Snow Lion Publications Niguma, Lady of Illusion (2010)

Reference Bibliography .. 333

Meditation on Channels, Prtif)a, and Such
Na<;lyadi-bhavana
rTsa rlung Ia sogs sgom pa

P rgyud 'grel, vol. Pu, £ 199a-b (4646); CT, vol. 42, 950-51 (2526)
as Ni gu ma'i gdams pa; ST, vol. 8 (Nya), 742-44 as rLung 'don

Meditation on Inner Heat in the Path ofMethods

Upaya-marga-caQ<;ialika-bhavana
Thabs lam gtum mo sgom pa

P rgyud 'grel, vol. Pu, ff. 199a-2ooa (4647); CT, vol. 42, 952-53

(2527) as :Oaki ma'i zhal gdams; ST, vol. 8 (Nya), 747-49

Naturally Free Mahtimudrti
Svay:upmukti-mahamudra
Rang grol phyag rgya chen po
P rGyud 'grel, vol. Pu, ff. 162b-163a (4641); CT, vol. 42, 871-72

(2521); DZ, vol. 12, 468-69

Stages in the Path ofIllusion

~ayadhanakrama

sGyu rna lam rim/sGyu rna lam gyi rim pa/sGyu rna lam rim dri med
snyingpo

P rgyud 'grel, vol. Pu, ff. 165a-176a (4643); CT, vol. 42, 878-99
(2523); ST, vol. 6 (Cha), 705-33; Ume edition, scanned from an

original microfilm copy of an dbu med manuscript, n.d. TBRC,
W1CZu6I, ff. 1a-6b (incomplete); Kinnaur Shangpa Texts, vol.
1, 29-49 as sGyu rna lam rim gyi rtsa ba (rdo rje tshig rkang);
Bodong, vol. 57,359-74

Stages in the Path ofIllusion: The Commentary

~ayadhvanakramavritti

sGyu rna lam gyi rim pa'i 'grel pa

P rgyud 'grel, vol. Pu, ff. 176a3-199a2 (4644); CT, vol. 42, 900-
947 (2524); ST, vol. 6 (Cha), 735-98; Ume edition, TBRC,

W1CZus7. ff.1a-19b (incomplete);KinnaurShangpa Texts, vol.
1, 161-99; Bodong, vol. 57, 376-409

Swift Accomplishment ofGlorious Chakrasa1!Jvara

Sri-cakras:upvara-sadhana

334 .. Niguma, Lady ofIllusion

dPal 'khar la sdam pa myur du sgrub pa zhes bya ba'i thabs
P rGyud 'grel, val. Pu, ff. 1ssa-1s8a (4637); CT, val. 42., 8ss-s8

(2517); ST, val. 7 (}a), 361-67; Badang, val. 93, 6.2.-10.6/ 3b2.-
sh6

Three Dharmas to Integrate on the Path
Dhana-dharma-treya/ Margga-karya-tridharma
Lam khyer gyi chas gsum
P rgyud 'grel, val. Pu, ff. I63a8-164b8 (4642); CT, val. 42, 874-77

(2522.); DZ, val. II, IS-17; ST, val. 6 (Cha), 196-203; Kinnaur
Shangpa Texts, val. I, 333-36

Three Kaya Integration and Three KayaAbiding Nature
Kaya-traya-dhanakra
sKu gsum lam khyer dang sku gsum gnas lugs
ST, val. 10 {"Tha), 277-90

Vajra Lines ofthe AmuletMahamudra

Mahamudra
Phyag rgya chen pa ga'u ma'i rda rje'i tshig rkang
P rGyud 'grel, val. Pu, ff. 161b-162b (464o); CT, val. 42., 868-70

(2520) as Rang shar phyag rgya chen pa'i rdo rje tshig rkang; DZ,
val. II, 13-IS; ST, val. 6 (Cha), I92-96

Vajra Lines ofthe AmuletMahamudra {with Notes}

Mahamudra
Phyag rgya chen pa ga'u ma'i rda rje'i tshig rkang

P rGyud 'grel, vol. Pu, ff. 144a-145a (4634); CT. val. 42., 846-48

(2515) as Rang shar phyag rgya chen pa'i rda rje tshig rkang; ST.

vol. 8 (Nya), 799-803

Vajra Lines ofthe Six Dharmas

Sa<;ldharma-vaj ragatha
Chas drug rdo rje'i tshig rkang
P rGyud 'grel, vol. Pu, ff. 142.b-144a (4633); CT, vol. 42., 842-45

(2.514);DZ, val. II, 1-27;ST, val. 6 (Cha), I61-232.; GD-CW, val.
2 (Ha), 439-48; Kinnaur Shangpa Texts, vol. I, 2II-I4; Bodong
vol. 57, 140-53

Reference Bibliography .. 335

Yoga ofMeditation in the Path ofMethods
Upaya-marga-bhavana-yoga
Thabs lam sgom pa'i rnal 'byor
P rGyud 'grel, vol. Pu, f. 2.ooas-b8 (4648); CT, vol. 42., 954-56 as

.Oaki'i zhal gdams dug gsum zhi byed; ST, vol. 8 (Nya), 749-52.

Padma Gyurme Gyatso (Padma 'gyur me rgya mtsho)
Yogic Exercise Root 'Jierses ofNigu's Six Dharmas: Great Bliss Reward
Ni gu chos drug gi 'khrul 'khor rtsa tshig bde chen 'dod 'jo
ST, vol. 10 ("Iha), 6I3-2.4

Rahula, Lama (Rahulaguptavajra)
Lama Rdhula's Personal Instructions on Five Tantras
bLa rna ra hu la'i rgyud sde lnga'i zhal gdams
Kinnaur Shangpa Texts, vol. I, 352.-55

Rangjung Dorje, Karmapa III (Karma pa Rang byung rdo rje)
Kagyu Golden Rosary
bKa' brgyud gser phreng
Collected Works ofRangjung Dorje, vol. 4, I-83
(biographies ofTelopa, Naropa, and Marpa [incomplete])

Rinchen Namgyal, Lhatsun (Lha'i btsun pa Rin chen rnam rgyal)
1he Amazing, Wonderful Lift oJNdropa
PaQ na ro pa'i rnam thar ngo mtshar rmad 'byung
In Songs ofEsoteric Experience ofRan-rigras-chen, 333-467 (TBRC:
OIGS4772.S)
Translation: Hervert V. Guenther, 1he Lift and Teaching ofNdropa.
Boston: Shambhala Publications, I986.

Rwalung Kagyu Golden Rosary
Rwa lung bka' brgyud gser gyi 'phreng ba
Vol. I (Ka). Thimpu, Bhutan: Tango Monastic Community, I982..

Sangye Bum (Sangs rgyas 'bum)
Lift Story ofMarpa the Translator

336 .. Niguma, Lady ofillusion

sGra bsgyur mar palo tsa'i rnam par thar pa/sKye mchog mar palo
tsa'i rnam char dri med mthong ba don ldan (colophon tide, ISS)

Rwalung Kagyu Golden Rosary, vol. I, I31-60

'lhe Life Story ofthe Supreme Learned Naro Pa1}chen

mKhas mchog na ro pax;~ chen gyi rnarn char
Rwalung Kagyu Golden Rosary, vol. I, 87-I29

Sangye Palzang (Sangs rgyas dpal bzang)

Releasing the Knots ofthe Vajra Lines: A Guide to Amulet Mahd-

mudrd
Phyag rgya chen po ga'u ma'i khrid yig rdo rje'i tshig gi mdud grol
ST, vol. 9 (Ta), 99-173

Sangye Tonpa et al. (Sangs rgyas ston pa)

Collection ofNecessary OralAdvice on Niguma's Six Dharmas

Ni gu chos drug gi zhal shes dgos rnams kyi lhan thabs
ST, vol. 8 (Nya), 311-68

Natural Liberation through Grasping Illusory Body and Sixfold Illu-
sory Body (and Other Texts)

sGyu Ius 'dzin pa rang grol dang sgyu Ius drug ldan
ST, vol. 8 (Nya), 6I7-809

Shangpa Texts/ Indian Source Texts ofthe Dharma Cycle ofFive Golden

Dharmas ofthe Glorious Shangpa (ST}
Shangs chos/ dPalldan shangs pa'i chos 'Ichor gser chos rnam lnga'i

rgyazhung
Edited by Karma Rangjung Kunkhyab (Kalu Rinpoche). 11 vols.

Sonada, India: Samdrup Darje Ling Monastery, n.d. This collec-
tion is based on the Palpung edition. Reprinted by Lama Tsen-
gyur Rinpoche, Vancouver: Kagyu Kunkhyab Chuling, I982.

Tangtong Gyalpo (Thang stong rgyal po)

Collection ofthe Essentials: Words on the Vital Points ofthe Hearing

Lineage ofthe l)akini Niguma

Reference Bibliography • 337

mKha' 'gro ni gu ma'i snyan brgyud kyi gnad yig snying po kun 'dus
DZ, vol. 12, I47-79: TTG-S, vol. I, 24I-H6

Guiding Instructions on Nigu's Branch Practice, Amulet Mahamudra
Ni gu'i yan lag phyag chen ga'u ma'i khrid
DZ, vol. I2, x8I-87; ST, vol. 3 {Ga), 683-94: TTG-S, vol. I, H7-52

Guiding Instructions on Nigu's Branch Practice, Immortal Body and
Mind

Ni gu'i yan lag Ius sems 'chi med kyi khrid
DZ, vol. I2, I92-98; ST, vol. 3 {Ga), 703-I3; TTG-S, vol. I, 369-86

Guiding Instructions on Nigu's Branch Practice, Three Integrations on
the Path

Ni gu'i yan lag lam khyer gsum gyi khrid
DZ, vol. I2, I87-92; ST, vol. 3 {Ga), 694-703; TTG-S, vol. 1, 353-

67

Source ofAllQualities: Entry to Nigu's Six Dharmas

Ni gu chos drug gi 'jug sgo yon tan kun 'byung
TTG-S, vol. 1, I-67

Supplemental Texts to the Collected WOrks of Thang-stong-rgyal-po

Series, Vol~-tme I (TTG-S)
Grub chen thang stong bka' 'bum gyi rgyab chos ni gu chos drug

poddangpa
Thimphu: Royal Government of Bhutan Publishing House {dPal

ldan 'brug gzhung dpe mdzod khang), I984.

