Prevention And Control Of Diabetes

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Prevention And Control Of Diabetes

November 14, 2020 is the 14th United Nations Diabetes Day. They are 463 million people
have diabetes in the world, 80% of whom are from low-income and middle-income
countries. In 2019, 4.2 million people died of this disease and its complications.

Diabetes itself is not terrible, but its complications is terrible. Long-term hyperglycemia will
lead to a variety of complications: damage to the great vessels and microvessels and
endanger the heart, brain, kidney, peripheral nerves, eyes, feet and so on. In the later
stages of diabetes, patients even face dialysis, amputation and other terrible situations.

According to statistics from the World Health Organization, there are more than 100 kinds
of complications of diabetes. Diabetes is currently the disease with the most known
complications. 80% diabetics die of various complications of diabetes. There are one
person dies from complications of diabetes in every 6 seconds, which is more than the
number of deaths caused by AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria combined.

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Prevention of diabetes

1. Eat out less
People who eat dinner at home 5 to 7 times a week are 15% less likely to develop
diabetes than those who only eat dinner at home twice a week.
2. Eat less processed meat products
Cholesterol in red meat and various additives in processed meat products may be the
main culprits to diabetes. People who eat processed meat products (such as bacon, hot
dogs) at least 5 times a week are 43% more likely to develop diabetes than those who eat
these foods less than or equal to once a week .
3. Get enough sleep
Insufficient sleep increases the risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes. A "sleep debt" of just
30 minutes may have a significant impact on obesity and insulin resistance.
4. Control weight
The larger the waist circumference, the higher the chronic complications and the shorter
the life span. Waist-to-hip is an indicator of obesity. The smaller the ratio, the healthier it is.
Generally, the proportion of women below 0.85 and men below 0.9 are all healthy. But
when the ratio is greater than 1, the risk of developing diabetes will increase significantly.
5. Quit smoking
Smoking increases the risk of diabetes.

Control of diabetes

In order to reduce the damage caused by the complications of diabetes, it is essential to
prevent diabetes and control blood sugar. In other words, the purpose of sugar control is
to control complications, which is the ultimate goal. It may not be too late to change your
lifestyle to avoid diabetes.

1. Control diet
Nutritional treatment is the most basic part of diabetes treatment. With diabetes, you may
not need to take insulin, or you may not need to take hypoglycemic drugs temporarily, but
you will never avoid the topic of how to eat. Eat whole grain food as much as possible.
The more food types are taken, the time for them to pass in the intestines will be relatively
complicated, and the rate of glucose increase is correspondingly slower than eating a
single food.

For example, we can eat more miscellaneous beans, such as adzuki beans, mung beans,

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kidney beans, and pinto beans. The intake of miscellaneous beans alone or with meals
can reduce the dietary glycemic index, increase the intake of dietary fiber, increase satiety,
and reduce food intake, thereby helping to improve mid- to long-term blood sugar control
and weight control.
2. Maintain regular exercise
Exercise has always been an integral part of diabetes management and weight
management. Studies found that fasting exercise for several weeks or even months
increased the gene expression of enzymes related to fat decomposition and fat
burning. Even at rest time, it stimulates more fat burning for daily activities. Long-term
fasting exercise can also improve glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity.

But it should be emphasized that there are three requirements to ensure effective exercise.
First, exercise frequency, at least three times a week. Second, exercise time,an average
of more than half an hour per day. Third, exercise intensity, heart rate is best to reach
(170- age) times. Exercise is only effective if you meet above three requirements.
3. Monitor regularly to prevent early complications
Diabetic retinopathy is one of the most common and serious microvascular complications
of diabetes. It is caused by the damage of high blood sugar to the tiny blood vessels of the
retina. It is often symptomless and painless in the early stage, and it is difficult to recover
once the vision is significantly reduced.

Many diabetics do not have regular eye exams, nor do they receive timely and necessary
treatment. Regular eye examinations and timely treatment to avoid continued aggravation
of complications. Once a patient with diabetes develops clinically overt proteinuria, the
treatment effect is usually poor and the progress is rapid. Therefore, patients with
diabetes must pay attention to regular screening for diabetic nephropathy. Early diagnosis
and early prevention of diabetic nephropathy are of great significance for delaying the
development of renal failure in diabetic patients.
4. Monitor blood sugar and take medicine regularly
If the blood sugar is still not well controlled after changing the lifestyle, it is necessary to
tailor the relevant drug treatment by a specialist, take it regularly, and ensure that the
blood sugar is stable, so as to delay or avoid complications.

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