CURRICULUM VITAE Name: John A. Hawkins - Linguistics

CURRICULUM VITAE

Name: John A. Hawkins

Current Position: Professor of Linguistics, University of California, Davis

Emeritus Position: Emeritus Professor of English and Applied Linguistics, Cambridge
University

Contact Address: 270 Kerr Hall, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
telephone: (1) 530 752 0715
fax: (1) 530 752 3156
email: [email protected]

Degrees: B.A. in Modern and Medieval Languages (Germanic Philology, Linguistics
1970: and Literature), Cambridge University. First Class Honours.
Ph.D. in Linguistics, Cambridge University. Thesis title: Definiteness and
1975: Indefiniteness.

Research Areas:
Language Universals and Typology; Processing and Efficiency in Language; Semantics and
Pragmatics; Applied Linguistics and Second Language Learning; English and the Germanic
Language Family; Historical Linguistics.

Prior Teaching, Research and Administrative Positions:

1970-73: College Supervisor, Cambridge University (Linguistics and Germanic

Philology).

1973-76: Tenure-track Lecturer, Department of Language & Linguistics, University of

Essex, Colchester. Tenure 1975.

1975-76: Visiting Scholar, Department of Linguistics, University of California at Los

Angeles (UCLA), Aug-Sep 1975, Apr-Oct 1976.

1976-77: Visiting Assistant Professor, Department of Linguistics, UCLA.

1977-81: Assistant Professor, Department of Linguistics, University of Southern

California (USC), Los Angeles. Tenure 1981.

1982-85: Senior Research Associate, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics

(Language Comprehension Group), Nijmegen.

1983: Visiting Associate Professor, Linguistic Society of America Summer Institute,

UCLA.

1983-2004: Associate Professor (1983-87) and Full Professor (1987-2004), Department of

Linguistics, USC.

1984-90: Chair, Department of Linguistics, USC.

1985-92: Senior Research Associate, Andrus Gerontology Center, USC.

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1988-2004: Founding Member, Program in Neural, Informational and Behavioral Sciences,
1991: USC.
1993-94: Visiting Professor, Department of English, University of the Saarland,
1995: Saarbrücken, Summer semester Apr-July.
1995: Interim Chair, Department of Spanish and Portuguese, USC.
1996: Visiting Professor, Germanic Linguistics Program, UC Berkeley, Fall semester
1996: Aug-Dec.
2000-04: Visiting Professor, Ph.D. course on Typology, Universals and Language
Change, University of Copenhagen, May.
2004-11: Visiting Professor, Cognitive Science Program and Department of Linguistics,
2007: University of Potsdam, Summer semester May-July.
Visiting Professor, Department of English, Free University of Berlin, Summer
semester May-July.
Visiting Scientist, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
(Linguistics Department), Leipzig, July 2000, June-July 2002, July-Dec 2003,
July-Sep 2004.
Director of the Research Centre for English and Applied Linguistics and
Professor, English Faculty, University of Cambridge
Appointment to Professorship of Linguistics, University of California at Davis,
Target of Opportunity for Excellence.

Professional Activities:
Chief Editor, General Linguistics Series, Routledge Publishers, London & New York, 1980-

2000.
Executive Committee Member, Association for Language Typology (ALT), 2007-.
Science Board Member, Santa Fe Institute, New Mexico, 1987-95.
Member, European Science Foundation Programme in Language Typology, Constituent Order

Group, 1990-94.
Member, International Scientific Council, Institut für Deutsche Sprache, Mannheim, 1998-.
Director, research project on "Explaining Language Universals", Max Planck Institute for

Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, and Netherlands Institute for Advanced Study (NIAS),
Wassenaar, 1983-85.
Member of editorial boards: Cognitive Linguistics; Journal of Germanic Linguistics;
Semantics and Pragmatics (LSA e-language journal); Languages in Contrast;
Interdisciplinary Journal for Germanic Linguistics and Semiotic Analysis.
Member of professional associations: Linguistic Society of America (LSA); Linguistics
Association of Great Britain (LAGB); Association for Language Typology (ALT).
Reviewer of papers submitted to: Cognition; Language; Journal of Linguistics; Lingua;
Linguistic Inquiry; Linguistics; Journal of Pragmatics; Language and Cognitive
Processes; Language Variation and Change; Southwest Journal of Linguistics;
Natural Language and Linguistic Theory; English Language and Linguistics.
Reviewer of monographs submitted to: Basil Blackwell's; Cambridge University Press;
Oxford University Press; Routledge; University of Texas Press; Springer Verlag.
Reviewer of research grant proposals submitted to: National Science Foundation (NSF);
National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH); Social Science and Research Council
of Canada; Economic and Social Science Research Council (UK); The Leverhulme

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Trust (UK); Social Science Research Council of Austria; Social Science Research
Council of Hong Kong; Australian Research Council; National Science Foundation of
Japan.
Reviewer of fellowship proposals for the American Council of Learned Societies (ACLS),
1995-98.
External member, Appointments Committee for Chair of General Linguistics, University of
Edinburgh, 2007.
Co-organizer of the conference "Language and Music as Cognitive Systems", Cambridge
University, 2007 (in collaboration with the Centre for Music and Science, Cambridge).
Co-organizer of the conference "Interdisciplinary Approaches to Relative Clauses", Cambridge
University, 2007 (in collaboration with the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary
Anthropology, Leipzig).
Legal consulting to law firms and expert witness in American trials involving language: libel
suits, contract disputes, trademarks and patents, copyright infringement.

Other Interests:
Music: viola player with near-professional training; singing (tenor)

Research Grants and Awards:

1970: Trinity Hall, Cambridge, Scholarship (for First Class Honors in B.A.).

1970-73: British Department of Education and Science dissertation fellowship (full salary

and tuition costs for three years).

1982-85: Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, Research Fellowship

($180,000).

1983-85: Max Planck Society, Germany, and Netherlands Institute for Advanced Study

(NIAS) funding for international research project on "Explaining Language

Universals" (P.I. J.A. Hawkins), ($500,000).

