Review Chapter 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 Conceptual Physics ...

Review Chapter 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 38) If a satellite's radial velocity is zero at all times, its
orbit must be
Conceptual Physics, 10e (Hewitt) A) parabolic.
B) elliptical.
Chapter 10 C) circular.
D) geosynchronous.
23) What prevents satellites such as a space shuttle Answer: C
from falling?
A) gravity 40) What prevents satellites such as the space shuttle
B) the absence of air drag from falling?
C) Nothing; they're falling continuously all around the A) gravity
Earth. B) centripetal force
Answer: C C) centrifugal force
D) the absence of air drag
28) An object is thrown vertically into the air. Because E) Nothing; they are continually falling as they orbit
of air resistance, the time for its descent will be the Earth.
A) longer than the ascent time. Answer: E
B) shorter than the ascent time.
C) equal to the ascent time. 41) The circular path of a satellite orbiting the Earth is
D) Not enough information given to say. characterized by a constant
Answer: A A) speed.
B) acceleration.
30) An airplane flies at 40 m/s at an altitude of 50 C) radial distance.
meters. The pilot drops a heavy package which falls to D) all of these
the ground. Where, approximately, does the package E) none of these
land relative to the plane's new position? Answer: D
A) beneath the plane
B) 400 m behind the plane 42) An Earth satellite is in an elliptical orbit. The
C) 500 m behind the plane satellite travels fastest when it is
D) more than 500 m behind the plane A) nearest the Earth.
E) none of these B) farthest from the Earth.
Answer: A C) It travels at constant speed everywhere in orbit.
Answer: A
31) A bullet is fired horizontally with an initial velocity
of 300 m/s from a tower 20 m high. If air resistance is 43) The fastest moving planet in a solar system is
negligible, the horizontal distance the bullet travels A) the smallest planet.
before hitting the ground is about B) the most massive planet.
A) 200 m. C) the planet nearest the sun.
B) 300 m. D) the planet farthest from the sun.
C) 400 m. E) any planet, for they all move at the same speed.
D) 500 m. Answer: C
E) 600 m.
Answer: E 57) Minimal orbit speed about the Earth is about 8
km/s. Minimal orbital speed about Jupiter would be
36) The tangential velocity of an Earth satellite is its A) less than 8 km/s.
velocity B) more than 8 km/s.
A) parallel to the surface of the Earth. C) about 8 km/s.
B) perpendicular to the surface of the Earth. Answer: B
C) attributed to satellites moving in any direction.
Answer: A

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68) Angular momentum is conserved for a satellite in 12) You wish to bolt a sign to a horizontal I-beam
A) circular orbit. supporting a bridge. You will weaken the beam least if
B) elliptical orbit. you drill the bolt-holes through the
C) both of these A) upper flange.
D) neither of these B) lower flange.
Answer: C C) web.
D) All these will have the same effect.
Answer: C

Chapter 12 14) Stone slabs are stronger under
A) tension.
5) Which has the greater density, a lake full of water or B) compression.
a cup full of lake water? C) same strength.
A) the cup full of lake water Answer: B
B) the lake full of lake water
C) Both have the same density. 15) The strength of a rope depends on its
D) It is impossible to tell without knowing the size of A) thickness.
the lake. B) length.
Answer: C C) both of these
Answer: A
8) If the mass of an object were to double while its
volume remains the same, its density would 18) A wooden block has a mass of 1000 kg and a
A) halve. volume of 2 cubic meters. What is the block's density?
B) double. A) 100 kg per cubic meter
C) stay the same. B) 200 kg per cubic meter
D) become four times as great. C) 500 kg per cubic meter
Answer: B D) 1000 kg per cubic meter
E) none of these
10) When weight is applied to the top of a stone arch, Answer: C
all of the stone blocks in the arch undergo
A) tension. 21) Which will bounce higher off a hard surface?
B) compression. A) a rubber ball
C) expansion. B) a steel ball
D) change of phase. C) Both bounce the same.
Answer: B Answer: B

Figure 12-C Chapter 13

11) When a load is placed on the middle of a horizontal 1) Water pressure is greatest against the
beam supported at each end, the bottom part of the A) top of a submerged object.
beam undergoes B) bottom of a submerged object.
A) tension. C) sides of a submerged object.
B) compression. D) is the same against all surfaces
Answer: A E) none of these
Answer: B

3) The pressure in a liquid depends on liquid
A) density.
B) depth.
C) both of these
D) neither of these
Answer: C

