English Grammar In Use Raymond Murphy

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Key to Exercises

14.2 UNIT 16 17.3
2 The weather has been cold recently. 3 I didn’t have / hadn’t got my phone
3 It was cold last week. 16.1 4 I have a cold or I’ve got a cold
4 I didn’t eat any fruit yesterday. 2 They’d been playing football. / 5 OK
5 I haven’t eaten any fruit today. 6 I didn’t have any energy
6 Emily has earned a lot of money They had been playing … 7 OK (or It hasn’t got many shops.)
3 I’d been looking forward to it. 8 Did you have (Had you is unusual)
this year. 9 OK
7 She didn’t earn so much last year. / I had been looking forward … 10 he had a beard
8 Have you had a holiday recently? 4 She’d been having a bad dream. / 11 OK (or We’ve got plenty of time.)
12 do you have a shower
14.3 She had been having …
3 I didn’t sleep 5 He’d been watching a film. / 17.4
4 There was … there were 2 has a break
5 worked … he gave He had been watching … 3 had a party
6 She’s lived / She has lived 6 They’d been waiting a long time. / 4 have a look
7 died … I never met 5 ’s having / is having a nice time
8 I’ve never met / I have never met They had been waiting … 6 had a chat
9 I haven’t seen 7 Did you have trouble
10 Did you go … was 16.2 8 had a baby
11 It’s been / It has been … it was 2 I’d been waiting / I had been waiting 9 was having a shower
12 have you lived / have you been living 10 haven’t had a holiday / haven’t had a
… I realised (that) I was (in …)
… did you live … did you live 3 went … had been working or had break

14.4 worked UNIT 18
Example answers: 4 had been playing … started
2 I haven’t bought anything today. 5 Example answer: 18.1
3 I didn’t watch TV yesterday. 2 used to have/ride
4 I went out with some friends I’d been walking for about ten 3 used to live
minutes when a car suddenly 4 used to be
yesterday evening. stopped just behind me. 5 used to eat/like/love
5 I haven’t been to the cinema recently. 6 used to take
6 I’ve read a lot of books recently. 16.3 7 used to be
2 We’d been travelling 8 used to work
UNIT 15 3 He was looking
4 She’d been running 18.2
15.1 5 He was walking 2 used
3 It had changed a lot. 6 I’d had it 3 used to be
4 I hadn’t heard it before. 7 I’d been going 4 did
5 She’d arranged to do something else. / 8 I’ve been training 5 used to
9 (When I finally arrived,) she was 6 use
She had arranged … 7 to
6 The film had already started. waiting … she’d been waiting 8 be able
7 We hadn’t been there before. (such a long time) 9 didn’t
8 I hadn’t seen him for five years. 10 a he was already working
9 They’d just had lunch. / They had b had already been working 18.3
c He’s been working 2–6
just had …
10 He’d never played before. / He had UNIT 17 • She used to be very lazy, but

never played … 17.1 she works very hard these days.
2h
15.2 3c • She didn’t use to like cheese,
2 there was … 4g
5b but she eats lots of cheese now. or
She’d gone / She had gone 6a She used not to like cheese, but …
3 He’d just come back from / 7e
8f • She used to play the piano,
He had just come back from
… He looked 17.2 but she hasn’t played the
4 got a phone call 3 don’t have / haven’t got (haven’t is piano for a long time. / … played it
He was for a long time.
He’d sent her / He had sent her … less usual)
she’d never replied (to them) / she 4 didn’t have • She didn’t use to drink tea,
had never replied (to them) 5 doesn’t have / hasn’t got (hasn’t is
but she likes it now. or She used
15.3 less usual) not to drink tea, but …
2 I went 6 do you have / have you got (have
3 had gone • She used to have a dog, but it
4 he’d already travelled / he had you is less usual)
7 didn’t have died two years ago.
already travelled 8 Does he have / Has he got (Has he is
5 broke 339
6 we saw … had broken … we less usual)
9 did you have
stopped 10 don’t have / haven’t got
11 had … didn’t

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Key to Exercises

18.4 20.2 22.2
Example answers: 2 I’m going to try 2 It will look
3 I used to be a vegetarian, but now I 3 I’m going to say 3 you’ll like / you will like
4 I’m going to wash 4 You’ll enjoy / You will enjoy
eat meat sometimes. 5 I’m not going to accept 5 You’ll get / You will get
4 I used to watch TV a lot, but I 6 I’m going to learn 6 people will live
7 I’m going to run 7 we’ll meet / we will meet
don’t watch it much now. 8 I’m going to complain 8 she’ll come / she will come
5 I used to hate getting up early, but 9 I’m not going to tell 9 she’ll mind
10 it will be
now it’s no problem. 20.3
7 I didn’t use to drink coffee, but I 2 He’s going to be late. 22.3
3 The boat is going to sink. 2 Do you think it will rain?
drink it every day now. 4 They’re going to run out of petrol. 3 When do you think it will end?
8 I didn’t use to like hot weather, but 5 It’s going to cost a lot (of money) to 4 How much do you think it will cost?
5 Do you think they’ll get married? / …
now I love it. repair the car.
they will get married?
UNIT 19 20.4 6 What time do you think you’ll
2 was going to buy
19.1 3 were going to play be back? / … you will be back?
2 How long are you going for? 4 was going to phone 7 What do you think will happen?
3 When are you leaving? 5 was going to be
4 Are you going alone? 6 was going to give up 22.4
5 Are you travelling by car? 7 were you going to say Example answers:
6 Where are you staying? 2 I’ll be in bed.
UNIT 21 3 I’ll be at work.
19.2 4 I’ll probably be at home.
2 We’re having 21.1 5 I don’t know where I’ll be.
3 I’m not working 2 I’ll turn / I’ll switch / I’ll put
4 I’m leaving 3 I’ll check 22.5
5 are you going 4 I’ll do 2 I’ll never forget it.
6 Laura isn’t coming / Laura’s not 5 I’ll show 3 You’ll laugh
6 I’ll have 4 I’m going
coming 7 I’ll stay / I’ll wait 5 will win
7 I’m going 8 I’ll try 6 is coming
8 He’s working / He is working 7 It won’t hurt
21.2 8 What will happen
19.3 2 I think I’ll go to bed. 9 we’re going
Example answers: 3 I think I’ll go for a walk.
2 I’m working tomorrow morning. 4 I don’t think I’ll have (any) lunch. UNIT 23
3 I’m not doing anything 5 I don’t think I’ll go swimming today.
23.1
tomorrow evening. 21.3 2 I’ll lend
4 I’m going swimming next Sunday. 3 I’ll meet 3 I’m going to wash
5 I’m going to a party this evening. 4 I’ll stay 4 I’ll show
5 I’m having 5 are you going to paint
19.4 6 I won’t forget 6 I’m going to buy
2 Are you going 7 we’re going 7 I’ll have
3 he’s moving / he is moving 8 Are you doing 8 I’m not going to finish
4 I’m going / I am going … 9 Will you do 9 (What) is he going to study / (What)’s
10 Do you go
does it start 11 won’t tell he going to study
5 we’re meeting / we are meeting 12 I’ll do 10 I’ll call
6 Are you doing 11 he’s going to have … he’s going to do
7 does this term end … starts 21.4
8 We’re going / We are going … 2 Where shall we go (on holiday)? 23.2
3 Shall I buy it? 2 I’ll see
Who’s getting / Who is getting 4 Shall we get a taxi (or) (shall we) walk? 3 I’m going to sell
9 Are you watching 5 What shall I give/buy/get 4 you’ll find (you’re going to find is
10 leaves … arrives
11 It finishes Helen (for her birthday)? also possible)
12 I’m not using / I am not using 6 What time shall we meet? 5 a I’m going to throw
5 b I’ll have it.
UNIT 20 UNIT 22 6 a I’ll take
6 b Amy is going to take (or Amy is
20.1 22.1
2 What are you going to wear? 2 won’t taking)
3 Where are you going to put it? 3 ’ll / will
4 Who are you going to invite? 4 won’t 5 ’ll / will 23.3 6a
5 How are you going to cook it? 6 won’t 2d 7e
3h 8b
340 4g
5c

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Key to Exercises

UNIT 24 25.4 6 When 27.4
2 if 7 if 3 couldn’t wear
24.1 3 If 8 if 4 couldn’t have managed
2 b is true 4 when 5 couldn’t have been
3 a and c are true 5 If 6 couldn’t afford (or couldn’t manage)
4 b and d are true 7 couldn’t have studied
5 c and d are true UNIT 26 8 couldn’t stand
6 c is true
26.1 UNIT 28
24.2 3 can
2 be going 4 be able to 28.1
3 won’t be playing 5 been able to 2 must
4 will be starting 6 can (or will be able to) 3 can’t
5 be watching 7 be able to 4 must
6 will you be doing 8 can 5 must
7 won’t be going 9 be able to 6 can’t
8 will be landing 7 must
26.2 8 can’t
24.3 Example answers: 9 must
2 we’ll be playing / we will be playing 2 I used to be able to run fast. 10 can’t
3 She’ll be waiting / She will be waiting 3 I’d like to be able to play the piano. 11 must
4 it will have finished (or it will be 4 I’ve never been able to get up early.
28.2
finished) 26.3 3 know
5 you’ll still be living / you will still be 2 could run 4 have left
3 can wait 5 be
living 4 couldn’t sleep 6 have been
6 she’ll have travelled / she will have 5 can’t hear 7 be looking
6 couldn’t believe 8 have heard
travelled 9 have been
7 I’ll be staying / I will be staying 26.4 10 be joking
8 he’ll have spent / he will have spent 2 was able to finish it 11 get / be getting or have
9 I won’t be doing / I will not be doing 3 were able to solve it
4 was able to get away 28.3
UNIT 25 3 It must have been very expensive.
26.5 4 They must have gone away.
25.1 4 couldn’t 5 I must have left it in the
2 we’ll let 5 managed to
3 starts 6 could restaurant last night.
4 it changes 7 managed to 6 It can’t have been easy for her.
5 I’ll make 8 could 7 He must have been waiting
6 I’m 40 9 couldn’t
7 I’ll wait 10 managed to for somebody.
8 he grows up 8 She can’t have understood
9 you’re UNIT 27
10 is what I said. or She couldn’t have
11 will be 27.1 understood what I said.
12 you’ve had 2e 9 I must have forgotten to lock it.
3b 10 They must have been having a party.
25.2 4f 11 The driver can’t have seen the
2 she goes 5a red light. or The driver
3 you know 6d couldn’t have seen …
4 I’ll wait / I will wait … you’re / you are 12 He can’t have worn them much.
5 Will you still be … I get 27.2 7 could
6 there are … I’ll let / I will let 2 could 8 can UNIT 29
7 You won’t recognise / You will not 3 can 9 could
4 could 10 could 29.1
recognise … you see 5 can 2 might know
8 you need … I’m / I am 6 can 3 might be Brazilian
4 may not be possible
25.3 27.3 5 may be Tom’s
2 it gets dark 2 could have come 6 might be driving
3 you decide or you’ve decided / 3 could be 7 might have one
4 could have been 8 may not be feeling well
you have decided 5 could have
4 you’re in Hong Kong / you go 6 could come
7 have moved
to Hong Kong 8 gone
5 build the new road or ’ve built the

new road / have built the new road
6 she apologises or she’s

apologised / she has apologised

341

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Key to Exercises

29.2 31.2 32.5
2 have been 3 have to make 3 You needn’t shout. / You don’t need
3 have arrived 4 don’t have to decide
4 be waiting 5 had to ask to shout. / You don’t have to shout.
5 have told 6 don’t have to pay 4 I didn’t need to go out. / I didn’t
6 have gone 7 didn’t have to go
7 be watching 8 has to make have to go out.
8 have 9 had to stand 5 OK
9 have left 10 will have to drive / ’ll have to drive / is 6 You needn’t lock the door. / You
10 have heard
11 have forgotten going to have to drive don’t need to lock the door. / You
don’t have to lock the door.
29.3 31.3 7 I didn’t need to say anything. / I
2 might not have wanted 3 OK (I have to remember is also correct) didn’t have to say anything.
3 couldn’t have been 4 I had to walk home. 8 OK
4 couldn’t have tried 5 OK (You have to come is also correct)
5 might not have been American 6 He has to study UNIT 33
7 We have to go
UNIT 30 8 She has had to wear glasses since … 33.1
For the present perfect (has had) with 2 You should look for another job.
30.1 since, see Units 11–12. 3 He shouldn’t stay up so late.
2 I’m going to get 4 You should take a picture.
3 He might come 31.4 5 She shouldn’t worry so much.
4 I might hang 3 don’t have to 6 He should put some pictures on
5 She’s going 4 mustn’t
6 I might go away 5 don’t have to the walls.
6 doesn’t have to
30.2 7 don’t have to 33.2
2 might wake 8 mustn’t 2 should be here soon
3 might spill 9 mustn’t 3 should be working OK
4 might need 10 don’t have to 4 shouldn’t take long
5 might hear 5 should receive
6 might slip UNIT 32 6 should be much warmer
7 shouldn’t cost more
30.3 32.1 8 should solve
2 might have to leave 2d 5g
3 might be able to meet 3b 6a 33.3
4 might have to pay 4e 7c 3 should do
5 might have to wait 4 should have done
6 might be able to fix 32.2 5 should have won
2 must 6 should come
30.4 3 mustn’t 7 should have turned
2 I might not recognise him. 4 don’t need to 8 should have done
3 We might not be able to get tickets 5 mustn’t
6 needn’t 33.4
for the game. 7 mustn’t 2 We should have reserved a table.
4 I might not have time to do the 8 don’t need to 3 I should have written down her
9 needn’t … must
shopping. address. / I should have written her
5 I might not be able to go to the 32.3 address down. or I should have
2 needn’t come written it down.
wedding. 3 needn’t walk 4 The shop should be open (now / by
4 needn’t keep now). / The shop should have
30.5 5 needn’t worry opened by now. or It should …
2 I might as well buy a new one. 5 I shouldn’t have been looking at my
3 I might as well paint the bathroom too. 32.4 phone. or
4 We might as well watch it. 2 You needn’t have walked home. You I should have looked / been looking
where I was going.
UNIT 31 could have taken a taxi. 6 She shouldn’t be doing 50. /
3 They needn’t have stayed at a hotel. She shouldn’t be driving so fast. /
31.1 She should be driving more slowly.
3 I have to go / I’ll have to go They could have stayed with us. 7 I shouldn’t have gone to work
4 do you have to go / will you 4 She needn’t have phoned me at (yesterday).
8 Team A should win (the match).
have to go 3 am. She could have waited until 9 The driver in front shouldn’t have
5 he has to get up the morning. stopped without warning. / …
6 We had to run 5 You needn’t have shouted at me. shouldn’t have stopped so suddenly.
7 does she have to work You could have been more patient.
8 I had to do
9 do you have to be
10 We had to close
11 did you have to pay

