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25 27 Sand flies

You can also open about Sand flies can carry
a 3cm hole in the upper leishmaniasis, a disease
half
of the bottle and hang which can permanently
the bottle by a string where disfigure you. Sand flies
you need it. are much smaller than
mosquitos. They travel in
51 swarms, so where there
is one, there is many.
They are mostly active in
dusk and dawn periods.

How to Get Rid of
Sand Flies:

Indoors

29 Clean every corner of
the house including
carpets.

30 Clean any cracks in
walls, floors, or ceil-
ing. Use a handheld
vacuum cleaner if you
have them.

Water and Sanitation
32 34

31 Close cracks and 35
gaps in the walls,
floor, and ceiling
after cleaning them
out by pasting over
the crack. This will
prevent infestation
since this is where
they breed.

32 Use insect repellent.

33 Use fine mesh
screens or netting.

34 Spray insecticides in- Other Preventive 39 Rub the inside of a
side and outside the Measures: banana peel on your
house to exterminate skin
sand flies. 37 Keep yourself cov-
ered –wear socks, 40 Sprinkle vinegar on
35 Keep orange peel full sleeve shirts, full your clothes.
extracts at windows length pants, and
or doors. hats. 41 Eat garlic orally or rub
it on your hands and
36 Use lemon or any 38 Wear light-colored legs.
citrus to spray areas clothes as sand flies
which may be infest- are attracted to dark
ed. shades.

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Prevent Dehydration

In order to prevent dehydration from extreme
conditions, illness, medicine, and burns, prepare
an oral rehydration solution, which has an ab-
sorption rate that is about 25 times higher than
water.

Ingredients: Dissolve 4 tablespoons of sugar (about 40 grams)
1 water 2 sugar 3 salt and 0.5 teaspoons of salt (about 4 grams) in 1 liter
of water. Drink it immediately.

Oral Hygiene

With a lack of medical services, a minor health
problem can become a serious and painful infec-
tion. Prevention is key. Try to keep your mouth
clean even if you do not have a toothbrush.

1 Use clean gauze, 2 Add half a teaspoon of 3 You can use this
paper towel, or wash salt to a cup of warm solution on wounds as
towel, wrapped water. Wash it around well if you do not have
around your finger. If your mouth and throat another anti-bacterial
you have baking soda for a minute and spit solution available.
or salt, you can mix out. Make sure not
either with a little water to swallow. This is It will hurt but can
to make a paste. Dip especially effective if speed the healing
the gauze or whatever you have a sore throat, process so the wound
material you have in cold, or mouth wound or cut has less time to
the solution and move of any kind. become infected.
your wrapped finger
along your teeth.

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Dealing with extreme cold
and hot temperatures

1 Adjust Your Body 2 3
Temperature
You can adjust your
body temperature by
heating or cooling the
back of your neck,
under your arms, and
above your tailbone.

1 2 Warm/cool your neck 3 Warm/cool your
Wrap a heavy scarf underarms
or towel around your Because there is a
neck when you are large artery near the
cold. This improves surface, warming or
blood circulation and cooling this area will
will significantly help have effects on your
maintain your body whole body.
temperature. Your whole body will
be warmed if you
If you are hot, place place a plastic bottle
an ice pack or wrap a with hot water under
damp towel or clothe your arm. You should
around the back of place cold packs
your neck. under your arms when
it is hot.

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Dealing with extreme cold and hot temperatures

4 56

4 Warm the area 6 Keep warm at night C Fill small holes/gaps
above your tailbone Put insulating mate- in walls, doors, and
Adjusting the tempera- rials on the floor, for windows by taping
ture above the tailbone example rugs, matts, nylon or plastic sheet-
is an easy way to or blankets. The floor ing, hanging a curtain
adjust your body tem- will draw warmth or blanket, or rolling a
perature. Your whole away so try to raise blanket or clothe and
body will be warmed the mattress off the placing it or taping it
if you apply a body floor or place extra into gaps.
warmer to the area insulation under it. You
above your tailbone. could even use layers D Plastic sheeting on
of cardboard.
Add the inside and out can
5 Make a hot insulation to roof and be used to fill missing
water bottle or walls especially if windows and doors.
Materials: Plastic bot- you are in a temporary
tle, water, hot water, structure or tent. E Leave ventilation in
funnel, container such rooms with lots of
as a bucket, towel A Draft proofing to close moisture like bath-
Mix equal portions of gaps and holes will rooms to avoid con-
tap water and boiling prevent heat loss and densation and mold,
water to make luke- cold air from seeping
warm water about into your shelter. F Leave ventilation near
60 degrees Celsius. any gas heater.
Pour this into a strong B Concentrate on cre-
plastic bottle, and ating ‘warm rooms’,
wrap in a towel to pre- making bedrooms
vent low-temperature and living rooms draft
burns. proof.