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6) The mass of a cubic meter of water is E) none of these
A) 1 kg. Answer: B
B) 10 kg.
C) 100 kg. 19) When holes are drilled through the wall of a water
D) 1000 kg. tower , water will spurt out the greatest horizontal
E) 9800 N. distance from the hole closest to
Answer: D A) the bottom of the tower.
B) the middle of the tower.
8) The reason that buoyant force acts upward on a C) the top of the tower.
submerged object is that D) The horizontal distance will be the same for all
A) it acts in a direction to oppose gravity. holes.
B) if it acted downward, nothing would float. Answer: A
C) the weight of fluid displaced reacts with an upward
force. 24) A rock suspended by a string weighs 5 N out of
D) upward pressure against the bottom is greater than water and 3 N when submerged. What is the buoyant
downward pressure against the top of the submerged force on the rock?
object. A) 8 N
Answer: D B) 5 N
C) 3 N
9) A completely submerged object always displaces its D) 2 N
own E) none of these
A) volume of fluid. Answer: D
B) weight of fluid.
C) density of fluid. 25) An egg is placed at the bottom of a bowl filled with
D) all of these water. Salt is slowly added to the water until the egg
E) none of these rises and floats. From this experiment, one concludes
Answer: A A) calcium in the egg shell is repelled by sodium
chloride.
10) A fish normally displaces its own B) the density of salt water exceeds the density of egg.
A) volume of water. C) buoyant force does not always act upward.
B) weight of water. D) salt sinks to the bottom.
C) both of these Answer: B
D) neither of these
Answer: C 27) A block of wood weighing 5 N in air, is difficult
fully submerge in a pool of mercury because the
13) What is the weight of water displaced by a 100-ton buoyant force when fully submerged is
floating ship? A) less than 5 N.
A) less than 100 tons B) 5 N.
B) 100 tons C) more than 5 N.
C) more than 100 tons Answer: C
D) 100 cubic meters
E) depends on the ship's shape 29) Compared to an empty ship, the same ship loaded
Answer: B with styrofoam will float
A) higher in the water.
14) When an object is partly or wholly immersed in a B) lower in the water.
liquid, it is buoyed up C) at the same level in the water.
A) by a force equal to its own weight. Answer: B
B) by a force equal to the weight of liquid displaced.
C) and floats because of Archimedes principle.
D) but nevertheless sinks.

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Chapter 14 D) Bernoulli's principle.
E) none of these
3) Atmospheric molecules do not fly off into outer Answer: C
space because of
A) their relatively high speeds. 16) About how high can water be theoretically lifted by
B) their relatively low densities. a vacuum pump at sea level?
C) Earth gravitation. A) less than 10.3 m
D) cohesive forces. B) more than 10.3 m
Answer: C C) 10.3 m
Answer: C
4) About what percentage of the molecules that make
up the atmosphere are below an aircraft that flies at an 17) The flight of a blimp best illustrates
altitude of 6 kilometers? A) the principle of Archimedes.
A) 20% B) Pascal's principle.
B) 30% C) Bernoulli's principle.
C) 40% D) Boyle's law.
D) 50% Answer: A
E) more than 50%
Answer: E 18) Airplane flight best illustrates
A) Archimedes' principle.
5) Atmospheric pressure is caused by the B) Pascal's principle.
A) density of the atmosphere. C) Bernoulli's principle.
B) weight of the atmosphere. D) Boyle's law.
C) temperature of the atmosphere. Answer: C
D) effect of the sun's energy on the atmosphere.
Answer: B 19) The faster a fluid moves, the
A) greater its internal pressure.
6) What is the approximate mass of a 1-square- B) less its internal pressure.
centimeter column of air that extends from sea level to C) internal pressure is unaffected.
the top of the atmosphere? Answer: B
A) 1 gram
B) 1 kilogram 26) Consider two mercury barometers, one with twice
C) 10 kilograms the cross-sectional area of the other. Neglecting
D) 100 kilograms capillarity, mercury in the smaller tube will rise
Answer: B A) the same height as in the larger tube.
B) twice as high as mercury in the larger tube.
9) As a helium-filled balloon rises in the air, it becomes C) four times as high as mercury in the larger tube.
A) bigger. D) more than four times as high as in the larger tube.
B) more dense. E) none of these
C) heavier. Answer: A
D) all of these
E) none of these 30) A helium-filled balloon released in the atmosphere
Answer: A will rise until
A) the pressure inside the balloon equals atmospheric
11) A one-ton blimp hovers in the air. The buoyant pressure.
force acting on it is B) atmospheric pressure on the bottom of the balloon
A) zero. equals atmospheric pressure on the top of the balloon.
B) one ton. C) the balloon and surrounding air have equal
C) less than one ton. densities.
D) more than one ton. D) all of these
Answer: B E) none of these
Answer: C
13) In drinking soda or water through a straw, we make
use of
A) capillary action.
B) surface tension.
C) atmospheric pressure.