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Key to Exercises

UNIT 34 35.3 UNIT 37
2 had
34.1 3 not 37.1
2 I should stay / I stay / I stayed a little 4 should 2g
5 to 3d
longer 6 I’d 4b
3 they should visit / they visit / they 7 were 5a
8 better 6h
visited the museum after lunch 9 hadn’t 7f
4 we should pay / we pay / we paid 10 do 8c
11 did
the rent by Friday 12 was 37.2
5 we should go / we go / we went to 2 Would you like
35.4 3 I’d like
the cinema 2 It’s time I had a holiday. 4 Would you like to come
3 It’s time the children were in bed. / 5 Can I take
34.2 6 I’d like to
2 OK … went to bed. 7 Would you like to try
4 It’s time I started cooking (the) 8 Do you mind
(‘suggested that we should meet’ is
also correct) dinner. 37.3
3 What do you suggest I do / 5 It’s time she/Kate stopped 2 Can/Could I/we have the
I should do
4 OK complaining about everything. bill, please? or … get the bill?
(‘suggest I buy’ is also correct) 6 It’s time (some) changes were made 3 Can/Could you check these forms
5 I suggest you read / you should
read … UNIT 36 (for me)? or Do you think you
6 OK could check …?
(‘suggested that Anna should learn’, 36.1 4 Can/Could you turn the music
‘suggested that Anna learns’ and Example answers: down, please? / … turn it down? or
‘suggested that Anna learnt/learned’ 2 I wouldn’t like to be a teacher. Do you think you could turn …?
are also correct) 3 I’d love to learn to fly a plane. 5 Is it OK if I close the window? or
4 It would be nice to have a big garden. Is it all right if …? or
34.3 5 I’d like to go to Mexico. Can I close …? or
2 should say Do you mind if I close …?
3 should worry 36.2 6 Would you like to sit down? or
4 should leave 2 ’d enjoy / would enjoy Would you like a seat? or
5 should ask 3 ’d have enjoyed / would have Can I offer you a seat?
6 should vote 7 Can/Could you tell me how to get to
7 should be done enjoyed the station? or … the way to the
4 would you do station? or … where the station is?
34.4 5 ’d have stopped / would have 8 Can/Could I try on these trousers? or
2 If it should rain Can/Could I try these (trousers) on? or
3 If there should be any problems stopped I’d like to try on these trousers. or
4 If anyone should ask 6 would have been Is it OK if I try …
6 Should it rain 7 ’d be / would be 9 Can/Could I get your autograph? /
7 Should there be any problems 8 would have … have your autograph? or
8 Should anyone ask Do you think I could get/have your
36.3 autograph?
34.5 2e 5a
2 I should keep 3b 6d UNIT 38
3 I should call 4f
4 I should get 38.1
36.4 2 dropped
UNIT 35 2 He promised he’d call. / 3 lost
4 happened
35.1 … he would call. 5 went
2 We’d better reserve a table. 3 You promised you wouldn’t tell 6 did
3 You’d better put a plaster on it. 7 was
4 You’d better not go to work this her. or … wouldn’t tell anyone/
anybody. 38.2
morning. 4 They promised they’d wait (for us). / 2b
5 I’d/We’d better check what time the … they would wait. 3a
4b
film starts. 36.5 5b
6 I’d better not disturb her right now. 2 wouldn’t tell 6a
3 wouldn’t speak 7b
35.2 4 wouldn’t let
2 OK 343
3 You should come more often. 36.6
4 OK 2 would shake
5 OK 3 would share
6 everybody should learn a foreign 4 would always forget
5 would stay
language 6 would always smile
7 OK

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Key to Exercises

38.3 UNIT 40 UNIT 41
2 I bought
3 would you invite 40.1 41.1
4 he asked 2 If she’d missed / she had missed 2 hope
5 I’d be / I would be 3 wish
6 somebody gave … I’d have / I would (the train), she’d have missed / she 4 wished
would have missed (her flight too). 5 hope
have 3 I’d have forgotten / I would have 6 wish
7 Would you be … you met forgotten (if) you hadn’t reminded 7 hope
8 would you do … you were … it 4 I’d had / I had had (your email
address) I’d have sent / I would have 41.2
stopped sent (you an email) 2 wasn’t/weren’t
5 they’d have enjoyed / they would 3 ’d told / had told
38.4 have enjoyed (it more if the weather) 4 had / could have
2 If we stayed at a hotel, it would cost had been (better) 5 could
6 It would have been (quicker if) we’d 6 hadn’t bought
too much. walked / we had walked 7 didn’t have
3 If I told you what happened, you 7 you’d told / you had told (me) I’d 8 have gone
have tried / I would have tried
wouldn’t believe me. or … believe it. 8 I were / I was 41.3
4 If she left her job, it would be hard to 9 I’d been / I had been 2 I wish she would come. or

find another one. 40.2 … would hurry up.
5 If he applied for the job, he wouldn’t 2 If the road hadn’t been icy, the 3 I wish somebody would give

get it. accident wouldn’t have happened. me a job.
3 If I’d known / If I had known (that 4 I wish the/that dog would
UNIT 39
you had to get up early), I’d have stop barking.
39.1 woken / I would have woken you up. 5 I wish you wouldn’t drive so fast.
3 I’d help / I would help 4 If I hadn’t lost my phone (or If I’d had 6 I wish you wouldn’t leave the
4 It would taste my phone), I’d have called you. or
5 we lived … I would have called you. or door open (all the time).
6 we’d live / we would live … I could have called you. 7 I wish people wouldn’t drop
7 I was / I were 5 If Karen hadn’t been wearing a seat
8 it wasn’t / it weren’t belt, she’d have been injured / litter in the street.
9 I wouldn’t wait … I’d go / I would go she would have been injured (in the
10 you didn’t go … you wouldn’t be crash). or … she might have been 41.4
11 there weren’t … there wouldn’t be injured or … she could have 3 I knew
12 would you do if you didn’t have been injured 4 we hadn’t gone
6 If you’d had / If you had had (some) 5 the bus would come
39.2 breakfast, you wouldn’t be hungry 6 I could come
2 I’d / I would buy them if they weren’t now. 7 it was/were
7 If I’d had / If I had had enough 8 I’d taken / I had taken
so expensive. money, I’d have got / I would have 9 you’d listen / you would listen
3 We’d / We would go on holiday if we got a taxi. (or … taken a taxi) 10 you wouldn’t complain or
8 If Dan had done well/better at
could afford it. school, he could/would have gone you didn’t complain
4 We could have lunch outside to university. 11 it wasn’t/weren’t
12 the weather would change
if it weren’t/wasn’t raining. 40.3 13 I had / I could have
5 If I wanted his advice, I’d / I would 2 I wish I’d learned / I wish I had learned 14 we could have stayed

ask for it. to play a musical instrument (when I UNIT 42
was younger). or I wish I could play
39.3 … / I wish I was able to play … 42.1
2 I wish I had more free time. 3 I wish I hadn’t painted it red. or 2 is made
3 I wish Helen were/was here. … the gate red. or I wish I had 3 was damaged
4 I wish it weren’t/wasn’t (so) cold. painted it a different colour. 4 are shown
5 I wish I didn’t live in a big city. 4 I wish we’d gone / I wish we had 5 were invited
6 I wish I could find my phone. gone by train. or 6 ’s/is found
7 I wish I was/were feeling well/better. I wish we hadn’t gone by car. 7 were overtaken
8 I wish I didn’t have to get up early 5 I wish we’d had / I wish we had had 8 are held
more time (to do all the things we 9 was injured
tomorrow. wanted to do). 10 is surrounded
9 I wish I knew more about science. 6 I wish I hadn’t moved (to my new 11 was sent
flat). or I wish I’d stayed where I 12 is owned
39.4 was. / … stayed in my old flat.
Example answers: 42.2
1 I wish I was at home. 2 When was television invented?
2 I wish I had a big garden. 3 How are mountains formed?
3 I wish I could tell jokes. 4 When was DNA discovered?
4 I wish I was taller. 5 What is silver used for?

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Key to Exercises

42.3 UNIT 44 45.3
2 a covers 2 You’re / You are supposed to
44.1
b is covered 2 was given be my friend.
3 a was stolen 3 wasn’t told / was not told 3 I’m / I am supposed to be on a diet.
4 ’s paid / is paid 4 It was supposed to be a joke.
b disappeared 5 been shown 5 Or maybe it’s / it is supposed
4 a died 6 was asked
7 weren’t given / were not given to be a flower.
b were brought up 8 to be offered 6 You’re / You are supposed to
5 a sank
44.2 be working.
b was rescued 2 being invited 7 It’s supposed to be open every day.
6 a was fired 3 being given
4 being knocked down 45.4
b resigned 5 being bitten 2 ’re / are supposed to start
7 a doesn’t bother 6 being treated 3 was supposed to phone
7 being stuck 4 aren’t / ’re not / are not
b ’m/am not bothered
8 a was knocked 44.3 supposed to put
2 got stung 5 was supposed to depart
b fell 3 get used 6 isn’t / ’s not / is not supposed to lift
9 a are they called 4 got stolen
5 get paid UNIT 46
b do you call 6 get broken
7 get asked 46.1
42.4 8 got stopped 1b 3a
2 All flights were cancelled because 2a 4b
44.4
of fog. 3 were 46.2
3 I was accused of stealing money. 4 given 2 Sarah has her car serviced once a year.
4 How is this word used? 5 lost 3 Have you had your eyes tested
5 All taxes are included in the price. 6 being
6 We were warned not to go out alone. 7 get recently?
7 This office isn’t / is not used any more. 8 doesn’t 4 I don’t like having my hair cut.
8 Five hundred people were invited to 9 was 5 It cost fifteen pounds to have my suit
10 weren’t
the wedding. cleaned.
UNIT 45 6 You need to get this document
UNIT 43
45.1 translated as soon as possible.
43.1 2 Many people are reported to
3 be made 46.3
4 be kept be homeless after the floods. 2 I had it cut.
5 have been repaired 3 The thieves are thought to have got 3 We had them cleaned.
6 be carried 4 He had it built.
7 have been arrested in through a window in the roof. 5 I had them delivered.
8 be delayed 4 The driver (of the car) is alleged to 6 She had them repaired.
9 have been caused
10 be knocked have been driving at 110 miles an 46.4
11 be known hour. or … to have driven at … 2f 5c
12 have been forgotten 5 The building is reported to have 3a 6b
been badly damaged by the fire. 4e
43.2 6 The company is said to be losing a
3 It’s been stolen! / It has been stolen! lot of money. 46.5
4 Somebody has taken it. or 7 The company is believed to have lost 2 We had our bags searched.
a lot of money last year. 3 I’ve had my salary increased. or
… taken my umbrella. 8 The company is expected to make a
5 He hasn’t been seen since then. loss this year. I had my salary increased.
6 I haven’t seen her for ages. 4 He’s had his application refused. or
7 Have you ever been stung by a bee? 45.2
8 It’s / It is being repaired at the moment. 2 they’re / they are supposed to be He had his application refused.
9 It hasn’t / It has not been found yet. 3 it’s / it is supposed to have been
10 The furniture had been moved. 4 they’re / they are supposed to have UNIT 47

43.3 won 47.1
2 A new road is being built 5 the view is supposed to be 2 (that) it was too far
3 Two new hotels have been built 6 she’s / she is supposed to be living 3 (that) she didn’t want to go
4 some new houses were being built 4 (that) he would let me know next week.
5 The date of the meeting has been 5 (that) he hadn’t seen her for a while
6 (that) I could borrow hers.
changed. 7 (that) she wasn’t enjoying it very much
6 I didn’t know that our conversation 8 (that) he sold it a few months ago

was being recorded. or he’d sold it … / he had sold it …
7 Is anything being done about the 9 (that) she didn’t know
10 (that) there were twenty students in
problem?
8 They hadn’t / had not been cleaned her class

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Key to Exercises

47.2 49.2 50.3
Example answers: 3 Who paid the bill? / Who paid it? 2 She asked me how long I’d
2 wasn’t coming / was going 4 What are you worried about?
5 What happened? been in London. or
somewhere else / couldn’t come 6 What did she/Diane say? … how long I had been …
3 they didn’t like each other / 7 Who does it / this book belong to? 3 They asked me if/whether I’d been
8 Who lives in that house? / to London before. or
they didn’t get on with each other / … I had been …
they couldn’t stand each other Who lives there? 4 She asked me if/whether I liked
4 he didn’t know anyone 9 What did you fall over? London.
5 she would be away / she was going 10 What fell off the shelf? 5 He asked me where I was staying.
away 11 What does it / this word mean? 6 She asked me how long I was going
6 you were staying at home 12 Who was she/Sarah with? to stay.
7 you couldn’t speak / you didn’t 13 What are you looking for? 7 She asked me if/whether I thought
speak any other languages 14 Who does she/Emma remind you of? London was expensive. or
8 he’d seen you / he saw you last … is expensive.
weekend 49.3 8 They asked me why I’d come to
2 How is cheese made? London. or … why I had come …
UNIT 48 3 Why isn’t Sue working today? or … why I came …
4 What time are your friends arriving?
48.1 5 Why was the meeting cancelled? UNIT 51
2 But you said you didn’t like fish. 6 When was paper invented?
3 But you said you couldn’t drive. 7 Where were your parents born? 51.1
4 But you said she had a very 8 Why didn’t you come to the party? 2 doesn’t
9 How did the accident happen? 3 was
well-paid job. 10 Why aren’t you happy? 4 has
5 But you said you didn’t have 11 How many languages can you speak? 5 will
6 should
any brothers or sisters. 49.4 7 won’t
6 But you said you’d / you had never 2 Don’t you like him? 8 do
3 Isn’t it good? 9 didn’t
been to the United States. 4 Don’t you have any? or Haven’t 10 might
7 But you said you were working 11 am … isn’t or ’m not … is or
you got any?
tomorrow evening. can’t … can or can’t … is
8 But you said she was a friend UNIT 50 12 would … could … can’t

of yours. 50.1 51.2
2c 3 Do you? I don’t.
48.2 3a 4 Didn’t you? I did.
2 Tell 4b 5 Aren’t you? I am.
3 Say 5b 6 Did you? I didn’t.
4 said 6c
5 told 7b 51.3
6 said 8a Example answers:
7 told 3 So did I. or
8 said 50.2
9 tell … said 2 How far is it to the airport? Did you? What did you watch?
10 tell … say 3 I wonder how old Tom is. 4 Neither will I. or
4 How long have they been married?
48.3 5 Do you know how long they have Won’t you? Where will you be?
2 her to slow down 5 So do I. or
3 her not to worry been married?
4 asked Tom to give me a hand or 6 Could you tell me where the Do you? What sort of books do
you like?
… to help me station is? 6 So would I. or
5 asked/told me to open my bag 7 I don’t know whether anyone was Would you? Where would you like
6 told him to mind his own business to live?
7 asked her to marry him injured in the accident. 7 Neither can I. or
8 told her not to wait (for me) if 8 Do you know what time you will Can’t you? Why not?
8 So am I. or
I was late arrive tomorrow? Are you? Are you doing something
nice?
UNIT 49
51.4 6 I’m afraid so.
49.1 2 I hope so. 7 I think so.
2 Were you born there? 3 I hope not. 8 I’m afraid not.
3 Are you married? 4 I don’t think so.
4 How long have you been married? 5 I suppose so.
5 What do you do?
6 What does your wife do?
7 Do you have (any) children? or

Have you got (any) children?
8 How old are they?

