Chem Folio Final

Harmonising Traditional




and




Modern medicines






















Name: Fong Zi Seng



Class: 5 Gigih



Subject: Chemistry

Characteristics of medicines – 3


Difference between Traditional and Modern medicine –4


Type of Traditional Medicine – 5


Ginger – 6


Aloe Vera – 7


Ginseng – 8


Tamarind – 9 Contents


Type of Modern Medicine – 10


Analgesics – 11


Antimicrobials – 12


Psychotic Drugs – 13


Anti–allergies – 14


Corticosteroids – 15


Effectiveness and Drug Abuse or Misuse - 16

Characteristics




of medicines:













• Chemical substance that is used to help us

treat or prevent disease

• Classified into traditional medicine and

modern medicine

• Safe if used correctly


• Misusing it may be harmful







3

Difference between Traditional and Modern medicine













Traditional Medicine Modern Medicine





• Obtained from herbal plants or animals and are not • Come from plants, microorganisms or synthetic
chemically processed. chemicals





• Usually prepared by crushing certain parts of the plants • Utilize new technologies such as biotechnology,
using pestle and mortar. nanotechnology and genetic engineering.






• Traditional medicines have evolved through processing, • Modern medicine comes in various form including pills,
and marketed in the form of pills or capsules. capsules, powders and liquids.

4

Type of Traditional Medicine:














 Ginger



 Aloe vera



 Ginseng


 Tamarind















5

Ginger (Zingiber officinale):






• Remove wind (gas) from the body.
• Prevent colds.

• Help to warm the body.



Ginger is used mainly to treat stomach issues such

as nausea, stomach ache and so on.








Benefits of Ginger:



 Can help lower cholesterol levels



 Contains ingredients that can help


prevent cancer



 Can help treat chronic digestive
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problems

Aloe vera


(Aloe barbadensis miller):



• Treat skin diseases.

• Treat wounds caused by burns.



Aloe vera can help heal wounds and treat skin

problems. The reason is because it has

antibacterial, antiviral and antiseptic properties.










Benefits of Aloe vera:


 Helps to accelerate wound healing



 Improves skin and prevent wrinkles



 Helps reduce dental plaque

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Ginseng (Panax ginseng) :







• Build immunity against infections.
• Lower blood pressure and cholesterol level.




Ginseng can increaseresistanceagainstcancer,
heart disease and so on.















Benefits of Ginseng:



 Helps to boost the immune system



 Has potential benefits against cancer



 Helps to increase energy level
8

Tamarind (Tamarindus indica):




• Juice of the fruit relievescoughs.
• Brighten the skin.




Tamarind can be used to treat diarrhea, fever, heal
wounds and so on. This is because it has antioxidant

and anti-inflammatory properties













Benefits of Tamarind:



 Helps to lose weight



 Can help reduce blood sugar



 Reduces the risk of cancer


9

Type of Modern Medicine:














 Analgesics



 Antimicrobials



 Psychotic Drugs


 Anti allergies



 Corticosteroids










10

Analgesics:





Type of Analgesics:


 Aspirin


 Paracetamol



 Codeine


Aspirin, Paracetamol and Codeine should be taken

according to the doctor’s prescription.








Function of Analgesics: Side effects of Analgesics:
•It can cause stomach ulcers to gastric patients
 Aspirin and paracetamol can be used to or children as it is acidic.


relieve pain in conscious •Paracetamol overdose can cause liver


 Codeine can help relieve pain, damage.
•Codeine can cause a person to feel drowsy.

alleviates coughs and treats diarrhoea
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Antimicrobials





Type of Antimicrobials:
 Antibiotics such as penicillin and streptomycin.

 Antiseptics,such as hydrogen peroxide, iodine and

boric acid.

 Disinfectants,such as alcohol and formaldehyde











Function of Antimicrobials:

 Antibiotics can help kill bacterial growth Side effects:

 Antiseptics are applied externally on the skin.
 Disinfectantsdestroy pathogens found on non living  If antibiotics is not consumed fully, the

objects. bacterial will become immune to the

Ways to use it: antibiotics and the disease will reaccure

•Antibiotics needs to be consumed fully.

•Antiseptic should only be rubbed on the outside.  It will cause allergies that can potentially
•Clean the surface using soap and water first before using be fatal such as penicillin allergy.

Formaldehyde to disinfect. 12

Psychotic Drugs







Type of Psychotic Drugs
 Haloperidol

 Chlorpromazine

 Clozapine



Psychotic Drugs should be taken with a doctor’s

prescription.







Function of Psychotic Drugs:

•It can be used to treat psychosis which is a Side effects:

symptom of mental illness that causes patients to  Can cause abnormal involuntary facial

see, hear and believe something that is not real. and body movements




 Can cause stiffness and shakes




13

Anti-allergies:





Type of anti-allergies:

•Antihistamines





Anti allergies can only be taken as presribed by
a doctor.










Function of Anti allergies:


Side effects of Anti allergies:
•To help relieve runny nose and itchiness.
 Anti allergies can cause drowsiness


 If Antihistaminesis taken in high dosage, it can

also cause dry mouth (xerostomia),blurred

vision and constipation.



14

Corticosteroids






Types of Corticosteroids:

•Betamethasone valerate

•Predinisolone




Corticosteroidshould only be taken with doctors

prescription.






Functions of Corticosteroids:

•It can provide relief to the inflamed area.
Side effect of Corticosteroids:


•It can help reduce swelling, redness, itchiness,  Long term intake can cause moon face

allergic reactions, asthma and arthritis.
(facial swelling), high blood pressure

and increase blood sugar level.




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 Although the efficacy level may differ

between traditional and modern medicines,

both kind of medicines can treat many of


the same illnesses.


Effectiveness and



 The wrong dosage can lead to drug abuse,
Drug Abuse or which concernsboth traditional and



modern medicines.
Misuse:





 Traditional Medicine and Complementary


Act and Policy was introduced to ensure

the safety and quality of traditional

medicine as well as to ensure that it meet


the criteria set by the government.
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