IEEE Recommended Practice for Cable Installation in Generating Stations and Industrial Facilities

IEEE Std 1185-2019
IEEE Recommended Practice for Cable Installation in Generating Stations and Industrial Facilities

Annex C

(informative)

Conduit-cable pulling chart methodology

C.1  Pull tension calculation

The charts conservatively assume that all conduit bends are located at the end of the pull, as shown in
Figure C.1. Placing bends at the beginning of the pull reduces pulling tension dramatically. The general design
practice of avoiding unnecessary splices may preclude the selection of optimum pulling direction.

Figure C.1—Conduit layout—chart developmenet

The pulling tension, To , at the end of the conduit system (point E) for a horizontal conduit system is shown in
Equation (C.1):

To = L× Wc × g× N × K' × eK ′ × A N (metric)
To = L × Wc × N × K' × eK ′ × A lbf (English) (C.1)

where:

To is the cable tension out of the conduit, N (lbf)

L is the conduit length not including the length of the elbows, m (ft)
A is the sum of the angle of conduit bends, rad
K' is the effective coefficient of friction
Wc is the mass (weight) of the individual cable, kg/m (lbf/ft)

N is the number of cables in the conduit
g is acceleration due to gravity constant (9.8 m/s2)

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IEEE Std 1185-2019
IEEE Recommended Practice for Cable Installation in Generating Stations and Industrial Facilities

For conduits installed vertically or on a slope, correction factors can be applied to actual length, L , instead of
FKDQJLQJ HTXDWLRQV 7KH WHQVLRQ DW SRLQW % IRU WKH YDULRXV FRQGXLW FRQ¿JXUDWLRQV LV DV VKRZQ LQ Equation (C.2):

TB′ = L×Wc ×9.807× N ×K ′ horizontal, NNNNN⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎭⎪⎪⎪⎪⎫⎬⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪ metric
TB′′ = −L×Wc ×9.807× N vertical down,
TB′′′ = L×Wc ×9.807× N vertical up,
slope down,
TB′′′′ = −L×Wc ×9.807× N ×(sinT − K ′×cosT )
slope up,
TB′′′′′ = L×Wc ×9.807× N ×(sinT + K ′×cosT )

(C.2)

TB′ = L×Wc × N ×K ′ horizontal, lbf ⎪⎪⎬⎪⎪⎫⎭⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪ English
TB′′ = −L×Wc × N vertical down, lbf
TB′′′ = L×Wc × N vertical up, lbf
slope down, lbf
TB′′′′ = −L×Wc × N ×(sinT − K ′×cosT )
TB′′′′′ = L×Wc × N ×(sinT + K ′×cosT ) slope up, lbf

where:

T is the angle of the slope in degrees

The correction factor used in Table 10 is the ratio of TBaa / TBa , etc. For K' = 0.5, the correction for vertical
conduit up is 1 K a or 2.0.

The use of eK′×A for horizontal conduit bends is based on Tin > 10×R×Wc × N 7KLV FRQGLWLRQ LV VDWLV¿HG
when using standard elbows for rigid steel conduit, intermediate metal conduit (IMC), and electrical metallic
tubing (EMT) with the bends placed at the end at the pull.

C.2 Maximum allowable tension

Maximum allowable cable tension is the lesser of conductor strength (Tcond ), SWBP ( )Tswbp , or pulling grip

limitations. Pulling grip limitations can be eliminated by stipulating a different attachment method when the
chart’s expected pulling tension exceeds the limit of the grip. Tcond and Tswbp are calculated as shown in
Equation (C.3) and Equation (C.4):

Tcond = 70.5×n′× N ×CMA N (metric) (C.3)
Tcond = 0.008×n′× N ×CMA lbf (English)

where

Tcond is the maximum allowable tension-conductor strength considerations, N (lbf)
Tswbp
na is the maximum allowable tension-SWBP considerations, N (lbf)
N
is the number of conductors in the cable
CMA is the number of cables in the conduit
is the area of the conductor, mm2 (cmil)

Tswbp = SWBP×R N (lbf) (C.4)

where R is the conduit bend radius, m (ft) and SWBP is the sidewall bearing pressure limit on the cable, N/m
(lbf/ft).

