CASE STUDY HIGHWAY ( F1074 & F1081 )

DCC30103
HIGHWAY AND
TRAFFIC
ENGINEERING

LECTURER NAME :
PUAN RABEAH ADAWIYAH BINTI HASHIM

Group Member

NURAZIEAN BINTI MUHAMMAD ROZI AYU QHAIRUNNISA BINTI YAHYA
( 08DKA20F1074 ) ( 08DKA20F1081 )

Introduction :

Traffic management is very important to
all parties because it is one of the links to
go from one destination to another. Good
pavement also affects road users, with a

good pavement will reduce the risk of
road accidents Highway .

Traffic Management Purposes

01 Managing moving vehicles
to reduce traffic movement
conflicts .

Minimize accidents and 02
congestion with traffic .

03 Reduce conflict or a
collision between vehicles
and pedestrian .

Traffic Management Purposes

01 02 03

Minimize flow Reduce rates Vehicles can
slow traffic . an accident . carried according to
velocity Designated .

Factors Causing Accidents 40%
70%
Driver’s Attitude 70%

Road Structure

Weak Law
Enforcement

Examples

Driver’s Road Law Enforcement Example :
Attitude : Structure : Invite :
The attitude of
Driving under the The road structure Weak laws the driver is not
influence of alcohol is experiencing and fines that do not prudent .
causing uninvolved severe damage until give repentance
victims to perish life threatening . against road users .

Effective Ways Of Traffic Management To
Reduce Road Accident

Installing The Warning System Be Sensitive To The
on Traffic Lines and Roads : Driving Environment :
• Give comfort to other drivers .
• Signboards according to JKR • Do not consume alcohol .
specifications .
Low Enforcement is
• “Traffic Hotline” Application . Stricter :
• Road structure monitoring • Imposing punishment
imprisonment , fines and
highway . flogging .
• The law is srict on civil servants .

Conclusion :

In conclusion , Accidents are also caused by various factors. road safety is the
responsibility of road users themselves . Negligence is the main cause of accidents

and this should not continue to ensure the safety of all parties . Human beings
cannot run away from making mistakes , but mistakes that can cause other people's
lives to drift must also be avoided for the sake of common well -being . The rate of

road accidents in this country is so worrying for all of us . This has also indirectly
contributed to the economic downturn of the country because when an accident
occurs the government has to spend money to repair damaged traffic management

sites such as roadblocks , traffic lights and so on .

QUESTION 2

Introduction :

Initially road construction was built on the ground surface . The load
borne by a vehicle on the road surface results in unsustainability , so

the natural soil is unable to accept the vehicle’s tire path without
changing its original shape . Therefore , the soil surface must be formed
to the desired level and compacted then be able to build a strong and

sturdy structure on it . Road pavement is a structure built above the
ground level . This road pavement can be divided into two types ,
namely rigid pavement and flexible pavement .

TYPES OF FAILURES ,
CAUSE OF FAILURE AND

REPAIR METHODS

POTHOLES

Types of Failures Cause of Failure Repair Methods

• Failure of the pavement • Caused by cracks crocodile • Pasting method - Repairing
perforated . and stress fractures other holes by way of laying small
untreated asphalt . rocks into holes and coated
with a layer of bitumen .
• Water will start corrode the
surface up to the bottom of the
base .

ALLIGATOR CRACKING

Types of Failures Cause of Failure Repair Methods

• Patterned like crocodile skin • Attributable asphalt pavement . • Repair method subgrade - To
• There is a crack little at first • Shuttle traffic flow . re –strengthen road strength .

and spread to be large . • Temporary method ( filling &
crack deposition ) to prevent
water from entering the
pavement .

EDGE CRACKS

Types of Failures Cause of Failure Repair Methods

• In unconfined asphalt • As a result the base material • Pasting method - this
pavements , edge cracks were settles and becomes weak . technique is to cover the
found to occur . cracked surface from entering
• Edge cracks are exacerbated by the water .
vehicle loads .
• For cracks less than 3m wide
should be covered with fine
sand or fine stone .

RAVELLING

Types of Failures Cause of Failure Repair Methods

• The splitting of an asphalt road • Due to excessive dust content • Small areas of localized raging ,
surface . causes bitumen to coat more need to remove corrugated
dust than aggregate . pavement and patches .

• Large turbulent areas indicate
general failure . With that it is
necessary to remove the
damaged pavement and stack .

RECLAMATION FAILURE

Types of Failures Cause of Failure Repair Methods

• A sloping embankment and • The failure of the embankment • The material is waterproof so
raised soil on the side of the that occurs due to uneven road that it lasts longer .
road . surface .

PUNCH OUT

Types of Failures Cause of Failure Repair Methods

• The local area of the broken • Due to heavy repetitive loads , • By making a depth patch it is
concrete slab . insufficient slab thickness , loss intended to restore a local area
of foundation support . of slab damage that exceeds
one – third of the top of the slab
depth or originates from the
bottom of the slab .

BLEEDING

Types of Failures Cause of Failure Repair Methods

• There is stagnant or flowing • Caused too much asphalt • Laying sand .
water on the pavement . material in concrete . • Absorbs excess agent binder .

JOINT SPALLING

Types of Failures Cause of Failure Repair Methods

• Appearance of loose debris on • Derived from excessive stress on • Pasting method Full depth
pavement . joints or cracks caused by (cracks> 75mm)Partial depth
infiltration of noncomprivileged (crack<75mm) .
material and subsequent expansion
it may also cause explosion .

BLOCK CRACKING

Types of Failures Cause of Failure Repair Methods

• Block cracks are formed by • Formed due to the asphalt • Grouting or the use of strong
seasonal temperature surface having an overly rigid joint materials .
differences . mixed design that does not
provide surface space for
seasonal density changes .

RUTTING

Types of Failures Cause of Failure Repair Methods

• The pavement surface • High traffic flow - Loads • Pasting method - Cutting or
undulating . received by large loaded pasting new pavement .
vehicles .

Conclusion :

In conclusion , when a road pavement extends the life of its design , it will be
prone to various types of damage and damage due to the cumulative load of

traffic and others . However , due to factors such as pavement design and
materials used it can also cause newly built roads to face road damage problems
. Therefore , to ensure driving comfort and safety to users , the road must always

be in good condition as constantly monitored and maintained by the relevant
parties from time to time . In addition , proper and effective road maintenance

techniques should be practiced so that good road characteristics can be
maintained . In practice , road maintenance is aimed at improving the condition
and operation of the road so that it is always in a safe , comfortable and more
economical condition . The method of maintenance that can be done to maintain

good road condition depends on the type of pavement damage .

THANKYOU !