1 times sandwich Autumn 2023 The DELIVERED FREE TO HOMES IN SANDWICH & SANDWICH BAY Plus SURROUNDING VILLAGES WINGHAM, ASH, STAPLE, EASTRY, WORTH, PRESTON, ICKHAM, WOODNESBOROUGH, WICKHAMBREAUX, CHILLENDEN & GOODNESTONE View the magazine online at www.thesandwichtimes.com
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3 Whilst every care has been taken to ensure that the data in this publication is accurate, neither the publisher nor its editorial contributors can accept, and hereby disclaim, any liability to any party to loss or damage caused by errors or omissions resulting from negligence, accident or any other cause. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in any retrieval system, or transmitted in any form - electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise - without prior permission of the publisher. Editor - Catherine Russell 07813 177690 [email protected] www.thesandwichtimes.com Welcome to the Autumn Edition of The Sandwich Times It’s hard to believe, but The Sandwich Times is 15 years old this month. Gosh, how the world has changed in that time. No financial crash (just), no Brexit, no Covid, no credit crunch, and numerous other changes. My first grandson, a tiny new born baby in September 2008, now a strapping 15 year old! And me 15 years older. The first Edition only 32 pages but 3 advertisers, Deal Mobility, Guilton Forge Garage and Fitness Connection have advertised in every edition - a HUGE thank you to them and all the other loyal advertisers who have supported the magazine over the years! What a disappointing summer we have had, it’s almost Autumn and nearly time to go back to school and work after the holidays. However, as usual there's plenty going on in the local community. Sandwich Arts Week takes place during September- see p.73 for details, and Guy Fawkes and Halloween are the two big Autumn Occasions - Enjoy, and see you in 3 months. 40 4 Contents Fashion 8 Food & Drink 12 Travel 30 Gardening 44 Motoring 60 Health 68 Kid’s Corner 70 Coffee Break 74 Solutions 81 Education 75 Church & Com. 76 Healthcare 77 Sport & Leisure 78 28 14 8 Catherine Catherine Russell - Editor 8 12 30
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16 The Lie of the Land by Amanda Craig Lottie and Quentin Bredin are a middle-aged couple, living in London. Their marriage is crumbling because Quentin is a serial philanderer, for which Lottie partly blames herself. Despite belonging to what Lottie describes as the luckiest generation in British history, the couple find themselves financially strained and unable to afford a divorce after losing their jobs since the credit crunch. In an unconventional decision, Lottie suggests renting a cheap cottage in Devon and letting out their London house. Thus, they move to the countryside in a kind of antithesis of the usual ‘escape to country story’. There they grapple with challenges including unwelcoming locals, their daughter being targeted by school bullies, and Lottie's mixedrace son from a previous marriage, being assumed to be an immigrant. As the family becomes more involved with the local community, the novel explores the messiness of family life and the absurdities of living in contemporary Britain. Craig skilfully juxtaposes the metropolitan and rural worlds which provides some truly funny moments, but darker elements start to emerge, including a sinister secret within the cottage which is the reason for the exceptionally low rent. Quentin struggles to adapt to the new lifestyle, frequently returning to London and his affairs. However, as he spends more time with his family, he begins to reflect on his emotional flaws and how they may be intertwined with his own upbringing. While the narrative provides an energetic exploration of the darker side of countryside living including casual racism and hostile neighbours, the heart of the story lies in the evolving relationship between Quentin and Lottie. The Lie of the Land deftly captures the capacity for change in individuals and the multifaceted nature of human relationships, and endings which are not necessarily neat and tidy. Town is by the Sea by Joanne Schwartz, illustrated by Sydney Smith This beautifully illustrated children's book is set in a small coastal town. The story follows a young boy named Joey as he goes about his daily routine and reflects on the life of a miner. Joey's father is a coal miner who works deep beneath the sea, extracting coal to support their family. Every day, Joey imagines his father's dangerous work while he enjoys the sunshine and plays with his friends. The contrast between the bright, vibrant world above ground and the darkness of the coal mine below is beautifully depicted through Sydney Smith's evocative illustrations. As Joey explores the town, he visits different places that hold significance for him. He goes to the park, where he can see the sparkling sea in the distance and dream about what lies beneath its surface. He visits the cemetery, where he pays respects to his ancestors who were also miners. And he goes to the local store, where his mother works, and imagines a future where he may have a different occupation. Throughout the book, the reader gets a glimpse into Joey's close-knit community and the rhythm of their lives. They come together to support one another and to celebrate special moments, like the arrival of summer. However, the constant presence of the sea serves as a reminder of the dangers faced by Joey's father and the sacrifices made by the miners. Town Is by the Sea is a poignant and contemplative book that explores themes of family, community, and the contrast between a child's innocent perspective and the realities of a challenging occupation. By Tash Donovan
