004_FACTORS EFFECTING LEARNING_79_BACA

Self-concept

Self-concept is the way in
which people view and
understand themselves. It is
different from self-
confidence or self-esteem
which deals with how
confident students are in
their abilities.

Acadamic Self-concept

Academic self-concept refers to
how the students understand
their academic abilities. For
example a student who sees
herself as intelligent, an
excellent reader and good at
mathematics has a positive
self-concept

IMPLICATION FOR TEACHING

Teachers can incorporate
activities into the learning
environment for their
students to help developing
their self-concept use
activities that fit in with the
class you are teaching

Proper Nutrition

Nutrition provides energy to
the learner and with energy
learning cannot be done.
Nutrition is essential for
organs to develop (building
material), but also to let it
operate (fuel)

Proper Sleep

Taking a good sleep is a
basic psychological and
biological need of a person

A good and proper sleep
makes the man fresh,
active, competent and ready
for working and learning

Tiredness / boringness

The decrease in the
physical and mental
abilities of a person due
to tiredness or
unpleasant task is called
boringness

ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS

Learner Beliefs
 Social Expectations
 Cultural Demands
 Family Background
 Achievement
 Physical Condition

Learner Beliefs

. Learners always take interest
in the things related to their
religious ideas and
environmental believes. The
things which are against the
beliefs of the learner are not
taken seriously by him and do
not take interest to learn them.

Social Expectations

Social expectation is an
internalized social norm for
individuals and organizations, thus
for society as a whole, about what
people should do. The term social
expectations refers to the general
standards of behavior that
individuals who live within a society
are expected to uphold

Cultural Demands

Our cultural values, which
often include particular
religious beliefs, shape our
way of living and they have
also changed over time as
circumstances demand

Family Background

Learner inherits many things from
his family. Mother is the first
institute for a person so family
background effects on the learning
of a person. A student belong to a
literate family has different learning
trend as compared to the students
who do not know to read and write

Achievement

Student who have achieved
highly before are more likely to
achieve highly again.
Achievement may enhance
performance as it and
psychologically facilitates
adherence to expectation of
others

Implication for teaching

Opportunities must be created for
the learner to excel in an identified
strength. Teachers should use a
variety of instructional techniques
appealing to different interests and
learning orientations to ensure that
the abilities of students translate
into some form of achievement

Physical conditions

Physical conditions needed for
learning is under environmental
factor. One of the factors that affect
the efficiency of learning is the
condition in which learning takes
place. This includes the classrooms,
textbooks, equipment, school
supplies, and other instructional
materials.

. It cannot be denied that the type
and quality of instructional materials
and equipment play an important
part in the instructional efficiency of
the school. Good and pleasant
conditions always produce better
results for learners. Teachers should
provide a healthy and creative
environment in the class room and
in the institute so that learning may
become better.

TEACHING / INSTRUCTIONAL FACTORS

1 Teacher’s Personality
4.2 Learning Strategy
4.3 Standards and Assessment
4.4 Counseling and Advising
4.5 Learning Methodology
4.6 Curriculum
4.7 Teaching Aids

Teacher’s Personality

 The way in which his personality interacts
with the personalities of the pupils being
taught helps to determine the kind of
behavior which emerges from the learning
situation. The supreme value of a teacher
is not in the regular performance of
routine duties, but in his power to lead
and to inspire his pupils through the
influence of his moral personality and
example

Learning Strategy

Everyone has his own
preference for a strategy to
learn and study. Some prefer to
make a summary; others
highlight or underline important
text, and read the same text
several times. But the
preference that someone
follows is not always the most
effective strategy

Standards and Assessment

Setting appropriately high and
challenging standards and assessing
the learner as well as learning
progress -- including diagnostic,
process, and outcome assessment -
- are integral parts of the learning
process. Assessment provides
important information to both the
learner and teacher at all stages of
the learning process

Effective learning takes place when
learners feel challenged to work
towards appropriately high goals;
therefore, appraisal of the learner's
cognitive strengths and weaknesses,
as well as current knowledge and
skills, is important for the selection
of instructional materials of an
optimal degree of difficulty. Ongoing
assessment of the learner's
understanding of the curricular
material can provide valuable
feedback to both learners and
teachers about progress toward the

Learning Methodology

Methodology of learning:
learning depends upon the
methods, techniques and
approaches employed for
the teaching and learning of
selected contents

: (a) Linking the recent learning’s
with those of the past

(b) Correlating learning in one area
with that of another

(c) Utilization of maximum number
of sense

(d) Revision and practice

(e) Provision of proper feedback and
reinforcement

(f) The selection of the suitable
learning methods and teaching.

Counseling and advising

Counseling and advising by the
teacher to his students effects on
the learning of the student. Good
teachers always direction their
students in the right direction and
this advising is very affective for
learning. When a learner gets a
positive counseling and advising he
learns more and attain his required
ability or skill

PERSONAL AND SOCIAL FACTORS

Emotional and social factors
 Cultural demands and

social expectations
 Relationship with Parents
 Cooperation
 Goals of life

Emotional and social

factors

Personal factors, such as instincts
and emotions, and social factors,
such as cooperation and rivalry, are
directly related to a complex
psychology of motivation. It is a
recognized fact that the various
responses of the individual to
various kinds of stimuli are
determined by a wide variety of
tendencies

Cultural Demands and Social
Expectation

 They influence learning deeply; the spirit
of culture is reflected in its social and
educational institutions. For instance, in
an industrialized culture, the emphasis
mostly centers mechanical science and
preparing children for highly mechanized
vocations. Likewise, in an agriculture
based community, the educational process
focuses on preparing its members for
those skills which are suited to the needs
of an agrarian community

Relationship with parents

. If the child-parents relationship is
based on mutual respect and faith,
it can facilitate his or her learning.
On the contrary to it a distorted and
unhealthy environment, adversely
affects the learning of the student.
The upward mobility brings
resistance on the part of the student
to learn. Student's belongings to
such families find them unable to
cope up.

A healthy peer group

 This relationship also plays an important
role in learning. Student-student
relationship in the classroom, school,
society, etc., creates a particular type of
emotional climate. The climate solely
depends upon their relationships. A sound
relationship provides a tension free
environment to the student enabling him
to learn more and to complete in the
class. If the relationship among peers is
not good, it adversely affects their
learning.

Some others factors

EXERCISE
EFFICIENCY
TREND