BIO ASSIGNMENT ARINA

Lesson 01

BIO FLIPBOOK:
MOLECULES OF LIFE
AND CELL STRUCTURES

AND FUNCTIONS

SET B

ARINA NATASYA BINTI
KHAIRUR RAHIM

MATRIC NUM: MS2213105225
PRACTICUM : K2T3B

MAIN TYPES OF PROTEIN
MOLECULES OF LIFE LIPID

DNA AND RNA WATER CARBOHYDRATE
MOLECULES

THREE MAIN CLASSES OF
CARBOHYDRATE

MONOSACCHARIDES DISACCHARIDES POLYSACCHARIDES

I. SWEET TASTING I. SWEET I. LARGE / MACROMOLECULE/
II. SOLUBLE IN WATER II. WATER SOLUBLE COMPLEX
III. CAN BE CRYSTALLISED III. NOT SWEET

IV. DOUBLE SUGAR III. INSOLUBLE IN WATER
III. CAN BE CRYSTALLISED MOLECULE, CONSISTS OF IV. CANNOT BE CRYSTALLISED
IV. CAN BE MONOMERS 2 MONOSACCHARIDES
FOR EX: MALTOSE, SUCROSE EX:STARCH, GLYCOGEN
DISACCHARIDES
&POLYSACCHARIDES
EX: GLUCOSE

Humans are unable to digest Humans lack the enzyme necessary to digest cellulose
vegetables, but herbivores which is found in vegetables. Cellulose is an enzyme
are able to do so. that is not found in animal cell. Cellulose are polymers of
Explain this statement by β-glucose subunits. Cellulose are structural component
focusing on a significant of plant cell wall. Cellulose makes cell wall very stable.
structure of the plant cell Herbivorous animals can digest cellulose because of
bacteria present in their caecum help in the digestion of
cellulose. Cellulose structure is long and unbranched.
The chains are arranged in parallel (cellulose
microfibrils) stick together through formation of one
cellulose chain and hydrogen atoms of adjacent chain.

Humans cannot digest cellulose
because they lack the enzymes
essential for breaking the beta-
acetyl linkages. The undigested
cellulose acts as fibre that aids in
the functioning of the intestinal

tract.

Name the organelle which synthesises
carbohydrates in plant cells.

Plastids are organelles
that are found in the
cytoplasm of plant cells.
Some, like chloroplasts,
function to synthesize
carbohydrates like

glucose.

how the organelle’s structures
are involved in the synthesis of

carbohydrates

Chloroplasts are double- . The inner membrane is The space enclosed by
membrane bound organelle relatively less permeable to the inner membrane of
the chloroplast is called
having outer and inner substances than outer
membrane. membrane and thus, has stroma.
more proteins including

carrier proteins.

Chloroplasts are the centres of
photosynthesis or formation of
organic compounds from
inorganic raw materials.

The membrane of the thylakoids
enclose a space called a lumen. The
stroma of the chloroplast contains
enzymes required for the synthesis
of carbohydrates and proteins.

Thank You

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