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18 “The British school uniform is an iconic symbol of education, fostering a sense of identity, pride, and tradition.” So proclaims the prospectus of one of the schools we’re considering for my son. It’s a state school by the way: I did a quick double check to see that I hadn’t googled Eton by mistake! Both state-funded and private schools in the UK commonly employ school uniforms. State school uniforms are historically more standardized, perhaps a specific colour scheme and a school badge, alongside more basic attire like plain shirts, trousers, and skirts. Private schools, on the other hand, tend to have more distinct and elaborate uniforms, reflecting their individual traditions and values. These uniforms may include striped blazers, shirts, kilts, and unique accessories. It’s a generalisation though: the state school referred to above insists on below-the-knee pleated plaid skirts for the girls and a bewildering array of ties relating to houses, sports teams, and upper or lower school…I needed a spreadsheet to work it all out. One major bone of contention surrounding school uniforms in the UK is the issue of cost. Critics argue that the expense of purchasing uniforms, especially from specific suppliers, places an additional and unreasonable financial burden on families. This controversy is amplified in cases where schools require branded items, which are always more expensive. As a result, calls for more affordable uniform options or even a relaxation of strict uniform policies have emerged to alleviate the financial strain on families in the current economic climate. Proponents of school uniforms highlight several advantages. Uniforms foster a sense of belonging, promoting a shared identity and pride in the school community. They can also instil discipline and a sense of equality, as students are judged based on their character rather than their fashion choices. Uniforms can help eliminate distractions caused by clothing choices, reducing peer pressure and bullying related to appearance. Additionally, uniforms simplify dress codes, making it easier for students and parents to comply with school policies. Critics of school uniforms counter with concerns about individuality and selfexpression. They argue that uniforms may stifle creativity and suppress students' ability to develop their personal style. Some argue that enforcing uniformity can be oppressive and hinder a student's sense of autonomy. They contend that uniforms do not guarantee improved academic performance or behaviour, and instead schools should concentrate on fostering a positive school culture and supportive environment. In recent years, there have been calls for a more inclusive approach to school uniforms, considering factors like gender identity, cultural diversity, and personal comfort. Efforts to accommodate religious or cultural practices within uniform policies have been made, allowing for greater diversity and understanding. Despite the ongoing debates and controversies surrounding school uniforms in the UK, they show no sign of going away. Personally, I think that as educational institutions continue to adapt to the changing needs and perspectives of students and families, it is essential to strike a balance between tradition and individuality, and certainly in the state system costs should be kept to a minimum. By considering the experiences of students, parents, and educators, schools can shape their uniform policies in a way that encourages inclusivity, self-expression, and a positive learning environment for all. By Laurence Smith The great school uniform debate
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24 I loved music lessons at school. I was part of the African drum group and sang in the school choir. I was never going to be one of the stars, like Katie the clarinet prodigy or Tom the classical pianist, who were wheeled out for all official school events, and I wasn’t cool enough to be in the school rock band, but none-the-less I sang in school assemblies and the Christmas show, and thanks to Earl my Djembe teacher, I can still tell a Dunungbe from a Fankani. Learning to play a musical instrument as a child offers a multitude of benefits that extend far beyond the realm of music itself. When we learn a musical instrument or take part in organised singing we engage various cognitive functions, including memory, attention, and problem-solving skills. It has been shown to improve academic performance, particularly in areas such as mathematics, language development, and spatial-temporal reasoning. Playing an instrument or singing in a choir requires discipline and practice, which cultivates perseverance and time management skills. The cognitive abilities and work ethic developed through music are transferable skills, which lead to greater success in school and beyond. Music sparks creativity and allows children to express themselves in a unique way. It nurtures imagination and emotional intelligence, as through music children learn both to convey and evoke a wide range of feelings. Whether through composing original pieces or