Scientist Tan Li Yin 4 Orange

Pertandingan Anyflip
Subject :Science
Name:Tan li yin
Class:4 Orange
Teacher:Cikgu Farhana

Scientist

Names Occupation
Occupation scientist
Activity Profession
Laboratory ,field research
Competencies Description
Education required Scientific research
Fields of employment Science
Related jobs Academia, industry ,government ,nonprofit
Engineers





The roles of "scientists", and their predecessors before the emergence of modern
scientific disciplines, have evolved considerably over time. Scientists of different eras (and
before them, natural philosophers, mathematicians, natural historians, natural theologians,
engineers, and others who contributed to the development of science) have had widely
different places in society, and the social norms, ethical values, and epistemic
virtues associated with scientists—and expected of them—have changed over time as
well. Accordingly, many different historical figures can be identified as early scientists,
depending on which characteristics of modern science are taken to be essential.
Some historians point to the Scientific Revolution that began in 16th century as the
period when science in a recognizably modern form developed. It wasn't until the 19th
century that sufficient socioeconomic changes had occurred for scientists to emerge as a
major profession.[11]

Classical antiquity "No one in the history of
civilization has shaped our
Knowledge about nature in classical antiquity was pursued by many kinds of understanding of science
scholars. Greek contributions to science—including works of geometry and and natural philosophy
more than the great Greek
mathematical astronomy, early accounts of biological processes and catalogs of philosopher and
plants and animals, and theories of knowledge and learning—were produced scientist Aristotle (384-322
BC), who exerted a
by philosophers and physicians, as well as practitioners of various trades. These profound and pervasive
influence for more than
roles, and their associations with scientific knowledge, spread with the Roman two thousand years" —
Gary B. Ferngren[10]
Empire and, with the spread of Christianity, became closely linked to religious

institutions in most of European countries. Astrology and astronomy became an

important area of knowledge, and the role of astronomer/astrologer developed

with the support of political and religious patronage. By the time of the medieval
university system, knowledge was divided into the trivium—philosophy,
including natural philosophy—and the quadrivium—mathematics, including

astronomy. Hence, the medieval analogs of scientists were often either

philosophers or mathematicians. Knowledge of plants and animals was broadly

the province of physicians.

Middle Ages Alessandro Volta, the
Science in medieval Islam generated some new modes of inventor of the electrical
developing natural knowledge, although still within the battery and discoverer
bounds of existing social roles such as philosopher and of methane, is widely
mathematician. Many proto-scientists from the Islamic regarded as one of the
Golden Age are considered polymaths, in part because of greatest scientists in
the lack of anything corresponding to modern scientific history.
disciplines. Many of these early polymaths were also
religious priests and theologians: for
example, Alhazen and al-Biruni were mutakallimiin; the
physician Avicenna was a hafiz; the physician Ibn al-
Nafis was a hafiz, muhaddith and ulema; the botanist Otto
Brunfels was a theologian and historian of Protestantism;
the astronomer and physician Nicolaus Copernicus was a
priest. During the Italian Renaissance scientists
like Leonardo Da Vinci, Michelangelo, Galileo
Galilei and Gerolamo Cardano have been considered as
the most recognizable polymaths.

Profession

As a profession, the scientist of today is widely
recognized[citation needed]. However, there is no formal process
to determine who is a scientist and who is not a scientist.
Anyone can be a scientist in some sense. Some
professions have legal requirements for their practice
(e.g. licensure) and some scientists are independent
scientists meaning that they practice science on their own,
but to practice science there are no
known licensure requirements