Handbook-of-Technical-Writing-9th-Edition

618 Index

style manuals, 3, 131, 153, 515, 545 subordinate clauses, 70. See also
Stylebook and Briefing on Media Law dependent clauses

(Associated Press), 515 subordinating conjunctions
stylistic use, in sentence construction, for connecting clauses, 71, 96
list of common, 96
501 in sentence fragments, 504
subheadings, 284. See also headings for subordination, 516
subject (of document), introducing, 280
subject (of sentence), 499–500. See also subordination, 516–17
in abstracts, 9
subject-verb agreement avoiding overlapping, 517
active voice for highlighting, 558 awkwardness and, 44
compound, 500 clarity and, 68
ESL tips for, 499, 502 for comma splices, 77
gerunds as, 546 for conciseness, 91
nouns as, 349 effective use of, 70
position of, 499 faulty, 503
problems with missing, 503, 504 in formal writing, 514
subject dictionaries, 125 for garbled sentences, 225
subject directories, 465 for loaded sentences, 502
subject lines for run-on sentences, 490
capitalization in, 61, 110 for sentence variety, 505, 506, 507,
for e-mail and memos, 110, 163, 530 516
for test reports, 527 vs. using parentheses, 373
for trip reports, 539
for trouble reports, 541 subscription newsletters, 344–45
subject-verb agreement, 24–27, 499, substantives, 500
such / so / so that, 509
551. See also agreement such as, in sentence fragments, 505
abstract nouns and, 26 suffixes, 246, 517
with collective nouns, 26, 350 summaries
compound subjects and, 26–27
indefinite pronouns and, 25, 409 career, 483
with intervening words and phrases, in conclusions, 93, 94
executive, 181
24, 25 meeting minutes, 332
inverted word order and, 25 for note-taking, 445
with measurement subjects, 25 opening with, 278
relative pronouns and, 25, 26 for transitions, 537
special problem words, 26 summarizing statements, dashes before,
subjective complements and, 25
titles of works and, 26 114
with word number, 25–26 summary list, in manuals, 316
subject-verb-object pattern, 499, superlative form

501–2, 518 of adjectives, 14
subjective case, 63–64, 407–8 of adverbs, 20–21
subjective complements, 89 supplement / augment, 43
surveys. See also questionnaires
adjectives as, 15 in investigative reports, 283
gerunds as, 546 online, 438
nouns as, 350 questionnaires, 437–43
pronouns as, 63–64 for research, 459
subject-verb agreement with, 25 for usability testing, 545
subjunctive mood, 337–38

Index 619

sweeping generalizations, 312 in manuals, 316, 317
symbols in proposals, 413
in white papers, 566
in flowcharts, 192–94 word choice and, 569
functions of, 555 technical writing style, 513, 521–22.
for global communication, 230, 231
for graphs, 239, 240 See also IEEE documentation;
in instructions, 263 style; writing style
keys for, 556 active voice for, 557–58
list of, in reports, 198 ethics in writing and, 178–79, 521
for manuals, 318, 319 exposition for, 182
proofreader’s marks, 410 teleconferences, 495–96
in tables, 519 telegraphic style, 522–23
synonyms, 518 caution with, 91, 104
coordinated, 91 eliminating articles, 41
for defining terms, 116 in instructions, 259
in dictionaries, 123, 518 telephone calls, 495–96
in thesaurus, 529 interviewing for information by, 272
word choice and, 569 television programs
vs. word repetition, 453–54 documenting, 136, 141, 148
syntax, 518 titles of, 283, 444, 531
templates
tables, 519–21. See also visuals for letters, 301
for comparisons, 85, 87 for style and format, 200
elements of, 519–21 “Ten Tips on Writing White Papers”
functions of, 554 (Barefoot), 565
vs. graphs, 235, 239, 519 tenant / tenet, 523
informal, 521 tense, 523–26, 551
list of, 197, 557 avoiding shifts in, 526, 551
numbering, 197, 355, 519 ESL tips for, 172, 526
screening (shading) in, 299 helping verbs and, 550
for trade journal articles, 536 for infinitives, 547
in narratives, 339
tables of contents, 519 present perfect, 172
decimal headings in, 244 present progressive, 172
for FAQs, 184 territorial person, in meetings, 327
in formal reports, 196, 197, 204, 218 test reports, 293, 459, 527
parallel structure for, 371 sample of, 528
placement of, 519 testing. See usability testing
in proposals, 419 text, in formal reports, 198
for white papers, 566 than / as, and pronoun case, 64, 65
that
team writing. See collaborative writing dual function of, 406
Technical Communication, 533 with indirect quotations, 443, 445
technical manuals. See manuals one of those . . . , 357–58
technical terminology for restrictive clauses, 471
that / those
affectation and, 22 as demonstrative adjectives, 13, 406
audience and, 522 number agreement with, 13, 25, 26,
defining for readers, 175, 281 28
in glossaries, 233
in instructions, 259, 263
jargon, 285