346

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Key to Exercises

UNIT 52 53.2 54.5
2 making 2 what to do
52.1 3 listening 3 how to ride
3 don’t you 4 applying 4 whether to go
4 were you 5 reading 5 where to put
5 does she 6 living 6 how to use
6 isn’t he 7 travelling
7 did it 8 forgetting UNIT 55
8 can’t you 9 paying
9 will they 10 trying 55.1
10 aren’t there 11 losing 2 or do you want me to lend
11 shall we 12 interrupting
12 is it you some
13 aren’t I 53.3 3 or would you like me to shut it
14 would you 2 I don’t mind you driving it. 4 or would you like me to show you
15 hasn’t she 3 Can you imagine anybody being so 5 or do you want me to repeat it
16 should I 6 or do you want me to wait
17 had he stupid?
18 will you 4 We can’t stop it raining. 55.2
5 I don’t want to keep you waiting. 2 to stay with them
52.2 3 to call Joe.
2 It’s (very) expensive, isn’t it? 53.4 4 him to be careful
3 The course was great, wasn’t it? Example answers: 5 her to give him a hand
4 You’ve had your hair cut, haven’t 2 going out
3 sitting on the floor 55.3
you? or 4 having a picnic 2 I didn’t expect it to rain.
You had your hair cut, didn’t you? 5 laughing 3 Let him do what he wants.
5 She has a good voice, doesn’t she? 6 breaking down 4 Tom’s glasses make him look older.
or She has a good voice, hasn’t she? 5 I want you to know the truth.
or She’s got / She has got a good UNIT 54 6 Sarah persuaded me to apply
voice, hasn’t she?
6 It doesn’t look right, does it? 54.1 for the job.
7 This bridge isn’t very safe, is it? or 2 to help him 7 My lawyer advised me not to
… doesn’t look very safe, does it? 3 to carry her bag (for her)
4 to meet at 8 o’clock say anything to the police.
52.3 5 to tell him her name / to give 8 I was warned not to believe
2 Joe, you couldn’t help me (with this
him her name everything he says.
table), could you? 6 not to tell anyone or (She 9 Having a car enables you to
3 Lisa, you don’t know where Sarah
promised) she wouldn’t tell anyone. get around more easily.
is, do you? or
… you haven’t seen Sarah, have you? 54.2 55.4
4 Helen, you don’t have a tennis 2 to get 2 to do
racket, do you? or 3 to live 3 cry
… you haven’t got a tennis racket, 4 to play 4 to study
have you? 5 to tell 5 finish
5 Anna, you couldn’t take me to the 6 say or to say 6 do
station, could you? or 7 to do
… you couldn’t give me a lift to the 54.3 8 drive
station, could you? 2 to look 9 change
6 Robert, you haven’t seen my keys, 3 to move 10 to work
have you? 4 waiting
5 to finish UNIT 56
UNIT 53 6 barking
7 to be 56.1
53.1 8 having 2 driving
2 playing tennis 9 missing 3 to go
3 going for a walk 10 to say 4 going
4 causing the accident 5 to win
5 waiting a few minutes 54.4 6 asking
6 not telling the truth or 2 Tom appears to be worried 7 asking
8 to answer
(She admitted) lying. about something. 9 causing
3 You seem to know a lot of people. 10 to do
4 My English seems to be 11 being
12 to climb
getting better. 13 to tell
5 That car appears to have 14 talking … to see

broken down.
6 Rachel seems to be enjoying her job.
7 They claim to have solved the problem.

347

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Key to Exercises

56.2 UNIT 58 59.2
2 He doesn’t remember crying 3 prefer
3 He remembers falling into the river. 58.1 4 eat / stay
4 He doesn’t remember saying he Example answers: 5 I’d rather (wait) / I’d prefer to (wait)
2 I don’t mind playing cards. 6 to go
wanted to be a doctor. or 3 I don’t like being alone. or 7 (I’d) rather (think) / (I’d) prefer to
He doesn’t remember wanting to be
a doctor. … to be alone. (think)
5 He doesn’t remember being bitten 4 I enjoy going to museums. 8 I’d prefer
by a dog. 5 I love cooking. or I love to cook. 9 go
6 He remembers his sister being born 6 I hate getting up early. 11 I’d rather listen to some music than
(when he was four).
58.2 watch TV.
56.3 2 She likes teaching biology. 12 I’d prefer to eat/stay at home rather
1 b meeting 3 He likes taking pictures. or
than go to a restaurant.
c leaving/putting He likes to take pictures. 13 I’d rather go for a swim than play
d to say 4 I didn’t like working there.
e lending 5 She likes studying medicine. tennis. or … than have a game
f to call/phone 6 He doesn’t like being famous. of tennis.
2 a doing 7 She doesn’t like taking risks. or 14 I’d prefer to think about it for a while
b to say rather than decide now.
c wearing / having / taking / She doesn’t like to take risks.
8 I like to know things in advance. 59.3
putting on 2 (would you rather) I paid it
d leaving / giving up 58.3 3 would you rather I did it
3 a to become 2 to sit 4 would you rather I phoned her
b working 3 turning
c reading 4 doing or to do 59.4
d going up / rising / increasing 5 to get 2 came
6 being 3 watch
UNIT 57 7 to come / to go 4 than
8 living / being 5 didn’t
57.1 9 to talk 6 was
2 to reach 10 to have / to know / to get / 7 to watch
3 knocking 8 didn’t
4 to put to hear / to be told 9 did
5 to concentrate 11 to wait 10 rather than
6 asking 12 losing or to lose
7 calling UNIT 60
8 to remember 58.4
9 restarting 2 I would like / I’d like to have seen the 60.1
2 applying for the job
57.2 programme. 3 remembering names
2 It needs cutting. 3 I would hate / I’d hate to have lost 4 winning the lottery
3 They need cleaning. 5 being late
4 They need tightening. my watch. 6 eating at home
5 It needs emptying. 4 I would love / I’d love to have met 7 having to queue or

57.3 your parents. (without) queuing
2 washing 5 I wouldn’t like to have been alone. 8 being 90 years old
3 looking 6 I would prefer / I’d prefer to have
4 to think 60.2
5 cutting travelled by train. 2 by standing
6 to go 3 by pressing
7 to iron UNIT 59 4 by borrowing
8 ironing 5 by driving
59.1 6 by putting
57.4 Example answers:
2 look or to look 2 I prefer basketball to football. 60.3
3 overhearing 3 I prefer going to the cinema to 2 paying/settling
4 smiling 3 going
5 make or to make watching movies at home. 4 making
6 organise or to organise 4 I prefer being very busy to having 5 being/travelling/sitting
7 thinking 6 going
8 get or to get nothing to do. 7 asking/telling/consulting/informing
6 I prefer to go to the cinema rather 8 doing/having
9 turning/going
than watch movies at home. or 10 taking
I prefer going to the cinema rather 11 bending
than watching movies at home. 12 buying
7 I prefer to be very busy rather than
have nothing to do. or I prefer
being very busy to having nothing
to do.

348

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Key to Exercises

60.4 62.2 UNIT 64
2 I’m looking forward to seeing 2 of stealing
3 from taking off 64.1
her (again). 4 of getting 2 I opened the box to see what was in it.
3 I’m not looking forward to going to 5 on telling 3 I moved to a new apartment to be
6 to eating
the dentist (tomorrow). 7 for being nearer my friends.
4 She’s looking forward to leaving 8 from walking (or … stop people 4 I couldn’t find a knife to chop the

school (next summer). walking) onions. or
5 They’re looking forward to moving 9 for inviting … a knife to chop the onions with.
10 of using 5 I called the police to report the
(to their new apartment). 11 of (not) trying accident.
6 I called the hotel to find out if they
UNIT 61 62.3 had any rooms free.
2 on taking Ann to the station 7 I employed an assistant to help me
61.1 3 on getting married with my work.
2 used to going 4 Sue for coming to see her
3 used to working / used to being 5 (to me) for being late 64.2
4 used to walking 6 me of not caring about other people 2 to do
5 used to living 3 to walk
UNIT 63 4 to drink
61.2 5 to put / to carry
1 It took her a few months to get used 63.1 6 to discuss / to consider / to talk about
2h 6a 7 to go / to travel
to it. … 3d 7e 8 to talk / to speak
She’s used to working nights. / She 4g 8c 9 to wear / to put on
is used to working nights. 5b 10 to celebrate
2 When Jack started working in this 11 to help / to assist
job, he wasn’t used to driving two 63.2 12 to be
hours to work every morning, but 2 There’s no point in working if you
after some time he got used to it. 64.3
… He’s used to driving two hours don’t need money. 2 to
every morning. / He is used to 3 There’s no point in trying to study if 3 for
driving … 4 to
you feel tired. or 5 for
61.3 There’s no point in studying if … 6 for
2 No, I’m used to sleeping on the floor. 4 There’s no point in hurrying if you 7 to
3 I’m used to working long hours. have plenty of time. 8 for … to
4 I’m not used to the crowds (of people).
63.3 64.4
61.4 2 remembering people’s names 2 so that I wouldn’t get/be cold.
2 They soon got used to her. / … 3 finding a job / getting a job 3 so that he could contact me. /
4 getting a ticket for the game
to the/their new teacher. 5 understanding one another … would be able to contact me.
3 She had to get used to living in 4 so that nobody else would hear us. /
63.4
a much smaller house. 2 going / travelling / getting so that nobody else could hear us. /
4 She can’t get used to the weather. 3 getting … would be able to hear us.
5 He had to get used to having less 4 watching 5 so that we can start the meeting on
5 going / climbing / walking time. / so that we’ll be able to start …
money. 6 getting / being 6 so that we wouldn’t forget anything.
7 practising 7 so that the car behind me could
61.5 8 working overtake. / … would be able to
2 drink 9 applying overtake.
3 eating 10 trying
4 having UNIT 65
5 have/own 63.5
6 go 2 went swimming 65.1
7 be 3 go skiing 2 The window was difficult to open.
8 being 4 goes riding 3 Some words are impossible to
5 ’s/has gone shopping or
UNIT 62 translate.
went shopping 4 A car is expensive to maintain.
62.1 5 This meat isn’t safe to eat.
2 doing 6 My house is easy to get to from here.
3 coming/going
4 doing/trying 65.2
5 buying/having 2 It’s an easy mistake to make.
6 solving 3 It’s a great place to live.
7 buying/having/owning 4 It was a strange thing to say.
8 seeing

349

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Key to Exercises

65.3 UNIT 67 68.4
2 glad 2 Thinking they might be hungry, …
3 to hear 6 amazed 67.1 3 Being a vegetarian, …
4 of you 7 to make 1 b give 4 Not having a phone, …
5 to help 8 not 2 a stopped 5 Having travelled a lot, …
9 silly 6 Not being able to speak the local
b stop
65.4 3 a open language, …
2 Paul was the last (person) to arrive. 7 Having spent nearly all our money, …
3 Emily was the only student to pass b opened
4 a say UNIT 69
(the exam). / … the only one to pass
(the exam). b said (says is also possible) 69.1
4 I was the second customer/person to 5 a fell 3 We went to a very nice restaurant …
complain. 4 OK
5 Neil Armstrong was the first person/ b fall 5 I use a toothbrush …
man to walk on the moon. 6 … if there’s a bank near here?
67.2 7 … for an insurance company.
65.5 2 We saw Clare eating/sitting in a 8 OK
2 You’re / You are bound to be tired 9 … we stayed in a big hotel.
3 He’s / He is sure to forget restaurant. 10 If you have a problem …
4 It’s / It is not likely to rain or 3 We saw David and Helen playing 11 … It’s an interesting idea.
12 OK
It isn’t likely to rain tennis. 13 … It’s a good game.
5 There’s / There is sure to be 4 We could smell something burning. 14 OK
5 We could hear Bill playing his/the 15 … wearing a beautiful necklace.
16 … have an airport?
guitar.
6 We saw Linda jogging/running.