interpreting existing works, children develop their artistic sensibilities and gain confidence in their creative abilities. This creative outlet provides a means of self-expression and exploration that can be carried throughout their lives. And music is fun. It offers a sense of accomplishment and fulfilment as children progress and master new skills. The process of practicing, refining, and eventually performing music is immensely satisfying and uplifting. I can provide lifelong pleasure and be an ongoing source of relaxation and stress relief. Playing or singing in a group facilitates social interactions and provides opportunities for collaboration. Children who participate in choirs, ensembles, bands, or orchestras develop teamwork and cooperation skills, learning to listen to others and synchronize their playing with fellow musicians. These group experiences foster a sense of camaraderie and can create lifelong friendships. Additionally, participating in performances and sharing music with others boosts a child’s confidence in their ability to express themselves effectively in social situations. Learning a musical instrument as a child provides a solid foundation for a wellrounded and enriched life. It stimulates cognitive development, nurtures creativity, offers a source of enjoyment, and fosters social skills. These benefits continue to shape individuals as they mature into adulthood, providing them with lifelong skills and a deep appreciation for the arts. Whether pursuing music professionally or as a hobby, the impact of learning an instrument during childhood is immeasurable, contributing to personal growth, self-expression, and a lifelong love of music…which can only be a good thing. By Tracey Anderson Why music might be the key to success.
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30 Paradise is a term over-used when reading or indeed writing about exotic locations, but in relation to the island of Barbados, I can find no better superlative. It truly is, but in many forms. The stunning scenery, beaches and weather are a given, however it’s the little things that make this island a must-visit, as any kind of holiday can be catered for. From the super rich to those on a budget, Barbados has so much to offer. You can relax and party in equal measure, shop at street stalls or designer boutiques, eat from the back of a van or at one of the world’s best restaurants. Either way, the experience will be one to savour and enjoy, not to mention the plethora of sporting activities and tourist attractions on land and sea to be enjoyed on the island. With only 166 square miles to chose from, we based ourselves in the beautiful south west tip of the island. Located on the idyllic Maxwell Beach, the Bougainvillea Beach Resort is a popular destination and its reputation is well deserved. The location is fabulous for all ages with its close proximity to the nightlife Mecca of St Lawrence with its bars, restaurants and nightclubs and the weekly must-see event every Friday night in Oistins – the world-renowned fish fry party. Locals and tourists gather in harmony in this tiny fishing village to eat a bounty of seafood – the flying fish are a speciality – drink incredible amounts of rum and dance to the reggae beats until the early hours. The resort is also a short journey from the A-list resort of Sandy Lane and the colourful and historic capital, Bridgetown. Paradise White sandy beaches, turquoise waters, tropical weather... everything you’d expect to find in the Caribbean. But it’s the little things that make BARBADOS a must-visit. A taste of Bridgetown—shutterstock
31 The Bougainvillea is superbly presented with its Colonial-style studios and suites, all with breathtaking views of the beach, pool area, tropical gardens and waterfalls. The staff are very friendly and accommodating and the food is superb. The two restaurants boast the highest quality food at any time of the day with local delicacies and European cuisine available in a breezy beachside location. The “swim up” pool bar is the place to be in the day where guests can enjoy an endless array of cocktails while cooling off from the tropical sunshine. Other facilities include a fitness centre, library, boutique, 24-hour taxi rank and full spa. Wedding and honeymoon packages are also available and from what I witnessed while I was there, very popular. There is also a huge array of watersports available from the resort’s beachside kiosk. Excursions can also be booked through the resort. The main highlights include the famous Mount Gay rum distillery, the overwhelming scenery and rugged coastline of Bathsheba and the historic and aweinspiring Harrison’s Caves. Fishing trips, swimming with turtles and diving to the many wrecks should also be high on the agenda of any tourist. As with any holiday a little decadence should be a top priority and if you are a foodie in Barbados then you need to visit the Cliff restaurant. Located in St James this world-class eatery is casually etched into the cliff side and is a truly remarkable sight. Fire lanterns adorn the terraces and illuminate what can only be described as an incredible eating experience. Let’s not beat about the bush, this place is pricey but the experience and the quality of the food make it justified. Stingrays circled in the bay as we sat down to our eight-course tasting menu and every course was a feast to the senses. The service standard far surpassed anything I have experienced in the UK and my concerns of possible pretence and style over substance were eased straight away with a warm welcome by the staff and the openly relaxed ambience. The Cliff is also available for weddings and other special occasions all year round. A week is definitely not long enough in this friendly and vibrant island as there is so much to take in and enjoy, but remember this paradise is only a mere seven-and-a-half hours from Manchester Airport and in my opinion should be experienced at least once in everybody’s lifetime. For further details, visit: www.bougainvillearesort.com www.thecliffbarbados.com Deluxe one bed suite The Bougainvillea Resort Cliff restaurant