620 Index

that / where, 564 special cases, 532
that / which / who, 26, 527–29 subject-verb agreement with, 26
the, 13, 41 to
there, as expletive, 182, 499, 529 in prepositional phrases, 382
there / their / they’re, 529 as sign of infinitive, 382, 547–48,
thesaurus, 518, 529
they / them / their / theirs, 376, 406 550
third person, 376 to / too / two, 532
tone, 532–33
antecedents and, 409
in narratives, 339 in abstracts, 7
point of view, 385 for adjustment letters, 16
this / these building goodwill with, 104–5
as demonstrative adjectives, 13, 406 for complaint letters, 87
number agreement with, 13, 28–29 context and, 99
pronoun references with, 405 for correspondence, 104–5
thought-provoking statement, in for newsletters, 341, 345
for refusal letters, 451
conclusions, 95 style and, 513
thumbnails, in page design, 300 in technical writing, 521
time of titles, 529, 533
for trouble reports, 542
in global communication, 269, 270 “you” viewpoint, 575
numbers for, 354 topic outlines, 363, 369
time periods, capitalization of, 61 topic sentences, 38, 368
title page in abstracts, 8
in formal reports, 196–97, 202 paragraph unity and, 370
in proposals, 419 placement of, 368
titles, 529–32. See also names and topics
in headers or footers, 241, 298
titles; titles of works and headings for highlighting, 242,
documents
titles of works and documents, 529–32 244
articles in, 41, 61, 530 trade journal articles, 533–37. See also
capitalization of, 41, 61, 95, 391,
530 articles in periodicals
colons in, 75 abstracts for, 7
coordinating conjunctions in, 61, 95, gathering data, 534–35
530 literature reviews in, 311
formatting, 530–32 obtaining publication clearance for,
in headers or footers, 241, 298
importance of, 529 537
italics for, 283–84, 531 online databases and indexes for,
memos, e-mails, and Internet
postings, 530 461–62
newsletter articles, 343 organizing draft, 535
prepositions in, 61, 391, 530 planning for, 534
question marks in, 436 preparing manuscript, 536–37
quotation marks for, 284, 444, 531 sections and elements of, 535–36
reports and long documents, 197, style format for, 536–37
202, 529–30 trade journals, job listings in, 290
as rhetorical question, 490, 530 train names, 284
setting tone with, 529, 533 training manuals, 315–16
training requirements, in proposals,