UNIT 66 67.3 8 explode 69.2 8 a question
3 say 9 crawling 3 a key 9 a moment
66.1 4 happen 10 riding 4 a coat 10 blood
3 I’m afraid of losing it. 5 crying 11 slam 5 ice 11 a decision
4 I was afraid to tell her. 6 put 12 lying 6 a biscuit 12 an interview
5 We were afraid of missing our train. 7 tell 7 electricity
6 We were afraid to look.
7 I was afraid of dropping it. UNIT 68 69.3 8 air
8 Don’t be afraid to ask. 2 days 9 patience
9 I was afraid of running out of petrol. 68.1 3 meat 10 an umbrella
2 Amy was sitting in an armchair 4 a queue 11 languages
66.2 5 jokes 12 space
2 interested in starting reading a book. 6 friends
3 interested to know / interested to hear 3 Nicola opened the door carefully 7 people
4 interested in studying
5 interested to hear / interested to trying not to make a noise. UNIT 70
4 Sarah went out saying she would be
know (interested in hearing/knowing 70.1
is also possible here) back in an hour. 1 b there’s a lot of noise
6 interested in looking 5 Lisa worked in Rome for two years 2 a Light

66.3 teaching English. b a light
2 sorry to hear 6 Anna walked around the town looking 3 a time
3 sorry for saying / sorry I said
4 sorry to see at the sights and taking pictures. b a great time
5 sorry for making / sorry I made 4 a a glass of water
68.2
66.4 2 I got very wet walking in the rain. b broken glass
1 b to leave 3 Laura had an accident driving to 5 a a very nice room

c from leaving work. b room
2 a to solve 4 My friend slipped and fell getting off
70.2
b to solve a bus. 2 bad luck
c in solving 5 Emily hurt her back trying to lift a 3 journey
3 a of going / about going 4 complete chaos
b to go (or on going) heavy box. 5 doesn’t
c to go 6 Two people were overcome by 6 some lovely scenery
d to going 7 very hard work
4 a to buy smoke trying to put out the fire. 8 paper
b on buying 9 heavy traffic
c to buy 68.3 10 Your hair is … it
d of buying Example answers:
2 Having bought our tickets / Having

got our tickets
3 Having discussed the problem /

Having talked about the problem /
Having thought about the problem
4 Having said he was hungry
5 Having lost his job / Having given up
his job / Having been fired from his job
6 Having spent most of his life / Having
lived (for) most of his life

350

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Key to Exercises

70.3 UNIT 72 UNIT 73
2 furniture
3 chairs 7 advice 72.1 73.1
4 hair 8 experience 1 … and a magazine. The book is in 1 a lift
5 progress 9 experiences 2 a nice holiday … the best holiday
6 permission 10 damage my bag, but I can’t remember where 3 the nearest shop … the end of this
I put the magazine.
70.4 2 I saw an accident this morning. A street
2 I’d like some information about car crashed into a tree. The driver of 4 a lovely day … a cloud in the sky
the car wasn’t hurt, but the car was 5 the most expensive hotel … a
places to visit (in the town). badly damaged.
3 Can you give me some advice about 3 … a blue one and a grey one. The cheaper hotel
blue one belongs to my neighbours. 6 to travel in space … go to the moon
which courses to do? / … courses I I don’t know who the owner of the 7 think of the movie … I thought the
can do? grey one is.
4 I’ve (just) got some good news. / 4 My friends live in an old house in a ending …
I’ve (just) had some good news. / small village. There is a beautiful 8 Is it a star? No, it’s a planet. It’s the
I (just) got some good news. garden behind the house. I would
5 It’s a beautiful view (from here), like to have a garden like that. largest planet in the solar system.
isn’t it?
6 What horrible/awful weather! 72.2 73.2
1 aa 2 TV
UNIT 71 4 a the 3 the radio
b the ba 4 The television
71.1 c the c an 5 dinner
3 They’re vegetables. 2 aa 6 the same name
4 It’s a flower. ba 5 a the 7 for breakfast
5 They’re planets. c the ba 8 vitamin C
6 It’s a game. 3 a the ca 9 the internet
7 They’re tools. b the 10 the ground … the sky
8 They’re rivers. ca 11 The next train … platform 3
9 It’s an insect.
10 They’re languages. 72.3 73.3
2 the dentist 2 … doing the same thing
71.2 3 the door 3 Room 25 is on the second floor.
2 He’s a waiter. 4 a problem 4 It was a very hot day. It was the
3 She’s a journalist. 5 the station
4 He’s a surgeon. 6 the post office hottest day of the year.
5 He’s a chef. 7 a very good player 5 We had lunch in a nice restaurant by
6 He’s a plumber. 8 an airport
7 She’s a tour guide. 9 The nearest airport the sea.
8 She’s an interpreter. 10 the floor 6 What’s on at the cinema …
11 the book 7 I had a big breakfast …
71.3 12 a job in a bank 8 You’ll find the information you need
2 a careful driver 13 a small apartment in the city centre
3 some books 14 a shop at the end of the street at the top of page 15.
4 books
5 sore feet 72.4 73.4
6 a sore throat Example answers: 2 the sea
7 a lovely present 2 About once a month. 3 question 3
8 some students 3 Once or twice a year. 4 the cinema
9 without an umbrella 4 About seven hours a night. 5 the question
10 Some people 5 Two or three times a week. 6 breakfast
6 About two hours a day. 7 Gate 24
71.4 7 50 kilometres an hour. 8 the gate
4a
5 Some UNIT 74
6 an
7 – (You’re always asking questions!) 74.1
8a 2 school
9 – (Do you like staying in hotels?) 3 the school
10 Some 4 school
11 – (Those are nice shoes.) 5 … get to and from school
12 You need a visa to visit some 6 the school
7 school
countries 8 … walk to school. The school isn’t …
13 Kate is a teacher. Her parents were

teachers too.
14 He’s a liar. He’s always telling lies.

351

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Key to Exercises

74.2 75.4 77.2
1 b university 1 stories 3 OK
2 the words 4 … and the United States
c university 3 the rooms 5 … than the north
d the university 4 public transport 6 OK
2 a hospital 5 All the books 7 OK
b the hospital 6 Life 8 … in the Swiss Alps
c the hospital 7 The weather 9 The UK …
d hospital 8 water 10 The Seychelles … in the Indian Ocean
3 a prison 9 films (‘films with unhappy endings’ 11 OK
b the prison 12 The River Volga flows into the
c prison in general)
4 a church Caspian Sea.
b church UNIT 76
c the church 77.3
76.1 2 (in) South America
74.3 1 b the cheetah 3 the Nile
2 to work 4 Sweden
3 bed c the kangaroo (and the rabbit) 5 the United States
4 at home 2 a the swan 6 the Rockies
5 the bed 7 the Mediterranean
6 after work b the penguin 8 Australia
7 in bed c the owl 9 the Pacific
8 home 3 a the wheel 10 the Indian Ocean
9 work b the laser 11 the Thames
10 like home c the telescope 12 the Danube
4 a the rupee 13 Thailand
74.4 b the (Canadian) dollar 14 the Panama Canal
2 to school c the … 15 the Amazon
3 at home or stayed home
76.2 7a UNIT 78
(without at) 2a 8 The
4 to work 3 the 9 the 78.1
5 at university 4a 10 a 2 Turner’s in Carter Road
6 in bed 5 the 3 the Crown (Hotel) in Park Road
7 to hospital 6 the 4 St Peter’s in Market Street
8 in prison 5 the City Museum in George Street
76.3 6 Blackstone’s in Forest Avenue
UNIT 75 2 the sick 7 Mario’s in George Street
3 the unemployed 8 Victoria Park at the end of Market
75.1 4 the injured
Example answers: 5 the elderly Street
2–5 I like cats. 6 the rich
78.2
I don’t like zoos. 76.4 2 The Eiffel Tower
I don’t mind snow. 2 a German 3 Buckingham Palace
I’m not interested in boxing. 4 The White House
Germans / German people 5 The Kremlin
75.2 3 a Frenchman/Frenchwoman 6 Broadway
1 b the apples 7 The Acropolis
2 a the people the French / French people 8 Gatwick Airport
4 a Russian
b people 78.3
3 a names Russians / Russian people 2 St Paul’s Cathedral
5 a Japanese 3 Central Park
b the names 4 the Great Wall
4 a The First World War the Japanese / Japanese people 5 Dublin Airport
6 a Brazilian 6 The Classic
b war 7 Liverpool University
5 a hard work Brazilians / Brazilian people 8 the National Museum
7 an Englishman/Englishwoman 9 Harrison’s
b the work 10 Cathay Pacific
the English / English people 11 The Morning News
75.3 8… 12 the Leaning Tower
3 spiders 13 Cambridge University Press
4 meat UNIT 77 14 the College of Art
5 the questions 15 The Imperial Hotel is in Baker Street.
6 the people 77.1 16 The Statue of Liberty is at the
7 Biology 2 The doctor
8 lies 3 Doctor Thomas entrance to New York Harbor.
9 The hotels 4 Professor Brown
10 The water 5 the President
11 the grass 6 President Kennedy
12 patience 7 Inspector Roberts
8 the Wilsons
352 9 the United States
10 France

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Key to Exercises

UNIT 79 80.3 UNIT 82
2 school football team
79.1 6 pair 3 film production company 82.1
2 don’t 7 are 4 life insurance policy 2 hurt himself
3 doesn’t 8a 5 tourist information office 3 blame herself
4 some 9 it 4 put yourself
5 them 80.4 5 enjoyed themselves
2 two-hour 6 burn yourself
79.2 6 news 3 two hours 7 express myself
2 means 7 species 4 twenty-pound
3 series 8 means 5 ten-pound 82.2
4 species 6 15-minute 2 me
5 series 7 60 minutes 3 myself
8 twelve-storey 4 us
79.3 9 five days 5 yourself
2 don’t 10 Five-star 6 you
3 want 11 six years old 7 ourselves
4 was 12 six-year-old 8 them
5 are 9 themselves
6 is or are UNIT 81
7 Do 82.3
8 do or does 81.1 3 feel
9 enjoy 3 your friend’s umbrella 4 dried myself
10 is or are 4 OK 5 concentrate
5 James’s daughter 6 defend yourself
79.4 6 Helen and Andy’s son 7 meeting
2 is too hot 7 OK 8 relax
3 isn’t enough money 8 OK
4 isn’t long enough 9 Your children’s friends 82.4
5 is a lot to carry 10 OK 2 themselves
11 Our neighbours’ garden 3 each other
79.5 12 David’s hair 4 each other
3 … wearing black jeans. 13 OK 5 themselves
4 … very nice people. 14 my best friend’s party 6 each other
5 OK 15 OK 7 ourselves
6 There was a police officer / a 16 Ben’s parents’ car 8 each other
17 OK 9 introduced ourselves to each other
policeman / a policewoman … 18 OK (the government’s policy is
7 These scissors aren’t … 82.5
8 OK (The company has is also correct) also OK) 2 I made it myself
9 … is a very rare species. 3 Laura told me herself / Laura herself
10 Twelve hours is … 81.2
2 father’s told me
UNIT 80 3 apples 4 know themselves
4 Children’s 5 cuts it himself
80.1 5 Switzerland’s 6 do it yourself?
3 train ticket 6 parents’
4 ticket machine 7 photos UNIT 83
5 hotel staff 8 someone else’s
6 exam results 9 Shakespeare’s 83.1
7 race horse 2 We met a relative of yours.
8 horse race 81.3 3 Jason borrowed a book of mine.
9 running shoes 2 Last week’s storm caused a lot of 4 I met Lisa and some friends of hers.
10 shoe shop 5 We had dinner with a neighbour
11 shop window damage.
12 window cleaner 3 The town’s only cinema has closed of ours.
13 a construction company scandal 6 I went on holiday with two friends
14 car factory workers down.
15 road improvement scheme 4 Britain’s weather is very changeable. of mine.
16 New York department store 5 The region’s main industry is tourism. 7 I met a friend of Amy’s at the party.
8 It’s always been an ambition of
80.2 81.4
2 seat belt 2 twenty minutes’ walk mine to travel round the world.
3 credit card 3 two weeks’ holiday / fourteen days’
4 weather forecast 83.2
5 washing machine holiday / a fortnight’s holiday 2 his own opinions
6 wedding ring 4 an/one hour’s sleep 3 her own business
7 room number 4 our own words
8 birthday party 5 its own private beach
9 truck driver
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Key to Exercises

83.3 84.3 UNIT 86
2 your own fault 2 There may be
3 her own ideas 3 There won’t be 86.1
4 your own problems 4 There’s / There is going to be 3 no
5 his own decisions 5 There used to be 4 any
6 there should be 5 None
83.4 7 there wouldn’t be 6 no
2 make her own (clothes) 7 none
3 clean your own (shoes) 84.4 8 any
4 bake our own (bread) 3 there will be an opportunity 9 no
5 write their own (songs) 4 There must have been a reason. 10 any
5 OK 11 none
83.5 6 OK 12 no
2 myself 7 There used to be a lot of tourists 13 any
3 our own 8 There’s no signal. 14 no
4 themselves 9 OK
5 himself 10 There’s sure to be a car park 86.2
6 their own 2 Nobody/No-one.
7 yourself somewhere. 3 None.
8 her own 11 OK 4 Nowhere.
12 there would be somebody … 5 None.
83.6 6 Nothing.
2 Sam and Chris are colleagues of but there wasn’t anybody. 8 I’m not waiting for anybody/anyone.
9 I didn’t buy any (bread).
mine. UNIT 85 10 I’m not going anywhere.
3 I was scared. I didn’t want to go out 11 I haven’t read any (books).
85.1 12 It doesn’t cost anything.
on my own. 2 some
4 In my last job I had my own office. 3 any 86.3
5 He must be lonely. He’s always by 4 some 2 nobody/no-one
5 any … some 3 Nowhere
himself. 6 any 4 anything
6 My parents have gone away with 7 some 5 Nobody/No-one
8 any 6 anywhere
some friends of theirs. 9 some 7 Nothing
7 Are there any countries that produce 10 any 8 Nothing. I couldn’t find anything
11 some … any
all their own food? I wanted.
85.2 9 Nobody/No-one said anything.
UNIT 84 2 somebody/someone
3 anybody/anyone 86.4
84.1 4 anything 2 nobody
3 There’s / There is 5 something 3 anyone
4 there wasn’t 6 anything or anybody/anyone 4 Anybody
5 Is it 7 anybody/anyone 5 Nothing
6 Is there 8 somewhere 6 Anything
7 there was 9 anybody/anyone 7 anything
8 It isn’t / It’s not 10 something 8 any
9 There wasn’t 11 Anybody/Anyone 9 No-one … anyone
10 It’s / It is … there isn’t 12 somebody/someone … anybody/
11 It was UNIT 87
12 Is there … there’s / there is anyone
13 It’s / It is … There’s / There is 13 anywhere 87.1
14 there was … It was 14 anything 3 OK
15 something 4 It cost a lot to …
84.2 16 something … anybody/anyone 5 OK
2 There’s / There is a lot of salt in the 17 somebody/someone … anybody/ 6 You have a lot of luggage.
7 OK
soup. or … too much salt … anyone 8 … know many people or … know
3 There was nothing in the box. 18 anybody/anyone anything
4 There were about 50 people at the a lot of people
85.3 9 OK
meeting. 2 Any day 10 He travels a lot.
5 There’s / There is a lot of violence in 3 Anything
4 anybody/anyone 87.2
the film. 5 Any job or Anything 2 He has (got) plenty of money.
6 (example answers) 6 anywhere 3 There’s plenty of room.
7 Anybody/Anyone 4 … she still has plenty to learn.
There is a lot to do in this town. / 5 There is plenty to see.
… plenty to do in this town. / 6 There are plenty of hotels.
… a lot happening in this town. or
There are a lot of places to go in
this town.