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34 When my son was eight his teacher called me to one side. “I’m concerned about his lack of progress lately,” she said, “And when I asked him why he hadn’t copied the spellings down from the whiteboard this afternoon he said he couldn’t see them.” This was how we discovered that Callum needed glasses. It had never been on my radar because no-one else in our family wears them, apart from his grandparents but most grandparents wear glasses because they are older, and older people wear glasses right? It came as a bit of a shock that poor Callum had been struggling for so long. I’d always taken him for regular dental checks, but he’d never had a sight test! #parentfail A comprehensive eye examination ensures that a child has optimal vision, which plays a vital role in their education, participation in sports, and overall confidence. Additionally, eye examinations help identify conditions such as strabismus (where one of the eyes turns in or out), enabling early intervention and appropriate treatment. Clear vision is essential for a child’s academic success. If vision problems remain unidentified then the child may experience difficulties with reading, writing, and focusing on classroom activities, as Callum did. Regular eye examinations can identify refractive errors (such as short-sightedness, longsightedness, and astigmatism) and ensure that the child receives the necessary corrective measures, such as spectacles or contact lenses. By addressing their visual impairments, a child can then fully engage in the classroom, meaning that their performance in school should improve. Participation in sports is a valuable aspect of any child's physical and social development. Poor vision can affect handeye coordination, depth perception, reaction time, and ultimately their enjoyment of sport. Regular eye examinations will detect any vision problems that may hinder a child's ability to perform well in sports. In addition, optometrists and dispensing opticians can provide appropriate solutions, such as sports safety spectacles, prescription swimming goggles, or contact lenses. Strabismus, commonly known as crossed or misaligned eyes, is a condition that requires early identification and intervention. Regular eye examinations from birth can detect strabismus in its early stages, allowing for prompt referral to a specialist. Early treatment can help correct the misalignment and improve the child's binocular vision, depth perception, and overall visual function. Identifying and managing strabismus at a young age is crucial for optimal visual development and can prevent long-term complications. If like me you are fortunate enough to have excellent vision, this does not automatically bestow that same privilege on your child. Children with poor sight do not always know that they have poor sight because they have nothing to compare it with! I could kick myself for not realising this sooner. Callum’s performance in school accelerated dramatically once he had the correct spectacles, and he’s gone on to do very well academically. The story might have been quite different but for his observant primary school teacher. Think of regular eye examinations as an investment in your child's future success. Examinations are free up to the age of 18 for those in full time formal education. By Kate McCarthy Why regular eye examinations for kids are important
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42 Our bones are amazing: they provide structure, allow us to move, protect our brain and vital organs, and store essential minerals. As we age, our bone density can diminish, causing weak, brittle bones, which can lead to injury. Fortunately, you can preserve and even improve the health of your bones and it's never too early or too late to start taking care of them. Drink plenty of water – Drinking a glass of water first thing in the morning is an important part of bone health as well as overall health. Bones need water to do specific jobs, like storing minerals and making red blood cells inside the bone marrow. Water transports 99 percent of the calcium in foods you eat to your bones, so without proper hydration, you could end up with bone loss or osteoporosis. Eat a Calcium-Rich Breakfast – Calcium is responsible for making bones hard and strong. Nearly all of our body's calcium is stored in our bones. Choose milk, cheese and yogurt, fortified orange juice, leafy greens, almonds, and fatty fish like salmon. Exercise for bone strength - Weight-bearing exercise can help strengthen bones, maintain bone density, and lower the risk for osteoporosis. This can include walking, running, dancing or any exercise where we’re on our feet, and also free weights, weight machines or bodyweight exercises. Get outside - Sunshine is good for our bones. When our skin is exposed to sunlight, chemical reactions produce vitamin D, which helps with calcium absorption. Too little sun means our body won’t have enough vitamin D so starts to leach it from our bones instead, weakening them. Posture - Practicing good posture cuts down on the wear and tear on joints and reduces stress on our muscles and ligaments. We should focus on our posture both when walking or standing, and when sitting in a chair. By Louise Addison