1985: Phi Kappa Phi Scholarly Book Award, USC, for Word Order Universals,

Academic Press, New York ($3,000).

1987-92: National Institute on Aging Multidisciplinary Research Training Grant in

Gerontology (P.I. Vern L. Bengtson), #2T32AG00037, Preceptor in Linguistics

and Aging ($1,586,236).

1988: Santa Fe Institute, New Mexico, funding to organize a workshop and edit a

book with Murray Gell-Mann on "The Evolution of Human Languages"

($15,000).

1990-94: European Science Foundation funding for ten conferences and collaborative

research on Language Typology ($23,000).

1990: National Endowment for the Humanities Grant FT-34150-90 ($3,500).

1990: Faculty Research and Innovation Fund, USC ($10,190).

1990: European Science Foundation Small Grant ($1,000).

1992: Albert S. Raubenheimer Distinguished Faculty Award, College of Letters Arts

& Sciences, USC ($3,500).

1996: German National Science Foundation research fellowship for project on

"Formal Models of Cognitive Complexity", University of Potsdam, DFG grant

INK 12/AI ($17,000).

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2000-02: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, visiting scientist
2003-04: research expenses ($5,000).
2007: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, visiting scientist
fellowship ($45,000).
2007: Arts and Humanities Research Council (UK), Centre for Research in the Arts,
Social Sciences and Humanities (CRASSH), Sempre funding for the conference
2007-08: "Language and Music as Cognitive Systems", Cambridge University ($11,000).
2008-09: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (Leipzig), Scandinavian
2008-09: Studies Fund (Cambridge), Cambridge Assessment funding for the conference
"Interdisciplinary Approaches to Relative Clauses", Cambridge University
2009-10: ($20,000).
2009-10: Cambridge Assessment and Cambridge University Press funding for the
2009-10: Cambridge Learner Corpus Project (P.I. J.A.Hawkins), ($200,000).
Cambridge Assessment and Cambridge University Press funding for the
Cambridge Learner Corpus Project (P.I. J.A.Hawkins), ($125,000).
Teaching buyout of two courses at UC Davis from the Research Centre for
English and Applied Linguistics, University of Cambridge, for collaborative
research ($33,500).
University of California Davis Seed Grant for University Outreach and
International Programs ($6,000).
Cambridge Assessment and Cambridge University Press funding for the
Cambridge Learner Corpus Project (P.I. J.A.Hawkins), ($125,000).
Teaching buyout of two courses at UC Davis from the Research Centre for
English and Applied Linguistics, University of Cambridge, for collaborative
research ($35,000).

DIRECTED STUDENT RESEARCH:

Ph.D. Committees:
John Hou (USC) "Grammatical relations in Chinese", 1979.
Alessandro Duranti (USC) "The fono: A Samoan speech event", 1981.
Heather Holmback (USC) "The interpretation of definite and indefinite descriptions", 1982,

(chair).
Linda Thornburg (USC) "Syntactic reanalysis in early English", 1984, (chair).
Noel Houck (USC) "The pragmatics of tag questions: a model for epistemic speaker-hearer

acts", 1984.
Alan Kim (USC) "Causative constructions in Korean", 1984.
Nico Besnier (USC) "Restricted literacy and the development of the literacy-orality

distinction", 1986.
Heather Bowe (USC) "Categories, constituents and constituent order", 1986.
Gary Gilligan (USC) "A cross-linguistic approach to the pro-drop parameter", 1987, (co-chair).
Akiko Kumahiro (USC) "Crossing in Japanese", 1987.
Christopher Hall (USC) "A processing explanation for the suffixing preference", 1987.
Franz Müller-Gotama (USC) "A typology of the syntax-semantics interface", 1991.
Jeong-Dal Kim (USC) "Serial verb constructions in Korean", 1993.
Kaoru Horie (USC) "Iconicity and complementation in Japanese", 1993.

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Ferdinand de Haan (USC) "The interaction of modality and negation: A cross-linguistic
perspective", 1994, (chair).

Jeff Small (USC) "On-line sentence comprehension in Alzheimer's disease: effects of
grammatical complexity, speech rate and memory capacity", 1994.

Charles Kim (USC) "Causation and control in Korean", 1995.
Fred Field (USC) "Borrowing and borrowability", 1998, (chair).
Lynne Stallings (USC) "Evaluating heaviness: Relative weight in the spoken production of

Heavy NP Shift", 1998.
Laura M. Gonnerman (USC) "An alternative account of derivational morphology: exploring

the semantics-phonology interface", 1998.
Maria Brizuela (USC) "A pragmatic analysis of definite expressions in Spanish", 1999, (chair).
Tony Greblick (USC) "The conditional preterite in American English dialects", 1999, (chair).
Jolanta Macevichius (USC) "Discourse diminution in language loss situations", 1999.
Gontzal Aldai (USC) "Grammaticalization in Basque", 2001, (chair).
Karen Marblestone (USC) "The processing of prepositional phrase orderings in English", 2002,

(co-chair).
Aaron Sonnenschein (USC) "A grammar of Zapotec", 2004, (chair).

Internal Examiner for the Ph.D.:
Helen East (Cambridge University) "Models and mechanisms of sentence processing:

Accounting for distance effects in temporarily ambiguous English sentences", 2006.

External Examiner for the Ph.D.:
Leon Stassen (Catholic University of Nijmegen) ‘Comparative and conjunction: An essay in

Universal Grammar’, 1984.
Simon Kirby (Edinburgh University) ‘Function, selection and innateness: The emergence of

language universals’, 1996.
Sang Seong (UC Berkeley) ‘A comparative typology of Korean, German and English’, 1997.
Marie-Odile Taillard (University College London) ‘The balancing act of persuasion: A

relevance-theoretic perspective’, 2005.
Johannes Kizach (Aarhus University) ‘The function of word order in Russian compared with

Danish and English’, 2010.