354

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Key to Exercises

87.3 88.4 90.2
2 little 2 All of them 2 The whole team played well.
3 many 3 none of us 3 He ate the whole box (of chocolates).
4 few 4 some of it 4 They searched the whole house.
5 little 5 none of them 5 The whole family plays tennis. or
6 many 6 Some of them
7 little 7 all of it … play tennis.
8 much 8 none of it 6 Sarah/She worked the whole day.
9 few 7 It rained the whole week.
UNIT 89 8 Sarah worked all day.
87.4 9 It rained all week.
2 a few dollars 89.1
3 little traffic 2 Neither 90.3
4 a few years ago 3 both 2 every four hours
5 a little time 4 Either 3 every four years
6 only a few words 5 Neither 4 every five minutes
7 Few people 6 both 5 every six months

87.5 89.2 90.4
2 a little 2 either 2 every day
3 a few 3 both 3 all day
4 few 4 Neither of 4 The whole building
5 little 5 neither driver … both / both the / 5 Every time
6 a little 6 all the time
7 little both of the cars 7 all my luggage
8 a few 6 both / both of
9 a few UNIT 91
10 a little 89.3
2 either of them 91.1
UNIT 88 3 both of them 3 Each
4 Neither of us 4 Every
88.1 5 neither of them 5 Each
3— 6 every
4 of 89.4 7 each
5— 3 The movie was both boring and long. 8 every
6— 4 Neither Joe nor Sam has a car. or
7 of 91.2
8 of … has got a car. 3 Every
9 — (of is also correct) 5 Emily speaks both German and 4 Each
10 — 5 every
11 — Russian. 6 every
12 of 6 Ben neither watches TV nor 7 each of
8 every
88.2 reads newspapers. 9 each
3 of my spare time 7 That man’s name is either 10 Every
4 accidents 11 each of
5 of the buildings Richard or Robert. 12 each
6 of her friends 8 I have neither the time nor
7 of the population 91.3
8 birds the money to go on holiday. 2 Sonia and I had ten pounds
9 of the players 9 We can leave either today or
10 of her opinions each. or
11 European countries tomorrow. Sonia and I each had ten pounds.
12 (of) my dinner 3 Those postcards cost a pound each
89.5 5 any / … one pound each. or
88.3 2 either 6 either Those postcards are a pound each /
Example answers: 3 any 7 neither … one pound each
2 the time 4 none 4 We paid 200 dollars each. or
3 my friends We each paid 200 dollars.
4 (of) the questions UNIT 90
5 the pictures / the photos / the 91.4
90.1 2 everyone
photographs 3 Everybody/Everyone 3 every one (2 words)
6 (of) the money 4 Everything 4 Everyone
5 all 5 every one (2 words)
6 everybody/everyone
7 everything
8 All
9 everybody/everyone
10 All
11 everything
12 Everybody/Everyone
13 All
14 everything

355

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Key to Exercises

UNIT 92 93.2 94.4
2 you’re wearing or Example answers:
92.1 2 The reason I left my job was that the
2 A customer is someone who buys that/which you’re wearing
3 you’re going to see or salary was too low.
something from a shop. 3 I’ll never forget the time I got stuck in
3 A burglar is someone who breaks that/which you’re going to see
4 I/we wanted to visit or a lift.
into a house to steal things. 4 2009 was the year Amanda got
4 A coward is someone who is not brave. that/which I/we wanted to visit
5 A tenant is someone who pays rent 5 I/we invited to the party or married.
5 The reason they don’t have a car is
to live somewhere. who/whom/that we invited …
6 A shoplifter is someone who steals 6 you had to do or that neither of them can drive.
6 The last time I saw Sam was about
from a shop. that/which you had to do
7 A liar is someone who doesn’t tell 7 I/we rented or that/which I/we rented six months ago.
7 Do you remember the day we first met?
the truth. 93.3
8 A pessimist is someone who expects 2 the wedding we were invited to UNIT 95
3 the hotel you told me about
the worst to happen. 4 the job I applied for 95.1
5 the concert you went to 3 We drove to the airport, which was
92.2 6 somebody you can rely on
2 The waiter who/that served us was 7 the people you were with not far from the city.
4 Kate’s husband, who I’ve never met,
impolite and impatient. 93.4
3 The building that/which was 3 – (that is also correct) is an airline pilot. or … whom I’ve
4 what never met …
destroyed in the fire has now been 5 that 5 Lisa, whose job involves a lot of
rebuilt. 6 what travelling, is away from home a lot.
4 The people who/that were arrested 7 – (that is also correct) 6 Paul and Emily have a daughter,
have now been released. 8 what Alice, who has just started school.
5 The bus that/which goes to the 9 – (that is also correct) 7 The new stadium, which will be
airport runs every half hour. finished next month, will hold 90,000
UNIT 94 spectators.
92.3 8 My brother lives in Alaska, which is
2 who/that runs away from home 94.1 the largest state in the US.
3 that/which were hanging on the wall 2 whose wife is an English teacher 9 Our teacher, whose name I have
4 that/which cannot be explained 3 who owns a restaurant forgotten, was very kind.
5 who/that has stayed there 4 whose ambition is to climb Everest 10 We enjoyed our visit to the museum,
6 that/which happened in the past 5 who have just got married where we saw a lot of interesting
7 who/that developed the theory of 6 whose parents used to work in a circus things.

relativity 94.2 95.2
8 that/which can support life 2 more formal I went to see a lawyer 2 The strike at the factory, which began

92.4 whom a friend of mine (had) ten days ago, has now ended.
3 the nearest shop that/which sells recommended. 3 I’ve found the book I was looking for
4 some things about me that/which less formal I went to see a lawyer a
friend of mine (had) recommended. this morning. or … the book that/
were 3 more formal The person to whom I which I was looking for …
5 The driver who/that caused spoke wasn’t very helpful. 4 My car, which I’ve had for 15 years,
6 OK (the person who took is also less formal The person I spoke to has never broken down.
wasn’t very helpful. 5 Few of the people who/that applied
correct) 4 more formal The woman with for the job had the necessary
7 a world that/which is changing whom Tom was in love wasn’t in qualifications.
8 OK love with him. 6 Amy showed me a picture of her son,
9 the horse that/which won less formal The woman Tom was in who is a police officer.
love with wasn’t in love with him.
UNIT 93 95.3
94.3 2 My office, which is on the second
93.1 2 where
3 OK (the people who/that we met is 3 who floor, is very small.
4 whose 3 OK
also correct) 5 where
4 The people who/that work in the 6 whose (The office I’m using … and The
7 whom office which I’m using … are also
office 8 where correct)
5 OK (the people who/that I work with 4 Sarah’s father, who used to be in the
army, now works for a TV company.
is also correct) 5 OK (The doctor who examined me
6 OK (the money that/which I gave … is also correct)
6 The sun, which is one of millions
you is also correct) of stars in the universe, provides us
7 the money that/which was on the with heat and light.

table
8 OK (the worst film that/which

you’ve ever seen is also correct)
9 the best thing that/which has ever

happened to you

356

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Key to Exercises

UNIT 96 97.4 99.2
3 There’s somebody coming. 2 tastes/tasted awful
96.1 4 There’s nothing left. 3 feel nervous
2 in which 5 There were a lot of people travelling. 4 smell nice
3 with whom 6 There was nobody else staying there. 5 look wet
4 to which 7 There was nothing written on it. 6 sounds/sounded interesting
5 of which 8 There’s a course beginning next
6 of whom 99.3
7 for which Monday. 2 happy
8 after which 3 happily
UNIT 98 4 terrible
96.2 5 properly
2 most of which was useless 98.1 6 good
3 none of whom was suitable 2 a exhausting 7 slow
4 one of which they never use 8 badly
5 half of which he gave to his parents b exhausted 9 violent
6 both of whom are lawyers 3 a depressing
7 neither of which she replied to 99.4
8 only a few of whom I knew b depressed 3 the last two days
10 sides of which were lined with trees c depressed 4 the first two weeks of May
11 the aim of which is to save money 4 a exciting 5 the next few days
b exciting 6 the first three questions (in the exam)
96.3 c excited 7 the next two years
2 which makes it difficult to sleep 8 the last three days of our holiday
98.2
sometimes. 2 interested UNIT 100
3 which was very kind of her. 3 exciting
4 which makes it hard to contact her. 4 embarrassing 100.1
5 which is good news. 5 embarrassed 2 easily
6 which meant I had to wait two hours 6 amazed 3 patiently
7 amazing 4 unexpectedly
at the airport. 8 amused 5 regularly
7 which means we can’t go away 9 interested 6 perfectly … slowly … clearly
10 terrifying … shocked
tomorrow. 11 (look so) bored … (really so) boring 100.2
8 which she apologised for or for 12 boring … interesting 2 selfishly
3 suddenly
which she apologised 98.3 4 sudden
2 bored 5 badly
UNIT 97 3 confusing 6 awful
4 disgusting 7 terribly
97.1 5 interested 8 comfortable
2 The taxi taking us to the airport 6 annoyed 9 clearly
3 a path leading to the river 7 boring 10 safe
4 A factory employing 500 people 8 exhausted 11 safe
5 man sitting next to me on the plane 9 excited 12 safely
6 brochure containing the information 10 amusing
11 interesting 100.3
I needed 2 frequently
UNIT 99 3 fluent
97.2 4 specially
2 stolen from the museum 99.1 5 complete
3 damaged in the storm 2 an unusual gold ring 6 perfectly
4 made at the meeting 3 a beautiful old house 7 financially or completely
5 surrounded by trees 4 red leather gloves 8 permanently
6 involved in the project 5 an old American film 9 nervous
6 tiny pink flowers 10 dangerously
97.3 7 a long thin face
3 invited 8 big black clouds 100.4
4 called 9 a lovely sunny day 2 seriously ill
5 living 10 an ugly yellow dress 3 absolutely enormous
6 offering 11 a long wide avenue 4 slightly damaged
7 caused 12 important new ideas 5 unusually quiet
8 blown 13 a nice new green sweater 6 completely changed
9 sitting … reading 14 a small black metal box 7 unnecessarily long
10 working … studying 15 beautiful long black hair 8 happily married
16 an interesting old French painting 9 badly planned
17 a large red and yellow umbrella
18 a big fat black and white cat

357

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Key to Exercises

UNIT 101 102.3 104.2
2 Why are you in such a hurry? 2 quite a good voice
101.1 3 I’m surprised it took so long. 3 quite a long way
2 good 4 … but there’s no such company. 4 a pretty cold wind
3 well 5 … why I did such a stupid thing. 5 quite a lot of traffic
4 well 6 Why are you driving so slowly? 6 a pretty busy day
5 good 7 How did you learn English in such a 7 started fairly recently
6 well
7 well short time? 104.3
8 well … good 8 Why did you buy such an expensive Example answers:
2 rather long
101.2 phone? 3 rather strange
2 well-known 4 rather impatient
3 well-kept 102.4 5 rather expensive
4 well-written Example answers:
5 well-informed 2 She’s so friendly. 104.4
6 well-paid 3 She’s such a nice person. 3 more than a little …
4 I haven’t seen you for so long. 4 completely
101.3 6 hardly 5 I didn’t realise it was such a long 5 more than a little …
2 slowly 7 hard 6 more than a little …
3 lately 8 hardly see way. 7 completely
4 fast 9 hard 6 There were so many people.
5 hard 104.5
UNIT 103 2 quite safe
101.4 3 quite impossible
2 hardly hear 103.1 4 quite right
3 hardly slept 3 enough buses 5 quite different
4 hardly speak 4 wide enough 6 quite sure
5 hardly said 5 enough time
6 hardly changed 6 enough vegetables UNIT 105
7 hardly recognised 7 tall enough
8 enough room
101.5 9 warm enough 105.1
2 hardly any 10 enough cups 2 stronger
3 hardly anything 3 smaller
4 hardly anybody/anyone 103.2 4 more expensive
5 hardly ever 2 too busy to talk 5 warmer / hotter
6 hardly anywhere 3 too late to go 6 more interesting / more exciting
7 hardly or hardly ever 4 warm enough to sit 7 nearer / closer
8 hardly anybody/anyone 5 too shy to be 8 harder / more difficult / more
9 hardly any 6 enough patience to be
10 hardly anywhere 7 too far away to hear complicated
8 enough English to read 9 better
UNIT 102 10 worse
103.3 11 more often
102.1 2 This coffee is too hot to drink. 12 further / farther
2 so 3 The piano was too heavy to move.
3 such 4 These apples aren’t / are not ripe 105.2
4 such a 3 more serious than
5 such enough to eat. 4 thinner
6 such a 5 The situation is too complicated to 5 bigger
7 so 6 more interested
8 so explain. 7 more important than
9 such a 6 The wall was too high to climb over. 8 more peaceful than
10 such 7 This sofa isn’t / is not big enough for 9 more slowly
10 higher than
102.2 three people (to sit on).
2 The bag was so heavy 8 Some things are too small to see 105.3 6 worse
3 I’ve got such a lot to do 2 careful 7 than
4 I was so surprised without a microscope. or … to be 3 better 8 quietly
5 The music was so loud seen without a microscope. 4 frequent
6 It was such horrible weather 5 more
7 Her English is so good UNIT 104
8 The hotel was such a long way 105.4
9 I had such a big breakfast 104.1 2 I ran further/farther than Dan.
2 quite hungry 3 The journey takes longer by train
3 quite often
4 quite noisy than by car.
5 quite surprised 4 My friends arrived earlier than I
6 quite late
7 quite old expected.
5 The traffic today is worse than usual.