1aranatha,Jon:ing {n ra na tha,Jo nang; a.k.a. sGrol ba'i mgon po)
The Amulet Mahamudra or Threefold Letting-Go Guidance Manual
Phyag chen ga'u ma'am rang babs rnam gsum zhes bya ba'i khrid yig
1aranatha's Collected Works {rJe btsun 1a-ra-na-tha'i gsung 'bum)
(T-OY), Dzamthang, vol. 20, 563-78: ST, vol. 3 (Ga), 655-82

ChakrasaT{Jvara Five Deities Direct Realization Manual in Nigu's
Tradition

Ni gu lugs kyi bde mchog lha lnga'i mngon rtogs
T-CW, vol. I2, 809-23

338 .. Niguma, Lady ofIllusion

Chakrasarrzvara Five Deities Empowerment Ritualin Nigu's Tradition
Ni gu lugs kyi bde mchog lha lnga'i dbang chog
T-CW, vol. 12, 769-808; DZ, vol. II, 255-85 (as Ni gu'i lugs kyi bde

mchog lha lnga'i dkyil chog)

Clarifying the Profound Meaning: The Complete Explanation of
Chakrasar{Jvara Five Deities Method of Accomplishment in the
Shangpa Tradition

Shangs lugs bde mchog lha lnga'i sgrub thab skyi rnam par bshad pa
zab don gsal byed

DZ, vol. II, 297-331

Clearing Up Darkness ofthe Mind: The Origim ofthe Dharma Cycles
ofthe Glorious Shangpa, in the General Context ofthe Precious
Doctrine ofthe Victorious One

rGyal ba'i bstan pa rin po che spyi'i rnam bzhag las 'phros pa'i dpal
ldan shangs pa'i chos skor gyi 'byung khung yid kyi mun sel

T-CW, vol. 17, 417-535

l)iikini's Personal Instructions That Clarify the Three Integrations on
the Path

Lam khyer gsum gyi gsal byed «;laki'i zhal gdams
ST, vol. 10 (Tha), 393-417

Elixir Rain ofSpiritual Powers: The Sources ofthe Dharma Cycle of
Glorious Six-Armed Wisdom Protector

dPal ye shes kyi mgon po phyag drug pa'i chos skor byung tshul
dngos grub bdud rtsi'i char 'bebs

ST, vol. 1 (Ka), 717-48

Essence oftheLastFourofthe GoldenDharmas Taken.from Tiiraniithas
Teachings

gSer chos phyi rna bzhi'i snying po rje btsun ta ra na tha'i gsung las
byungba'o

ST, vol. 7 (Ja), 109-24

Five l)iikinis'Method ofAccomplishment andEmpowerment Blessing
in the Shangpa Tradition [extracted from Mine ofjewels]

Reference Bibliography .. 339

Shangs lugs mkha' 'gro sde lnga'i sgrub thabs rjes gnang dang bcas pa
ST, vol. 2. (Kha), 755-68)

Five Tantras'Mandala Method ofAccomplishment
rGyud Ide lnga'i dkyil 'khor sgrub pa'i thabs
ST, vol. S (Ca), 451-539

Heap ofGold: The Path ofMethods ofthe Adepts ofShangpa Kagyu
Grub thob shangs pa bka' rgyud kyi thabs lam gser gyi phung po
T-CW, vol. 2.0, 2.65-94

Mine ofjewels
Rin chen 'byung gnas/Yi dam rgya mtsho'i sgrub thabs rin chen

'byunggnas
T-CW, vol. 15,3-744 and I141-12.38

Nigu's Condensed Guidance Manual
Ni gu'i 'khrid yig bsdus pa
T-CW, vol. 12., 957-72.

Nigu's Yogic Excercises, Root and Commentary
Ni gu ma'i 'khrul 'khor rtsa 'drel
DZ, vol.12.,137-45; ST, vol. 6 (Cha),143-6o; T-CW. vol.12.,1013-2.6

ProfoundMeaning Expanded: A Guidance Manualfor the Six Dhar-
mas ofNiguma (''Tangdalma"}

Ni gu chos drug khrid yig zab don thang brdal rna/ Thang brdal rna
ST, vol. 3 (Ga), 335-512.; T-CW, vol. 12., 82.5-955, as Zab lam ni gu

chos drug gi 'khrid yig zab don thang mar brdal ba zhes bya ba
bklags chog rna

Supplement to the Lineage Stories ofOne Hundred Guides
Khrid brgya'i brgyud pa'i lo rgyus kha skong
DZ, vol. 18, 99-u8

Supplement to the Mamo's Collection ofSource Guides on the Profound
Path ofNigu's Six Dharmas

Zab lam ni gu chos drug gi gzhung 'khrid rna mo'i lhan thabs kha
skong

ST, vol. 2. (Kha), 579-654; T-CW, vol. 12., 973-10I1

3+0 .. Niguma, Lady ofIllusion

Supplication to the Lineage by Negu, Letter :A'Dharma Source
Nee gus brgyud 'debs a yig chos 'byung rna
T-CW, vol. 20, 595-604

Supplication to the Lineage ofFive Tantras in the Shangpa Tradition
Shangs lugs brgyud sde lnga'i brgyud pa'i gsol 'debs
ST, vol5 {Ca), 439-44: T-CW, vol. 12, 603-8, as rGyud sde lnga'i

brgyud 'debs dngos grub rol mtsho

TUopa/ Telopa/ Tillipa
Esoteric Instructions on the Six Yogas
Sac;ldharmopadda
Chos drug gi man ngag
Dg.T. rGyud, vol. Zhi, ff. 270a-271a (Toh. 2330)

Tsangnyon Heruka ( gTsang smyon he ru ka, Rus pa'i rgyan can)
The Life ofMarpa the Translator, Meaningfol to Behold
sGra bsgyur mar palo tsai rnam thar mthong ba don yod
N. Kalsang, ed. 1970.
Translation: Nalanda Translation Committee, The Life ofMarpa the
Translator, Boulder: Prajfia Press, 1982.

Vajrasana/Dorjedenpa, Loppon {rOo rje gdan pa, bsLob dpon)
Indian Source Text ofthe Glorious Five Tantras Method ofAccomplish-
ment
Pal rgyud sde lnga'i rgya gzhungldPal rgyud sde lnga'i sgrub thabs
(also called dPal rgyud sde lnga blamed rigs lnga'i sgrub thabs/
De kho na nyid bsdus pa)
ST, vol. 9 (Ta), 543-49

Vasubandhu (dByig gnyen)

Abhidharmako~a-karika

Chos mngon pa'i mdzod kyi tshig le'ur byas pa
Dg.T. mNgon pa, vol. Ku, ff. 1b-26b (Toh. 4089) (P5590) ·

Explanation ofthe Ornament ofthe Sutras
Siitralamkaravyakhya

Reference Bibliography .. 341

mDo sde'i rgyan gyi bshad pa

Dg.T. Sems tsam, vol. Phi, ff. 129b-26oa (Toh. 4026)

Viriipa
Spiritual Power ofAmrita
Amrtasiddhimiila
bDud rtsi grub pa'i rtsa ba
Dg.T. rGyud, vol. Zhi, ff. 142b-145a (Toh. 2285)
same as:
Spiritual Power ofImmortality
Amarasiddhimiila
'Chi med grub pa zhes bya ba'i rtsa ba
DZ, vol. II, 19-24; ST, vol. 6 (Cha), 210-25

Spiritual Power ofImmortality Commentary
Amrtasiddhavrtti/ Amarasiddhivrtti[sanatanasiddhi]
'Chimed grub pa'i 'grel pa/ 'Chimed grub pa'i 'grel pa g.yung drung

grub pa
P rGyud 'grel, vol. Yu, ff. 21ob-213b (5026); ST, vol. 6 (Cha), 221-

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Index

abiding base, 88 level ofwarmth and, 103
mindfulness and, I07
See also all-base (kun gzhi, Skt. alaya) nonvirtue of. 94
acceptance, levelof(bzodpa), 61, 6s. pacifying, s8 ·
primary and secondary, z.77n97
106-7, z.8on117 purification in Immortal and Infallible,
Accumulation, Path of, s6-6o, 98-103
I63
four absorptions on, 59-60 and purity, undifferentiated, 8I
four foundations ofmindfulness on, renouncing,1o1
on ten grounds, 84
s6-s7
greater, 101-3 affiictive mentation (nyon yil/). 88, 93,
intermediate, IOO-Iol, 103
lesser, 98-100, 103 Z.77n93
renunciation on, S7-s8
signs on, 6o aggregates (;hungpo, Skt. sleandha),
accumulations, two, 74, 77, 8z., 98 z.nn90, z.8Z.DI4I
action, genuine completed, 71,113-14
action-mudra,n1 countering by illusion, 63
.Actualization ofTimeless .Awareness as five families, 96
fully ripened body as, 16:z., 199-2.00
Extensive Tantra, 94· 96-97, 2.76n74 in Uncommon Calm Abiding and

on illusion, 87-88 Higher Insight, 36
on level ofwarmth, 105 aggression
on realization on the Path ofSeeing,
illusion, recognition as, 6o
111-IZ. isolation from,107
"Adorned with Bone Ornaments; s. in mahimudri, 151
meditative absorption, lack offixation
:1.59n2.I
through, 64, 107
affiictive emotions/states (nyon mongs pacifying, 58,101
pa, Skt.ldesha) renunciation of. s8, 6o, 101
in six dharmas,140,141
on bodhisattva grounds, 76, 77• agitation, clearing up, 189
2.75n64 Akani~~. 73• 117
buddhahood in, I30-31
on eightfold path, 113, 114
ethical discipline and, 78
imputed, III, liS, z.8z.n0139,-40

352. ~ Niguma, Lady ofIllusion arhants
miraculous emanations of. 7S. :1.7sn63
perishability of. Ip., :1.87n19I path of as dream/illusion, so-si
three kinds, :1.87n19I
Array ofSacred Oaths ofthe Five
all-base (kungzhi, Skt. a/aya), H-'1-S Families/Array ofSacred Oaths
Substquent Tantra, 95· 96, 97,
clarity of, 9I
as illusion-like realm ofphenomena, :1.78ni03,:1.78nio7
Aryadeva, -4I, :1.70n7
87-88 Asanga.H
as indeterminate awareness, 88-89
Kalu Rinpoche on, I99-:1.00 See also Bodhisattva Grounds
ripening ofhabitual patterns in, 90 Aspiration Prayer ofthe Sealed Word, 2.5,
as seed ofeverything, 89-90
synonyms for, 9I, 92.-93 193-97
Amoghasiddhi, I89 aspiration prayers
Amrtabhiivana, :1.0, :1.63-6-4n69, :1.63n67
AmrtakuQc;iali, I79· 30:1.mo ofMokchokpa,u

Amulet Mahimudra, 3:1., I-43 ofNiguma, I93-97
aspirations
four faults, liberation from in, I'I-S·
I-46,I-48 characteristics of. I1:1.
at death, I9 s
grounds and paths in,I-47,ISO ten grounds and, 77,78
kayas in,I'I-So I-46, I-47• I-48--49,ISO two kiyas and, 73,116
ordinary mind in, I'I-S· I-47• I-48,ISO Atayavajra, 36, :1.70n13I
threefold letting-go, I'I-S· I-48 Atisha Diparpkara Shrijfiina, 33, I37,