PUBLICATIONS:

Books:

Hawkins, J.A. (1978) Definiteness and Indefiniteness: A Study in Reference and
Grammaticality Prediction. Humanities Press, New Jersey, and Croom Helm, London,
316 pp..

Hawkins, J.A. (1983) Word Order Universals. Quantitative Analysis of Linguistic Structure
Series, Academic Press, New York, 342 pp..

Hawkins, J.A. (1986) A Comparative Typology of English and German: Unifying the
Contrasts. University of Texas Press, Austin (Texas Linguistics Series), and Routledge,
London, 244 pp..

Hawkins, J.A. (1994) A Performance Theory of Order and Constituency. Cambridge Studies

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in Linguistics, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 496 pp..
Reprinted (2006) by Peking University Press, Peking.
Hawkins, J.A. (2004) Efficiency and Complexity in Grammars. Oxford University Press,
Oxford, 303 pp..
Reprinted (2010) by the World Press Company, Beijing.
Hawkins, J.A. & L. Filipović (2012) Criterial Features in L2 English: Specifying the Reference
Levels of the Common European Framework. Cambridge University Press,
Cambridge, 183 pp..
Hawkins, J.A. (in preparation) Cross-linguistic Variation and Efficiency. Oxford University
Press, Oxford.

Edited Books and Volumes:

Hawkins, J.A., editor, (1988) Explaining Language Universals. Basil Blackwell, Oxford,
398 pp..

Hawkins, J.A. & H.K. Holmback, editors, (1988) Papers in Universal Grammar: Generative
and Typological Approaches, Lingua Special Issue Vol.74 Nos.2/3, 184 pp..

Hawkins, J.A. & A. Siewierska, editors, (1991) Performance Principles of Word Order.
Working Paper 2 Theme Group 2, European Science Foundation Programme in
Language Typology, ESF Office, Strasbourg, 189 pp..

Hawkins, J.A. & M. Gell-Mann, editors, (1992) The Evolution of Human Languages. Santa
Fe Institute Studies in the Sciences of Complexity Vol. XI, Addison-Wesley, reading,
Mass., 361 pp..

Rebuschat, P., M. Rohrmeier, J.A. Hawkins & I. Cross, editors, (2012) Language and
Music as Cognitive Systems. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 338 pp..

Papers in Refereed Journals and Edited Volumes (refereed journals with *)

Hawkins, J.A. (1976) ‘On explaining some ungrammatical sequences of article + modifier in
English’. In: S.S. Mufwene, C.A. Walker & S.B. Steever, eds., Proceedings of the
12th Regional Meeting of the Chicago Linguistic Society, University of Chicago, 287-
301.
Reprinted (1978) in: M. Yasui, ed., Kaigai Eigogaku-ronso (= Selected Papers in
Linguistics), Eichosha, Tokyo, 124-143.

*Hawkins, J.A. (1977) ‘The pragmatics of definiteness Part 1’, Linguistische Berichte 47:1-
28.

*Hawkins, J.A. (1977) ‘The pragmatics of definiteness Part 2’, Linguistische Berichte 48:1-
28.

*Hawkins, J.A. (1979) ‘Implicational universals as predictors of word order change’,
Language 55:618-648.

*Hawkins, J.A. (1980) ‘On implicational and distributional universals of word order’, Journal
of Linguistics 16:193-235.

Hawkins, J.A. (1980) ‘On surface definite articles in English: Proving underlying
indefiniteness and explaining the conversion to definiteness’. In: J. van der Auwera,
ed., The Semantics of Determiners, University Park Press, Baltimore, 41-66.

*Hawkins, J.A. (1981) ‘The semantic diversity of basic grammatical relations in English and

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German’, Linguistische Berichte 75:1-25.
*Hawkins, J.A. (1982) ‘Language universals and the logic of historical reconstruction’,

Linguistics 20:367-390.
Hawkins, J.A. (1982) ‘Syntactic-semantic generalizations uniting contrasting rules in English

and German’. In: W.F.W. Lohnes & E.A. Hopkins, eds., The Contrastive Grammar of
English and German, Karoma Press, Ann Arbor, 197-214.
*Hawkins, J.A. (1982) ‘Cross-category harmony, X-bar and the predictions of markedness’,
Journal of Linguistics 18:1-35.
*Hawkins, J.A. (1984) ‘Modifier-head or function-argument relations in phrase structure: The
evidence of some word order universals’, Lingua 63:107-138.
*Hawkins, J.A. (1984) ‘A note on referent identifiability and co-presence’, Journal of
Pragmatics 8:649-659.
*Hawkins, J.A. (1985) ‘Complementary methods in Universal Grammar: A reply to
Coopmans’, Language 61:569-587.
*Cutler, A., J.A. Hawkins & G. Gilligan (1985) ‘The suffixing preference: A processing
Explanation’, Linguistics 23:723-758.
Hawkins, J.A. (1986) ‘A semantic typology derived from variation in Germanic’. In: V.
Nikiforidou, M. VanClay, M. Niepokuj & D. Feder, eds., Proceedings of the 12th
Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society, University of California,
Berkeley, 413-424.
Hawkins, J.A. (1986) ‘A comparative typology of English and German’. In: R. Boehm & H.
Wode, eds., Tagungsberichte des Anglistentags, Band VIII, Hoffman Verlag, Giessen,
262-286.
*Hawkins, J.A. (1987) ‘Implicational universals as predictors of language acquisition’,
Linguistics 25:453-473.
Hawkins, J.A. (1987) ‘German’. In: B. Comrie, ed., The World's Major Languages,
Routledge (Croom Helm), London, and Oxford University Press, New York, 110-138.
Reprinted (1990) in: B. Comrie, ed., The Major Languages of Western Europe,

Routledge, London, 100-128.
Revised (2009) in: B. Comrie, ed., The World's Major Languages, Second Edition,

Routledge, London and New York, 86-109.
Hawkins, J.A. (1987) ‘Germanic Languages’. In: B. Comrie, ed., The World's Major

Languages, Routledge (Croom Helm), London, and Oxford University Press, New
York, 68-76.
Reprinted (1990) in: B. Comrie, ed., The Major Languages of Western Europe,