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44 Not only will new crops keep the soil covered over winter and help to suppress weeds, you'll have a bonus crop of quick-maturing vegetables before the winter closes in - while some are hardy enough to keep harvesting through until early spring. Others will get a head-start on spring-sown crops and should be ready several weeks early. Garlic is a crop worth starting in autumn unless you've got cold, wet soil - in which case, wait until February. Buy or order bulbs now, but wait until November before planting them. Split the bulbs into individual cloves just before planting, about 15cm apart. Ease them into the soil, and make sure their tops are hidden or the birds may take them. They should produce plants about 15cm tall before winter, which will be tough enough to survive the season, and you should be harvesting them by July. You can also plant onions in the autumn, spacing the sets 10cm apart in rows 30cm apart during October or November. These will overwinter like the garlic and should be dried off and ready to harvest in mid-July, a couple of weeks before spring-planted onions. Peas and broad beans can also be sown in October and November, provided you choose a sunny, sheltered spot. Sow broad beans in double rows with 20cm between plants each way, to make it easy to support the plants in spring, by running string round the outside tied to posts at the corners. With peas, dig out out a shallow trench 3-4cm deep and at least 15cm wide. Scatter seeds roughly 5cm apart each way. The plants should reach 15-20cm tall before they stop growing in mid-winter. If you want salad all winter, go for the winterhardy varieties. While you can sow them straight into the ground, you may have better results sowing them in modular trays or small pots inside this month to protect them from slugs and snails, and then plant them out in October and November. Cover the plants with horticultural fleece to stop the pigeons feasting on them, and provide protection from hard frosts. If you have seed left over from spring you may want to have a go and see what comes up. You may have success if you make September sowings of carrots, beetroot, radish, turnip and kohl rabi, spinach and leaf beet. Success will depend on the weather. Give the area a good soaking several days before you sow, especially if the weather's been hot and dry. Aim to harvest before the first severe frosts, or cover the crops with fleece to extend the season. Late crop Gardening You may still be reaping the rewards of all your hard work on the allotment or vegetable patch this year, but don't down tools just yet as there are winter crops which can be planted in autumn to fill the gaps.
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46 Make the most of all those fallen leaves by making your own leafmould to make soil conditioner for your garden. The best quality leafmould is produced from the leaves of oak and beech trees, but most of your fallen leaves will work well. The larger the leaves, the longer they will take to break down, but you can give it a helping hand by shredding them with a lawnmower or garden blow vac when collecting them. If you only have a small garden, you can make the leaf mould in plastic bags or, if you have the space, you could build a simple frame out of chicken wire and stakes to house the leaves. Making your leafmould Step 1 First you need to collect all the fallen leaves, either rake them up or collect and shred them in a blow vac or lawnmower. Step 2 Bag them up into good quality plastic garden sacks. If the leaves are dry, add a couple of pints of rainwater into the bag so the leaves are all nice and wet. Step 3 Tie up the bags with garden ties or twine and use a screwdriver to pierce each bag in about 15 to 20 places. Step 4 Stack up your bags of leaves in a shaded area of the garden, perhaps behind the shed. Every couple of months, simply turn them over. Using your leafmould Either use the leaf mould as a mulch for your beds and borders the following autumn or leave them bagged up for a couple of years to create an excellent soil conditioner. Dig this into your flower beds to improve the structure and condition of your soil. Mix it in when you’re sowing seeds or use it in potting compost to help stop it drying out Add some to your compost bin, it’ll boost the quality and keep the worms happy too. Top tip... If you have a lot of leaves to collect, you can build your own square or circular frame with stakes and chicken wire in a sheltered part of the garden. Turn the leaves every couple of months with a garden fork to help aerate and speed up the process. If the leaves dry out, spray them with water and place a board or old carpet on top to stop them from blowing away. Garden In association with advice How to make your own leafmould Turn fallen autumn leaves into wonderful compost 46