421, 429

transitions, 537–39 Index 621
between paragraphs, 538–39
between sentences, 538 unabridged dictionaries, 124
clarity and, 68 underlining
coherence and, 72
commas with, 79 for emphasis, 169
conjunctions as, 95 for italics, 283
eliminating in telegraphic style, 522 uninterested / disinterested, 126
enumeration for, 370, 537, 538 unique / perfect / equal, 176–77
for garbled sentences, 225 unity, 543
methods of, 537–38 clarity and, 68
in narratives, 339 in paragraphs, 370
outlining and, 363 revising for, 488
for paragraph coherence, 370 transitions and, 539, 543
in presentations, 395 unpublished data, documenting, 136
in process explanations, 401 unsolicited proposals, 414
for quotations, 447 up, 391, 543
repeating keywords, 453, 537, 538 upon / on / onto, 357
revising for, 488, 539 uppercase letters. See all-capital letters
semicolons with, 497 us / our / ours, 376, 406
unity and, 543 usability engineering, 543n
for Web writing, 571 usability testing, 543–45
words and phrases for, 537–38 for forms, 220
for global graphics, 232
transitive verbs, 293, 356, 549 for instructions, 263
transmittals, 111. See also cover letters main goals of, 544
transparencies, overhead, 396 for manuals, 318
trip reports, 539–40 methods for, 544–45
for Web design, 562, 563
chronological order for, 68 usage, 545
sample of, 540 clarity and, 70
scope of, 493 dictionaries on, 123
trouble reports, 541–42 grammar and, 234–35
chronological order for, 68, 331 Web resources for, 545
ethics in writing for, 542 user-centered design (UCD), 543n
samples of, 69, 541–42 user manuals, 315
try to, 542 user testing, 544
tutorials, 315 utilize, 545
Twain, Mark, 568
two / to / too, 532 vague words, 70, 546
type / sort / kind, 13–14, 29 clichés as, 71
typographical errors, checking for, 489 as gobbledygook, 233
typography, 296–98. See also impreciseness of, 568

highlighting devices vendor description, in proposals, 431,
for brochures, 57 457
for electronic résumés, 487
for e-mail, 163–64 vendor qualifications, in requests for
for emphasis, 297–98 proposals, 457–58
for presentations, 297, 398
typeface and type size, 296–97 verb tense. See tense
in Web design, 563, 572 verbals, 546–48

ESL tips for, 171
gerunds, 546–47
infinitives, 547–48

622 Index ethical considerations, 153, 155,
236, 380, 395, 553, 556
verbals (continued)
as nonfinite verbs, 550 in executive summaries, 181
participles, 548 flowcharts, 192–94, 555
in sentence fragments, 504 for global communication, 230–32,

verbs, 549–52. See also mood; subject- 260
verb agreement; tense; voice graphs, 235–40, 554–55
guidelines for selecting, 554–55
adding up to, 543 icons, 299–300
adjectival forms, 15 indexing, 251
agreement with subject, 24–27, 550, for instructions, 258, 260
integrating with text, 553–56
551 labels and captions for, 122, 157,
conjugation of, 552
converting into adjectives, 505 300, 379
ESL tips for, 502 layout and design for, 299–300
finite and nonfinite, 550 list of figures and tables, 197, 419,
forms of, 550
intransitive, 293, 549–50 557
linking, 549–50 for manuals, 316, 318
for manuals, 317–18 maps, 319–20, 554
mood of, 336–38 for newsletters, 155, 240, 299, 343,
phrases as, 380, 383
plurals of, 351–52 345
as predicates, 500 numbering, 197, 355, 379, 519
with prepositions, 390 organizational charts, 362, 555
problems with missing, 504 outlining and, 154, 361–62, 364
properties of, 550–52 photographs, 377–80, 554
tense of, 523–26 for presentations, 395–98
transitive, 293, 356, 549 references to, 6
types of, 549–50 in spatial descriptions, 510
using simple and direct, 317–18 symbols and icons, 555
voice of, 557–60 tables, 519–21, 554
weak, 346 in technical writing, 522
very, 552 in trade journal articles, 536, 537
via, 552 types of, 553
videoconferencing, 496 for Web design, 563, 571
videos, documenting, 135, 141, 148 for white papers, 566
viruses writer’s checklist for, 556–57
in e-mail, 164 voice, 552, 557–60. See also active
in instant messaging, 258
visual logic, in page design, 298 voice; passive voice
visuals, 552–57 active voice, 558–59
in appendixes, 35 avoiding shifts in, 551
boxes for, 300 ESL tips for, 560
in brochures, 56 helping verbs and, 550
for description, 122 passive voice, 559–60
in dictionaries, 123 in presentations, 400, 401
documenting and copyright of, 136, voice mail, 496