See also Naturally Free Mahamudra; :~.68n115, 2.88ns, 2.88-89n8
Vajra Lines ofthe Amulet attachment
Mahamudra
illusion as antidote to, 37
Ananda.3 meditative absorption, freedom

anger through, I07
clearing up through yogic techniques, worldly, 63, 66
I90
on Five Paths, 111, us See also desire
pacifying through Chakrasarpvara, I7S
in six dharmas, 32., 139 attainment, subsequent, I-46,I-48
in three-kiya integration, IS7
avadhiiti (rtsa dbu ma). See central chan-
Anupama (Peme, dpe med), 3, :1.0, 2.I,
nel
:~.s8n9 Avalokiteshvara, 36

anuttara yoga rantra. See highest yoga Avata1'!'Saka Sutra. See Flower Ornament
tantra (rna/ 'byor blamedkyi rgyud) Sutra

appearance Avrha, Mount, I7, :~.6z.ns8
as creation phase, IS7 awakening
and emptiness, unity of, ss. 96-97
in Immortal and Infallible, 163-6-4 aspiration for, ISO, ISS
on ten grounds, 79-8:1.
three integrations and, ISS,IS6-s7. IS8 time frames for,I39,1SS• IS7• :1.90n17
two kiyas and, 73o u6
appearance-emptiness, 8:1., 11:1., 117 awareness
Application, Path of, 6I-66, I03-8 and dharmakiya, attaining, 7-4
on Path ofAccumulation, s6
dream recognition on, 6:~.-66 of things as they are, I-46, I-49
five faculties of. 6I
five powers in, 6-4-6s See also timeless awareness

awareness-wisdom empowerment, I39·
2.90n2.I

Baker, Willa, 2.7 Index .. 353

base constituent (gzhi khams), 91 as illusory form, 156
as means, 135, 139-40, 190n19
See also all-base (kun gzhi, Skt. tilaya) mindfulness of, s6, 98-99
Basis of Everything, The (Kalu natural resting of, 145, 148, 2.94n8
in tantric practice, 168-69
Rinpoche), 199-2.00 wheel of in Cha~asarp.vara practice,
Bhairava, 171, 173, 175
blending and transferring, 61, 2.73nso 173-74· 175
Blessing ofConstant Four Deities, as yidam, 155, 156, 158, 163, 164
Body of the Tathii.gata, 99, 12.1
35-36 body of union (zung Juggi sku). See
bliss
rainbow body (Ja'lus)
in lucid clarity, 141 Bokar Rinpoche, 2.6
nondissipating, 146, 149, 164 bone ornaments, 172., 300n2.o
in physical yogic techniques, r86, Brahmii.

190-91 aperture of, 186-87, 303n10
pure realm of, 166 voice of, 196
as sarp.bhogakii.ya, 97 BriefLife Story ofLama Khyungpo
three integrations and, rss. rs6. 2.96n13
three kii.yas and, ss Naljor (Mokchokpa et al.), 16-18
bliss-emptiness, 82., 117 bubbles, metaphor of, 67-68, 151
mind as, 133 buddha(s), 117
three kii.yas of, 142.
bliss-warmth, 139-40 and bodhisattvas, differentiated,
83-84,133
BlueAnnals (Go Lotsii.wa Zhonnu Pal),
bodies/dimensions of, 14
4> 5 (See also kii.yas)
English translation of, 2.6
on six dharmas, 6 as dharmakii.ya, 73• 116
Niguma as, 2.1
bodhichitta (byang sems) path ofas dream/illusion, so-51
in ChaltrasaqiVara practice, 174, 175, pleasing, 108
301n30 on twelfth ground, 83
in Hevajra practice, r8o buddha families. See five families
in six dharmas, 140, 2.9m2.6 Buddha Indraketu, 130, 2.86-87m84
buddha nature (bde bargshegs pal
bodhisattva(s), 42., 2.7m2.2.
activity of, aspiration for, 196-97 snyingpo, Skt. sugatagarbha), 54. 92.,
and buddhas, differentiated, 83-84. 133 199-2.00, 176n77
Niguma as, 13 See also all-base (kun gzhi, Skt. tilaya)
qualities of, 47-48 Buddha Shii.kyamuni
in Niguma's hagiography, 3
Bodhisattva Grounds (Asailga), 46 path as example, 43
Bodong Pa!].chen Chokley Namgyal (Bo Vajradhara as aspect of, 14
buddhadharma, path as, 43
dong par]. chen Phyogs las rnam rgyal, Buddhaghosa. See Path ofPurification,
1376-1451), 2.4, 164-6sn8o The
See also Collected WtJrh ofBodong buddhahood
delusions obscuring, 12.4
Chokley Namgyal; Compendium of grounds and, 47
illusion-like, sx, 54, 87
Suchness levels of, 9
body, physical

arising of, 199-2.00
as basis of rainbow body, 10-11,

l6Jn44

354 .. Niguma, Lady oflllusion characteristics (mtshan ma), clinging to,

Path of Consummation as, 72 1:1.3, 286m76
traditions of understanding, 130-31 ChinnamUJ;~Qa, 161
Buddha.Sri, 137, 138, 289n9 Chodlineage, 143
Buddhism clairvoyance, 110
defilements, examining in, 49
of arhats, 75, 175n63
gender issues in, 1s on Path ofSeeing, 69
clarity
illusion in, SO-:-SI in Amulet Mahamudra, 146, 149
in Kashmir, 3 apprehended as other, 199
path in, 43 and emptiness, unity of, 70
burglar's pointing-out,149. 19Snii in Immortal and Infallible, 163, 164
burning mudra, 189 in lucid clarity, 141
as nirmiJ:!akaya, 97
calm abiding on Path ofSeeing, 68
higher insight and, 7S· 113 three integrations and, ISS
as path, 47, SS three kayas and, s5
Uncommon, 36
See also lucid clarity
Catubpitha (gDan bzhi). See Four Seats
Tantra clarity-emptiness
in dreams, 70
central channel, 18s-86, 188, 303n9 on Path of Consummation, 7:1.-73
certainty, 68, 108-9, 137, 148, 299n19 in peak [experience], 1o 4
Chakdrukpa. See Mahakala, six-armed and subtle obscurations, eliminating,
chakras 116

in Chakrasarpvara practices, 168, clear awareness, 1o-11
171-71,174
Clearing up Darkness ofthe Mind
in Hevajra practice, 178
in physical yogic techniques, 191-9:1. (Taranatha), 1
in six dharmas, 139-40
in transference, 33 Cloud of Dharma (chos kyi sprin, tenth
Chakrasarpvara, 31, 163
in Five Tantras' Deities, 34 ground), 72, 77, 82
and Hevajra, compared, 177 characteristics of, 120
practices in, 168 delusions obscuring, 1:1.4

saT{Jvara, definition of, 168 in Lifo Story, 9
See also Mandala Ritual of
Niguma's attainment of. 11
Glorious ChakrasaT{Jvara; Swift realization on, 1:1.s
Accomplishment ofGlorious signs on, 111, 130
Chakrasa,vara code-language, 7-8
ChakrasaT{Jvara Tantra (root), 167, cognitive obscurations
on Path ofConsummation, 7:1.
168-69, :1.99n:1. on tenth ground, 83

Chandrakirti. See Entry into the Middle Collected Doha, Vajra Lines, and Songs
Way o/the Glorious Shangpa Kagyu: An
Ocean ofBlessings Meaningful to
Channel Chakras of One's Body, 191-91 Hear. See Ocean ofSong
channels
Collected Wtlrks (Taranatha), 25,
central, opening, 185-86
chakra, 191-91 165n88
relaxing, 145
three, 139-40 Collected Works ofbLo bzang chos-kyi
nyi-ma (Tukwan Lama), 4, s

Col/ectt!d H-Orks ofBodong Chokley Index .. 355
Namgyal,2.4
Consummation, Path of. 71.-75, ns-18
Collection ofNecessary OralAdvice on rainbow body at, 12., 2.6mn46-47
Niguma's Six Dharmas (Sangye signs on, 75
subde fixation on, 72.-73
Tonpa), 135-36
cosmology, I68-69
Collection ofthe Essentials (Tangtong
creation phase (bskyed rim)
Gyalpo), 19, 2.5, 136
in Chakrasaq~vara practices, 170-7I
Commentary to Stages in the Path of and completion, unity of. 55, I57
Illusion. See Stages in the Path of deity's form in, 96-97
Illusion: The Commentary four empowerments as support for, 94
in Immortal and Infallible, I62.
compassion
in guru yoga, 1SS three rites (cho gagsum) in, I63,
ofNiguma, 2.1
nonreferential, 76, 8o 1.97-98n9
two kayas and, 73, 116, 117
Compendium oJSuchness (Bodong creation-completion inseparable, 74

Chokley Namgyal), 1.4, 2.64-6sn8o cyclic existence (Skt. samsara), 146, I48

Complete Explanation ofthe Intended discarding, 63
Meaning of"Ornament ofthe as root ofsuffering, 6o
Mahayana Sutras.(Mipam), 2.84-
See also samsara
8sm63
Dagpo Tashi Namgyal (Dwags po bKra
Complete Explanation ofthe Vajra
Lines ofthe Six Dharmas (Gyurme shis mam rgya!, I511.-I587), 11.,

Dechen), 154, 2.89n13 2.6In47
daily activities, four, I49, 156, 2.96mo
completion phase (rdzogs rim) daily life
deity's form in, 96-97
as dreams, 63
dharmakaya and, 74. 117 three integrations in, I53
four empowerments as support
dakini code-letters (mltha' gro brda'
for, 94
lllusory Body in, 41 yig).7
Immortal and Infallible in, 162.
dakinis (mltha' gro ma), 2.-3, 5-6, 33
Niguma's emphasis of. 169
rainbow body in, n, 11. bone ornaments of. I72., 300n2.o
in Chakrasaq~vara practice, I7I-71.
as source ofsix dharmas, 13s code-language of. 7-8
Besh-eating, I6-17, 2.61.n56
See also creation phase (bskyed rim) implements of. I73-74. 300n2.6
and kayas, relationship to, IS
concepts, 67, 68, 151, 1.00 rainbow-like quality of. IO
conduct David-Ned, Alexandra, I7 4. 301n2.9
death
absorption of. 59, 10:1., 1.79n114 aspirations at, I95
in level ofwarmth, 105, 2.79n11.1 causeless, I65-66
ofsupreme dharma, 108 light or appearances at time of. 141.,
consciousness
2.93n40
aggregate of. 199 rainbow body at, 11
appropriating, 92., 2.77n9o transference at, 33
six kinds of. 2.00 deities
Third Turning understanding of. in dreams, 111.