358

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Key to Exercises

UNIT 106 107.2 108.4
3 The station wasn’t as far as I thought. 2 That’s the funniest joke I’ve ever heard.
106.1 4 The meal cost less than I expected. 3 This is the best coffee I’ve ever tasted.
2 much bigger 5 I don’t watch TV as much as I used 4 That’s the furthest/farthest I’ve ever
3 a lot more interesting than
4 a little cooler to. or … as often as I used to. run.
5 far more complicated than 6 Karen used to have longer hair. 5 It’s the worst mistake I’ve ever made.
6 a bit more slowly 7 You don’t know them as well as me.
7 slightly older or It was the worst …
or … as I do. 6 Who’s the most famous person
106.2 8 There aren’t as many students in this
2 any sooner / any earlier you’ve ever met?
3 no higher than / no more expensive class as in the other one.
UNIT 109
than / no worse than 107.3 5 as often as
4 any further/farther 2 as well as 6 as quietly as 109.1
5 no worse than 3 as long as 7 as hard as 3 Joe doesn’t like football very much.
4 as soon as 4 Dan won the race easily.
106.3 5 OK
2 bigger and bigger 107.4 6 Have you seen Chris recently?
3 more and more nervous 2 Your hair is the same colour as mine. 7 I borrowed some money from a friend.
4 worse and worse 3 I arrived (at) the same time as you. 8 OK
5 more and more expensive 4 My birthday is (on) the same day as 9 I ate my breakfast quickly and went
6 better and better
7 more and more time Tom’s. or My birthday is the same out. or I quickly ate my breakfast
as Tom’s. and …
106.4 10 Did you invite a lot of people to the
2 The more tired you are, the harder it 107.5 6 much party?
2 than 7 twice 11 Sam watches TV all the time.
is to concentrate. 3 as 8 is 12 OK
3 The sooner we decide (what to do), 4 him 9 me
5 less 109.2
the better. 2 I met a friend of mine on my way
4 The more I know, the less I UNIT 108
home.
understand. 108.1 3 I forgot to put a stamp on the
5 The more electricity you use, the 2 the tallest
3 the worst envelope.
higher your bill will be. 4 the most popular 4 We bought a lot of fruit in the market.
6 The more / The longer she had 5 the best 5 They built a new hotel opposite the
6 the most honest
to wait, the more impatient she 7 the shortest park.
became. 6 Did you learn a lot of things at school
108.2
106.5 3 better today?
2 more 4 the most expensive 7 We found some interesting books in
3 longer 5 more comfortable
4 any 6 The eldest or The oldest the library.
5 the 7 oldest 8 Please write your name at the top of
6 older 8 the quickest
7 elder or older 9 quicker the page.
8 slightly 10 my earliest
9 no 11 … the highest mountain in the 109.3
10 (The) less (he knows, the) better 2 I go to the supermarket every Friday.
world … It is higher than … 3 Why did you come home so late?
UNIT 107 12 Do you have a sharper one? 4 Sarah takes her children to school

107.1 No, it’s the sharpest one I have. every day.
2 My salary isn’t as high as yours. 5 I haven’t been to the cinema
3 You don’t know as much about cars 108.3
2 It’s the largest country in South recently.
as me. or … as I do. or … as I 6 I remembered her name after a few
know. America.
4 We aren’t as busy today as we were 3 It was the happiest day of my life. minutes.
yesterday. or … as busy today as 4 It’s the most valuable painting in the 7 We walked around the town all
yesterday.
5 I don’t feel as bad as I did earlier. or museum. morning.
… as I felt earlier. 5 It’s the busiest time of the year. 8 My brother has been in Canada since
6 Our neighbours haven’t lived here 7 He’s one of the richest men in the
as long as us. or … as long as we April.
have. country. 9 I didn’t see you at the party on
7 I wasn’t as nervous (before the 8 She’s one of the best students in the
interview) as I usually am. or … as Saturday night.
usual. class. 10 Lisa left her umbrella in a restaurant
9 It was one of the worst experiences
last night.
of my life. 11 The moon goes round the earth
10 It’s one of the most famous
every 27 days.
universities in the world. 12 Anna has been teaching Italian in

London for the last three years.

359

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Key to Exercises

UNIT 110 111.2 UNIT 113
2 He hasn’t gone yet.
110.1 3 They haven’t finished (it) yet. / … 113.1
3 I usually have … 2 Although I had never seen her before
4 OK finished repairing the road yet. 3 although it was quite cold
5 Steve hardly ever gets angry. 4 They haven’t woken up yet. 4 although we don’t like them very much
6 … and I also sent an email. 5 She hasn’t found one yet. / … found 5 Although I didn’t speak the language
7 I always have to repeat …
8 I’ve never worked / I have never a job yet. well
6 I haven’t decided (what to do) yet. 6 Although the heating was on
worked … 7 It hasn’t taken off yet. 7 although I’d met her twice before
9 OK 8 although we’ve known each other a
10 … my friends were already there. or 111.3
3 still long time
… my friends were there already. 4 yet
5 any more 113.2
110.2 6 yet 2 a In spite of (or Despite)
2 Katherine is always very generous. 7 any more
3 I don’t usually have to work on 8 still b Although
9 already 3 a because
Sundays. 10 still
4 Do you always watch TV in the 11 already b although
12 yet 4 a because of
evenings? 13 still
5 … he is also learning Japanese. 14 already b in spite of (or despite)
6 a We were all on holiday in Spain. 15 still 5 a Although
16 any more
b We were all staying at the same hotel. b because of
c We all had a great time. UNIT 112 Example answers:
7 a The new hotel is probably expensive. 6 a he hadn’t studied very hard
b It probably costs a lot to stay there. 112.1
8 a I can probably help you. 2 even Lisa b he had studied very hard
b I probably can’t help you. 3 not even Amy 7 a I was hungry
4 even Lisa
110.3 5 even Kate b being hungry / my hunger /
2 usually sleeps 6 not even Lisa the fact (that) I was hungry
3 It’s / It is usually easy to … or
112.2 113.3
Usually it’s / it is easy to … 2 We even painted the floor. 2 In spite of playing quite well, we lost
4 were both born 3 She’s even met the prime minister.
5 She can also sing 4 You could even hear it from the next the game. or In spite of the fact
6 Do you usually go … (that) we played quite well …
7 I have / I’ve never spoken street. / You could even hear the 3 Although I’d hurt my foot, I managed
8 We’re / We are still living … noise from … or to walk home. or I managed to
9 You always have to wait … You could hear it / the noise even walk home although I’d …
10 We might never meet from the next street. 4 I enjoyed the film in spite of the silly
11 I probably won’t be 6 I can’t even remember her name. story. / … in spite of the story being
12 Will you still be 7 There isn’t even a cinema. silly. / … in spite of the fact (that) the
13 She’s / She is hardly ever 8 He didn’t even tell his wife (where he story was silly. or
14 We would / We’d never have met was going). In spite of … , I enjoyed the film.
15 It doesn’t always take 9 I don’t even know my neighbours. 5 Despite living in the same building,
16 We were all … we all fell we hardly ever see each other. or
17 always says … she never does 112.3 Despite the fact (that) we live in …
2 even older or We hardly ever see each other
UNIT 111 3 even better despite …
4 even more difficult 6 They came to the party even though
111.1 5 even worse they hadn’t been invited. or
3 He doesn’t write poems any more. 6 even less Even though they hadn’t been
4 He still wants to be a teacher. invited, they came to the party.
5 He isn’t / He’s not interested in 112.4
2 if 113.4
politics any more. 3 even if 2 It’s very long though.
6 He’s still single. 4 even 3 We ate it though.
7 He doesn’t go fishing any more. 5 even though 4 I don’t like her husband though.
8 He doesn’t have a beard any more. 6 Even
7 even though UNIT 114
or He hasn’t got … 8 even if
10–12 9 Even though 114.1
2 in case you get hungry / … you are
He no longer writes poems.
He is / He’s no longer interested in hungry
politics. 3 in case it rains
He no longer goes fishing. 4 in case you get thirsty / … you are
He no longer has a beard. / He’s no
longer got a beard. thirsty
5 in case you need to call somebody
6 in case you get lonely / … you are

lonely

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Key to Exercises

114.2 115.4 UNIT 117
2 I’ll say goodbye now in case I don’t Example answers:
2 it’s not too hot. 117.1
see you again (before you go). 3 there isn’t too much traffic. 3 … like his father
3 Can you check the list in case we’ve 4 it isn’t raining. 4 … people like him
5 I’m in a hurry. 5 OK
forgotten something? / … in case we 6 you have something else to do. 6 Like her mother …
forgot something? 7 you pay it back next week. 7 … like talking to the wall
4 Keep the receipt in case they don’t fit 8 you don’t tell anyone else. 8 OK
you (and you have to take them back 9 you take risks. 9 OK
to the shop). 10 like a fish
UNIT 116
114.3 117.2
2 in case I forgot it. 116.1 2e
3 in case they were worried (about me). 2 I listened as she told me her story. 3b
4 in case she didn’t get the first one. 3 I burnt myself as I was taking 4f
5d
/ in case she hadn’t got … a hot dish out of the oven. 6a
5 in case they came/come to London 4 The spectators cheered as the two
117.3
(one day). teams came onto the field. 2 like blocks of ice
5 A dog ran out in front of the car as we 3 like a beginner
114.4 4 as a tour guide
3 If were driving along the road. 5 like a theatre
4 in case 6 as a birthday present
5 if 116.2 7 like winter
6 in case 2 As today is a public holiday, all 8 like a child
7 if
8 if government offices are shut. 117.4
9 in case 3 As I didn’t want to disturb anybody, I 2 like
10 in case 3 as
tried to be very quiet. 4 as
UNIT 115 4 As I can’t go to the concert, you can 5 like
6 As
115.1 have my ticket. 7 as
2 You won’t know what to do unless 5 As it was a nice day, we went for a 8 like
9 like or such as
you listen carefully. walk by the canal. 10 as
3 I’ll never speak to her again unless 11 like
116.3 12 as
she apologises (to me). or 3 because 13 like
Unless she apologises (to me), I’ll … 4 at the same time as 14 like
4 He won’t understand you unless you 5 at the same time as 15 as
speak very slowly. or Unless you 6 because 16 like
speak very slowly, he … 7 because
5 The company will have to close UNIT 118
unless business improves soon. or 116.4
Unless business improves soon, the 3 OK 118.1
company … 4 when I was in London 2 You look as if you’ve seen a ghost. /
6 The problem will get worse unless we 5 When I left school
do something soon. or Unless we 6 OK … as if you saw a ghost.
do something soon, the problem … 7 when I was a child 3 I feel like I’ve (just) run a marathon. /
8 OK
115.2 … like I (just) ran a marathon.
2 I’m not going (to the party) unless 116.5 4 You sound as if you’re having a good
Example answers:
you go too. / … unless you’re going 2 I saw you as you were getting into time.
too.
3 The dog won’t chase you unless you your car. 118.2
move suddenly. 3 It started to rain just as we started 2 It looks like it’s going to rain.
4 Ben won’t speak to you unless you 3 It sounds like they’re having an
ask him something. playing tennis.
5 The doctor won’t see you unless 4 As she doesn’t have a phone, it’s argument.
it’s an emergency. / … unless it’s an 4 It looks like there’s been an accident.
emergency. quite difficult to contact her. 5 It looks like they don’t have any.
5 Just as I took the picture, somebody 6 It sounds like you should see a

walked in front of my phone. doctor.

115.3 7 provided
2 unless 8 Unless
3 providing 9 unless
4 as long as 10 as long as
5 unless
6 unless

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Key to Exercises

118.3 UNIT 120 121.2
2 as if he meant what he said 2 at night
3 as if she’s hurt her leg / as if she hurt 120.1 3 in the evening
2 by 8.30 4 on 21 July 1969
her leg 3 Let me know by Saturday 5 at the same time
4 as if he hadn’t eaten for a week 4 you’re here by 2 o’clock. 6 in the 1920s
5 as if she was enjoying it 5 we should arrive by lunchtime. 7 in about 20 minutes
6 as if I was crazy / as if I were crazy 8 at the moment
7 as if she didn’t want to come 120.2 9 in 11 seconds
8 as if I didn’t exist 2 by 10 on Saturdays or … works
3 until
118.4 4 by Saturdays
2 as if I was/were 5 until
3 as if she was/were 6 by 121.3
4 as if it was/were 7 by 3a
8 until 4 both
UNIT 119 9 by 5a
10 by 6 both
119.1 11 until 7b
3 during 12 By 8a
4 for 13 until 9 both
5 for 14 by 10 b
6 during
7 for 120.3 UNIT 122
8 during (or in) Example answers:
9 for 3 until I come back 122.1
10 for 4 by 5 o’clock 2 on time
11 during 5 by 3 April 3 on time
12 for 6 until 2028 4 in time
7 until midnight 5 on time
119.2 8 while 6 in time
3 while 9 during 120.4 7 in time
4 While 10 while 2 By the time I got to the station 8 on time
5 during 11 During 3 By the time I finished (work) 9 in time
6 during (or in) 12 while 4 By the time the police arrived
7 during (or in) 5 By the time we got to the top (of the 122.2
2 I got home just in time.
119.3 mountain) 3 I stopped him just in time.
1 for 4 We got to the cinema just in time for
2 during UNIT 121
3 while the beginning of the film. / … just in
4 during (or in) 121.1 time to see the beginning of the film.
5 for 2 on
6 while 3 in 122.3
7 during (or in) 4 at (or on in American English) 2 at the end of the month
8 for 5 on (or I last saw her Tuesday.) 3 at the end of the course
9 while 6 in 4 at the end of the race
10 during 7 in 5 at the end of the interview
8 at
119.4 9 on (or There are usually a lot of 122.4
Example answers: 2 In the end she resigned (from her
3 Can you wait for me while I make a parties New Year’s Eve.)
10 at job). or She resigned (from her
quick phone call? 11 in job) in the end.
4 Most of the students looked bored 12 in 3 In the end I gave up (trying to learn
13 at Japanese / learning Japanese). or
during the lesson. 14 on I gave up (learning Japanese) in the
5 I was asked a lot of questions during 15 in end.
16 At 4 In the end we decided not to go (to
the interview. 17 in the party). or In the end we didn’t
6 Don’t open the car door while the car 18 on go (to the party). or We decided
19 at not to go (to the party) in the end.
is moving. 20 at 5 o’clock in the morning or We didn’t go (to the party) in the
7 The lights suddenly went out while 21 on 7 January … in April end.
22 on Tuesday morning … in the
we were watching TV.
8 What are you going to do while afternoon or at home Tuesday
morning … in the afternoon
you’re on holiday?
9 It started to rain during the game.
10 It started to rain while we were

walking home.