Routledge, London, (1990), 58-66.
Revised (2009) in: B. Comrie, ed., The World's Major Languages, Second Edition,

Routledge, London and New York, 51-58.
*Hawkins, J.A. (1988) ‘On generative and typological approaches to Universal Grammar’,

Lingua 74:85-100.
*Hawkins, J.A. & G. Gilligan (1988) ‘Prefixing and suffixing universals in relation to basic

word order’, Lingua 74:219-259.
Hawkins, J.A. (1988) ‘A parsing theory of word order universals’. In: S.P. Abney, ed., The

MIT Parsing Volume 1987-88: Parsing Project Working Papers No.1, Center for
Cognitive Science, MIT, 151-179.
Hawkins, J.A. (1988) ‘The unity of English/German contrasts: Inferring a typological

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Parameter’. In: C. Duncan-Rose & T. Vennemann, eds., On Language: Rhetorica,
Phonologica, Syntactica: A Festschrift for Robert P. Stockwell from his Friends and
Colleagues, Routledge, London & New York, 361-380.
Hawkins, J.A. (1988) ‘On explaining some left-right asymmetries in syntactic and
morphological universals’. In: M. Hammond, E. Moravcsik & J. Wirth, eds., Studies in
Syntactic Typology, John Benjamins, Amsterdam, 323-359.
Hawkins, J.A. (1988) "Explaining language universals". In: J.A. Hawkins, ed., Explaining
Language Universals, Basil Blackwell, Oxford, 3-28.
Hawkins, J.A. & A. Cutler (1988) ‘Psycholinguistic factors in morphological asymmetry’. In:
J.A. Hawkins, ed., Explaining Language Universals, Basil Blackwell, Oxford, 280-317.
Hawkins, J.A. (1989) ‘Competence and performance in the explanation of language
Universals’. In: D. Arnold, M. Atkinson, J. Durand, C. Grover & L. Sadler, eds.,
Essays on Grammatical Theory and Universal Grammar, Oxford University Press,
Oxford, 117-150.
*Hawkins, J.A. (1990) ‘A parsing theory of word order universals’, Linguistic Inquiry
21:223-261.
Hawkins, J.A. (1990) ‘Seeking motives for change in typological variation’. In: W. Croft, K.
Denning & S. Kemmer, eds., Studies in Typology and Diachrony: Papers Presented to
Joseph H. Greenberg on his 75th Birthday, John Benjamins, Amsterdam, 95-128.
*Hawkins, J.A. (1991) ‘On (in)definite articles: Implicatures and (un)grammaticality
Prediction’, Journal of Linguistics 27:405-442.
Hawkins, J.A. (1991) ‘Language universals in relation to acquisition and change: A tribute to
Roman Jakobson’. In: L. Waugh & S. Rudy, eds., New Vistas in Grammar: Invariance
and Variation, John Benjamins, Amsterdam, 473-493.
Hawkins, J.A., K. Horie & S.J. Matthews (1991) "On the interaction between performance
principles of word order". In: J.A. Hawkins & A. Siewierska, eds., Performance
Principles of Word Order, Working Paper 2 Theme Group 2, European Science
Foundation Programme in Language Typology, ESF Office, Strasbourg, 141-188.
*Hawkins, J.A. (1992) ‘Syntactic weight versus information structure in word order variation’,
Linguistische Berichte Special Issue No.4, Informationsstruktur und Grammatik, ed.,
by J. Jacobs, 196-219.
Hawkins, J.A. (1992) ‘Innateness and function in language universals’. In: J.A. Hawkins &
M. Gell-Mann, eds., The Evolution of Human Languages, Santa Fe Institute Studies in
the Sciences of Complexity Vol.XI, Addison-Wesley, Reading, Mass., 87-120.
Hawkins, J.A. (1992) ‘A performance approach to English/German contrasts’. In: C. Mair &
M. Markus, eds., New Departures in Contrastive Linguistics, Vol.1, Innsbrucker
Beiträge zur Kulturwissenschaft, Anglistische Reihe Band 4, University of Innsbruck,
115-136.
Hawkins, J.A. (1993) ‘Heads, parsing and word order universals’. In: G.G. Corbett, S.
McGlashan & N. Fraser, eds., Heads in Grammatical Theory, Cambridge University
Press, Cambridge, 231-265.
Hawkins, J.A. (1995) ‘Argument-predicate structure in grammar and performance: A
comparison of English and German’. In: I. Rauch & G.F. Carr, eds., Insights in
Germanic Linguistics 1, de Gruyter, Berlin, 127-144.
Hawkins, J.A. (1995) ‘Typology-based research into syntactic change’. In: J. Jacobs, A. von