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Mental Health

Information for adults taking care of children
through conflict and displacement

What might you be 2
experiencing? 8
11
1 You may become
more anxious or ner- 56
vous or depressed.

2 You may have flash-
backs that lead to
rapid heartbeat or
sweating.

3 You may find it diffi-
cult to concentrate or
make decisions.

All of these things may
affect how you get on
with the child or children
you are looking after.

What can you do to
help yourself?

4 Recognize that you are
a unique person.

5 Allow yourself and your
children to mourn any
losses you may have
experienced.


6 Try to be patient with
how you are feeling.

Mental Health

7 Try and keep a positive
outlook.

8 Take support from 13
family and friends.

9 Look after yourself and
try to rest when you
can.


10 As much as you can, What might your child 15 Being fearful and
establish routines like be experiencing?
anxious.

bedtime.
How children react to 16 Difficulty sleeping,
11 Try to keep yourself stressful experiences nightmares, night
occupied with regular can vary depending terrors, shouting or
chores or work or on their age and many screaming.

activities with others.
other things, but here
are some common ways 17 Older children may
12 Share your thoughts children react: go back to bedwet-
and concerns with ting, clinging to their
others who have had parents, frequent
similar experiences. crying,
thumb-suck-
ing, being afraid to be
13 Maintain any religious 14 Physical complaints: left alone.

activities you do.
headache, stomach
ache, fatigue, lack of 18 Becoming unusually
appetite. aggressive or the
opposite, shy and
12 introverted.

19 Difficulty concentrat-
ing.

It is important to remem-
ber that it is NORMAL for
children to show stress
reactions or problem be-
haviors after frightening and
distressing experiences.


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Mental Health

23 25


What can you do to
help your child?

SAFETY 29

20 Ensure your children
know where you are
staying and how to
get help if they are
separated from you.


21 Strive to keep your PROVIDING WARMTH 27 Do not promise your
family together at all AND SUPPORT
children things you
times. cannot provide. Try
24 Tell them often that to give them accurate
22 If you are going to a you love them often. information about
distribution site either Promise that you will what is happening
keep your children do everything you without being harsh.
close by at all times can to protect them.

or leave them at 28 Look for opportuni-
home in the care of a 25 Try to be affectionate ties to praise your
responsible and trust- with your child by of- child when they have
ed relative or adult.
ten giving them hugs done something
or holding their hand.
good, however small
23 If your child goes out, it may seem.

tell them to let you 26 Pay attention to
know where they are them. Ask how they 29 Try to be patient with
going and when they feel about their expe- your child and not
will be back.
riences. to criticize them for
changes in behavior.

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30 Encourage your child 31
to help, and praise
and thank them when 33
they do. Children 34
cope better and
recover sooner when 59
they help others.


ENCOURAGING PLAY


31 Encourage your
child to play with
you, their siblings, or
other children. Play is
important in helping
children work through
stress. It helps main-
tain some normality in
their lives.


MAINTAINING A
ROUTINE

32 Try to maintain rou-
tines such as bed-
time as much as you
can.

33 Encourage children
to do schoolwork
(reading, writing,
maths) even if there
are no schools open.
Maintain a school-
like schedule for this
study.

34 Eat at similar times
with family as much
as possible.

14 SCD Contact
Information

A special application for Syria Civil Defense is
currently available on the Play Store and soon the
app will be launched on Apple Store. The Aware-
ness Section contains vital information of dangers
of UXO and war remnants, educational materials
for children, and other information to help protect
you and your family.

Notices will also be sent to the users in the event of an emergency
or an important event (a huge operation or attacks with internation-
ally prohibited weapons such as chemical gases).
If you would like additional information on how to protect or rein-
force your home or farm, visit your SCD center for a step by step
guide to protecting your home.

If you would like additional information on the explosive remnants
of war in your area and about their dangers, visit your SCD center
or ask SCD volunteers to conduct an awareness session at your
school, mosque, or office.

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Download the SCD application on your android phone for
additional information from SCD on how to protect yourself.
Go to Google Play Store and look for "The White Helmets"
application to download.

Or scan the
QR code

15 Quiz

Community Preparedness Quiz

Q1: What should you do when you hear a siren?
Q2: What should you do if you are trapped in your room and

cannot move after an attack?
Q3: What should you do before evacuating?
Q4: What items should you place in your emergency bag?
Q5: What should be prepared for when family members are

separated?
Q6: What is the contact information for you and your family? Fill

out cards on the back and keep with you.
Q7: What is your evacuation area or meeting place for you

and your family if you can’t get in touch?
Q8: Where can you go in the event of an air strike?
Q9: What is the safest thing to do upon hearing a siren?

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