2.77n94

See also all-base (kun gzhi, Skt. tilaya);
transference ( 'pho ba)

356 .. Niguma, Lady ofIllusion dha77111ZS, thirty-seven. See enlighten-

form of. 96-97 ment, factors of
one's own body as, ISO,ISS,IS6, IS8 dharma-source, 171, 172.
deities, Body of
as illusion, S4-SS Diamond SUira, 38
in intermediate state, 141, 142. Difficult to Overcome (sbyang dietz' ba,
on Path ofApplication, 6s
on Path ofSeeing, 68 fifth ground), 76, So
on ten grounds, 79-8:z. characteristics of. 119-:z.o
tranSlation, difficulties with, :z.73n41 delusions obscuring, 12.3
delusion realization on, us
double, 140, :Z.9In3:Z. signs on, 12.1, 12.7
and illusion, distinguished. 78-79 diligence
Dense Array, Akani~tha of. 132., :z.87n191
absorption of. S9· 1o:z.
DenseArray ofAdornments SUira, 89, 90, branch ofenlightenment, 67,109
characteristics of. u:z.
91, 92., 93· :z.76n77
Detge Tengyur, :z.3-:z.4. 177, :z.64n7s faculty of.1o4
desire genuine effort and,u4
power of. 61, 64, 106
illusion, recognition as, 6o renunciation and.1oo-ror
pacifying, s8,JOI
as sign on Path ofAccumulation, 6o
See also artachment; passion ten grounds and. 77,78

desire realm, 111, us, :z.8:z.m43 direct actualization, path of(mngon sum
determination lam pa),rs8, 2.97n:z.:z.

absorption of. S9· 102. Directory ofthe Vajra lines ofthe Six
in dreams, 6:z., 63
genuine efforr and. 114 Dha77111ZS, 142., 2.93n43
habitual pattern of. 6o
renunciation and. S7-s8. JOO-IOI disease, yogic methods ofhealing,
devotion
aspiration for, 193 189-91
doubt, 6o, ros. :Z.79m:z.o
in dreams, 6:z. dough-kneading mudra, 190

in Immortal and Infallible, 163 drama, nine modes of,174. 301n19
in ma.hamudra, 146,149,ISO-S1
on Path ofSeeing, 68 Drdhramari. See SUira ofthe Bodhisattva
on paths and grounds. 96
in six dharmas, 140, 141, 2.91n:Z.9 Drdhramati
in three integrations, IS S• IS8
dharma, perverse, 6s, 142. dream yoga, 17, 69, 136, 139, 140-41,
174ns7,19I-9z.nnp.-33
dharma cognition (chos shespa), :z.8m131
dharmakaya dreams
in Amulet Mahimudra, 149
in ChakrasaJ!lvara practices, 172. as great bliss clarity-emptiness, 70
endowed with two purities, 73, integrating illusion in, rsB
lucid, 68
74. u6
mahimudrii and,143,147•151 nine unfailing vital points ofrecogniz-
mind as, lSI, I6S
as nonthought,IS7• :z.96m9 ing, 62.,173n46
recognizing, 146, 148 on Path ofApplication, 6z.-66,ros-6,
threefold essence of. 118
107
on Path ofSeeing,ru.
as similes, 38

Dragon Sangye Tonpa. See Sangye

Tonpa {Sangs rgyas ston pa,
12.07-12.78)

dullness, pacifying, Io I Index .. 357
Dwelling in the Heart. See Guru Yoga in
on Path ofSeeing, 67
Connection with Six-Armed Protector ofphenomena, 99-Ioo
Dwelling in the Heart ofself and phenomena, 114
dzogchen tradition, 9, 11, I2. three integrations and, 1ss
See also under appearance
earth-touching mudra, 145, I48, 2.94n7 Encyclopedia Tibetica, 2.4
eclectic movement (ris merl), 2.3 See also Compendium ofSuchnm
effort energy currents (lung, Skt. pra~a}, 140,

genuine, 7I, 114 I86-88, 191-92., 2.91n2.4, 303n8
renunciation and, S7· IOO-IOI enlightened activities
See also diligence
aspirations for, I9S· 197
"Eighteen Physical Trainings, The" (Ius
sbyong bco brgyadpa}, I84 live (phrin las lnga}, ss. 2.73n42.

See also yogic techniques ('khrul 'khor} mastery over, 77
eightfold path, 4S on tenth ground, 12.5
enlightenment
bodhisattva path and, 47-48 aspiration for, I93
grounds of, I2.3 causes of. 108-9
on Path ofMeditation, 70-7I, 113-I4 manifest appearance of. IS
elements, live, I99 seven branches of(byang chub kyi
eleventh ground, 83. ns. I3I, 2.9In30
elixir yan lagbdun}, 66-67, 109-IO,
in Chakrasaqwara, I7I, 301n30 2.81n133
in Hevajra, I79· r8o, I8I enlightenment, factors of. 42., 4S
in Hollow Interior ofA, 3I, 2.90-91n2.4 chart of, S3
in physical yogic techniques, I86, I89 deity's Body as, SS
empowerment(s} and illusion, nonduality of, SI, 95-97
into absorption, I69 Entry into the Middle Way
from dakinis, 17,19 (Chandrakirti}, 46
on eleventh ground, 83 environment, outer, 63
in Five Golden Dharmas, 30-31, equanimity (branch ofenlightenment},
67.110
2.67nJ06 equipoise
of the tenth ground, 82.-83 free of fixation, 110
empowerments, four in mahamudra,lack of. 1s3
in Chakrasaqwara practices, I71, 172. mudraof. 190, 304m6
on eleventh ground, I31 of powers of absorption, 79. 81.
grounds and, I40,1.9In30 Esoteric Instructions on Opening the
in Hevajra practice, 180-81 Channel, I8s-86
in Stages ojthe Path, ss. 94
emptiness (stong pa nyid, Skt. shimyata} Essence ofAmbrosia (Balter), 2.7
apprehended as self. 199
as completion phase, IS7 ethical discipline (SkL shi/a), 44
comingency and impermanence of, 38 aspiration for, 195
of four noble truths, 108 characteristics of. 12.2.
illusion and, 37 on Path ofAccumulation, 6o, 100
and maya, development ofunderstand- ten grounds and, 77
vice and, s8
ing, 40-41
Excellent Chariot, An (Longchenpa},
4I-42.,l.8Inl3l., 2.83n146,
l.87nJ91

358 .. Niguma, Lady ofIllusion fixation, freedom from, 146, 148

Excdlent Intelligence {l~gs pa'i b/o gros, Flowi!r Ornament Sutra, 110, 12.2.-2.3, 133,

ninth ground), 77, 81-82. 2.82.ni37
characteristics of. 12.0 form realm, 111, us
ddusions obscuring, 12.4 formless realm, 111, us, 2.83ms3
realization on, us
signs on, 12.1, 12.9 Four Deities Combined (/ha bzhi dril
sgrub), 3s-36
Explanation ofth~ Orna~nt ofthe
four noble truths, 43, 108-9, 111
Sutras("asubandhu),2.84-8sn163
Four Seats Tantra, 6, 2.s9n2.2.
faith
faculty of. 104 fourteenth ground, 131, 140, 2.91n30
one-pointed, 102. fruition, 83-84
on Path of Accumulation, 6o, 103
power of. 61, 64, 106 actual and nominal, 13
as illusion, 51
father tantra, 130-31, 136 rainbow body and, u
faults, four, 145, 146, 148 time frames for, ISS· IS7
fearlessness, lion throne of. 82.
fears, five, 69, uo, 12.6 Se~ also buddhahood; Consummation,
feast, 16, 17, 19
Path of
in ChakrasaqlVara practices, 173
in Hevajra practice, 179, 181 Fully Illuminated Essence Sutra, 88,

Five J)akinis (mkha' gro sde lnga), 3S 89-90,91
five faculties (dbangpo lnga, Skt. panc~n­ fury, clearing up, 188

driya), 104-5, 2.79nu8 Gayadhara,137
gazes
five families, ss. 96
Five Golden Dharmas, 2.8, 30-33 in mahamudra, 145, 146, 148, 149
in physical yoga techniques, 189, 303n6
Amulet Mahamudra in, 31, 143 Gendun Gyatso {second Dalai Lama),
Immortal and Infallible instructions
2.6-2.7
in, n. 161 generosity, 69, 2.74ns8

Khechari, White and Red in, 30, 33 characteristics of. 12.2.
six dharmas in, 31-32., 135 on Path ofApplication, lOS
three integrations in, 32., IS3, 154 ten grounds and, 77

five paths (lam lnga, Skt.pancamarga), Ghanavyuha Sutra. See Dens~ Array of
Adornments Sutra
4S-46, 98
chart of. S2. gifts, four kinds, 194, 3o 4n3
devotion and, SS
as illusion, S4· 87-88 Glorious Immortal Great Timeless
rainbow body on, 12. Awareness, 137, 162.,163-66,2.88-

Su also individual path 89n8
five powers (stobs lnga, Skt. pancabala), Go Lotsawa Zhonnu Pal ('Gos lo tsa ba

64-6s, 106-7, 2.79nu8 gZhon nu dpal, 1392.-1481). See Blue
Annals
Five Stages, The (Nagarjuna), 87, 2.7s-
goddesses
76n72. in ChakrasaqlVara practice, 173, 174
in Hevajra practice, 18o
Five Tantras' Deities (rgyud sde /ha lnga),
gold offerings, 17, 30, 142., 147, 159, 166,
2.3, 31, 34-3s. 178 2.62.057

Five Tantras'Mandala Method ofAccom- Golden Rosary ofShangpa Biographies
plishment (Taranatha), 178, 3oms
(Mokchokpa eta!.), 1, 2., 16, 19, 2.6, 36

Golden Tengyur, 2.4 Index " 359
Gone Far (ring du song ba, seventh
Guidance Manual ofImmortal Mind,
ground), 76, 81
characteristics of. 12.0 by the Wise and Venerable Gyaltsen
delusions obscuring, 12.4 Bum, 2.98n14
realization on, 12.5
signs of. 12.1, 12.8 Guidance Manual ofinfallible Three
Great Transfer, 12.
greed, clearing up, 190-91 lntegratiom (Gyaltsen Bum), 2.96n19,
ground of everything. See all-base (kun 2.97n2.2., 2.98nl2.
guru(s)
gzhi, Skt. alaya) blessings of, 147, 150
grounds (sa, Skt. bhumi), 46-47 female,18
integration of. 155, 156
chart of. 52. kindness of. 111
devotion and, 55. 96 meditation on in yogic techniques,
empowerments and, 140, 2.91n30 185. 186
essence of, 118 role in tantra, 31, 55
etymology and meaning of. 46-47, role of in Immortal and Infallible,
166
119, 2.84-85m63 three integrations and, 155
guru yoga, 96, 155, 2.78n104, 2.90n2.3
factors to be eliminated on, 12.3 Four Deities Combined as, 35
ofsix-armed Mahakala, 36, 2.70n132.
as illusion, 54, 87-88 Guru Yoga in Connection with Six-
names and characteristics of. 47, Armed Protector Dwelling in the
Heart (Khyentse Wangpo), 36,
75-77· 119-2.0 2.70n132.
of Path of Meditation, 70, 72. Gyaltsen Bum ('Jag pa rGyal mtshan
perfections and, 48, 77-78, 79, 12.2., 'bum, 12.61-1334). See Guidance
Manual ofinfallible Three
2.72.n34 lntegratiom
pure and impure, 8-9, 16, 83 Gyatso, Janet, 8
rainbow body on, 12. Gyurme Dechen, Lochen (Lo chen
realizations on, 12.4-30 'Gyur med bde chcn/sKad gnyis
signs of. 12.0-2.2., 12.5-2.9 smra ba, 1540-161S). 136-38, 2.88n4,
in Stages, 75-83 2.89nl3, 2.93-94n44
twenty-one delusions on, 78-79.
habitual patterns
12.3-2.4 in all-base, 89, 90, 2.00
See also Cloud of Dharma (tenth application ofon Path of
Accumulation, 6o
ground); Difficult to Overcome four types of, 62., 2.73n47
(fifth ground); eleventh ground; ofordinary beings, ripening, 90
Excellent Intelligence (ninth
ground); fourteenth ground; Gone hagiography, Tibetan and Indian tradi-
Far (seventh ground); Illuminating tions of. 2., 13-14
(third ground); Immovable (eighth
ground); Manifest (sixth ground); happiness, 6o, 194, 196, 197
Radiant (fourth ground); Stainless harm-doers, expelling, 189-90
(second ground); thirteenth ground; healing, aspiration for, 196
twelfth ground; Very Joyful (first hean-prii.J.ta, 188
ground) heroic sittingposturc,191
Guge kingdom, 137
Guhyasamaja, 34
Guhyasamli.ja Tantra, 136