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Stechow, W. Sternefeld & T. Vennemann, eds., Syntax: An International Handbook of
Contemporary Research, Vol.2, de Gruyter, Berlin, 1176-1183.
Hawkins, J.A. (1997) ‘The grammaticalization of processing efficiency across languages’. In:
M. Butt & T.H. King, eds., Proceedings of the Lexical Functional Grammar Conference
1997, UCSD, La Jolla, CSLI Publications, Stanford, California.
*Hawkins, J.A. (1998) ‘A processing approach to word order in Danish’, Acta Linguistica
Hafniensia 30:63-101.
*Hawkins, J.A. (1998) ‘Morphological hierarchies in the history of Germanic’,
Interdisciplinary Journal for Germanic Linguistics and Semiotic Analysis 3:197-217.
Hawkins, J.A. (1998) ‘Some issues in a performance theory of word order’. In: A.
Siewierska, ed., Constituent Order in the Languages of Europe, Proceedings of the ESF
Programme in Language Typology, de Gruyter, Berlin, 729-781.
Hawkins, J.A. (1998) ‘A typological approach to Germanic morphology’. In: J.O. Askedal,
ed., Historische Germanische und Deutsche Syntax, Peter Lang Verlag, ed., Frankfurt
am Main, 49-68.
*Hawkins, J.A. (1999) ‘Processing complexity and filler-gap dependencies across grammars’,
Language 75:244-285.
*Hawkins, J.A. (2000) ‘The relative order of prepositional phrases in English: Going beyond
Manner-Place-Time’, Language Variation and Change 11:231-266.
*Hawkins, J.A. (2001) ‘Why are categories adjacent?’ Journal of Linguistics 37:1-34.
Hawkins, J.A. (2001) ‘The role of processing principles in explaining language universals’.
In: M. Haspelmath, E. König, W. Œsterreicher & W. Raible, eds., Language Typology
and Language Universals: An International Handbook, de Gruyter, Berlin, 360-369.
*Hawkins, J.A. (2002) ‘Symmetries and asymmetries: their grammar, typology and parsing’.
Target article in open peer-reviewed issue of Theoretical Linguistics 28:95-149.
*Hawkins, J.A. (2002) ‘Issues at the performance-grammar interface: Some comments on the
Commentaries’, Theoretical Linguistics 28:211-227.
Hawkins, J.A. (2003) ‘Why are zero-marked phrases close to their heads?’ In: G.
Rohdenburg & B. Mondorf, eds., Determinants of Grammatical Variation in English,
de Gruyter, Berlin, 175-204.
Hawkins, J.A. (2003) ‘Efficiency and complexity in grammars: Three general principles’. In:
J. Moore & M.Polinsky, eds., The Nature of Explanation in Linguistic Theory, CSLI
Publications, Stanford, California, 121-152.
*Lohse, B., J.A. Hawkins & T. Wasow (2004) ‘Domain minimization in English verb-
particle constructions’, Language 80:238-261.
Hawkins, J.A. (2006) ‘Gradedness as relative efficiency in the processing of syntax and
Semantics’. In: G. Fanselow, C. Féry, M. Schlesewsky & R. Vogel, eds., Gradience in
Grammar: Generative Perspectives, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 207-226.
*Hawkins, J.A. (2007) ‘Processing typology and why psychologists need to know about it’,
New Ideas in Psychology 25:87-107.
*Hawkins, J.A. (2007) ‘Acquisition of relative clauses in relation to language universals’,
Studies in Second Language Acquisition 29:337-344.
Hawkins, J.A. (2008) ‘An asymmetry between VO and OV languages: The ordering of
obliques’. In: G. Corbett & M. Noonan, eds., Case and Grammatical Relations: Essays
in Honour of Bernard Comrie, John Benjamins, Amsterdam, 167-190.

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Hawkins, J.A. (2009) ‘Language universals and the performance-grammar
correspondence hypothesis’. In: M.H. Christiansen, C. Collins & S. Edelman, eds.,
Language Universals, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 54-78.

Hawkins, J.A. (2009) ‘An efficiency theory of complexity and related phenomena’. In: G.
Sampson, D. Gil & P. Trudgill, eds., Language Complexity as an Evolving Variable,
Oxford University Press, Oxford, 252-268.

Hawkins, J.A. with P. Buttery (2009) ‘Using learner language from corpora to profile
levels of proficiency: Insights from the English Profile Programme’. In: L. Taylor &
C.J. Weir, eds., Language Testing Matters: Investigating the Wider Social and
Educational Impact of Assessment, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 158-175.

*Hawkins, J.A. & P. Buttery (2010) ‘Criterial features in learner corpora: Theory and
illustrations’, English Profile Journal 1:e4,1-23.

Hawkins, J.A. (2011) ‘Discontinuous dependencies in corpus selections: Particle verbs and
their relevance for current issues in language processing’. In: J. Arnold & E. Bender,
eds., Readings in Cognitive Science, CSLI Publications, Stanford, California, 269-291.

Hawkins, J.A. (2011) ‘Processing efficiency and complexity in typological patterns’. In:
J.J. Song, ed., Oxford Handbook of Language Typology, Oxford University Press,
Oxford, 206-226.

*Hawkins, J.A. (2011) ‘A processing approach to the typology of noun phrases’, Italian
Journal of Linguistics 23.1:1-20.

Hawkins, J.A. (2012) ‘Patterns of asymmetry in argument structure across languages:
Some principles and puzzles’. In: P. Suihkonen, B. Comrie & V. Solovyev, eds.,
Argument Structure and Grammatical Relations: A Crosslinguistic Typology, John
Benjamins, Amsterdam, 133-150.

Hawkins, J.A. (2012) ‘The drift of English towards invariable word order from a
typological and Germanic perspective’. In: T. Nevalainen & E.C. Traugott, eds., The
Oxford Handbook of the History of English, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 622-
632.

Hawkins, J.A. (to appear) ‘Les relations entre competence et performance en syntaxe’. In: J.
François, ed., L’Ėventail des Compétences Linguistiques et la (Dé)valorization des
Performances, Mémoires de la Société Linguistique de Paris Tome XXI, Peeters, Paris.

Hawkins, J.A. (to appear) ‘Disharmonic word orders from a processing efficiency perspective’.
In: T. Biberauer & M. Sheehan, eds., Theoretical Approaches to Disharmonic Word
Order, Oxford University Press, Oxford.

Hawkins, J.A. (to appear) ‘Patterns in competing motivations and the interaction of
principles’. In: E. Moravcsik, B. MacWhinney & A. Malchukov, eds., Competing
Motivations, Oxford University Press, Oxford.

*Filipović, L & J.A. Hawkins (to appear) ‘Multiple factors in second language acquisition:
The CASP model’, Linguistics.

Other Papers Published:

Hawkins, J.A. & E.L. Keenan (1975) ‘A discussion of Lakoff's Linguistics and Natural
Logic’. In: Department of Language & Linguistics Occasional Papers 15, University of
Essex, Colchester, 25-43.

Hawkins, J.A. (1975) ‘The pragmatics of definiteness’, Pragmatics Microfiche 1.3:C2-G10.

11

Hawkins, J.A. (1978) ‘Theoretically significant word order patterns in Greenberg's (1966)
Appendix II’. In: Department of Language & Linguistics Occasional Pepers 20:
Universal Grammar, University of Essex, Colchester, 88-150.