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IEEE Std 1185-2019
IEEE Recommended Practice for Cable Installation in Generating Stations and Industrial Facilities

Equation (C.3) is based on a copper conductor and an equal distribution of tension between cables for multiple
cable pulls. For pulls with a large number of cables, the tension may not be distributed equally. Tension
distribution in some of the cables may be 20% to 30% greater than in other cables. Equation (C.3) provides a
100% margin over the yield strength of the conductor. Also, most entries in the chart are SWBP ( Tswbp ) limited
rather than conductor strength ( Tcond ) limited. For these reasons, and to maintain consistency, Equation (C.3)
is not de-rated for unequal tension distribution.

Equation (C.4) is for one cable in a pull. When applied to a multiple cable pull, results are conservative. For a
large number of cables, actual Tswbp may be 2 to 5 times greater than Equation (C.4). See IEEE Committee
Report [B31].

C.3  Lcond, Lswbp

The pulling charts provide the maximum conduit length between pull points. Typical pull points are at the pull
box, conduit bodies, and electrical equipment. The pulling tension out of the conduit, To , varies with conduit
length and degrees of bend. Maximum allowable conduit length, Lcond and Lswbp , can be established by setting

To = Tswbp and To = Tcond

Lcond = K 70.5×n′× N ×CMA m
′×e(K ′×A) ×Wc ×9.807× N
(C.5)
Lcond = 0.008×n′× N ×CMA lbf
K ′×e(K ′×A) ×Wc × N

Lswbp = SWBP × R m
K ′×e(K ′×A) ×Wc ×9.807× N
(C.6)
Lswbp = SWBP× R lbf
K ′×e(K ′×A) ×Wc × N

If it is stipulated that all cables in the conduit have the same number of conductors and the same size conductors,
Lcond is independent of the number of cables in the conduit. A worst-case Lcond , therefore, occurs when strength

to weight ratio (StWt) is a minimum [ StWt n 'u CMA / Wc ]. For the specific range of cable constructions,

the following minimum StWt was calculated:

a) Instrument cable: 1 pair 16 AWG to 12 pair 16 AWG, 2 pair 18 AWG to 12 pair 18 AWG; StWt = 90.6
mm2/kg (81 kcmil/lb)

b) Control cable: Single conductor (1/C) or multiple conductors (2/C, 3/C, 4/C, 5/C, 7/C, 9/C, and 12/C)
in sizes 14 AWG and 12 AWG; StWt = 9.68 mm2/kg (86.53 kcmil/lb)

c) Power cable: 1/C and 3/C in sizes 12 AWG to 750 kcmil; StWt = 146.2 mm2/kg (130.6 kcmil/lb)

In computing Lswbp , N ´Wc is the total weight of cables, W, in the conduit. The maximum number of cables
permitted in a conduit using the NEC cable fill criteria was calculated for each cable construction. Total cable
weight in a conduit, W = N ×Wc , is then compared for each of the different cables to arrive at the maximum
total cable weight for a given size conduit. These cable weights are shown in Table C.1.

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IEEE Std 1185-2019
IEEE Recommended Practice for Cable Installation in Generating Stations and Industrial Facilities

Table C.1—Maximum cable mass (weight) in conduit

Nominal conduit Instrument cable, Control cable, Power cable,
diameter, metric kg/m (lb/ft) kg/m (lb/ft) kg/m (lb/ft)
designator (English

trade size)

21 (3/4) 0.27 (0.18) 0.37 (0.22) 0.56 (0.38)

27 (1) 0.52 (0.35) 0.58 (0.39) 1.07 (0.72)

41 (1-1/2) 1.16 (0.78) 1.29 (0.87) 3.70 (2.5)

53 (2) 1.88 (1.26) 2.17 (1.46) 4.30 (2.88)

63 (2-1/2) 2.75 (1.86) 3.10 (2.08) 5.58 (3.75)

78 (3) 4.10 (2.88) 4.72 (3.22) 10.0 (6.72)

91 (3-1/2) 5.71 (3.84) 6.41 (4.31) 12.86 (8.64)

103 (4) 7.32 (4.92) 8.26 (5.55) 17.50 (11.76)

129 (5) 11.52 (7.74) 13.00 (8.74) 27.50 (18.48)

155 (6) 16.70 (11.22) 18.78 (12.62) 40.92 (27.5)

C.4  Maximum effective conduit length

The maximum effective conduit length shown in the conduit-cable pulling charts is the smaller of Lcond or
Lswbp . Because Lswbp varies with conduit radius, separate lengths are calculated for different size conduits.