360 ,.. Niguma, Lady ofIllusion aspirations for, 196
in Buddhist tradition, 37-42.
Heruka, 170, 171, 179, 300n19 creativity of, 68
Hevajra definition of. 38-39
dreams as, 62.-63
in Five Tantras' Deities, 34 existence of. 67
Niguma in lineage, difficulties with, integration of. Is8
lucid appearance of. 69
178.30in6 mindfulness and awareness of. 64
practice of. 177-78 naturally arising, 79
textual tradition of. 2.3, 2.6, 177 nonconceptual, 70
without consort, 180 path as, 50-51, 95
on Path ofSeeing, 112.
See also Manda/4 RitualofGlorious recognition of, 40-41
role in Niguma's hagiography, 3
Hevajra similes of. 38
Hevajra Tantra, 135-36 space as, S4
Hevajra Tantra in Two Parts, 177 three integrations and, 155
without fixation, 78-79
Hidden Yogin (sBas pa'i mal'byor), 35,
2.69n12.6 illusory body (sgyu Ius)

higher insight empowerment for, 17
calm abiding and, 75, 113 four levels of, 41
as path, 47, SS Immortal and Infallible and, 161
supramundane, 118 nonreferential, 68

Highest Intention Tantra,116,117, practice in Vajra Lints, 139, 140,

2.83ms7 2.9ln2.9

Highest Timeless Awareness Tantra, in Stages in the Path ofillusion, 42.

116-17,132.-33. 2.83-84ms8 and three integrations, relationship
to, 153
highest yoga tantra (rnal'byor bla mtd
/eyirgyut/),2.99nl immeasurables, mindfulness of, 114

buddhahood in, 130-31 Immortal and Infallible ('chimed 'chugs
med)
ChalerasiU{Ivara Tantra in,167
benefits of. 164-65
rainbow body in, 12. practices of. 162., 163--164
Himalayan Buddhism, 2.-3, 2.2.-2.3 sources of. 33, 161
Hinduism,3 three examples in, 165, 2.98n17
hollow interior, 31, 140, 2.90-91n2.4 immortality,164, 2.98mz.
hostility, aspiring to pacify, 19S
Immovable (mi g.yo ba, eighth ground),
Hundred Guides ofjonang (Kunga
77· 81,12.0
Drolchok,Jonang), 2.5, 2.6sn87 characteristics of, 12.0
hungry ghosts, practice for satisfying, delusions obscuring, 12.4
on Path ofMeditation, 70
189 realization on, 12.5
signs on, 12.1, 12.8-2.9
ignorance, 43, 111, us, 199
impermanence, 38, 139. ISS· 170
Illuminated Timeless Awareness Latter India
Tantra, 112., 2.83n144
dakini lore in, 16-17, z.6z.ns6
Illuminating ('od byedpa, third ground),

76.79-80
characteristics of. 119
delusions obscuring, 12.3
realization on,12.4
signs on,12.1,12.6-.2.7
illusion
appearance without attachment, 70

female gurus in, 18 sarpbhogakaya, awakening as, I6s
six dharmas in, 135 in Stages in the Path ofIllusion, 68
Indian Buddhism, translation of. isolation, 107

2.2.-2.4 Jambudvipa, 2.9, 2.66moo
Indian Source Text ofthe Glorious Five Jamgon Kongtrul ('Jam mgon kong

Tantras (Vajrasana), 34 sprul bLo gros milia' yas, I813-I900),
Indian Source Texts ofthe Dharma 2.6
on Amulet Mahamudra, 143-44, I4S
Cycle ofFive Golden Dharmas ofthe on authorship ofNiguma's Lifo Story,
Glorious Shangpa. See Shangpa Texts 2.0, 2.62.-63n62.
Indrabhiiti, King, 14 on dakini code, 7
inner heat (gtum mo), 31, 2.67n109 on Five Tantras' Deities, 34
in Hevajra tantra, 136 on Four Deities Combined, 3S
in physical training (ius sbyong). 183, on illusory body, 41
186, I90-9I on Immortal and Infallible, I62.
(See also yogic techniques ('khrul physical yogic techniques, absence in
catalogues of. 18s
'khor)) on rainbow body, I2.-13
practice in Vajra Lines, I39-40, 2.9m2.8 on transference, 33
rainbow body and, II on translation of Vajra Lines ofthe Six
See also Meditation on Inner Heat in Dharmas, 137, 138
works of, 2.S
me Path ofMethods See also Ocean ofSong; Treasury of
Extensive Teachings; Treasury of
instantaneous mentation (de ma thagpa'i Instructions; Treasury ofKnowledge
yid), 2.77n93 ]amgon Kongtrul's Retreat Manual
(Zangpo), 2.7
Integrating the Nature ofThree Kayas, IS3 Jatang Kunga Yeshe (Bya btang Kun dga'
integration, Amulet Mahamudra and, ye shes), 2.0

I46. I49 "Jewel Mirror in Which All Is Clear,"
integrations, three, 32., I42., 2.93n39
(Dechen), 18-I9
of guru, ISS· IS6 Jewel Ocean Tantra, 30, 136, 167,
of illusion, IS8
integration, defined, Is3 2.67n103, 2.69ni2.3
sources, difficulties wim, I54-ss Joining, Pam of. 66

ofyidam, ISS.1S6-7s See also Application, Pam of
See also Three Dharmas to Integrate on Jonang tradition, 2.S
journey to Lanka Sutra, 9I, 93· 94, u8,
the Path
intellect 2.76-77n87,2.84ni62.
joy
in Amulet Mahamudra, I46, I 48
illusion beyond, 37-38, 66, 7s-76, 77, branch ofenlightenment, 67, 109
on Pam ofSeeing, 69, no
79• 82., I64 in peak (ofPam ofApplication), 64
limitations of. I36 joys, four
on ninth ground, I2.0 in Chakrasarpvara practices, I72.
intention, meditative absorption of. 102. dissipating and nondissipating, I39·
See also mind, meditative absorption of
interdependent origination, 8o-81 14I, 2.90n2.o, 2.90n2.2.
intermediate state
nirvana in, II:I.
practice in Vajra Lines, I39· I4I-42.,

2.93nn38-41
recognition in, 6s

362. .. Niguma, Lady ofIllusion Khechara, realm of, 2.2., 33
Khechari (mkha' spyod ma), White and
Kadampa, 143
Red, 4, 19, 33
Kagyu (bka' brgyud) tradition, 11, 2.3, 2.9, Khyentse Wangpo (mKhyen rtse'i dbang

36. 143 po, 1S2.0-1S92.). Sec Guru Yoga in
See also Shangpa Kagyu Connection with Six-Armed Protector
Kalachakra tradition, 11, 12. Dwelling in the Heart
Kalarfmi, 171, 173, I7S Khyungpo Naljor (Khyung po mal
Kalu Rinpoche, Khyabje (190S-I9S9), 'byor), 13, IS
amulet of, 32., 143,144.176
2.s-2.6, 2.7, 36 biography of, 10, 16-18, 2.7-2.S, 2.9,
See a/so Basis ofEverything, The; z.66n9S
Chakras;upvara empowerment of,
Shangpa Texts 167-6S
Kalu Yangsi Rinpoche, 2.6 colophons of, 84, 133, 142., 147, ISO,
Kambhalapada, 6-7, 2.6onn2.4-2.s IS4o IS9. 166, 173, 176
kangyur,u dates of, 2.66n9s
Kapstein, Matthew, 2.6 hagiography of. compared with
karma, S9,117 Niguma's, 2.
Hevajra commentary, request for; 17S
See also habitual patterns instructions and cmpowerments
Karma Kagyu, 2.9, 36 received, 17-1S, 2.1-2.2., 2.3, 2.S,
Karma Rangjung Kunchab. See Kalu 2.62.n6o
names of, 2.7, z.66n94
Rinpoche, Khyabjc six dharmas and, 6, 31, I3S. 137, 13S, 142.
karmamudra, 131, 177 three integrations and, 154, 2.9sns
Kashmir, 1, 3, 4, 6, 2.0 King ofthe Empty Plain (Stearns), 18-19 '
Kashyapa, 3. z.o Kinnaur (Himachal Pradesh), 2.4
Kunga Drolchok, Jonang {Jo nang Kun
kaya(s), 14, n u6 dga' grol mchog, IS07-IS66), 2.S,
2.6snS7
four, in Amulet Mahamudra,I44,145· See also Hundred Guides of]onang
146. 14S
Kunga b (Kun dga' 'Od). See
mahasuka, 131, 146,14S Mokchokpa, Kunga b
nonconccptual, S2.
nondissipating, 2.1 La/itavistara. Sec Sutra ofthe Vast
rupa, uS, 16s Display
of unity, 162.
kayas, three Larndre tradition, 2.3, 161
in Chakras;upvara practice, 16S-69 Lankavattira Surra. Seejourney to Lanka
form ofdeity and, 97
grounds and, 14-IS, 12.S Surra
inseparability of, 146, 149 Latter Ocean Tantra, 106, z.Son12.6
mahamudra arising as, 14S-49 Lavapa, 1, 6, z.6onz.S, z.6onnz.4-z.6
naturally arising, ss Lendarma Lodrii, Lotsawa {Lo tsa ba
on Path ofConsummation, 73-7s
relationship between, 117-1S gLan dar rna bLo gros), S4, 133, 137,
six dharmas and,139, 142., 2.S9nn14-1S 14Z.,IS9· 166, 173, 17S, 182.
spontaneous presence of. 147, ISO liberation, path of, 143, 162., 1S4
three integrations and, 32., IS3· ISS·

IS6-s7. ISS
three poisons as, IS7. 2.96n19
Kayastha, Aged, 17S, 30m4
khagamukha, 139. 2.90n2.1

Lift and uaching ofNtiropa, The luminosity, 10-11
(Guenther), 4-5 See also clarity

Lift ofMarpa the Translator, The Ma Lotsawa (rMa lo tsa ba Chos 'bar,
(Tsangnyon Heruka), 5 1044-1089). 161, 297n2.