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33) Compared to the buoyant force of the atmosphere A) water
on a 1-liter helium-filled balloon, the buoyant force of B) iron
the atmosphere on a nearby 1-liter solid iron block is C) glass
A) considerably less. D) wood
B) considerably more. E) All of the above choices are equally true.
C) the same. Answer: B
Answer: C
7) The moderate temperatures of islands throughout the
Figure 14-A world has much to do with water's
38) The depth to which an inverted drinking glass must A) poor conductivity.
be pushed beneath the surface of water so that the B) vast supply of internal energy.
volume of enclosed air is squeezed to half is C) high specific heat.
A) 76 cm. D) high evaporation rate.
B) 10.3 m. E) absorption of solar energy.
C) 14.7 m. Answer: C
D) 20.6 m.
E) 29.4 m. 12) Ice tends to form first at the
Answer: B A) surface of bodies of water.
B) bottom of bodies of water.
44) In a vacuum, an object has no C) surface or bottom depending on the water depth.
A) buoyant force. Answer: A
B) mass.
C) weight. 13) When an iron ring is heated, the hole becomes
D) temperature. A) smaller.
E) all of these B) larger.
Answer: A C) neither smaller nor larger.
D) either smaller or larger, depending on the ring
50) A large block of wood and a smaller block of iron thickness.
on weighing scales both register the same weight - 1 Answer: B
ton. Taking buoyancy of air into account, which has the
greater mass? 14) As a piece of metal with a hole in it cools, the
A) wood diameter of the hole
B) iron A) increases.
C) Both have the same mass. B) decreases.
D) More information is needed. C) remains the same.
Answer: A Answer: B

Chapter 15 16) When a bimetallic bar made of copper and iron
strips is heated, the bar bends toward the iron strip. The
1) When you touch a cold piece of ice with your finger, reason for this is
energy flows A) iron gets hotter before copper.
A) from your finger to the ice. B) copper gets hotter before iron.
B) from the ice to your finger. C) copper expands more than iron.
C) actually, both ways. D) iron expands more than copper.
Answer: A E) none of these
Answer: C

3) Which of the following normally warms up fastest
when heat is applied?

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17) If glass expanded more than mercury, then the Figure 15-B
column of mercury in a mercury thermometer would 42) Consider a metal ring with a gap cut in it. When the
rise when the temperature ring is heated, the gap
A) increases. A) becomes narrower.
B) decreases. B) becomes wider.
C) neither of these C) retains its size.
Answer: B Answer: B

24) Consider a sample of water at 0 degrees C. If the Chapter 16
temperature is slightly increased, the volume of the
water 4) Your feet feel warmer on a rug than on your tile
A) increases. floor because your rug
B) decreases. A) is usually warmer than your tile.
C) remains the same. B) is a better insulator than your tile.
Answer: B C) for the same mass has more internal energy than
your tile.
26) During a very cold winter, water pipes sometimes D) all of these
burst. The reason for this is E) none of these
A) the ground contracts when colder, pulling pipes Answer: B
apart.
B) water expands when freezing.
C) water contracts when freezing.
D) the thawing process releases pressure on the pipes.
E) none of these
Answer: B

30) Room temperature on the Kelvin scale is about 5) Energy transfer by convection is primarily restricted
A) 100 K. to
B) 200 K. A) solids.
C) 300 K. B) liquids.
D) 400 K. C) gases.
E) more than 400 K. D) fluids.
Answer: C E) none of these
Answer: D
33) Some molecules are able to absorb large amounts
of energy in the form of internal vibrations and 6) Warm air rises because faster-moving molecules
rotations. Materials composed of such molecules have tend to move to regions of less
A) low specific heats. A) density and less pressure.
B) high specific heats. B) pressure.
C) none of the above C) density.
Answer: B Answer: A

39) Place a kilogram block of iron at 40 degrees C into 7) At the same temperature, which move with the
a kilogram of water at 20 degrees C and the final greater speed in the air?
temperature of the two becomes A) very light molecules
A) less than 30 degrees C. B) heavier molecules
B) at or about 30 degrees C. C) All will have equal average speeds.
C) more than 30 degrees C. Answer: A
Answer: A

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9) Objects that radiate relatively well, 22) If you double the pressure of an ideal gas while
A) absorb radiation relatively well. keeping the temperature constant, the average kinetic
B) reflect radiation relatively well. energy of the molecules
C) both of these A) is doubled.
D) neither of these B) increases by more than twice.
Answer: A C) increases by less than twice.
D) remains unchanged.
13) Cold water will warm to room temperature faster in Answer: D
a
A) black pot. 28) Newton's law of cooling applies to objects that are
B) silver pot. A) cooling.
C) depends more on the size of the pots than their color B) heating.
Answer: A C) both of these
D) none of these
14) An object will normally be a net radiator of energy Answer: C
when its temperature is
A) higher than its surroundings. 30) A Thermos bottle has double glass walls with silver
B) lower than its surroundings. coating on the glass surfaces that face one another. The
C) neither of these silver coating reduces the energy that is transferred by
Answer: A A) conduction.
B) convection.
15) It is commonly thought that a can of beverage will C) radiation.
cool faster in the coldest part of a refrigerator. D) friction.
Knowledge of Newton's law of cooling E) none of these
A) supports this common knowledge. Answer: C
B) shows this common knowledge is false.
C) supports or contradicts this common knowledge. 33) If a poor absorber of radiation were a good emitter,
Answer: A its temperature would be
A) less than its surroundings.
17) Which body glows with electromagnetic waves? B) more than its surroundings.
A) both the Sun and the Earth C) the same as its surroundings.
B) only the Sun Answer: A
C) only the Earth
D) neither the Sun or the Earth
Answer: A

19) The planet Earth loses heat mainly by
A) conduction.
B) convection.
C) radiation.
D) all of these
Answer: C

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