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Key to Exercises

122.5 7 in 124.3 126.2
2 In 8 in 2 in 2 I’ve been to … once.
3 in 9 in 3 at 3 I’ve never been to …
4 at 10 at … at 4 at 4 I’ve been to … a few times.
5 In 5 in 5 I’ve been to … many times.
6 At 6 on
7 in 126.3
UNIT 123 8 in 2 in
9 in 3 – (no preposition)
123.1 10 on 4 at
2 On his arm. or On the man’s arm. 11 in 5 to
3 At the traffic lights. 12 on 6 – (no preposition)
4 On the door. (notice) 13 in
14 on … on 126.4
In the door. (key) 2 I got on
5 On the wall. UNIT 125 3 I got out (of the/my car).
6 In Paris. 4 I got off (the train).
7 At the gate. (man) 125.1 5 I got into the taxi. or
2 on a train
On the gate. (bird) 3 at a conference I got in the taxi. or
8 On the beach. 4 is in hospital / in the hospital I got in.
5 at the hairdresser’s 6 I got off (the plane).
123.2 6 on his bike
2 on my guitar 7 in New York UNIT 127
3 at junction 14 8 at the Savoy Theatre
4 in his hand 127.1
5 on that tree 125.2 2 in cold weather
6 in the mountains 2 at the station 3 in French
7 on the island 3 in a taxi 4 in love
8 at the window 4 at the sports centre 5 in the mood
5 on the plane 6 in the shade
123.3 6 in Tokyo 7 in my opinion
2 on 7 at school 8 in kilometres
3 at 8 at the art gallery
4 on 127.2
5 in 125.3 10 in 2 on strike
6 on 2 in 11 on 3 on a cruise
7 in 3 at 12 at 4 on fire
8 at 4 in 13 in 5 on a tour
9 on 5 on 14 in 6 on her phone
10 at 6 at 15 at 7 on TV
11 in 7 in 16 at … at 8 on purpose
12 on 8 at 9 on a diet
13 in a small village in the south-west 9 at 10 on holiday
14 on the wall in the kitchen 11 on business
12 on the whole
UNIT 124 UNIT 126
127.3
124.1 126.1 2 on
2 On the second floor. 3 at 3 at
3 On the corner. or At the corner. 4 to 4 in
4 In the corner. 5 to 5 on
5 At the top of the stairs. 6 into 6 in
6 In the back of the car. 7 – (no preposition) 7 at
7 At the front. 8 to 8 at
8 On the left. 9 into 9 on
9 In the back row. 10 to 10 on
10 At the end of the street. 11 at 11 at
12 to 12 on
124.2 13 to 13 in
2 on the right 14 into 14 on
3 in the world 15 to 15 on
4 on the way to work 16 – (no preposition) 16 on
5 on the west coast 17 to (France) … in (Brazil) 17 In
6 in the front row 18 in (Chicago) … to (Boston) 18 in
7 at the back of the class 19 on
8 on the back of this card 20 in

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Key to Exercises

UNIT 128 129.3 UNIT 131
2 to
128.1 5 by chance 3 in 131.1
2 by email 6 by hand 4 of 2 proud of
3 by mistake 5 in or to 3 ashamed of
4 on purpose 6 for 4 typical of
7 to or towards 5 capable of
128.2 8 with 6 scared of
2 on 9 of 7 aware of
3 by 10 to 8 envious of
4 on 11 of
5 by 12 for 131.2
6 in 13 of Example answers:
7 by 14 with 2 I’m hopeless at telling jokes.
8 by 3 I’m not very good at maths.
9 by bike (or on his bike) … on foot UNIT 130 4 I’m pretty good at remembering

128.3 130.1 names.
2 by a professional photographer 2 That was generous of her. 5 I’m good at making decisions.
3 by mosquitoes 3 That wasn’t very nice of them.
4 by Leonardo da Vinci 4 That’s very kind of you. 131.3
5 by one of our players 5 That isn’t very polite of him. 2 similar to
6 by lightning 6 That’s a bit childish of them. 3 afraid of
7 by Beethoven 4 interested in
130.2 5 responsible for
128.4 2 kind to 6 proud of
2 with 3 angry with 7 different from / different to
3 by 4 excited about
4 by 5 impressed by / impressed with (different than is also correct)
5 in 6 bored with (bored by is also possible) 8 capable of
6 by 7 amazed at / amazed by
7 with 8 careless of 131.4
8 by 2 of furniture
9 on 130.3 3 on sport
10 by 2 of 4 of time
11 by the bed with a lamp and a clock 3 to 5 at her job
4 with 6 to a doctor
on it 5 with (by or in are also possible) 7 of him / of Robert
6 to 8 from yours / from your problem or
128.5 7 at/by
2 In the last ten years the population 8 with to yours / to your problem
9 about (different than is also correct)
has gone up / increased / grown / 10 about
risen by 6 million. 11 for 131.5
3 Helen won (the election) by two votes. 12 about/by/at 2 for
4 I missed her/Kate by five minutes. 13 to 3 of
14 of 4 in
UNIT 129 15 by/with 5 of
16 with 6 on
129.1 17 about 7 of
2 to the problem 18 at/by 8 with
3 with her brother 19 for/about 9 on
4 in the cost of living 20 at/by 10 of
5 to your question 21 of
6 for a new road 22 to UNIT 132
7 in/to living in a big city 23 about
8 in food prices 24 furious with us for making 132.1
9 for shoes like these any more 2a
10 between your job and mine 3b
4b
129.2 5a
2 invitation to 6a
3 contact with 7b
4 key to (key for is also possible) 8a
5 cause of 9b
6 reply to 10 b
7 connection between 11 a
8 photos of 12 b
9 reason for
10 damage to

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Key to Exercises

132.2 UNIT 134 135.3
3 spoken to 2 paid for
4 point (them) at 134.1 3 accused of
5 look (directly) at 2 hear about 4 depends on
6 listen to 3 heard from 5 live on
7 throw (stones) at 4 heard of 6 apologise to
8 throw (it) to 5 hear from 7 suffers from
9 reply to 6 hear about 8 congratulate (him) on
7 heard of
132.3 135.4
2 at 134.2 2 from
3 at 2 think about 3 on
4 to 3 thinking about 4 – (no preposition)
5 to 4 think of 5 from
6 at 5 think of 6 depends how (no preposition) or
7 at 6 thinking of or thinking about
8 to 7 thought about depends on how
9 at 8 think of 7 on
10 at 9 think about 8 of
11 to 10 think (much) of 9 on
11 thinking about or thinking of
UNIT 133 12 think of UNIT 136

133.1 134.3 136.1
2 waiting for her to reply 2 of 2 happened to
3 searched my bag 3 about 3 divided into
4 asked him for a receipt 4 of 4 invited to
5 to ask the way 5 of 5 believe in
6 discussed the problem 6 to (us) about 6 fill (it) with
7 nothing about them 7 of 7 breaks into
8 for the airport 8 about … about … about … about 8 Concentrate on
9 succeeded in
133.2 134.4 10 drove into
2 to 2 complaining about
3 for 3 think about 136.2
4 about 4 heard of 2 I prefer small towns to big cities.
5 – (no preposition) 5 dream of 3 The company provided me with all
6 about 6 reminded (me) about
7 for 7 remind (you) of the information I needed.
8 about 4 This morning I spent eighty pounds
UNIT 135
133.3 on a pair of shoes.
2 of 135.1 5 The city is divided into ten districts.
3 about 2 for
4 for 3 of 136.3
5 of 4 of 2 to
6 for 5 – (no preposition) 3 on
7 about 6 for 4 in
8 – (no preposition) 7 of/from 5 to
8 for 6 in
133.4 9 of 7 with
2 looking for 10 for 8 into
3 looked after 11 on 9 in
4 look for 12 for 10 on
5 looks after 11 – (no preposition)
6 looking for 135.2 12 into
2 for the misunderstanding 13 on
133.5 3 her on winning the tournament 14 into
2 wait for 4 him from his enemies 15 with
3 talk about 5 on bread and eggs 16 from (one language) into (another)
4 ask (me) for 6 me for the (bad) weather or
5 applied for 136.4
6 do (something) about the (bad) weather on me Example answers:
7 looks after or has looked after 7 my friend of stealing a car or 2 on petrol
8 left (Boston) for 3 into a wall
(that) my friend had stolen a car 4 to volleyball
5 in seafood
6 into many languages

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Key to Exercises

UNIT 137 138.3 UNIT 140
2 dropped out
137.1 3 moved in 140.1
2 sit down 4 left out 2 put the heating on
3 taking off 5 joined in 3 put the oven on
4 flew away / flew off 6 taken in 4 put the kettle on
5 get out 7 dropped in 5 put some music on
6 speak up
7 get by 138.4 140.2
8 gone up 2 Fill them in or Fill them out 2 going on
9 looked round 3 cross it out 3 take off
10 be back 4 let us in 4 drove off / went off
11 broke down 5 get out of it 5 put on
12 getting on 6 set off
138.5 7 put off
137.2 2 drop out of college 8 called off
2 back at 3 fill in / fill out the application form 9 put on
3 up to 4 get out of going to the party 10 tried on
4 forward to 5 taken in by the email 11 see (me) off
5 away with 6 drop in (and see us) sometime 12 putting (it) off
6 up at 7 was left out of the team or had
7 in through 140.3
8 out about been left out … 2 took off
3 tried on a/the hat or
137.3 UNIT 139
2 wake me up tried a/the hat on
3 get it out 139.1 4 was called off
4 give them back 2 a candle 5 see him off
5 switch it on 3 an order 6 put them on
6 take them off 4 a fire
5 a new product UNIT 141
137.4 6 a problem
3 I have to give them back to her. 141.1
4 We can turn the TV/television 139.2 2c
2 works out 3b
off. or We can turn off the TV/ 3 carried out 4a
television. 4 ran out 5a
5 I don’t want to wake her up. 5 sort out 6b
6 (example answer) You should put 6 find out / work out / figure out
your coat on or You should put 7 tried out 141.2
on your coat. 8 pointed out 2 finish off
7 I was able to put it out 9 work out 3 drive on / carry on / go on
8 Shall I turn the light(s) on? or 10 went out 4 ripped off
Shall I turn on the light(s)? 11 turned out 5 getting on
9 (example answer) they’ve put the 12 works out / turns out 6 went off
price(s) up or they’ve put up the 13 find out 7 told off
price(s) 14 put out 8 went on
10 I knocked it over 15 figure out / work out 9 get on
10 keep on / keep
UNIT 138 139.3 11 get on / carry on
2 giving/handing out 12 showing off
138.1 3 turned out nice/fine/sunny 13 put off
2 eats 4 working out 14 went on / carried on
3 drop 5 run out of 15 dozed off / dropped off / nodded off
4 fill 6 work out how to use the camera or
5 moved 141.3
6 checked figure out how to … 2 gets on with
7 plug 3 carry on / go on / keep / keep on
8 dropped 139.4 4 finish it off
9 dive 2 try it out 5 were ripped off
3 work it out 6 go off
138.2 4 sorted it out / worked it out 7 tell them off
2 in 5 pointing it out 8 She keeps on / She keeps
3 into
4 out 6 in
5 into 7 out
8 out of

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Key to Exercises

UNIT 142 143.2 144.4
2 used up 2 look it up
142.1 3 washed up 3 put up with
2 took them down 4 grow up 4 making it up
3 stand up 5 turn up / show up 5 come up with
4 turned it up 6 gave up 6 tear them up
5 put their bags down 7 taking up 7 saving up for
6 were blown down 8 give up 8 bring it up
7 put them up 9 ended up 9 mix them up / get them mixed up
8 bent down (and) picked them up 10 takes up
11 make up UNIT 145
142.2
2 turned it down 143.3 145.1
3 calm him down 3 tidy it up / tidy up 2 blew away
4 let her down 4 fixed it up 3 put it back
5 written it down 5 keep up with 4 walked away
6 cut them down 6 was brought up 5 threw it back (to her)
7 keep it up 6 threw them away
142.3 8 went up to
2 calm down 9 set it up 145.2
3 slowed down 10 gave it up / gave up 2 be away / have gone away
4 was turned down 11 was made up of 3 be back
5 broken down 4 ran away
6 cut down UNIT 144 5 get away
7 let down 6 keep away / keep back
8 closed down / has closed down 144.1 7 smile back
9 be knocked down 2d
10 turned down 3e 145.3
11 was knocked down 4c 2 throw
12 broke down 5g 3 gets
6a 4 be
UNIT 143 7b 5 look
6 gave
143.1 144.2 7 get
2 went up to / walked up to 2 held up 8 put
3 catch up with 3 did it up
4 keep up with 4 cheer him up 145.4
2 throw it away
144.3 3 take them back
2 blew up 4 pay you back / pay it back
3 beaten up 5 gave them away
4 broken up / split up 6 called back / called me back
5 do up
6 clears up / will clear up
7 mixed up

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Key to Additional exercises (see page 302)

1 8 since I’ve been / since I 21 you haven’t had
went / since I last went 22 I’ve had
3 I’m getting / I am getting 23 have you seen
4 do you do 9 did you buy / did you get 24 has he been
5 we arrived … it was raining 25 I saw
6 phones … she didn’t phone 5 26 he went
7 you were thinking … I decided 27 He’d been
8 are you looking 1 got … was already waiting … 28 he decided / he’d decided
9 It doesn’t rain had arrived 29 He was really looking forward
10 He wasn’t looking 30 is he doing
11 we went … she was preparing … 2 was lying … wasn’t watching 31 I haven’t heard
… ’d fallen / had fallen … was 32 he left
We didn’t want … we didn’t stay snoring … turned … woke
12 told … he didn’t believe … 8
3 ’d just gone / had just gone …
He thought … I was joking was reading … heard … got … 1 invented
didn’t see … went 2 it’s gone / it has gone
2 3 had gone … left
4 missed … was standing … realised 4 did you do … Did you go
2 didn’t go … ’d left / had left … had … got 5 have you had
3 is wearing 6 was looking or ’d been looking /
4 went 5 met … was walking … ’d been / had
5 haven’t heard been … ’d been playing / had been had been looking
6 is being playing … were going … invited … 7 She’s been teaching / She has
7 wasn’t reading ’d arranged / had arranged …
8 didn’t have didn’t have been teaching
9 It’s beginning 8 bought … she hasn’t worn or
10 worked 6
11 wasn’t she didn’t wear
12 you’ve stayed 2 Somebody has taken it. 9 I met … was … I’d seen / I had seen
13 I’ve been doing 3 They’d only known / They had only
14 did she go … I remembered … he was
15 I’ve been playing known each other (for) a few weeks. 10 Have you heard … She was …
16 do you come 4 It’s been raining / It has been
17 since I saw her died … She wrote … I haven’t read
18 for 20 years raining all day. or 11 does this word mean … I’ve never seen
It’s rained / It has rained all day. 12 Did you get … it had already started
3 5 I’d been dreaming. / I had 13 knocked … was … she’d gone
been dreaming.
3 are you going 6 I’d had / I had had a big breakfast. / she had gone … she didn’t want
4 Do you watch 7 They’ve been going / They have 14 He’d never used / He had never
5 have you lived / have you been going there for years.
8 I’ve had it / I have had it since I got up. used … he didn’t know
been living / have you been 9 He’s been training / He has been 15 went … She needed or
6 Did they have training very hard for it.
7 Have you seen She’d needed / She had needed …
8 was she wearing 7 she’d been sitting / she had been
9 Have you been waiting / Have sitting
1 I haven’t seen
you been here 2 You look / You’re looking 9
10 does it take 3 are you going
11 Have you heard 4 are you meeting 3 used to drive
12 Have you been / Have you ever been 5 I’m going 4 was driving
6 Do you often go 5 were working
4 7 are you going 6 used to have
8 I’m meeting 7 was living
2 ’ve known each other / have 9 has been (delayed) / is (delayed) 8 was playing
known each other or ’ve been 10 I’ve been waiting 9 used to play
friends / have been friends 11 has just started / just started 10 was wearing
12 is she getting
3 I’ve ever had / I’ve ever been 13 Does she like 10
on / I’ve had for ages (etc.) 14 she thinks
15 Are you working 2 I’m going to the dentist.
4 He went / He went home / He 16 spoke 3 No, we’re going to rent a car.
went out / He left 17 you were working 4 I’ll call her now.
18 went 5 I’m having lunch with Sue.
5 I’ve worn it 19 I started / I’d started 6 What are you going to have? / What
6 I was playing 20 I lost
7 been swimming for are you having?
7 I’ll turn on the light.
8 I’m going to close the window.