Lift Story ofBuddha Vajradhara madhyamaka, 37
(Mokchokpa), 20, 261n49 Madhyantika (Nyi ma'i gung pa), 2.0,

Lift Story ofNiguma, l)akini ofTimekss 2.63n65
Awareness, The (Mokchokpa), 6-7,9 magic show, simile of. 39-40, 42
magical power, aspiration for, 195
Lift Story ofthe Supreme Learned Naro Mahaka.la, six-armed (Chakdrukpa),
PaTJchen, The (Sangye Bum), 258-
59nn12-13, 258n8, 263-64n69 35· 36
Mahamaya.34
light(s) mahamudrii.
in Buddhism, 10-11
in Chakrasaq!Vara practices, 170, definition of. 143
in Immortal and Infallible, 161, 162.
171-72 in three integrations, 158
empowerment by, 82 See also Amulet Mahamudrii.
five, 199 Mahavairochana,130
in Hevajra practice, 180 Mahavastu, 46, 271n22
in Immortal and Infallible, 163, 298mo mahayana
in transference, 141-42, 293nn40-41 body oflight in, 12
Light ofWzsdom, The (Padmasambhava buddhahood in, 130-31
illusion, development ofunderstanding
and Kongtrul), 7
Like an Illusion (Riggs), 27 in, 41-42
Lion-faced dakini, 35 limidess classification in, 45,
livelihood, genuine, 71,114
Longchenpa Drimey Ozer (kLong chen 48-49
perfections in, 47-48, 272n34
pa Rab 'byams pa Dri med 'od zer, ten grounds in, 46-47
1301-1363). See Excellent Chariot, Mahayana Highest Continuum
An; Natural Ease in Illusion
Lopez, Donald, 44 (Maitreya/Asailga), 92, 118, 277n88,
Lotus SzUra. See White Lotus ofGreat 2.84ni6J
Compassion Sutra Maiueya,44
Lotus-endowed (twelfth ground), 83, See also Mahayana Highest
~~~. 282-83n145 Continuum; Ornament ofClear
lucid clarity, 68 Realization, The; Ornament ofthe
in Amulet Mahamudra, 146 [Mahayana} Sutras
Immortal and Infallible and, 161 Maitripa, 32, 36, 2.67-68nu2.
inMahamaya tanua,136 Mandala Ritual ofGlorious
mahamudra of, 143 Chakrasa17111ara
on Path ofSeeing,u2. creation phase and offerings, 170.,-71,
172-73
practice of. 139, 141, 2.92nn34-35 four empowermenrs, 171, 172
threefold, 149 fruition of. 172-73
in transference, 141-42., 293nn40-41 mandala of Five Deities, 171-72
without increase or decrease, 89 preparation, 170, 300n11
lujong (lus sbyong), 183
See also yogic techniques ('khrul 'khor)

364 .. Niguma, Lady ofIllusion grounds and, 70, 7'-
Meditation on Channels, Pril}a, and
purpose of. 169
source of. 167 Such, 186-87
Meditation on Inner Heat in the Path of
Mandala RitulllofGlorious Hevajra
Methods, 187-88
creation and completion in, 179
dedication and aspiration, 181-82., meditarion-in-action. See integrations,

30:Z.nJ6 three
four cmpowerments in, 180-81
preparation, 178-79, 30:z.n9 meditative absorption (Skt. samaJhi),
supplications in, 179-80
44
mandalas (dkyi/ 'khor) branch ofenlightenment, 67, 110
faculty of. 104
in Chakras;upvara practices, 170, on first ground, u3
171-72. four periods of. 102.
genuine, 71, 114
in Hcvajra practices, 177, 178, 182. miraculous activity, as support for,
of knowable things. 149
ofknowledge, aspirations toward, 59-60
on Path ofAccumulation, 100, 101-3
194-95 on Path ofMeditation, 70-71
on Path ofApplication, 63 on Path ofSeeing, 66-67
power of. 61, 64-65, 107
as wheels ('!thor lo), 168 on single seat, 140, 2.91n31
Manifest (mngon du gyurpa, sixth vajra-like, 7'-
viceand, s8
ground), 76, 8o-81 without reference point, 109
characteristics of. uo meditative equipoise, 146, 148
ddusions obscuring, u3-2.4 meditative stability, 77, 78, 12.2.
realization on, us
signs on, 12.1, 12.7-2.8 MeetingofFatherandSon, 130
mantra
in Chakrasarpvara practices, 170-71, •meeting the buddha," 13

173· 176 memory, integrating, 157
in Hcvajra practice, 178, 179, 181 mental agility, branch ofenlightenment,
in three integrations, 157
ofVajrasattva, 31, 170 67.109
mental attention, 57, 58, 114
See also seed-syllables
mantra tradition. See tantra; vajrayina mental consciousness (;yid lr.yi mam par
shespa), 88, 93-94
Marpa.s
mental engagement, 100-101
Marpa Kagyu. 143 mental fabrication, 146, 148

maya, 38-39· 40-41 mental nonengagemcnt (yitlla mi byed
pa), 31
See also illusion
Maya, Queen (Mayadcvi), 39, 2.70n4 mentation, 89, 199-:z.oo, 177nn93-94
MeaningfulDiscipline Tantra, 131, afflictive, 84, 88, 93, us
mahamudra and, 151
:z.87m87
merit, 73, u 6
means, path of(thabs lam), 135 merit kaya, 117, :z.83-84n159

meditation See also sarp.bhogakaya
dharmakaya in, 14
in mahamudra, lack of. 149 methods, path of. 139-40, 16:z., 183,
yoga of. 189-91 189-91

Meditation, Path of. 70-72., 113-15 Mikyo Dorje, eighth Karmapa (rJe
eightfold path on, 70-71

factors to be diminated on, 115

· brgyad pa Mi bskyod rdo rje, Index .., 365
1507-1554). See Noble One's Resting
at Ease: A Commentary on Ornament mother tantra (ma rgyud), 299n1
ofClear Realization buddhahood in, 131
Chakrasarpvara in, 167, 168
mind Hevajra in,177
absorption of, 59. 102 six dharmas in, 135-36
as Akani~~a. 132-33
as all-base, 93 mudra(s)
and deity, inseparability of, 157,164 in physical yoga techniques, 189, 190,
and guru, inseparability of. 156 304n15
homages to, 54, 87, 150 ofa woman, buddhahood by, 131
as illusionist, 40
in integration ofillusion, 158 Mulamadhyamakaktirika. See Root
mindfulness of, s6. 99,114 Verses ofthe Middle called Wisdom
resting in Amulet Mahamudra, 145
subtle body and, 135 Mullin, Glen, 26-27
wheel ofin Chakrasarpvara practices, multiplicity, knowledge of, 21, 99, 146,

175·30In31 149
"Mind and Body, Immortal and
nada, Tangtong Gyalpo's instruction by,
Infallible." See Immortal and
Infallible ('chimed 'chugs med) 19, 262n61
mind-dharmakaya, 148, 294-95n9 Nagarjuna. See Five Stages, The; Root
mindfulness
branch ofenlightenment, 66, 109 Jlerses ofthe Middle called Wisdom
in dreams, 62 nagas, 3· 20, 263n66
faculty of. 61, 104 Nairatmya, 178, 179, 18o, 181
four foundations of. 45, 56-57, 98-100 Namkhai Norbu, 11-12
genuine, 71,114 namtar (rnam par tharpa), 13-14
power of. 64, 106-7
Mine ofjewels (Thranatha), 35 See also hagiography, Tibetan and
Mipam Gyamtso,Ju ('Ju Mi pham rgya Indian traditions of
mtsho,I846-191:z.). See Complete
Explanation ofthe Intended Meaning Naropa (Narotapa), 21, 262n57
of"Ornament ofthe Mahayana dates of. 258nu
Sutras" hagiography of. comparing, 2
miraculous activity, four absorptions of. and Niguma, relationship to, 3-5, 6,
258-59nm2-13
59-60, 101-3, 278-79n113
mirages, 74 Narthang Tengyur, 23, 24
Mokchokpa (rMoglcogpa) native state, resting in, 151
Natura/Ease in Illusion (Longchenpa),
identity of, 19-20, 262-63nn62-63
41-42
Kunga b (Kun dga' 'od), 20, 262- Naturally Free Mahamudra, 144-45,

63n62 150-52
Rinchen Tsiidrii (Rin chen brtson grus, Naturally Liberated Immortality ('chi

1110-1170), 19-2.0, 29,34 med ranggrol), 161
Sec also Life Story ofBuddha See also Immortal and Infallible ('chi

V.1jradhara; Life Story ofNiguma, med 'chugs med)
f>.ikini ofTimeless Awareness nature ofmind, Io-n, 32
natures, eighty, 142, 293n41
Ngari (mnga ris), 137
ngiindro. See preliminary practices

(sngon gro)
Niguma, 6-10, 8, 9

birthplace of. 3, 258nn9-10

366 .. Niguma, Lady ofIllusion Clear Realization (Mikyo Dorje),
2.80-81lll29
Bodong Chokley Namgyal and, 2.4 nonconceptuality
historicity of. 1s in Amulet Mahamudra,J46, 148,149
in Khyungpa Naljor's biography, 10, as dharmakaya, 97
nondistraction, 147, 149-so, lSI
16-18 nonmeditation, 147, 149-so
Marpaand, s nonreturners, 70, 81, no
in Mokchokpa's biography, 2.0-2.2. nonthought, ss. 141
names of.•. 3 nonvirtue
and Naropa. relationship to, 3-s. 6, in dreams, 62., 2.73n48
genuine mindfulness and, 71
2.S8-s9nn12.-13 of mental consciousness, 93-94
parents of, 1, 3-4, 2.1 on Path ofAccumulation, JOO-IOI
rainbow body of. 1, 7, 13 ripening of, 90
role in Shangpa tradition, 2.3, 2.4 Norbu Dondrup, 11
sources on, 1-3, s no-self. realization of, 111
in Tangtong Gyalpo's biography, 18-19 Nyingma tradition, 8
teachers of. 6-7
textual sources of teachings, 167, 2.99n3 obscurations
transmission lineage of. 2.9-30 live, IOS, 2.79lll2.1
Vajradhara, teachings and empower- most subtle, u6

ments by, 8, 9. 13, 14, 2.1 obscurations, two
works of. 2.3, 2.9-30, IS3-S+· 177-78, freedom from, I9S· 304-sn4
purifying by Amulet Mahamudra, 147,
2.67lll04 ISO
Niguma's Aspiration Prayer. purity of. 73. 116, 142.

See Aspiration Pray" ofthe Sealed Ouan ojl)tikas Tantra, 167
Word Ouan ofSong(Konguul),l4S
Nigu's Yogic Exmises, Root and Ouan ofTimeless Awareness Tantra, 16s.
Commentary (Taranatha),184, •8s
Nine Emanated Deities ofHevajra 2.98lll4
(empowerment), 2.3 one-to-one lineage (gcig brgyutl), 2.9
nirmiil)akaya ordinary mind, I4S· 147. 148, •so
appearance of. •+-IS Ornament ofClear Realization, The
in intermediate state, 141,142.