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IEEE Std 1185-2019
IEEE Recommended Practice for Cable Installation in Generating Stations and Industrial Facilities

Annex D

(informative)

Conduit-cable pulling chart bend correction factor

The conduit-cable pulling charts are based on the conduit bends being located at the end of the cable pull. This
results in conservative values. If the conduit bends are distributed throughout the conduit section, as is typical,
then the maximum effective conduit length shown in the charts could be increased.
One approach, which takes into consideration conduit bends distributed throughout the conduit, is the use
of bend correction (BendCorr) factors. This is not the preferred approach, as discussed in 7.4, but may be
convenient in some cases.
BendCorr factors were developed for five specific conduit configurations. Figure D.1 illustrates these five
conduit layout configurations: I, II, III, IV, and V. BendCorr factors are taken from Table D.1 or Table D.2
after calculating the ratios L1/L, L2/L, and L3/L for the installed conduit system. The user then selects the
configuration best matching the installed conduit system. The maximum effective conduit length shown in the
conduit-cable pulling charts is increased by dividing the maximum effective conduit length by the BendCorr
value shown in Table D.1 or Table D.2.

Figure D.1—Conduit layout―BendCorr factor
This method can be used only if the conduit bends divide evenly into the A1, A2, and A3 set of angles. Example
B.3 illustrates the use of the BendCorr method.

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IEEE Std 1185-2019
IEEE Recommended Practice for Cable Installation in Generating Stations and Industrial Facilities

Configuration Table D.1—BendCorr adjustment factor— K ¢ = 0.5 Layout
I Total degrees (A) of conduit bend
L1 = 0,
II 45° 90° 180° 270° 315° 360° L2 = L3≡L/2
III 0.82 0.68 0.47 0.33 0.28 0.24
L1 = L2 = L3≡L/3
IV 0.88 0.79 0.65 0.55 0.52 0.49
0.88 0.80 0.68 0.60 0.58 0.56 L2 = 0,
V L1 = L3≡L/2
0.94 0.88 0.80 0.73 0.70 0.68
L3 = 0,
111111 L1 = L2≡L/2

A1 + A2 + A3 = A (total degrees of bend) L2 = L3 = 0,
L1 = L

Configuration Table D.2—BendCorr adjustment factor— K ¢ = 0.3 Layout
I Total degrees (A) of conduit bend
L1 = 0,
II 45° 90° 180° 270° 315° 360° L2 = L3≡L/2
III 0.89 0.79 0.63 0.51 0.46 0.41
L1 = L2 = L3≡L/3
IV 0.93 0.86 0.75 0.67 0.64 0.61
0.93 0.87 0.77 0.69 0.67 0.64 L2 = 0,
V L1 = L3≡L/2
0.96 0.93 0.87 0.81 0.79 0.77
L3 = 0,
111111 L1 = L2≡L/2

A1 + A2 + A3 = A (total degrees of bend) L2 = L3 = 0,
L1 = L

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IEEE Std 1185-2019
IEEE Recommended Practice for Cable Installation in Generating Stations and Industrial Facilities

Annex E

(informative)

Glossary

For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. These and other terms used in
this IEEE standard are found in The IEEE Standards Dictionary Online.14

anchor: A device that serves as a reliable support to hold an object in place.

AWG: American Wire Gauge designation for conductor sizes used primarily in North America. The AWG
number is inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area of the conductor.

basket grip: A flexible woven device designed to permit the pulling of cables without the need of eyes, link,
also can be permanently installed to help prevent cable from slipping. Syn: Chinese finger, kellems grip,
grips, woven grip, etc.

break link: A weak section of rope connected between the cable pulling attachment and the pull rope that is
intended to break when the pulling tension exceeds a certain limit.

cable: An assembly of electrical conductors insulated from each other and configured to form a common
group: a general term to describe large size electrical wires.

cable insulation: Dielectric material (natural or synethic rubber, plastic, oil-soaked paper, etc.). Cross-linked
polyethylene, ethylene propyl rubber, PVC, and Teflon are examples.

cable jacket: The outside layer of a cable made up of a material selected to provide good abrasive resistance
and mechanical/physical protection for cable insulation.