149, 153, 155, 380, 395, 520, wait for / wait on, 561
556 warnings
drawings, 154–58, 554
exclamation marks for, 181

Index 623

in instructions, 260–63 for maps, 320
italics for, 298 for memos, 329
in manuals, 319 occupational resources, 291
sample of, 262 online surveys, 438
we for prepositional idioms, 248
in technical writing, 385–86 for presentation slides, 396
us / our / ours, 376, 406 for punctuation, 434
weak verbs, 346. See also for requests for proposals, 458
for résumés, 481
nominalizations; voice for salary information, 492
Web addresses, 246, 509 for sales proposals, 421
Web content-management systems, 97 for sending e-mail attachments, 164
Web design, 561–63. See also writing for style manuals, 153, 515, 545
for Web design, 561
for the Web for white papers, 567
audience and purpose in, 561–62 for word choice, 569
forms, 218–23 Web sites. See also Internet
hyperlinks in, 571–72 APA documentation of, 134
icons, 299–300 copyrighted materials from, 101,
for people with disabilities, 562
posting documents, 573 102
privacy statements, 573 for current information sources, 460
for résumés, 486 evaluating, 467
testing, 562, 563 FAQs on, 183–85
typography for, 297, 572 functions of, 496–97
using repurposed content for, 456 IEEE documentation of, 140–41
visuals for, 379 indexes for, 251
Web resources for, 561 internal and external, 562
writer’s checklist for, 563 italics for titles, 531
writing for the Web, 570–74 MLA documentation of, 147
Web resources posting résumés on, 289, 486–87
for abbreviations and acronyms, 5 white papers on, 565
for affectation, 22 Web subject directories, 465
for argument, 314 Webster’s Third New International
for avoiding plagiarism, 384
blogs, 49–52 Dictionary, Unabridged, 124
for brochures, 57 well / good, 234
for buzzwords, 58 when / where / that, 564
for conjugation of verbs, 552 when and if, 564
for content management, 98 where / that, 564
dictionaries, 124 where . . . at, 564
for environmental impact statements, whether, 564
whether . . . or, 96
176 which
for ESL skills, 172
for ethical codes, 179 dual function of, 406
for evaluating sources, 467 for nonrestrictive clauses, 471, 527
for feasibility reports, 188 number agreement with, 26
for global communication, 230, 269 which / who / that, 26, 527–29
for grammar, 234 while, 564–65
for job searches, 289 white papers, 565–67
for layout and design, 300 getting clearances for, 567

624 Index outdated words, 22
revising for, 489
white papers (continued) standard vs. nonstandard English,
interesting-detail openings for, 278
layout and design for, 566 173–74
major sections for, 566–67 thesaurus for, 529
persuasion in, 565 tone and, 533
preparation for, 565–66 usage conventions and, 234–35,
Web resources for, 567
545
white space, in page design, 299, 301. vague words, 546
See also spacing Web resources for, 569
word divisions
whiteboard software, 324 in dictionaries, 123
whiteboards, 396 hyphens in, 246–47
who, one of those . . . , 357–58 word meanings. See also definitions
who / that / which, 26, 527–29 capitalization and, 59
who / whom, 25, 26, 567 connotation / denotation in, 96
who / whom / what / which, 406 dictionaries for, 123–25
who / whom / which / that, 406 word order. See also sentence
whole-by-whole method of
construction
comparison, 85, 86 emphasis and, 498–99, 502
who’s / whose / of which, 568 for sentence variety, 506
widows, 299 subject-verb-object pattern, 499,
Wikipedia, 102, 384, 462, 466
wikis, 497 501–2, 518
syntax, 518
for collaborative writing, 72 word-processing software. See
documenting, 135, 148
will / shall, 508, 525 computer technology; Digital Tips
WinZip, 164 wordiness. See also conciseness
-wise, 568
with regard to / regarding, 453 affectation and, 22
word choice, 568–69 causes of, 90–91
abstract / concrete words, 6–7 of passive voice, 92, 558–59
in adjustment letters, 18 rambling sentences, 503–4
affectation and, 22 revising for, 489
ambiguity and, 32–33, 70 using that, 527
buzzwords, 57–58 wordy phrases, 41, 92, 183, 249–50,
clarity and, 70
clichés, 71 341, 381
colloquialisms, 173 words used as words
connotation / denotation and, 96
deceptive language, 178, 377, 386 italics for, 284
dictionaries for, 123–25, 569 plurals of, 34
ethics in writing and, 178 work plan, in proposals, 421
figures of speech, 189–91 work schedules, in proposals, 433
for global communication, 265–69 works-cited list (MLA), 48, 131. See
gobbledygook, 233
idioms, 248 also documenting sources; MLA
jargon, 285 documentation
localisms and slang, 173–74 documentation models for, 145–50
malapropisms, 315 in formal reports, 199
sample page, 152, 217
Workscope Description, in requests for
proposals, 457