natural arising of. 73. 117 (Maitreya), 46, 74, 2.74-7sn61
pure lands of. 132. on twenty signs on Path of
sound and attainment of. IS7
nirvana Application, 108, 2.8o-81m2.9
all-base as support for, 91-92. on warmth and peak,Ios, 2.79ni19
enlightenment and, 109, 164 Ornament ofthe [Mahayana} Sutras
as genuine illusion, 42., s•. 70, 76
on grounds (sa, Skt. bhumi), 8o-81, 12.3 (Maitreya),119, 2.84-8sm63
in intermediate state, 112.
in mahamudra, •so Padmasambhava, 6, 12., 2.62.ns7
purity of. 181 Pali tradition, 47, 2.72.n30
Nirvirana Vishkambin, 96, 2.78mo7 Palpung Monastery, 2.S, 2.6
No More Learning, Path of. 2.83ni5+ paramitas. See perfections (pha roltu
See also Consummation, Path of
Noble One's Resting at Ease: A phyinpa)
Commentary on Ornament of passion, 33, 140, 141, ISI

Su also desire mindfulness of. 56, 99-100
path (lam, Skt. marga), .p., 55, 98 on Path ofSeeing, 108-9
realization ofon grounds, 79, 8o,
complexity of, purpose for, 49-50,
2.72.nn36-37 8t-82.

· derivation of term, 46 physical training (Ius sbyong). Su yogic
devotion on, 96 techniques ('khru/ 'khor)

dual functions of, 43-44, 49 pointing-out, 149, 162., 2.95n11
as illusion, 50-51, 95 poisons
perfections and, 48
primordial unity of, 88 five, 147
of unity, 95, 98,2.780101 three, 156, 157-58, 199, 2.96017

s~e also five paths (lam lnga, Skt. s~e also afflictive emotions/states (nyon
pancamarga) mongs pa, Skt. k/esha)

Path ofPurification, The (Buddhaghosa), postures, 185, 186, 189, 190, 191, 303n6
power
38.45
characteristics of. 12.2.-2.3
Paths to Liberation (Buswell, Jr. and ten grounds and, 77. 78

Gimello), 49-50 priil:ta. See energy currents (lung, Skt.
patience, 77, 78, 12.2. prarJa)

peak,levd of(rtse mo), 12., 62., 64, 104- priil:ta-mind, 187-88
pratyekabuddhas, 50-51, 56. 76, 12.0
6, 105, 107, 2.79-80012.4, 2.80012.7
PekingTengyur, 2.3, 2.4, 144,177,183 preliminary practices (sngon gro), 31,
Peme (dpe med), 3. 2.0, 2.1, 2.58n9
146. 149· 155· 163, 170, 2.95012.,
perfection, total (rnam byang), 91, 104 300015
pride, clearing up, 190
perfection of wisdom (Skt. primordial unity, 13, 88

prajnaparamita), 37 Pullahari. See P~hpahari
Perfection oJWisdom in Eight-thousand
Pure Domains, Akani~t}la of. 132.-33,
Lines, 50-51 2.870191
perfections (pha ro/ tu phyin pa), 42.,
pure lands/realms
47-48 aspiring to manifest, 195-96
buddhahood in, 130-31 perishability of, 132.-33, 2.870191
charaneristics of, 12.2.-2.3 power over, 81
chart of ten, 52.
mindfulness of, 114 pure perception, 16, 194
on Path ofAccumulation, 103 purification
phenomena
as Body of illusion, 81 in Chakras:upvara practices, 169, 174
branch ofenlightenment, direct reveal- in Hevajra practice, 180
by nonfixation, 79
ingof, 66,109 on Path ofSeeing, 70
as deity and guru, 55 in six dharmas, 140, 2.90-9102.4
direct application ofmindfulness to,
See also preliminary practices (sngon
99-100 gro)
equality of, 113, 152.
equipoise and, uo "Purifier, Hollow Interior ofA,
illusion-like, 40, 54, 102. The," 31
just as they are, realization of. 78
knowing of, 108-9, 2.8100131-32. purity, eight kinds, 12.1, 2.850170
mind as only, 151 Pu~hpahari (Pullahari), 4, 2.59014

Qftestiom ofFour Girls, 107, 2.8on12.8

368 .. Niguma, Lady ofIllusion samaya (dam tshig), 31
See also sacred pledge
Questions ofMatisambhava Sutra, I09-
10, 1I3-14, 181n134 s;up.bhogakiiya
buddhahood in, 131-31
rabbit (ri bong), 140, 19xn16 in Chakras;up.vara practices, 171, 174
See also bodhichitta (byang sems) communication through, 14-15
eighth ground and, 81
Radiant {'od 'phro ba, fourth ground), in intermediate state, 141
76,8o on Path ofSeeing, 68
rainbow body and, 11, 13
characteristics of, II9 Vajradhara, 14-15
delusions obscuring, 113
realization on, 12.4-15 Sa,dhinirmocana. See Sutra That
signs on, 111, 12.7 Unravels the Intent

Rahulaguptavajra {Lama Rahula), 18, n. samsara
all-base as support for, 91, 199
3+, 36, 135, 168nu6 on grounds (sa, Skt. bhumi), 8o-8x,
rainbow body (Ja'lus) 113, xz.s
as illusion, 41-41, 51, 70, 76
and grounds, correspondence with, in mahamudrii, 148, 150,151
11-13, 16xnn44-45 purity of, I81
revulsion for, 193n39
in illusory body practice, 41 See also cyclic existence
ofLaviipa, 7, xo
in Tibetan tradition, xo-xz. Sa,vara Ocean Tantra, 30, 34, 167, 173,
Ratnavajra {Rin chen rdo rje), 6, 11, :!.67ni03, 300n13

:!.64n40 Sangak Choling {gSang sngags chos
Rechung Hearing Lineage, IS+ gling), 14
Releasing the Knots ofVarjra Lines
Sangye Bum {Sangs rgyas 'bum, xz.th or
{Sangye Palzang), 143, 196nm1-14 13th c.?). See Lift Story ofthe Supreme
renunciation Learned Naro Pa1,1chen, The

genuine, four aspects of(yang Sangye Nyentiin {Sangs rgyas
dag spong ba bzhi, Skt. catwiri gnyan ston, or Ri gong pa, II7S-
sa,yalepraha1)a), 57-sS, 6o, xoo-xox, 114-7/I1SS?), 19, 197n3
178nu1
Sangyc Palzang {Sangs rgyas dpal
meditative absorption and, 101 bzang). Sec Releasing the Knots of
on Path ofAccumulation, 103 Varfra Lines
Riggs, Nicole, 17
rime. See eclectic movement (Tis met!) Sangye Tonpa {Sangs rgyas ston pa,
Rinchen Namgyal, Lhatsun {Lha'i btsun 1107-1178), 19, 135, 188m, 193-

paRin chen mam rgyal, I473-ISS7). 94n44
3-4,10 Sec also Collection ofNecessary Oral
Rinchen Zangpo {Rin chen bzang po,
9s8-1oss). 137. 138, 141, x66 .Advice on Niguma's Six Dharmas
Roerich, George, s. 16, 167 Saraha,87
Root Verses ofthe Middle called Wisdom secrecy, 183-84
{Niigiirjuna), 41 Secret J)akini Tantra, 9+, 177-78moo
rupakiiya, uS, x6s secret mantra (gsang sngags), 8, 91-93

sacred pledge, 31, 146, 149, 163, 181, buddhahood in, 130-31
195n11 empowerment in, 94
See also tantra; vajrayiina
Samantabhadra, 131,196
Samantabhadra Vajradhatu, 131

Secret Moon Drop Tantra, 130, :r.87m86 exceptional qualities of, I36
Sections on Grounds Sutra, 91, 92., 93, extraordinary practices of. 36
Five Golden Dharmas of, :r.8, 30-33
:r.76n84 founding of, 2.7-2.9
seed-syllables Hcvajra in, 2.3, 34. 177-78
Immortal and Infallible in, 33, I6I
in Chakrasarpvara practices, I7-I74o lineages of. 2.9-30
i70, 171-72., 175 literary rradition of, 2.3-:r.7, :r.65n8:r.

in Hevajra practice, 179, 180, 181 mahamudra in (See Amulet
ofhollow interior, 2.90-91n:t4
in Immortal and Infallible, 163, :r.98mo Mahamudra)
in six dharmas, 139 spiritual poems of, 145
Taranatha, role in, :r.s. 184, :r.65n88
Seeing, Path of(mthonglam),I:r., 66-70, three integrations in, 32., IS4

108-13 See also individual practices
factors to be eliminated on, 111, Shangpa Texts, 2.5-:r.6, I37-38, I85

:r.8:tn143 Shantibhadra, s
level ofwarmth and, 103-4 Shantivarman {Zhi ba'i go cha, father),
lucid appearances on, 68-70
and Path ofApplication, relationship 1,2.1

to, 61 Shavari, 35. 36, 2.69-70m:r.9
seven branches ofenlightenment on, Shaw, Miranda, I69
shravakas, s6, 76, I:r.o
66-67 Shrimati {dPal gyi blo gros rna, mother),
twelve hundred qualities occurring
I, 2.1
on,69
siddha movement, 168
Selected l*'r.b ofthe Dalai Lama 2: Siddhartha, Prince {rGyal bu Don
The Tantric Yogas ofSister Niguma
'grub), 130, 2.86m8:r.
{Mullin), :r.6-:r.7 similes, usc of. 4I, 42.
sixdharmas
self. 44-45, 114,199
self-fixation, 6o, 93 acumen needed for, I40, I4I, 2.91n2.9,
sensations, mindfulness of. 56, 99 2.91n31, :r.93nn38-39

sense consciousnesscs, five (sgo lnga'i in Five Tantras' Deities, 34
rnam par shespa), 70, 84-85, 88; formulation of, I39

93-94-12.5 in Hevajra Tantra, I35-36
sense pleasures, 69, 151
sentient beings, 90 .Khyungpo's receipt of, 17-I8, I42.
ofNiguma and Naropa, compared,
all-base in constiruent of. 89
aspirations for, 194, 196, 197 I35-36
lifespan of, 74-75
wdfareo£,66 physical training (Ius sbyong) for (See

seven branches. See sevenfold service yogic techniques)
St~~~t~n Instruction Lint:ages {Taranatha), source of. 6
Six Dharmas ofNaropa, 3I, I35
6-7. 177, 178 skillful method, 77, 78, I2.2.
sevenfold scrvice,Is6,IS7• 2.96m:r. sleep, lucid clarity in,149 ·
seven-generation injunction, 2.2., 2.9, I42., small child yogic exercise, 192., 304n2.2.
small vehicle, buddhahood in, 130-31
166, 2.93-94n44, 2.99n19 Smith, Gene, 2.6
sexual practices, 131, I68, 177 Sonam Dragpa, Panchen, 177
Shaivite tradition, 3 Sosadvipa {Sosaling), 6, I6
Shangpa Kagyu tradition, 2.7-36

Chakrasaqwara in, 3I, 35, 36, I69

370 • Niguma, Lady ofIllusion pacifying, s8, 101
yogic technique for clearing, 189
sound, integration of. 157
Sublime Absorption Sutra, 94, 2.77n98
Sovereign ofNoble Aspirations. See Sublime Golden Light Sutra, 117, 119-2.0,
Aspiration Prayer ofthe Sealed Word
12.2.
space subsequent attainment, 146, 148,