cable jamming ratio: The ratio of conduit inside diameter (D) to cable outside diameter (d) that could result
in the cable wedging or jamming in the conduit during the cable pull.

cable-mandrel: A special case of a test-mandrel for verification that the cables to be pulled can safely pass
through the duct/conduit system. This type of mandrel is made by cutting a length(s) of the cable to be installed
and fitting each end with a pulling eye. The ability of the cable-mandrel to pass through the system and the
physical condition of the cable-mandrel after such passage will indicate if the full-length cables can be pulled
safely. A cable-mandrel is normally at least 4 ft (1.3 m) in length.

cable pullback: The pulling of one or more cables out of a conduit system for the intended purpose of re-
pulling the cables into the same conduit.

cable pullby: The pulling of cable(s) into a conduit that already contains one or more cables.

cable rack: Device used to support cables - particularly in manholes, sometimes called hangers

cable training: Act of placing the cable or its conductors into their final position prior to splicing or terminating

cable slack: Amount of cable left after the cable pulling and installation has ended.

cable tie: A type of fastener for holding electrical cables or wires (also known as a wire tie, hose tie, steggel tie,
tie wrap, zap strap, or zip tie, and by various brand names).

14IEEE Standards Dictionary Online is available at: http://d​ ictionary​.ieee.​ org. An IEEE Account is required for access to the dictionary,
and one can be created at no charge on the dictionary sign-in page.

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IEEE Std 1185-2019
IEEE Recommended Practice for Cable Installation in Generating Stations and Industrial Facilities

capstan: A machine for winding wire or rope around a mounted drum.

circular mil (cmil): The area of a circle whose diameter is one mil (one mil is one-thousandth of an inch).

( )1 cmil = 7.854×10−7 in2 5.067×10−4 mm2

come along: A wire grip for holding conductors under tension and a device for pulling multiple cables
simultaneously.

conduit: The raceway used to contain the cable, which may be made of steel, PVC, fiberglass, polyethylene,
etc. Syn: duct.

control cable: Cable used in a control function application, for example, interconnection of control switches,
indicating lights, relays, or solenoids. Generally the cable construction is 600 V or 1000 V, single or multiple
conductors, typically in wire sizes 14 AWG or 12 AWG.

dynamometer: A meter utilized for measuring pulling tension.

end seal: Seal that is made on the ends of the cable to help prevent moisture from entering the cable. Syn: end
cap.

feed tube: Flexible tube that is used to guide cable from the payoff reel into conduit or duct. Syn: pulling tube.

fish tape: Narrow flat or round spring rod used for rodding ducts and conduits. Syn: fish wire, snake.

galloping: The stopping and sudden surging of cable during high-tension pulls when excessive pull rope
stretching occurs.

gas detector: An instrument that detects harmful atmospheres. Syn: sniffer.

high pot testing: To apply a high potential either ac or dc to electrical equipment or cable normally done
during insulation testing.

instrument cable: Cable used for instrument applications where the cable construction is generally 300 V
(but may be 600 V), twisted pairs or triads, in wire sizes 16 AWG, 18 AWG, or smaller. For the purposes of
this document, coaxial, tri-axial, fiber optic, telephone, data communication, and other specialty cables are not
considered instrument cable.

jacks: Portable stands used to hold or elevate cable reels for rotation during installation.

lagging: Protective material put around outside of cable on a reel to protect its contents, usually wood slats.

low voltage power cable: Cable designed to supply power to utilization devices of the plant auxiliary system,
operated at 600 V to 2000 V in sizes ranging from 14 AWG to 2000 kcmil.

lubricant: Any material applied on the cable or into a conduit to reduce friction and hence tension during
cable pulling operations.

luff: Pulling additional cable out of the conduit, using a split grip or mare’s tail, to be used to facilitate
terminating, racking, etc.

mandrel: Cylindrical tool designed for either cleaning and boring or testing a conduit or duct by pulling
through the conduit or duct with the rodding device or rope to remove obstructions or prove that there are no
obstructions.

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medium voltage power cable: Cable designed to supply power to utilization devices of the plant auxiliary
system, having voltage ratings above 2000 V in sizes ranging from 8 AWG to 2000 kcmil.