Writer’s Checklist Index 625
achieving conciseness, 91–92
communicating globally, 229–30 writing ethically, 179
correspondence and accuracy, writing executive summaries, 181
110–11 writing instructions, 263
creating and integrating visuals, writing international
556–57
creating and using drawings, 157 correspondence, 269–70
creating and using maps, 319 writing job descriptions, 286
creating graphs, 239–40 writing newsletter articles, 343
designing a brochure, 57 writing persuasive proposals, 417
designing a questionnaire, 442–43 writing a draft, 569–70. See also draft
designing Web pages, 563
developing an effective style, 515 writing
developing an FAQ, 185 writing block, in forms, 223
eliminating awkwardness, 44 writing for the Web, 570–74. See also
evaluating print and online sources,
466–67 Web design
indexing, 252–53 documenting sources, 573
instant messaging privacy and ethics in writing for, 570–71, 573
security, 258 fonts, 572
interviewing successfully, 271 for global audiences, 572
managing your e-mail and reducing graphics, 571
overload, 166–67 headings, 571
observing workplace netiquette, hyperlinks, 571–72
163 keywords, 571
planning and conducting meetings, line length, 572
328 lists, 571
preparing for and delivering a organizational blogs, 51–52
presentation, 400–401 posting documents, 573
preparing manuals, 318–19 privacy statements, 573
preparing minutes of meetings, writing line, in forms, 223
333–34 writing process
preparing to write, 389–90 brainstorming, 53–54
proofreading in stages, 411 checklist for, xxiii–xxiv
revising your draft, 488–89 for content management, 97
taking notes, 348 five steps for success in, xv–xxii
using abbreviations, 3 writing a draft, 569–70
using headings, 244 writing style
using hyphens to divide words, for abstracts, 9
246–47 for correspondence, 103
using lists, 310 for e-mail, 163, 173
using search engines and keywords, for environmental impact statements,
464
using tone to build goodwill, 105 175–76
using visuals in presentations, 398 formal, 513–14
writing a rough draft, 570 for global communication, 265–70
writing collaboratively, 74–75 informal, 514–15
for instructions, 259–60
for newsletters, 341
plain-language laws and, 176
standard vs. nonstandard English,

173–74
technical, 521–22

626 Index yes, commas with, 78
“you” viewpoint, 42, 575–76
writing style (continued)
using contractions, 101 in correspondence, 104–5
for Web writing, 571 in FAQs, 185
in persuasive writing, 377
WWW Virtual Library, 465 in white papers, 565
you / your / yours, 376, 406
Yahoo!, 464 your / you’re, 576
years. See also dates