as all-base, 54, 91-92.
on tenth ground, 82. 152.,156
and timeless awareness, indivisibility subtle body, 135, 162.
of, 73, 84, 116, 146, 149
in Chakrasarpvara practice, 162.
speech in Immortal and Infallible, 162.
aspiration for, 196
genuine, 71, 113 See also vajra body (rdo rje sku)
natural resting of. 145 suchness (de bzhin nyid), 92., 131, 141
in three integrations, I 58
wheel ofin Chakrasarpvara practices, in mahamudra, 146, 149, 150, 151
Sudarshana (Ira na sdug pa), 3, 2.1,
174-75
2.63n68
Spiritual Power ofAmrita/Spiritual suffering, s7, 63
Power ofImmortality (Virii.pa), Sukhasiddhi, 18, 2.4, 32., 161-62.

161-62., 2.97n3 six dharmas of, 34
spontaneous presence, 42., 74, 77,145,
supreme dharma, level of (chos mchog),
147
Srijfiana (dPal gyi ye shes). See Niguma 64, 6s, 66, 108

Stages in the Path ofIllusion, 2.4, 54-84 Sutra ofBrahmananda, 112., 2.83m 46
and An Excellent Chariot, resem- Sutra ofKumaraprabha, 108,12.4-30,

blances, 42. 2.8In130
path in, 46
tides of. 84, 2.72.n4o Sutra ofTeaching the Unimaginable,

Stages in the Path ofIllusion: The 115-16
Commentary, 2.8, 86-133 on buddhas and bodhisarrvas, differen-

all-base in, 45 tiated, 133
grounds in, 8-9, 46-47 on ten grounds, 12.0-2.2.
homage and author's statement, 86, 87
outline of. 8s Sutra ofthe Bodhisattva Drdhramati,
path in, 46, 51
saJ:pbhogakaya in, 1s 98-103, 104-s, 2.78n11o
Stages in the Path ofthe Three Types of
Sutra ofthe Perfection ofWJSdom in
Person, 2.7 Eighteen Thousand Lines, 95
Stainless (dri ma medpa, second
Sutra ofthe Vast Display, 39
ground), 76, 79 Sutra on the Ten Grounds, 46, 48
characteristics of, 119 Sutra That Unravels the Intent, 39-40
delusions obscuring, 12.3 Swift Accomplishment ofGlorious
realization on, 12.4
signs on, 12.0-2.1, 12.6 Chakrasa7pvara, 169, 173-76

Stainless Essence Sidra, 88-89 Tangrong Gyalpo (Thang stong rgyal po,
Stainless Union, 178, 301n4 1361?-1485), 10, 2.6sn84
storehouse consciousness. See all-base
biography of. 18-19
(kun gzhi, Skt. tilaya) in six dharmas transmission, 136
works of, 2.4-2.5, 2.6sn8s
stupidity
See also Collection ofthe Essentials
Tangtong Gyalpo Tradition (Thang

lugs), 2.4

tantra, 8, 30-31

Tantra ofAll-Victorious Nonduality, 1p., Inda .. 371
187nt91
three gates (rnam thar sgogsum), 98,
Tantra ofTimekss Awareness Drops, 131, 178nn
187nt89
Three Ktiya Integration, IS3· 154
Tantra ofTotalNonabiding, 131 Threefold Letting-Go (rang babs gsum),
Tantra ofVajra Bliss, 131
tantric action, four modes of, 169, 176 31,143
nranatha,Jonang (n ra na tha,Jo See also Amulet Mahamudra
Tibet House publishers, 14
nang; a.k.a. sGrol ba'i mgon po, Tibetan Buddhist Resource Center
IS7S-I6JS),1S7n6
on amulet mahamudra, 31 (TBRC),14
on cohesion ofNiguma's teachings, Tibetan Canon, 11-13
Tibetan script, 136-37
19-30 Tilopa/Tclopa/Tillipa, 3, 6, 16on16
on Immortal and Infallible, 161 timeless awareness
role in Shangpa tradition, 1S,184,
all-base as, 199
16sn88 ofAmulet Mahamudrii,147•1SO
on three integrations, 1s3 buddhahood and, 114
on Vajra Lines ofthe Six Dharmas, fivefold, 84
four kayas and, 148,149•19SntO
137 as immortality, 164, 198nn
nonconceptual, 7s. 113
See also Clearing up Darkness of nondissipating,140,191n17
the Mind; Collected Works; Five ofPath ofSeeing, 66,70
Tantras'Mandala Method of perfection of, 78, 12.3
.Accomplishment; Mine ofjewels; power ofwisdom and,107
Nigu's Yogic Exercises, Root and and space, indivisibility of, 73o 84, 116,
Commentary; Seven Instruction
Lineages; Stages in the Path ofthe 146,149
Three Types ofPerson. in ten perfections, 111-2.3
ofunimpeded confidence, 81
Ttirantitha's History ofBudJhism in Timeless Rapture (Zangpo),17
India, 6-7, 10, 16on1s Todgal (thod rgal), 11
trainings. three, 195. 3osns
tathagatas, 9, 83, 119-30 transference ('pho ba), 19, 33, 168n117
See also buddha(s) in Vajra Lines, 139, 141, 191-93nn36-

tengyur, 11-14 37
Teto cemetery,161, 2.97n3 Treasury ofExtensive Teachings
theravadin tradition, thirty-seven factors
(Kongtrul), 1S
in, 4S Tri!4Sury ofInstructions (Kongtrul), 15,
third turning ofthe whed ofdharma,
137
H-4S TreasuryofKnowkdge (Kongcrul),17,
thirteenth ground, 12., 131, 2.6mn46-47•
136,184-8sm63
1')10}0 treatises (btsan bcos, Skt. shastra),
'I holing monastery (Tho ling, mtho
requisites for, 86, 175n7o
gding). 137. 141, 2.88ns trulkor. See yogic techniques ( 'lehrul
thoughts
'lehor)
g<·nuinc, 71, 113 Tsadra Rinchen Dtak, 15-2.6
im<·grating, 157 tsampalea Howers,12.1, 2.8sm69
on l'ath ofSeeing, 67-68 Tsangnyon Heruka ( gTsang smyon he ru
'[/,.,.,. I >lurmas to Integrate on the Path,

1\\ ·Sll

372. .. Niguma, Lady ofIllusion buddhahood through empowerment
by, 131
ka, Rus pa'i rgyan can, 14S2.-IS07).
2.59n2.1 lineage of. 2.9
seven aspects of. 139. 2.89-90m6
See also Lift ofMarpa the Translator, as source of Immortal and Infallible,
The
163
Tukwan Lama (Thu'u bkvan bla rna, Blo as source of mahiimudra, I4S· 147
bzang chos kyi nyi rna, I737-1802.). as source of six dharrnas, 136, 139,

See Collected UfJrks ofbLo bzang 2.89nt3
chos-kyi nyi-ma as source of three integrations, 154
Sukhasiddhi and, 34
twelfth ground, 83, 2.91n30 vajra-like absorption, 83, u6
Vajrii.sana/Dorjedenpa, Lopp<>n (rDo
Uncommon Calm Abiding and Higher
rje gdan pa, bsLob dpon), 3S· :~.68-
Insight (thun mong mayin pa'i zhi 69m:1.o
gnas /hag mthong), 36
unity, path of (Lam zung Jug), 95, See also Indian Source Text ofthe
Glorious Five Tantras
2.78n101
universal monarchs, 12.1, 196 vajrayii.na, u, 41-42., 47

Vairochana, posture of. t8s, 189, 303n6, See also secret mantra; tantra
303ms
Vajrayogini
Vairochana Immense Ocean, 132. in Chakrasatpvara practice, 168, 172.
Vairochana Vajradhara, 73 as preliminary practice, 31
Vairochanaralqhita, 34. 2.68m19 in White and Red Khechari practice,
Vajra Bodhichitta, 131
33
vajra body (rdo rje sku),u, 31, 13S,162. Varii.hi with the Severed Head, t61-6:1.
See also rainbow body (Ja' Ius) Vasubandhu, 44

vajra dance, 188, 303m2. See also Explanation ofthe Ornament
vajra lines, distinctions in, 1S4 oftheSutras

Vajra Lines ofthe .AmuletMahamudra Very Joyful (rab tu dga' ba, first ground),

notes on translation, 144, 14s 44·76
root text, 145-47 characteristics of. 119
root text with notes, 147-52. delusions obscuring, 12.3
Path ofSeeing and, 69
Vajra Lines ofthe Six Dharmas, 2.5, 31, qualities of. 112.
realization on, 12.4, 12.6
2.89nii signs on, uo, 12.5-2.6
empowerment in, 30-31 vice, s6, S7-s8, 98, too-to!
root text, 139-42.
sources of, 135-36 See also nonvirtue
translation of. 137-39 victors. See buddha(s)
transmission of. 135
Victor's Body, mindfulness ofbody and,
vajra seal of, •·42.· 2.93-94n44
s6
Vajra Peak Tantra, 132., 2.87m90 view(s)

vajra position, 189, 190 to be eliminated, 111, 2.8:1.m41

See also Vairochana, posture of genuine, 70, 113
obscuration of. 72., 2.74n59
Vajra Seat, 130 Vimala (Dri med pa or Vimaladipi. Dri
Vajrabhairava, 34
Vajradhara med sgron rna), 4

accomplishment of. 2.6m46
biography of, 13-14

Vimalakirti Surra, 97, 178mo8 Index • 373
Vimalarnitra, 11
virtue wealth, aspiration for, 196
Western Tsang, 18, 166n98
base of. 54
as buddha nature, 91 Whiu Lotus ofGreat Compassion Sutra,
dedicating the roots of. 101
in dreams, 61, 173n48 130
generosity and, 77 wisdom (shes rab, Skt. prajna), 44
of mental attention, s8
ofmental consciousness, 93-94 characteristics of. 12.1
on Path ofAccumulation, s6, s7-s8, faculty of. 104-s
on Path ofAccumulation, 100
98 power of. 61, 6s, 107
on Path ofApplication, IOS ten grounds and, 77,78
ripening of. 90 vice and, s8
Viriipa, 33, 34, 161, 168nu8, 197n3 wish-fulfilling gem, S4, ISO, IS1, 194
W<intiin Kycrgangpa (or Chiikyi Sengc,
Sec also Spiritual Power ofAmrital
Spiritual Power ofImmortality 1143-1116), 19

visionaty experiences, 110-2.1 yidams
visualization in mahamudra, ISI
three integrations and, 31, IS3-S4· ISS·
in Chakrasarpvara practice, 169, 170, IS6-S7
171 transference to, 141
See also dcitics
in Hevajra practice, 179, 18o-81
in physical yogic techniques, 183, Yoga of Meditation in the Path of
Methods, 189-91
184-8s, 186-87, 188, 190
yogachara, 44-4s
Visuddhimagga. Sec Path ofPurification, Yogi Chen, 16
1he (Buddhaghosa) yogic techniques ('khrul '!thor), 183-8s
Yogini Tantra,167, 168, 199m
vital essence (thig /e, Skt bindu),171, 187,
See also mother tantra (ma rgyud)
188, 190-91, 303ni1 Zangpo, Ngawang, 2.7
Zhang-zhong (Zhangs zhongs), 2.8,
warmth, level of(drod), 103-s
dream recognition as, 61, 63-64 166n98
signs of. lOS, :1.79ni2.1, 18on11s

Six-Armed Mahikala