to reduce

lence, assault and harm.

e monitoring system to capture unintended

d individual capacities in relation to self- ✓ Household surveys

r equality, femininity and masculinity among ✓ Project reports

ys and girls of diverse backgrounds.

otiate for more equitable decision making,

sponsibility and accountability.

ary teams with sectoral and GESI expertise ✓ GESI Responsive

l policies to promote inclusion and diversity in Human Resources

Policies
✓ GESI Responsive HR

Manual

SOMREP /WVS Gender Assessment - 46 -

• Capacity ✓ Orientation on GESI for So
Development and ✓ Number of training on GE
Expertise ✓ Number of GESI learning e
✓ All staff have completed G

• GESI Dedicated ✓ Number of GESI Specialist
Resources ✓ Number of GESI Focal Per
✓ Establishment of a GESI

commits to support
✓ % of dedicated budget line

✓ Existence of a GESI Work

• GESI Related Policy ✓ Level of policy advocacy t

Dialogue ✓ Number of partnerships o

✓ Number of policies develo

• Knowledge ✓ Number of studies and r

Management dialogue, influence decisio

• GESI incorporated ✓ GESI mainstreamed at ALL
into Programme ✓ Number of programme d

Design, Monitoring elements.

and Evaluation ✓ GESI Working Group esta

(GAP)

✓ Level of commitment for

✓ Level of implementation

targets included in perfor

✓ Gender indicators are use

programmes

✓ % increase in GESI respons

omReP staff and implementing partners ✓ GESI Training manuals

ESI analysis for SomReP staff and partners and toolkits

events at all levels

GESI training

ts ✓ Annual plans

rsons ✓ Annual Reports

Working Group that SomReP and Partners ✓

e for GESI

king Group

that has influenced various legislation ✓ Annual plans
on policy advocacy ✓ Annual Reports

oped at regional and national level ✓

research on GESI for evidence - based policy ✓ GESI Information

on making and analytical skill development. Management Systems

L stages of Programme Cycle Management ✓ Programme reports

documents that ensure integration of gender ✓ Annual plans

✓ Annual Reports

tablished and develops a gender action plan ✓ Monitoring and

Evaluation reports

implementing GESI Working Group’s GAP

of GAP among senior managers with gender

rmance targets.

ed for reporting in more than 50 per cent of

sive Monitoring and evaluation reports.

SOMREP /WVS Gender Assessment - 47 -

7.1 Risks and Mitigation Measures

Risk Likelihood Impact Treatment
Lack of buy-in from government, Medium High Partner with existing local partners to
community and religious leaders. develop contextualized communication
strategies, outreach methodologies,
Lack of resources to finance GESI Low Medium awareness raising/training tools, and
linkages to supportive structures.
Negative attitude and resistance High Medium Awareness and training materials which
from society as strategy aims to target multiple layers of society, including
change deeply rooted cultural HH, group, and community levels.
norms and practices Facilitate participatory and inclusive
community analysis and planning
processes which engage both men and
women, powerholders and marginalized
that engenders a common understanding
of issues/barriers and co-created
strategies to address inequalities.

Develop a comprehensive Gender &
Inclusion Strategy with well-defined
Theory of Change and graduation
pathways with clear multi-year, multi-
step interventions. Integrate GESI
graduation pathways into future designs,
including sufficient budget provision to
undertake activities and support
technical advisory capacity. Develop clear
metrics using GESI Monitoring &
Evaluation Toolkit and indicators to
measure impact and provide evidence of
effectiveness. Develop systems to
monitor the maturity/capacity of
different groups to overcome barriers
and change systems and mechanisms to
document and communicate change in
compelling ways. Undertake operational
research and present findings to advance
understanding of dynamics of exclusion
and best-practices to overcome barriers
to share with others with the objective of
becoming a Center of Excellence and
thought leader in the space of gender in
Somalia and elsewhere.
Identify and develop local advocates,
Change Agents and Change Champions,
to identify challenges, create strategies
and drive change. Change Agents will be
identified within existing community
structures and economic groups
supported through the program. Change
Champion will be enlisted from existing
social, political and economic power

SOMREP /WVS Gender Assessment - 48 -

structures, including religious and
business leaders, local authorities and
government. Men and women,
powerholders and marginalized will
identify how existing biases, traditions
and norms, as well as processes like
climate change result in differential
impact to marginalized groups which-in
term, harm whole community well-being,
economic growth and resilience.

SOMREP /WVS Gender Assessment - 49 -

8.0 WAY FORWARD

The Gender analysis highlights the significant influence that gender has on resilience action in
Somalia, it appreciates the need for a combination of structural actions and programmatic
interventions that address social and cultural norms at households, community and multiple
governance levels. Below are key recommendations that SomReP will seek to scale as we work to
bridge inequalities and build resilience.

Policy Environment.

• There is need for sustained of coalition building to support joint advocacy initiatives with
government to work towards ratifying international conventions and commit towards
operationalizing policies that address gender inequalities.

• SomReP could also support evidence gathering around gender in resilience to further
concretise the evidence base for gender and inclusive communities such as on the opportunity
cost of lack of operational action on gender related policies as well as what approaches
work best in addressing gender inequalities in resilience and identify the bottlenecks that
are preventing the implementation of legislation that supports the rights of women and other
marginalized groups.

Community level

• Support Government to scale orientation of community structures and various levels of
government on existing gender related policies and work with them to support their
operationalization.

• Engage the community through established community governance systems on the impact of
existing socio-cultural norms on fueling inequalities and the potential impact of more inclusive
structures on the overall well-being.