format for writing, 81–82, 115
plurals of, 34

Commonly Misused Words and Phrases

A compose / constitute / comprise 90
a / an 1 consensus 97
a lot 2 continual / continuous 99
above 6 credible / creditable 114
absolutely 6 criteria / criterion 116
accept / except 9 critique 116
accuracy / precision 11
activate / actuate 12 D
ad hoc 13 data 119
adapt / adept / adopt 13 defective / deficient 120
affect / effect 23 definite / definitive 121
affinity 26 despite / in spite of 125
all ready / already 32 diagnosis / prognosis 127
all right 32 differ from / differ with 130
all together / altogether 33 different from / different than 130
allude / elude / refer 33 discreet / discrete 130
allusion / illusion 34 disinterested / uninterested 130
almost / most 34 due to / because of 162
also 34
amount / number 36 E
and / or 36 each 163
as / because / since 44 economic / economical 163
as much as / more than 45 e.g. / i.e. 163
as such 45 equal / unique / perfect 177
as well as 45 etc. 178
augment / supplement 46 everybody / everyone 181
average / median / mean 46 explicit / implicit 185
awhile / a while 46

B F
bad / badly 48 fact 187
be sure to 48 female / male 190
beside / besides 48 few / a few 191
between / among 48 fewer / less 191
between you and me 49 figuratively / literally 191
bi- / semi- 49 fine 193
biannual / biennial 49 first / firstly 193
both . . . and 52 flammable / inflammable /

C nonflammable 194
can / may 59 forceful / forcible 196
cannot 59 foreword / forward 197
center on 68 former / latter 220
cite / sight / site 68 fortuitous / fortunate 226
compare / contrast 84
complement / compliment 87 G
good / well 238

627

628 Commonly Misused Words and Phrases

H percent / percentage 373 376
he / she 246 phenomenon / phenomena
principal / principle 401
I pseudo- / quasi- 433
illegal / illicit 253
imply / infer 253 Q
in / into 253 quid pro quo 442
in order to 253
in terms of 254 R
indiscreet / indiscrete 257 raise / rise 447
individual 257 re 447
inside / inside of 259 really 449
insoluble / insolvable 260 reason is [because] 449
insure / ensure / assure 266 regarding / with regard to 453
interface 267 regardless 453
its / it’s 287 respective / respectively 472

K S
kind of / sort of 294 service 511
know-how 294 set / sit 511
shall / will 512
L so / so that / such 513 514
lay / lie 295 some / somewhat 513
lend / loan 303 some time / sometime / sometimes
like / as 304 strata / stratum 517
loose / lose 311
T
M tenant / tenet 527
maybe / may be 319 that / which / who 531
media / medium 319 there / their / they’re 533
Ms. / Miss / Mrs. 336 to / too / two 536
mutual / common 337 try to 546

N 340 U
nature 340 up 547
needless to say utilize 549
none 345
nor / or 345 V
very 558
O via 558
OK / okay 356
on / onto / upon 356 356 W
one 356 wait for / wait on 567
one of those . . . who when / where / that 573
only 357 whether 574
outside [of] 364 while 574
over [with] 364 who / whom 577
who’s / whose / of which 577
-wise 578

P Y
party 372 your / you’re 585
per 372

This page intentionally left blank

Model Documents and Figures by Topic

Use the following list as a quick reference for finding selected samples of
technical writing and visuals by topic. See also the complete Contents by
Topic on the inside front cover of this book. For additional model docu-
ments, see the companion Web site at bedfordstmartins.com/alredtech.

Technical Writing Documents F–7 Online Form with Typical
and Elements Components 220

A–2 Informative Abstract G–3 Graphics for U.S. and Global
(for an Article) 8 Audiences 231

B–3 Brochure (Cover Panel) 55 G–4 International Organization
B–4 Brochure (Inside Panels) 56 for Standardization Symbols 231
F–1 Feasibility Report 186
F–5 Formal Report 201 G–5 Double-line Graph
I–5 Illustrated Instructions 261 (with Shading) 235
I–6 Warning in a Set
G–6 Distorted and Distortion-Free
of Instructions 262 Expressions of Data 236
I–10 Investigative Report 282
J–1 Job Description 287 G–7 Bar Graph (Quantities
L–1 Laboratory Report 294 of Different Items During
L–8 Literature Review 311 a Fixed Period) 237
N–2 Newsletter Article 342
N–3 Company Newsletter G–8 Bar (Column) Graph (Showing
the Parts That Make Up
(Front Page) 344 the Whole) 237
P–4 Progress Report 403
P–5 Activity Report 404 G–9 Pie Graph (Showing Percentages
P–7 Special Purpose Internal of the Whole) 238

