Science project Title : animals ( Food chain ) Name : keertheessai a/p anna durai year : 5 magilam subject : science teacher : Mrs.m.puvaneswary date : 12/05/2023
contents no page 1. Food chain …………………………… 1 2. an example oF a Food chain ……….. 2 3. examples of food chains in Different habitats -- Food chain in a Field ……………………. 2 -- Food chain in a Forest ………………….. 3 -- Food chian in a paddy Field ………….. 3 -- Food chain in a Farm …………………… 4 -- Food chain in a pond ……………………. 4 Relationship of food among living things and photosynthesis …………………… 5 Food web ……………………. 6 – 7 Food web in a Field ……………………… 8 Food web in a pond ……………………… 8 Food web in a Forest ……………………… 9 Food web in a paddy Field ………………….. 9 Effects of population change in a food web 10 - 11
ANImals (FOOD CHAIN ) Food chain starts with green plants. A food chain is a food relationship among living things in a habitat. Green plants make their own food through photosynthesis. As such green plants are producer as they provide food to the other organisms. Green plants make food using the sunlight energy source. The light energy that the plants absorb will be transferred when other organisms eat plants. Animals are consumers in a food chain. They eat plants or other animals to get energy. A food chain consists of a producer and consumers that can be arranged in a linear manner and represented as : Producer primary consumer secondary consumer tertiary consumer The arrow () in the food chain means ‘eaten by”.
An example of a food chain : Grass Grasshopper Frog Eagle (Producer) (Primary (Secondary Tertiary consumer) consumer) consumer) The grass is eaten by the grasshopper. The grasshopper is eaten by the frog. The frog is eaten by the eagle. Examples of food chains in different habitats. Food chain in a field
Food chain in the forest (Producer) (consumer) (consumer) Food chain in a paddy field (Producer) (Consumer) (Consumer) (Consumer) (Consumer)
Food chain in a farm (Producer) (Consumer) (Consumer) Food chain in a pond
Relationship of food among Living Things and Photosynthesis Sunlight is the main source of energy to plants to carry out photosynthesis. The transfer of energy happens when consumers eat the producer and so on. Example : Grass Grasshopper Frog Eagle Grasshopper get their energy from eating grass. Frogs get their energy from eating grasshoppers. Eagles get their energy from eating frogs. Therefore, the relationship between living things or the food chain is important for living things to survive.
Food web There are different species of animals and plants found in a habitat. An animal may eat more than one type of food in a habitat. An animal may also be eaten by more than one type of animals in a habitat. For example, in field ecosystem, there are worms, birds, eagles, grasshopper and chickens. The food chains that can be formed in this habitat are: Plants worm bird eagle Plants worm Chicken eagle Plants grasshopper bird eagles Plants grasshopper chicken eagle These food chains can be linked together to form a food web
Worm bird Plant Chicken eagle Grasshopper A food web consists of two or more food chains linked together. These are examples of food webs in different habitats.
Food web in a field Food web in a pond
Food web in a forest Food web in a paddy field
Effects of population change in a Food Web Living things depend on each other for food. Each population of species depends on other species as food source. A change in population of a certain species will affect the population of another species For example : Plant Grasshopper Frog Sparrow In the above food web, If the number of sparrows increases, the number of grasshoppers will decrease. If the population of grasshoppers decreases, the number of frogs and sparrows will also decrease because they do not have enough food to eat. If all plants die, then all the animals in the habitat will also die or migrate to other habitats. Some species of animals eat only one type of food.
These species of animals might face extinction, if not source of food decreases. For example: Pandas only eat bamboo shoots. The population of pandas will be affected if there is a shortage of bamboo plants. Pangolins only eat ants. Pangolins may face extinction if the population of ants decreases. Koala bears only eat eucalyptus leaves. The population of koala bears will decrease greatly, if the population of eucalyptus plants decreases.