• Work with communities to design interventions that promote and enable women and
marginalized groups to have increased access and ownership of productive assets and inputs,
this means bridging barriers to credit for women, extension services, land and agricultural
training as well as business development skills and services.

• Support communities to understand the relationship between inclusive community level
targeting and prioritization interventions with inclusive household approaches to help
avoid risk of misconceptions and encourage shifts from inequitable social cultural norms.

• Implement interventions that build alliances with religious leaders, community leaders and
facilitate conversations on approaches that work towards inclusive decision making.

Household level

• Gender is as much a household level conversation and hence SomReP could review its
intervention design to apply gender household methodologies that improve the
understanding of the effect of unequal power relations and support households to build more
cohesive units and improve gender relations and contribute to overall household resilience.

• Support people with disability to take-up livelihood development opportunities within both
agricultural value chains as well as non-farm activities to foster inclusion and improve
resilience outcomes for them.

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Source: Woman engaged in Micro-enterprises, Source: SomReP File photo

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ANNEX. 1 GLOSSARY ITEMS

Concept Definition
Gender
Gender refers to the social attributes and opportunities associated with being male and female and the
Gender Analysis relationships between women and men and girls and boys, as well as the relations between females
and those between males. These activities, attributes, behaviour, expectations, norms, roles,
Gender opportunities and relationships are socially constructed and are learnt through socialization processes.
Architecture
Gender Equality The methodology for collecting and processing information about gender. Gender analysis is the
Gender Equality process of analyzing information to ensure benefits and resources are effectively and equitably
Indicator targeted to both women and men, and to successfully anticipate and avoid any negative impacts which
Gender Equity interventions may have on women or on gender relations.

Intersectionality The ‘gender architecture’ of a country consists of the governance structures put in place to tackle
gender inequality and discrimination.
Power
Gender equality ensures that women, men and people of other genders have equal rights,
responsibilities, opportunities, respect and equal access to resources including economic participation
and decision-making. Gender equality is the end goal of gender equity.

An indicator that measures gender equality directly or is a proxy for gender equality or gender equity.
Indicators which can act as a proxy for gender equality or gender equity include indicators which look
at different ways in which gender inequity manifests, through for example: access to resources,
distribution of labour/ roles, norms and values, and autonomy and decision-making.

Gender equity means fairness of treatment for women and men, according to their respective needs. It
recognizes that women and girls, and men and boys may have distinct needs, and seeks fairness of
treatment according to a person’s respective need to ensure the realization of equal rights,
opportunities, and respect. Gender equity is needed if gender equality is to be achieved.

Intersectionality is the complex, cumulative way in which the effects of multiple forms of discrimination
(such as age, gender, classism, disability, clanism) combine, overlap and intersect especially in the
experiences of marginalized individuals or groups. It provides a framework for understanding how
multiple categories of identity (such as gender, clan, age, disability status and class) interact in ways
that create complex systems of oppression and power.

Power is most commonly understood as a form of authority, control or domination. Those with
authority over others are considered powerful, while those who are dominated are seen as powerless.

Sex Refers to the biological and physiological characteristics that define 'male' and 'female'.

Sex/gender- An indicator that pertains to only women or only men or only people of other genders. Quantitative
specific statistical information on differences and inequalities between women and men.
indicator

Sex/gender An indicator that measures differences between women, men or people of other genders in relation
disaggregated to a particular metric.

Indicator

Social Inclusion The process of improving the ability, opportunity, and dignity of people, disadvantaged on the basis of
their identity, to take part in society. Social inclusion includes the inclusion of vulnerable groups who
are at risk of exclusion within a particular context. Such groups may include: women and girls, orphans,
adolescents and young people, the elderly, people living with disabilities, ethnic minorities, religious
minorities, people living with a stigmatizing illness, internally displaced people, migrant populations,
nomadic/ agricultural communities, members of minority clans or sub-clans, people living in informal
urban settlements or geographically inaccessible districts.

Strategy and A GESI SAP identifies who has responsibility for delivering the SAP and identifies the related goals,

Action Plan (SAP) baselines, targets, and activities needed to undertake the prioritized GESI activities.

The Vision The Vision Journey is a planning tool that has helped many people (women and youth as well as men)
Journey to plan how to use their resources to achieve their vision

Twin Track An approach which recognizes that in order for development programs to be accessible to certain

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Approach groups, it is important to recognize the specific needs and vulnerabilities and thus a responsive
approach covers two aspects. Firstly, ensuring that Gender Equality and Social Inclusion (GESI) is being
mainstreamed into organizational functions, processes and systems. Secondly, targeted approach
means adopting specific set of targeted interventions focused on a particular identified at-risk group.

ANNEX II: REFERENCE
Federal Republic of Somalia – FRS, (2018). Somalia Recovery and Resilience Framework (RRF).
Federal Republic of Somalia – FRS, (2019). Ninth Somalia National Development Plan (2020–2024).
Somalia, December 2019.

Federal Republic of Somalia – FRS, (2019). The Somali Women’s Charter. Somalia. Ministry of
Women and Human Rights Development. 2019.

Federal Republic of Somalia – FRS, (2020). The Somali Health and Demographic Survey, 2020.
Somalia.

Independent Advisory Group on Country Information – IAGCI, (2019). Country Policy and
Information Note Somalia: Majority clans and minority groups in south and central Somalia.

Inter-riverine Consulting (2019). Qualitative Study of Vulnerability, Inclusion & Exclusion. Final
Report Tuesday, 17 September 2019.

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