Hawkins, J.A. (1980) ‘Semantic generalizations uniting contrasting syntactic rules in English
and German’, L.A.U.T. (Linguistics Agency University of Trier).

Hawkins, J.A. (1980) ‘The semantic diversity of subject and object: A comparison of English
and German’, L.A.U.T. (Linguistics Agency University of Trier).

Hawkins, J.A. (1992) ‘German’. In: W. Bright, ed., Oxford Encyclopedia of Linguistics,
Oxford University Press, New York.

Hawkins, J.A. (1994) ‘Definite versus indefinite articles’. In: N. Asher, ed., The
Encyclopedia of Language & Linguistics, Pergamon Press and Aberdeen University
Press.

Reviews:

Keenan, E.L. & J.A. Hawkins (1972) Rezension von George Lakoff Linguistics and Natural
Logic, Athenaeum, (1971), Kratylos XVII, 69-76.

Hawkins, J.A. (1973) Review of Heinrich Weber Das Erweiterte Adjektiv- und
Partizipialattribut im Deutschen, Hueber Verlag, (1970), German Life and Letters
XXVI:363-367.

Hawkins, J.A. (1973) Review of Franz Hundsnurscher Neuere Methoden der Semantik: Eine
Einführung anhand deutscher Beispiele, Max Niemeyer Verlag, (1970), German Life
and Letters XXVI:358-360.

Hawkins, J.A. (1973) Review of Otmar Werner Einführung in die Strukturelle Bechreibung
des Deutschen, Teil 1, Max Niemeyer Verlag, (1970), German Life and Letters
XXVI:360-362.

PAPERS PRESENTED:

Invited Papers and Key-note Addresses at Conferences and Meetings (key-notes with *)

*"Constraints on modeling real-time language processes: A linguistics perspective",
Conference on Constraints on Modeling Real-time Language Processes, funded by the
NSF, the University of Chicago and the Max-Planck-Institute for Psycholinguistics
(Nijmegen), Port Camargue, France, June 1982.

*"On explaining some left-right asymmetries in syntactic and morphological universals",
University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Symposium on Language Typology and
Universals, Mar 1985.

"Language universals in relation to acquisition and change: A tribute to Roman Jakobson",
First International Roman Jakobson Memorial Conference, New York University, Oct
1985.

"Pragmatic information status and syntactic weight in word order variation", European Science
Foundation Programme in Language Typology Meeting, Constituent Order and
Pragmatic Organization of Discourse Groups, Royal Dutch Academy of Sciences,
Amsterdam, Sep 1990.

12

"On heads, parsing and word order universals", International Round Table on Heads in
Linguistic Theory (Talking Heads), University of Surrey, Guildford, (presented in
absentia), Mar 1991.

"Performance principles of word order", European Science Foundation Programme in
Language Typology Meeting, Constituent Order Group, Il Ciocco, Lucca, May 1991.

*"A performance approach to English/German contrasts", International Conference on New
Departures in Contrastive Linguistics, University of Innsbruck, May 1991.

"On the interaction between performance principles of word order" (with Kaoru Horie and
Stephen Matthews), European Science Foundation Programme in Language Typology
Meeting, Constituent Order Group, Linguistic Institute of the Hungarian Academy of
Sciences, Budapest, Nov 1991.

"Universal hierarchies and syntactic complexity", Annual Meeting, German National
Linguistics Association (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Sprachwissenschaft), University of
Bremen, Mar 1992.

*"Argument-predicate structure in grammar and performance: A comparison of English and
German", Berkeley-Michigan Germanic Linguistics Roundtable, University of
California, Berkeley, Apr 1992.

"Syntactic complexity, hierarchies and word order variation", European Science Foundation
Programme in Language Typology Meeting, Constituent Order Group, University of
Munich, May 1992.

"Performance evidence for grammatical order and constituent structure", European Science
Foundation Programme in Language Typology Meeting, Constituent Order Group,
Strasbourg, Apr 1993.

"On defining EIC and its predictions", European Science Foundation Programme in Language
Typology Meeting, Constituent Order Group, Free University of Berlin, Nov 1993.

"The grammatical correlates of verb position: A performance approach", European Science
Foundation Programme in Language Typology Meeting, Constituent Order Group, Le
Bischenberg, Strasbourg, Apr 1994.

"Some issues in a performance theory of word order", European Science Foundation
Programme in Language Typology Meeting, Constituent Order Group, University of
Durham, Nov 1994.

"Morpho-syntactic hierarchies in the history of Germanic", International Symposium on
Historical Germanic and German Syntax, Norwegian Academy of Sciences, Oslo, Sep
1995.

"Movement out of clauses: A performance approach", Symposium on Syntactic Processing and
Word Order, University of Copenhagen, May 1996.

"The grammaticalization of processing efficiency across languages", Lexical-Functional
Grammar Conference 1997, Grammaticalization Workshop, University of California,
San Diego, June 1997.

"General patterns of cross-linguistic variation and their significance", Sackler Conference on
Brain Evolution, Venice International University, Italy, Aug 1999.

*"Processing efficiency in grammatical universals: Some hypotheses and issues", University of
California San Diego Conference on Explanation in Linguistics, La Jolla, Dec 1999.

*"Processing efficiency in grammars", 9th Annual Fullerton Linguistics Symposium,
California State University, Fullerton, Apr 2000.