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48 Better known as lilyturf, this late-flowering evergreen looks a bit like a giant grape hyacinth, with its narrow, strap-shaped evergreen leaves and spikes of knobbly lilac flowers which bloom from September to November. It makes good ground-cover under shrubs or can be used as edging in the herbaceous border, but it is invasive so watch where you plant it and limit its spread by lifting and dividing the clumps every few years. The most common type is L muscari, which grows to around 30cm. Most varieties are mauve or violet, but you can get the white variety 'Monroe White' and another with gold-splashed leaves, 'John Burch'. The plants will thrive in sun or light shade in any lime-free garden soil. Jobs to do... Gardening The pre-packaged baby varieties you get in supermarkets are not a patch on those you can grow yourself in a sunny site on soil which won't become waterlogged in winter. It's true, leeks occupy the ground for a long time, but the big plus is that they can be harvested from autumn to late winter. They can be sown in seed trays indoors from mid to late winter, the seedlings pricked out and placed in modular trays and then hardened off in a cold frame for planting out in mid-spring. Alternatively, sow the seeds outdoors in spring for autumn crops, raking the soil to a fine tilth and sowing thinly in drills 15cm apart and 1cm deep. When the baby leeks are pencil thick, move them to their final position, ideally in free-draining ground which has been given plenty of well-rotted organic matter the previous autumn or winter. Water thoroughly the day before and make wide, deep holes - 15cm deep and 5cm across - dropping a single seedling in each. Don't backfill with soil, but fill each hole with water to settle the soil around the roots. For longer stems, earth up around the stems during the growing season, weed regularly and water thoroughly during long dry spells about every 10 days. Baby leeks for salads can be pulled from early summer, but more people wait for the stems to thicken so they can harvest bigger plants from late summer for soups and casseroles. Three ways to… Succeed with plums 1. Buy two compatible trees - even self-fertile varieties crop more heavily with a compatible pollinator that blooms at the same time. 2. Only prune when trees are actively growing, as wounds heal quickly then. 3. Train as fans, not cordons or espaliers. Liriope Cut down border perennials now past their best. Continue watering outdoor crops such as tomatoes, beans and courgettes to encourage more fruits and pods to ripen. Take hardwood cuttings from roses, choosing healthy stems of the current season's growth. Plant out spring cabbage in shallow trenches so that soil can be pulled up around the stems for extra support as they grow. Transplant overgrown or badly-positioned shrubs to more suitable sites. Plant blocks of Dutch iris in sunny positions. Cut out dead wood from fan-trained cherries. Make sure greenhouse heaters are in good working order. Lift and divide large marginal plants in ponds. Be ready to net ponds to prevent autumn leaves blowing in. Collect up, clean and store away canes and plant supports. Continue to harvest courgettes and marrows, runner beans, ridge cucumbers, spinach, sweetcorn, radish, beetroot and salads. Good enough to eat... Best of the bunch... Leeks
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50 One day a man found a small caterpillar cocoon. He decided to keep it so that he could watch the metamorphosis of the butterfly. The man put the cocoon carefully on his desk and the next day a small opening appeared. For several hours, he sat and watched the butterfly as it struggled to force its body through the little hole. Then it seemed to stop making any progress. It appeared to be stuck. He decided to help the butterfly and with a pair of scissors he cut open the cocoon. The butterfly then emerged easily. Something was strange, however. He looked closer and noticed that the butterfly had a swollen body and shrivelled wings. He watched the butterfly expecting it to take on its correct proportions. Nothing happened and the butterfly stayed the same. Sadly it was never able to fly. In his kindness and haste the man did not realise that the butterfly's struggle to get through the small opening of the cocoon is nature's way of forcing fluid from the body of the butterfly into its wings so that it would be ready for flight. Like the sapling which grows strong from being buffeted by the wind, in life we all need to struggle sometimes to make us stronger. The change process can sometimes be a struggle, however our ability to be strong and manage change positively and confidently is becoming an increasingly important life skill. Change can bring about all sorts of reactions in people. Some people positively embrace change and view it as exciting and something that will open new doors and surface new opportunities. When dealing with change it is so important not to allow negative baggage from the past to cloud our perspective. An acknowledgement of what we may have to let go of is important however a focus on all the things we will gain is by far the best approach. Modern Life Skills Challenges and change By Liggy Webb It is not the strongest of the species that survives, or the most intelligent, but rather the one most adaptable to change - Charles Darwin Image: shutterstock.com