Proposal 415 G–10 Picture Graph 239
P–8 Sales Proposal 422 H–2 Headings Used
Q–1 Questionnaire 439
T–4 Test Report 528 in a Document 243
T–5 Trip Report Sent as E-mail M–1 Map 320
T–1 Elements of a Table 520
(with Attachment) 540 V–1 Chart for Choosing Appropriate
T–6 Trouble Report (Using Printed
Visuals 554
Memo) 541
Correspondence
Design and Visuals
A–5 Acknowledgment 11
D–14 Schematic Diagram 158 A–6 Adjustment Letter (When
F–2 Flowchart Using Labeled
Company Is at Fault) 17
Blocks 192 A–7 Partial Adjustment
F–3 Flowchart Using Pictorial
(Accompanying a Product) 18
Symbols 193 C–6 Complaint Letter 88
F–4 Common ISO Flowchart Symbols C–8 A Poor Bad-News Message 106
C–9 A Courteous Bad-News
(with Annotations) 193
F–6 Form (for a Medical Claim) 219 Message 107
C–10 A Good-News Message 108
C–11 Cover Message 111
I–2 Inquiry 254
I–3 Response to an Inquiry 255

I–7 Inappropriate International R–10 Advanced Résumé (Combining
Correspondence (Draft Marked Functional and Chronological
for Revision) 266 Elements) 478

I–8 Appropriate International R–11 Electronic Résumé (in ASCII
Correspondence 267 Format) 480

L–4 Full-Block-Style Letter Presentations and Meetings
(with Letterhead) 302
M–2 Meeting Agenda 325
L–5 Modified-Block-Style Letter M–3 E-mail to Accompany
(Without Letterhead) 303
an Agenda 326
M–4 Typical Memo Format M–6 Minutes of a Meeting 333
(Printed with Sender’s P–3 Slides for a Presentation 397
Handwritten Initials) 330
Research and Documentation
R–1 Reference Letter 450
D–5 APA Sample Page 137
R–2 Refusal Letter D–6 APA Sample List
(Sent as E-mail) 451
of References 138
Job Search and Application D–7 IEEE Sample Page 143
D–8 IEEE Sample Bibliography 144
A–3 Acceptance Letter D–9 MLA Sample Page 151
(for Employment) 10 D–10 MLA Sample List of Works

A–4 Refusal Letter Cited 152
(for Employment) 10 Q–1 Questionnaire 439
Q–2 Long Quotation (APA Style) 447
A–8 Application Letter Sent as E-mail
(College Student Applying Organization, Writing,
for an Internship) 36 and Revision

A–9 Application Letter (Recent B–1 Corporate Blog 50
Graduate Applying for a C–2 Chronological Method
Graphic Design Job) 37
of Development 69
A–10 Application Letter (Applicant G–1 General-to-Specific Method
with Years of Experience) 38
of Development 227
I–9 Follow-up Correspondence 276 G–2 Specific-to-General Method

R–3 Resignation Letter (to Accept of Development 228
a Better Position) 468 N–1 Narration from an Accident

R–4 Resignation Memo (Under Report 340
Negative Conditions) 469 O–1 Decreasing Order-of-Importance

R–5 Student Résumé (for an Entry- Method of Development 359
Level Position) 473 O–2 Increasing Order-of-Importance

R–6 Résumé (Highlighting Method of Development 360
Professional Credentials) 474 P–1 Persuasive Memo 378
S–1 Spatial Method of
R–7 Student Résumé (for a Graphic
Design Job) 475 Development 511

R–8 Résumé (Applicant with
Management Experience) 476

R–9 Advanced Résumé (Showing
Promotion Within a Single
Company) 477