"Why are zero-marked phrases close to their heads?, Symposium on Determinants of

13

Grammatical Variation in English, University of Paderborn, June 2000.
*"Adjacency to heads in performance and grammars", HPSG-2000, Seventh International

Conference on Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar, University of California,
Berkeley, July 2000.
*"Symmetries and asymmetries across grammars: Some parsing predictions", 19th
Scandinavian Conference of Linguistics, Tromsø, Norway, Jan 2002.
"Cross-linguistic patterns and their significance for the performance-grammar interface",
Joseph Greenberg Memorial Conference, Stanford University, Stanford, Apr 2002.
"Gradedness as relative efficiency in the processing of syntax and semantics", Conference on
Gradedness, University of Potsdam, Oct 2002.
"Efficiency or working memory load in language processing?", Conference on Working
Memory, University of the Saarland, Saarbrücken, July 2003.
"Three questions for grammaticalization and a case study", Grammaticalization Workshop,
Free University of Berlin, Nov 2003.
"Patterns of performance efficiency in word order", Workshop on Integrative Explanations in
the Cognitive Science of Language, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Jan 2004.
"Patterns of asymmetry in argument structure across languages", International Symposium on
the Typology of Argument Structure and Grammatical Relations in Languages Spoken
in Europe and North and Central Asia (Lenca-2), Kazan State University, Tatarstan
Republic, Russia, May 2004 (presented in absentia).
"Language universals: Patterns, puzzles and performance efficiency", Cornell Symposium on
Language Universals, Cornell University, May 2004.
"Ten issues for a processing typology of relative clauses", Workshop on the Typology,
Acquisition and Processing of Relative Clauses, Max Plank Institute for Evolutionary
Anthropology, Leipzig, June 2005.
"Dependency and asymmetric ordering across languages", Symposium on Current Issues in
Typology, Free University of Berlin, Jan 2006.
*"An asymmetry between VO and OV languages: The ordering of oblique phrases (X)", 8th
International Forum on Language, Brain and Cognition, Linguistics in Cognitive
Sciences: Contributions from East Asian Languages, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan,
Oct 2006.
*"Performance and grammatical variation in the ordering of verb, direct objects and
obliques", Annual Meeting, German National Linguistics Association (Deutsche
Gesellschaft für Sprachwissenschaft), University of Siegen, Feb 2007.
"An efficiency theory of complexity and related phenomena", Conference on Complexity as
an Evolving Variable, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig,
Apr 2007.
"Nouns and noun phrases: Grammatical variation and language processing", Symposium on
Nouns Cross-linguistically, sponsored by the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary
Anthropology, Leipzig, and the University of Molise, Italy, Campobasso, June 2007.
*“Using learner language from corpora to profile levels of proficiency: Insights from the
English Profile Project” (with Paula Buttery), 3rd International ALTE Conference,
University of Cambridge, April 2008.
“Using learner corpora to profile levels of proficiency in second language acquisition” (with
Luna Filipović), Workshop on New Advances in Applied Linguistics: New Methods in
Data Analysis, UC Davis, Oct 2009.

14

"The Final-Over-Final Constraint (FOFC) from a processing typology perspective", Cambridge
Institute for Language Research (CILR) Workshop on the Final-Over-Final Constraint:
Processing, Typology and Acquisition, University of Cambridge, Jan 2010.

*“Criterial features in the learning of English”, English Australia Conference 2010, Gold
Coast, Australia, Sep 2010.

“Disharmonic word order from a processing typology perspective”, Workshop on Morphology
and Syntax, University of Aarhus, Denmark, Oct 2010.

*“Competing motivations in performance, grammars and learning”, Competing Motivations
Conference, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Nov 2010.

*”Grammatical variation and change in relation to language processing”. CUNY Sentence
Processing Conference, Stanford University, CA, Mar 2011.

“The competence-performance relationship in syntax and morphology”, Workshop
on Competence and Performance, Société de Linguistique de Paris, Paris, Jan 2012.

“What cross-linguistic variation tells us about information density in on-line processing”,
Workshop on Information Density and Linguistic Variation, Deutsche Gesellschaft
für Sprachwissenschaft (German Linguistics Association), Frankfurt, Mar 2012.

“Major contributions from formal linguistics to the complexity debate”, Workshop on
Complexity in Formal Grammar, University of Washington, Seattle, Mar 2012.

Conference Papers:

"A chain of explanation: From speech act function to logical meaning to syntax", University of
Essex Symposium on Functionalism, Thaxted, May 1975.

"Functional explanations in generative grammar", Cambridge Symposium on Explanation,
Cambridge University, July 1975.

"On explaining some ungrammatical sequences of article + modifier in English", 12th Regional
Meeting of the Chicago Linguistic Society, University of Chicago, Apr 1976.

"On surface definite articles in English: Proving underlying indefiniteness and explaining the
conversion to definiteness", International Colloquium on Determiners, University of
Antwerp, (presented in absentia), Feb 1979.

"On the theoretical significance of English/German contrasts", International Seminar on
Contrastive Grammar, Stanford University, Mar 1980.

"Language universals and typology in the 1980's", California Linguistics Association Annual
Conference, California State University, Long Beach, May 1980.

"English and German syntax in contact: Some general features of contrast and influence",
Conference on Foreign Influences on German: Past and Present, University of York,
Mar 1983.

"Diachronic change in relation to synchronic universals and typology in the system of
conditionals", Symposium on Conditionals and Cognitive Processes, Stanford
University, Dec 1983.

"Left-right asymmetries in morphology and syntax" (with Gary Gilligan), Symposium on
Cross-linguistic Studies of Morphophonological Processing, Maison des Sciences de
l'homme, Centre National de Recherches Scientifiques (CNRS), Paris, June 1984.

"The unity of English/German contrasts", Symposium on a Comparative Typology of the
Germanic and Slavic Languages, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen,
Aug 1984.

15

"On explaining language universals", Conference on Language Universals, Netherlands
Institute of Advanced Study (NIAS), Wassenaar, Jan 1985.

"Universal predictions for (first and second) language acquisition", Symposium on Language
Universals and Language Acquisition, Max Planck Instititute for Psycholinguistics,
Nijmegen, Aug 1985.

"A semantic typology derived from variation in Germanic", 12th Annual Meeting of the
Berkeley Linguistics Society, Parasession on Semantic Typology, University of
California, Berkeley, (presented in absentia), Feb 1986.

"A comparative typology of English and German", Annual Meeting of the English Language
Association of West Germany (Anglistentag des Verbands deutscher Anglisten),
University of Kiel, Oct 1986.