MCM: Thousand circular mils. This English term has been replaced by kcmil and is no longer used.

power cable: Cable used to supply power to plant auxiliary system devices. The classifications for power
cable are: low voltage and medium voltage.

proof-mandrel: See: test-mandrel.

pulling eye: A metal device used to attach the conductors of a cable in order to facilitate cable pulling.

pull line: Large high strength synthetic fiber or manila rope for pulling cable through ducts or conduits.

pull rope: A rope, attached to the cable that is used to pull the cable through the conduit system. Syn: bull
rope, fish tape, pull line

pulling wire: A line that is left in a duct or conduit to attach either a heavier rope or an insulated wire to at a
future time. Syn: tag line.

raceway: Any channel designed for supporting and conveying wire, cable, or bus bars. Raceway consists
primarily of but is not limited to tray, conduit, wire ways, ducts, and duct banks.

reel: A spool made of either metal or wood upon which either cable or wire is wound around.

rods: Connectable lengths of either plastic or wood material used to establish a connection through ducts
between two distant points for the purpose of cleaning, measuring, and inserting pulling wires.

sidewall pressure: The pressure against the side wall of a bend in a duct exerted by the cable being pulled
through the duct. Syn: Sidewall bearing pressure.

slack puller: A grip put around cable to pull extra length into the structure for racking and splicing purposes.

specialty cables: A classification of cable types that includes, but is not limited to, category/communication
data cable, coaxial cable, triaxial cable, twin-axial cable, Ethernet cable, telephone cable, data communication
cable, etc.

swivel link: A device designed to spin to relieve the torsional forces that build up in the line under tension.

test-mandrel: Cylindrical tubes of lengths from 0.3 m to 1 m (1 ft to 4 ft). Such mandrels, also known as
proof-mandrels, are commonly made of wood, plastic, or painted steel. Mandrels are evaluated for scratches
or other signs of external distress following their use. The shorter length test-mandrels are typically used when
evaluating conduit/duct systems of tighter radius bends. Test-mandrels typically have a diameter 6 mm (1/4 in)
less than the nominal inside duct diameter.

Type AC, Armored Cable: A fabricated assembly of insulated conductors in a flexible interlocked metallic
armor.

Type MC, Metal Clad Cable: A factory assembly of one or more insulated circuit conductors with or without
optical fiber members enclosed in an armor of interlocking metal tape, or a smooth or corrugated metallic
sheath.

wire ways: Sheet metal troughs with hinged or removable covers for routing and protecting wires and cables.

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IEEE Std 1185-2019
IEEE Recommended Practice for Cable Installation in Generating Stations and Industrial Facilities

Annex F

(informative)

Example of a cable pulling calculation

The raceway configuration (Figure F.1) begins in a vertically down conduit, which is 1.7 m (5 ft, 7 in) long
before a 90° bend where the conduit goes horizontal. The horizontal portion of the conduit runs straight for
38.1 m (125 ft) before there is a 25° horizontal offset bend to avoid an obstacle. The conduit continues 12.5 m
(41 ft) prior to a 65° horizontal offset bend. Next, the conduit runs 30.2 m (99 ft) before a horizontal to vertical
90° bend. The vertical conduit is 1.7 m (5 ft, 7 in) where the cable exits at the end device.

Figure F.1—Example for calculating cable pulling tensions

Input data for the cable pulling calculation includes the following:
— Three 1/C - 250 kcmil insulated phase conductors and one # 4 AWG insulated ground
— 250 kcmil cable is 1.39 lb/ft with an OD = 1.238 in
— 1.39 lb/ft × 1.49 kg/m per lb/ft = 2.07 kg/m
— 1.238 in × 25.4 mm/in = 31.445 mm
— #4 AWG is 0.12 lb/ft with an OD = 0.330 in
— 0.12 lb/ft × 1.49 kg/m per lb/ft = 0.1788 kg/m≈0.18 kg/m
— 0.330 in × 25.4 mm/in = 8.382 mm
— 4-in conduit with an ID = 3.786 in is installed with 36-in bend radius
— 3.786 in × 25.4 mm/in = 96.1644 mm
— 36 in × 25.4 mm/in = 914.4 mm
— Assume coefficient of friction = 0.3