"Language problems of older adults", Symposium on Moving into the 21st Century, Andrus
Gerontology Center, USC, Feb 1987.

"Computational order as a motivation for word order" (with Anne Cutler), XIVth International
Congress of Linguists, East Berlin, Aug 1987.

"Innateness and function in language universals", Workshop on the Evolution of Human
Languages, Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, New Mexico, Aug 1989.

"A linguistic perspective on Japanese syntactic processing", International Symposium on
Japanese Syntactic Processing, Duke University, North Carolina, Oct 1991.

"Der Wandel der theoretischen Grundlagen und der Methoden der Sprachwissenschaft im
historisch-gesellschaftlichen Kontext: Eine amerikanische Perspektive",
Germanistentag: Kultureller Wandel und die Germanistik in der Bundesrepublik,
Augsburg, Oct 1991.

"Testing a parsing theory of word order on a complete English text", International Word Order
Workshop, University of Durham, Nov, 1994.

"Morphological hierarchies in Germanic", Berkeley Germanic Linguistics Roundtable,
University of California, Berkeley, Apr 1996.

"Complexity and adaptiveness in language universals", USC Complexity Workshop with
Murray Gell-Mann, Santa Catalina Island, California, Oct 1998.

"Effects of phrase order on sentence processing in Chinese double-object structures" (with
Lingyun Ji, Todd Haskell & Elaine Andersen), The 17th Annual CUNY Sentence
Processing Conference, University of Maryland, Mar 2004.

“Emerging patterns and principles in the Cambridge Learner Corpus of English” (with Luna
Filipovic), 80th Anniversary English Language and Literature Conference, English
Department, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Dec 2009.

“Defining criterial features of the common european reference levels”, International
Association for the Teachers of English as a Foreign Language (IaTefl), Harrogate, Apr
2010.

“Identifying criterial features for reference level descriptions” (with Luna Filipović),
International Association of Applied Linguistics (AILA), Beijing, Aug 2011.

“Multiple factors in second language acquisition: The CASP model” (with Luna Filipović),
LCM V (Language Culture and Mind), Lisbon, Jun 2012.

Public Lectures:

"Definite and indefinite reference", Leibniz Society (Gottfried-Wilhelm-Leibniz Gesellschaft

16

Hannover), Hannover, June 1980.
"Syntactic-semantic generalizations uniting contrasting rules in English and German", Institut

für Deutsche Sprache, Mannheim, June 1980.
"Explaining some general contrasts between English and German", Goethe Institute, York,

Nov 1982.
"Language, the brain, and human evolution", The President's Circle, USC, June 1986.
"Frequenzeffekte und grammatische Morphologie", öffentliche Universitätsvorlesung,

University of Potsdam, July 1996.
"Performanz in der Grammatik: Einige Hypothesen zur Sprachverarbeitingseffizienz in

grammatischen Universalien", öffentliche Universitätsvorlesung, Free University of
Berlin, June 2000.
"Building bridges in the language sciences - Interdisziplinarität in der Linguistik", key-note
address for the opening of the interdisciplinary Zentrum für Europäische Sprachen,
Free University of Berlin, Nov 2005.

Invited Talks:

have been given at the following universities and research institutes (arranged by country):

University of Cambridge (May 1971, Feb 1973, Mar 1974, Mar 1975, Apr 2005);
Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Unit, Cambridge (May 2005);
King's College Cambridge Research Centre (Mar 1974);
University of Essex, Colchester (Feb 1974, Mar 1975, Nov 1975, Oct 2005);
University of Leeds (Nov 1982);
University College London (Oct 1986);
School of Oriental and African Studies, London University (Sep 2005);
King's College London (Mar 2006);
University of Reading (Apr 1998).

University of Cologne (June 1980);
University of Bremen (June 1980);
University of Trier (June 1980);
Technical University of Hannover (Feb 1984, Oct 1986, Oct 1989);
Free University of Berlin (Oct 1989, May 1991, May 1995, June 1996, Oct 2002);
University of the Saarland, Saarbrücken (Jan 1991, July 1991);
University of Wuppertal (Jan 1991);
University of Munich (Oct 1990);
University of Marburg (June 1991);
Ruhr University of Bochum (June 1993);
University of Potsdam (Feb 1996);
University of Freiburg (June 1996);
Humboldt University of Berlin (Dec 1996);
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig (July 2000, July 2002, Dec

2003).

17

C.N.R.S (Centre National de Recherches Scientifiques), Fédération Typologie et Universaux
Linguistiques, Paris (Feb 2006).

University of Naples (May 2006);
University of Molise, Campobasso (May 2006).

Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen (June 1980, Feb 1981, Mar 1982, Aug
1983, Feb 1984, Oct 1986, Feb 1991);

University of Amsterdam (Feb 1981, May 1982);
Free University of Amsterdam (Jan 1983);
Catholic University of Nijmegen (June 1980, Apr 1983).

University of Copenhagen (May 1995, Nov 1997).

University of Oslo (Sep 1995, Nov 1997).

Stockholm University (Oct 2008).

University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) (Oct 1976, Dec 1976, Jan 1977, Nov 1977,
May 1979, Mar 1981, Nov 1985, Oct 1986, Apr 2002);

University of California, Berkeley (UCB) (May 1995, Nov 1997, Nov 2008);
University of California, San Diego (UCSD) (Apr 1997, Apr 2002);
University of California, Davis (UCD) (Nov 2002, Apr 2006);
Cornell University, Ithaca (Mar 1977);
University of Southern California (USC) (Mar 1977, May 1981, Nov 1981, Sep 1984, Oct

1986, Mar 1993, Nov 1995, Apr 1998, Apr 2006);
University of Texas, Austin (Apr 1981);
Stanford University, Stanford (Nov 1986, Apr 2006);
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) (Mar 1988);
Bell Communications Research (Bellcore), New Jersey (Mar 1988);
University of Delaware (Apr 1992);
University of Washington, Seattle (May 2000).

Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan (Oct 2006).