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— Wc = 1.4 can be used when multiple cables or differing sizes are pulled together
— LA-B = LE-F = 5 ft 7 in = 5.583’ (67 in); [67 in × 25.4 mm/in = 1701.8 mm = 1.7 m]
— LB-C = 125 ft; [125 ft × 0.3048 m/ft = 38.1 m]
— LC-D = 41 ft; [41 ft × 0.3048 m/ft = 12.5 m]
— LD-E = 99 ft; [99 ft × 0.3048 m/ft = 30.2 m]
— Weight of Cable:

— (metric) Wt = (3 × 2.07 kg/m) + 0.18 kg/m = 6.39 kg/m
— (English) Wt = 3 × 1.39 lb/ft + 0.12 lb/ft = 4.29 lb/ft

First segment calculating the pulling tension from A to B in Metric units:

For downward pull using Equation (14) and Equation (6) downward with K0 replaced by K ' in Equation (6):

K ' K0 uWc

T1 Wt u g u LA-B u ª¬ K 'cosD sinD ¼º Tp

where:

T1 is the tension of pull for first segment, N
LA-B is the length of first conduit section, 1.7 m
Wt is the weight of cable per unit length, 6.39 kg/m
Wc is the weight correction factor = 1.4
K0 is 0.3 (assumed)
Tp is the tension from prior segment = 0 for first segment

α is the angle in degrees of pull from the horizontal = 90°
g is 9.8 m/s2

thus:

T1 Wt u g u LA-B u ª¬ K0 uWc u cosD sin D ¼º Tp
T1 6.39 kg/m u 9.8 m/s2 u1.7 m ª¬ 0.3u1.4 u cos 90 sin 90¼º 0
T1 106.46u>0 1@ | 106.5 N

The minus sign indicates that the pull is in the direction with gravity, and therefore the expected pulling tension
for the first segment is 106.5 N.

First segment calculating the pulling tension from A to B in English units:

For downward pull using Equation (14) and Equation (6) downward with K0 replaced by K ' in Equation (6):

K ' K0 uWc

T1 Wt u LA-B u ª¬ K 'cosD sinD ¼º Tp

where:

T1 is the tension of pull for first segment, lbf
LA-B is the length of first conduit section, ft = 5’-7” = 5.583 ft
Wt is the weight of cable per unit length, lb/ft = 3×1.39 + 0.12 = 4.29 lb/ft

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IEEE Std 1185-2019
IEEE Recommended Practice for Cable Installation in Generating Stations and Industrial Facilities

Wc is the weight correction factor = 1.4
K0 is 0.3 (assumed)
Tp is the tension from prior segment = 0 for first segment
is the angle in degrees of pull from the horizontal = 90°
α

thus:

T1 Wt u LA-B u ª¬ K0 uWc u cosD sin D ¼º Tp
T1 4.29u 5.583 ¬ª 0.3u1.4u cos 90 sin 90¼º 0
T1 23.95u>0 1@ 23.95 lbf

The minus sign indicates that the pull is in the direction with gravity, and therefore the expected pulling tension
for the first segment is 23.95 lbf.

Second segment calculating the pulling tension from before the 90° bend to the horizontal B in Metric
units:

For a pull around a bend use Equation (7):

T2 T1 eK 'V

where:

T2 is the tension of pull for second segment, N
T1 is the tension from previous segment of the pull = 106.5 N
K ' is calculated by K0 uWc 0.3 u 1.4 0.42
σ is the angle in radians of the bend to the horizontal where 1° = 0.01745 rad

T2 106.5 u e0.42u0.01745u90

T2 106.5 u e0.65961 106.5u 1.934 205.97 | 206 N

Second segment calculating the pulling tension from before the 90° bend to the horizontal B in English
units:

For a pull around a bend use Equation (7):

T2 T1 eK 'V

where:

T2 is the tension of pull for second segment, lbf
T1 is the tension from previous segment of the pull = 23.95 lbf
K ' is calculated by K0 uWc 0.3 u 1.4 0.42
σ is the angle in radians of the bend to the horizontal where 1° = 0.01745 rad

T2 23.95 u e0.42u0.01745u90

T2 23.95 u e0.65961 23.95u 1.934 46.3 lbf

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IEEE Std 1185-2019
IEEE Recommended Practice for Cable Installation in Generating Stations and Industrial Facilities

Third segment from B to C along horizontal run in Metric units:
From Equation (14) and Equation (5):

K ' K0 uWc

T3 LB-C uWt u K 'u g T2

where:
T3 is the tension and the end of pull for third segment, N
LB-C is the length of third conduit section, m = 38.1 m
Wt is the weight of cable per unit length, kg/m = 6.39 kg/m
Wc is the weight correction factor = 1.4
K0 is 0.3 (assumed)
T2 is the tension from previous segment of the pull = 206 N
T3 (LB-C î Wt î K0 î Wc î g) = T2

T3 38.1u 6.39u 0.3u1.4u 9.8 206 1208.1 N in the horizontal direction

Third segment from B to C along horizontal run in English units:
From Equation (14) and Equation (5):

K ' K0 uWc

T3 LB-C uWt u K ' T2

where:
T3 is the tension and the end of pull for third segment, lbf
LB-C is the length of third conduit section = 125 ft
Wt is the weight of cable per unit length = 4.29 lbf/ft
Wc is the weight correction factor = 1.4
K0 is 0.3 (assumed)
T2 is the tension from previous segment of the pull = 46.3 lbf

T3 LB-C uWt u K0 uWc T2 125u 4.29 u 0.3u1.4 46.3 271.5 lbf in the horizontal direction

112

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IEEE Std 1185-2019
IEEE Recommended Practice for Cable Installation in Generating Stations and Industrial Facilities

Fourth segment calculating the pulling tension coming out of the second bend at C in Metric units:

Using Equation (7):

T4 T3 eK 'V

where:

T4 is the tension of pull for fourth segment, N
T3 is the tension from previous segment of the pull = 1208.1 N
K ' is calculated by K0 uWc 0.3 u 1.4 0.42
σ is the angle in radians of the bend to the horizontal where 1° = 0.01745 rad

T4 1208.1 u e0.42u0.01745u25

T4 1208.1 u e0.183225 1208.1u 1.20108 1451.0 N

Fourth segment calculating the pulling tension coming out of the second bend at C in English units:

Using Equation (7):

T4 T3 eK 'V

where:

T4 is the tension of pull for fourth segment, lbf
T3 is the tension from previous segment of the pull = 271.5 lbf
K ' is calculated by K0 uWc 0.3 u 1.4 0.42
σ is the angle in radians of the bend to the horizontal where 1° = 0.01745 rad

T4 271.5 u e0.42u0.01745u25

T4 271.5 u e0.183225 271.5u 1.20108 326.1 lbf

Fifth segment calculating the pulling tension from C to D along a horizontal run in Metric units:

From Equation (14) and Equation (5):

K ' K0 uWc

T5 LC-D uWt u K cu g T4

where:

T5 is the tension and the end of pull for fifth segment, N
LC-D is the length of third conduit section, ft = 12.5 m
Wt is the weight of cable per unit length, 6.39 kg/m
Wc is the weight correction factor = 1.4
K0 is 0.3 (assumed)
T4 is the tension from previous segment of the pull = 1451.0 N

T5 LC-D uWt u K0 uWc u g T4 12.5u 6.39 u 0.3u1.4 u 9.8 1451.0 1779.8 N in the horizontal direction

113

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IEEE Std 1185-2019
IEEE Recommended Practice for Cable Installation in Generating Stations and Industrial Facilities

Fifth segment calculating the pulling tension from C to D along a horizontal run in English units:

From Equation (14) and Equation (5):

K ' K0 uWc

T5 LC-D uWt u K c T4

where:

T5 is the tension and the end of pull for fifth segment, lbf
LC-D is the length of third conduit section, ft = 41’
Wt is the weight of cable per unit length, 4.29 lbf/ft
Wc is the weight correction factor = 1.4
K0 is 0.3 (assumed)
T4 is the tension from previous segment of the pull = 326.1 lbf

T5 LC-D uWt u K0 uWc T4 41u 4.29 u 0.3u1.4 326.1 400.0 lbf in the horizontal direction

Sixth segment calculating the pulling tension coming out of the third bend at D in Metric units:

Using Equation (7):

T6 T5 eK 'V

where:

T6 is the tension of pull for sixth segment, N
T5 is the tension from previous segment of the pull = 1779.8 N
K ' is calculated by K0 uWc 0.3 u 1.4 0.42
σ is the angle in radians of the bend to the horizontal where 1° = 0.01745 rad

T6 1779.8 u e0.42u0.01745u65

T6 1779.8 u e0.476385 1779.8u 1.61024 2865.9 N

Sixth segment calculating the pulling tension coming out of the third bend at D in English units:

Using Equation (7):

T6 T5 eK 'V

where:

T6 is the tension of pull for sixth segment, lbf
T5 is the tension from previous segment of the pull = 400.0 lbf
K ' is calculated by K0 uWc 0.3 u 1.4 0.42
σ is the angle in radians of the bend to the horizontal where 1° = 0.01745 rad

T6 400.0 u e0.42u0.01745u65

T6 400.0 u e0.476385 400.0 u 1.61024 644.1 lbf

114

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IEEE Std 1185-2019
IEEE Recommended Practice for Cable Installation in Generating Stations and Industrial Facilities

Seventh segment calculating the pulling tension from D to E along a horizontal run in Metric units:

From Equation (14) and Equation (5):

K ' K0 uWc

T7 LD-E uWt u K cu g T6

where:

T7 is the tension and the end of pull for seventh segment, N
LD-E is the length of third conduit section, ft = 30.2 m
Wt is the weight of cable per unit length, 6.39 kg/m
Wc is the weight correction factor = 1.4
K0 is 0.3 (assumed)
T6 is the tension from previous segment of the pull = 2865.9 N

T7 LD-E uWt u K0 uWc u g T6 30.2 u 6.39 u 0.3u1.4 u 9.8 2865.9 3660.2 N in the horizontal direction

Seventh segment calculating the pulling tension from D to E along a horizontal run in English units:

From Equation (14) and Equation (5):

K ' K0 uWc

T7 LD-E uWt u K c T6

where:

T7 is the tension and the end of pull for seventh segment, lbf
L D-E is the length of third conduit section, ft = 99 ft
Wt is the weight of cable per unit length, 4.29 lbf/ft
Wc is the weight correction factor = 1.4
K0 is 0.3 (assumed)
T6 is the tension from previous segment of the pull = 644.1 lbf

T7 LD-E uWt u K0 uWc T6 99 u 4.29 u 0.3u1.4 644.1 178.38 644.1 822.5 lbf in the horizontal direction

Eighth segment calculating the pulling tension coming out of the fourth bend at E in Metric units:

Using Equation (7):

T8 T7 eK 'V

where:

T8 is the tension of pull for eight segment, N
T7 is the tension from previous segment of the pull = 3660.2 N
K ' is calculated by K0 uWc 0.3 u 1.4 0.42
σ is the angle in radians of the bend to the horizontal where 1° = 0.01745 rad

T8 3660.2 u e0.42u0.01745u90

T8 3660.2 u e0.65961 3660.2 u 1.9340 7078.8 N

115

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IEEE Std 1185-2019
IEEE Recommended Practice for Cable Installation in Generating Stations and Industrial Facilities

Eighth segment calculating the pulling tension coming out of the fourth bend at E in English units:
Using Equation (7):

T8 T7 eK 'V
where:

T8 is the tension of pull for eight segment, lbf
T7 is the tension from previous segment of the pull = 822.5 lbf
K ' is calculated by K0 uWc 0.3 u 1.4 0.42
V is the angle in radians of the bend to the horizontal where 1° = 0.01745 rad
T8 822.5 u e0.42u0.01745u90

T8 822.5 u e0.65961 822.5u 1.9340 1590.7 lbf

Ninth segment calculating the pulling tension from E to F in Metric units:
For upward pull using from Equation (14) and Equation (6a):

K ' K0 uWc

T9 Wt u g u LE-F u ¬ª K c cosD sin D º¼ T8

where:
T9 is the tension of pull for ninth segment, N
LE-F is the length of ninth conduit section, 1.7 m
Wt is the weight of cable per unit length, 6.39 kg/m
Wc is the weight correction factor = 1.4
K0 is 0.3 (assumed)
T8 is the tension from prior segment = 7078.8 N for eight segment
D is the angle in degrees of pull from the horizontal = 90°

thus:

T9 Wt u g u LE-F u ª¬ K 'cosD sin D ¼º T8
T9 6.39u 9.8u1.7 u ¬ª 0.3u1.4u cos 90 sin 90º¼ 7078.8 N
T9 106.45u>0 1@ 7078.8 7185.3 N

T9 | 7185 N

116

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