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Key to Additional exercises

11 4 I’ll come / I will come or 8 couldn’t have done
I’ll be / I will be 9 should have been
2B 10 could have phoned
3A 5 I’ve been / I have been or 11 should have been warned
4B I’ve eaten / I have eaten 12 ought to have come
5A
6C 6 I used to play 18
7C 7 I haven’t been waiting or
8A 3 could rain / might rain
I haven’t been here 4 might have gone / could have gone
12 8 I’d been / I had been or I was 5 couldn’t go
9 I’m going / I am going 6 couldn’t have seen / can’t have seen
1 (2) Are you going to do / Are you 10 I haven’t seen or I haven’t 7 should get
doing 8 wouldn’t recognise / might not
heard from
(3) it starts 11 I’ll have gone / I will have gone or recognise
(4) you’ll enjoy / you’re going to 9 must have heard
I’ll have left / I will have left 10 should have turned
enjoy
(5) it will be / it’s going to be 15 19
2 (1) you’re going
(2) We’re going 2 I’ve been travelling 4 rings
(3) you have 3 I’m beginning 5 you were
(4) I’ll get 4 I’ve seen 6 it’s / it is
(5) I get 5 has been 7 it was or it were
3 (1) I’m having / I’m going to have 6 I’ve met 8 it had been
(2) are coming 7 I left 9 you had
(3) they’ll have left 8 I stayed or I was staying 10 I’d had / I had had
(4) they’re 9 I’d planned or I was planning 11 it wouldn’t have happened
(5) I won’t be / I will not be 10 I ended up 12 I didn’t watch
(6) you know 11 I enjoyed
(7) I’ll call 12 I took 20
4 (1) shall we meet 13 met
(2) I’ll be waiting 14 I’m staying or I’m going to stay 2 called (me)
(3) you arrive 3 (If) I’d known / I had known …
(4) I’ll be sitting or I’ll be staying or I’ll stay
(5) I’ll be wearing 15 I continue (I) wouldn’t have disturbed (you).
(6) Is Agent 307 coming / Is 16 I’ll get 4 (There) wouldn’t be (so many
17 I’m
Agent 307 going to come / 18 I’ll let accidents if) there was … or
Will Agent 307 be coming 19 I know … (if) there were …
(7) Shall I bring 20 I’m staying 5 (If) you’d told me about (the
(8) I’ll explain / I’m going to explain 21 we’re going to visit or we’re visiting problem), I would have tried to help
(9) I see 22 are building or have been building / I’d have tried to help (you). or
(10) I’ll try 23 it will be … I would have helped / I’d have
24 I’ll be helped
13 6 (I) would have got/gotten (very wet
16 if) I hadn’t had …
1 I’ll have 7 (If he) hadn’t been / hadn’t got /
2 Are you going 2A hadn’t gotten … (he) wouldn’t have
3 shall I phone 3C failed / would have passed / ’d have
4 It’s going to land 4 B or C passed …
5 it’s / it is 5B
6 I’ll miss / I’m going to miss … 6 A or C 21
7 A or C
you go / you’ve gone 8C Example answers:
7 Shall I give … I give … will you call 9 B or C 1 I wasn’t feeling so tired
8 does it finish 10 A or B 2 I hadn’t had so much to do
9 I’m going … is getting 11 A 3 I would have forgotten Amy’s
10 I’ll tell … I’m … I won’t be 12 C
11 I’m going to have / I’m having 13 A or B birthday
12 she apologises 14 B or C 4 I’d probably waste it
13 we’ll be living / we’ll live 15 B 5 I’ll take a picture of you
14 you finish / you’ve finished 6 you were in trouble
17 7 you hadn’t taken so long to get ready
14 8 I would have gone to the concert
2 shouldn’t have eaten 9 I might have got the job
2 I’ve had / I have had 3 must have forgotten 10 you’d eaten lunch
3 I bought or I got 4 needn’t have gone 11 there was less traffic
5 can’t be changed 12 it would be harder to get
6 may be watching
7 must have been waiting information

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Key to Additional exercises

22 2 I had reserved a hotel room, but 6 Everybody seems to have gone out.
when I got to the hotel they told 7 We’re / We are thinking of moving.
3 was cancelled me (that) they had no record of a 8 I was afraid to touch it.
4 has been repaired reservation in my name. 9 I was afraid of missing my train.
5 is being restored When I asked (them) if/whether 10 It’s / It is not worth seeing.
6 It’s believed / It is believed they had any rooms free anyway, 11 I’m not used to walking so far.
7 I’d be fired / I would be fired they said (that) they were sorry, 12 She seems to be enjoying
8 It might have been thrown but the hotel was full.
9 He was taught herself. or She seemed …
10 being arrested / having been 3 The immigration officer asked us 13 He insisted on showing them to me.
why we were visiting the country, 14 I’d rather somebody else did it.
arrested or I was arrested and we told him (that) we were on
11 Have you ever been arrested holiday. 28
12 are reported … have been injured Then he wanted to know how long
we intended to stay and where we 3 I’ve given up reading newspapers.
23 would be staying during our visit. 4 I’d rather not go out tonight. / …

3 ’ve sold / have sold or sold 4 She said (that) she’d phone us stay at home tonight.
4 ’s been sold / has been sold or from the airport when she arrived. 5 He has trouble sleeping at night.
or She said (that) she’ll phone us 6 Do you want me to phone
was sold from the airport when she arrives.
5 are made No, she said not to come to the you this evening?
6 might be stolen airport. She said that she’d take 7 I came in without anybody/anyone
7 must have been stolen the bus. or She said that she’ll
8 must have taken take the bus. seeing me. / … without being seen.
9 can be solved 8 I was accused of being a cheat. /
10 should have left 5 He wanted to know what my job
11 is delayed was and asked (me) how much I … of cheating.
12 is being built … is expected earned. or He wanted to know 9 I’m looking forward to seeing
what my job is and asked (me)
24 how much I earn. them again.
… so I told him to mind his own 10 What do you advise me to do?
1 Castle Fire business and ended the call. 11 I’d like to have gone out with
2 was discovered
3 was injured 6 He said (that) he’d be at the you last night.
4 be rescued restaurant at 7.30. 12 I regret not taking your advice. /
5 are believed to have been destroyed He said (that) he knew where the
6 is not known restaurant was. And I told him to … that I didn’t take your advice.
2 Shop Robbery phone me if there was a problem.
1 was forced 29
2 being threatened 7 You just said (that) you weren’t
3 had been stolen hungry. 2 a foreign country … the language
4 was later found But you said (that) you didn’t like 3 an economist … in the United
5 had been abandoned bananas. You told me not to buy
6 has been arrested / was any. States … for an investment company
4 I love sport, especially tennis … two
arrested 26
7 is still being questioned or three times a week … not a very
3 Road Delays 3 changing good player
1 is being resurfaced 4 to change 5 for dinner … after work … to the
2 are asked / are being asked / 5 change cinema
6 being 6 When unemployment is … for
have been asked 7 saying people to find work … a big problem
3 is expected 8 to call 7 an accident … going home …
4 will be closed / is going to be closed 9 drinking taken to hospital / taken to the
5 will be diverted / is going to be diverted 10 to be hospital … I think most accidents …
4 Accident 11 to see by people driving
1 was taken 12 taking 8 the name of the hotel … The
2 was allowed 13 to be Ambassador … in Queen Street in
3 was blocked 14 to think … making the city centre … near the station
4 be diverted 15 living … to move 9 The older one … a pilot … The
5 have been killed 16 to be … playing younger one … at school … he
17 being stopped … stealing … driving leaves school …
25 18 work … pressing go to university … study law

1 I told her (that) Paul had gone out 27 30
and I didn’t know when he’d be
back. 3 I don’t fancy going out. 2B
I asked (her) if/whether she 4 He tends to forget things. 3C
wanted to leave a message, but 5 Would you mind helping me? / 4 A or B
she said (that) she’d try again later. 5C
Do you mind helping me? 6B
7 A or C
8A
9C
10 B or C
11 B

370

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Key to Additional exercises

12 A 7 to a party at Lisa’s house 6k
13 A or B 8 on 7c
14 B 9 on 8j
10 to 9b
31 11 in Vienna … at the age of 35 10 f
12 in this photo … on the left 11 i
3 It’s the most polluted place … 13 to the theatre … in the front row
4 I was disappointed that … 14 on the wall by the door / next to 38
5 OK
6 Joe works hard, but … the door / beside the door 2D
7 … in a large modern building. 15 at 3B
8 OK (as fast as he can is also correct) 16 on 4B
9 I missed the last three days … 17 in a tower block … on the 5A
10 OK 6A
11 The weather has been unusually fifteenth floor 7D
18 on 8C
cold … 19 by 9C
12 The water in the pool was too 20 on the bus … by car 10 B
21 on 11 A
dirty to swim in. 22 in 12 D
13 … to wait such a long time. 23 in London … to Italy
24 to 39
or to wait so long. 25 on
14 OK 2 out to
15 … I got up earlier than usual. 35 3 up with
4 forward to
32 1 for 5 up with
2 at 6 out of
2 If 3 to 7 on with
3 when 4 to 8 up with
4 if 5 in 9 back on
5 when 6 with 10 out about
6 if 7 of 11 on with
7 if 8 to
8 unless 9 of 40
9 if 10 at/by
10 as long as 11 of 3 turned up / showed up
11 in case 12 about 4 fill it in / fill it out
12 in case 5 knocked down / pulled down /
13 if 36
14 even if torn down
15 Although 1 of 6 give up
16 Although 2 after 7 dozed off / dropped off /
17 When 3 – (no preposition)
18 when 4 about nodded off
5 to 8 split up / break up
33 6 – (no preposition) 9 put up with it
7 into 10 get by
2 on 8 of (about is also possible) 11 went on
3 on Tuesday morning at 9.30 9 to 12 put it off
4 at / on 10 – (no preposition)
5 on 11 on 41
6 at 12 of
7 In 13 of 2 put
8 at 14 – (no preposition) 3 moving
9 during 15 in 4 put
10 on Friday … since then 16 at (about is also possible) 5 done
11 for 17 on 6 turned / turns
12 at 18 If Alex asks you for money 7 find
13 at the moment … until Friday 19 I apologised to Sarah for 8 Calm
14 by 9 set
15 in keeping … 10 held
20 I thanked her for everything … 11 left / ’ve left / have left or
34
37 missed / ’ve missed / have missed
1 in 12 works
2 by 2h 13 join
3 at 3e 14 works
4 on 4g 15 drop / call
5 in 5a 16 sort / work
6 on 17 went off … woke me up

371

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Key to Study guide

Present and past 6.6 C Relative clauses
6.7 D
1.1 A 12.1 A, C
1.2 B Reported speech 12.2 A, B
1.3 C 12.3 C
1.4 B, C 7.1 A 12.4 B
1.5 C 7.2 B 12.5 D
1.6 A 7.3 A 12.6 B, C

Present perfect and past Questions and auxiliary verbs Adjectives and adverbs

2.1 B 8.1 C 13.1 B
2.2 C 8.2 A 13.2 C
2.3 A 8.3 D 13.3 B, C
2.4 C 8.4 A 13.4 A
2.5 A 8.5 B 13.5 A, D
2.6 B 13.6 C
2.7 A, D -ing and to … 13.7 B, C
2.8 D 13.8 C
2.9 A 9.1 A, D 13.9 C
2.10 A 9.2 B, D 13.10 B, C
2.11 C 9.3 B 13.11 D
2.12 A 9.4 A 13.12 A, B
2.13 C, D 9.5 A 13.13 B
2.14 C 9.6 A 13.14 D, E
2.15 D 9.7 C 13.15 D
2.16 C 9.8 D
9.9 C Conjunctions and prepositions
Future 9.10 C
9.11 B 14.1 A, D
3.1 B 9.12 C, D 14.2 C
3.2 A 9.13 D 14.3 B, C
3.3 C 9.14 B 14.4 B, D
3.4 A, C 9.15 A, B 14.5 B
3.5 B 9.16 A 14.6 C, D
3.6 C 9.17 A 14.7 B, C
3.7 A 9.18 B, C 14.8 A

Modals Articles and nouns Prepositions

4.1 A, B 10.1 B 15.1 B, D
4.2 B 10.2 A 15.2 A
4.3 A, C, D 10.3 B, C 15.3 C
4.4 C 10.4 B 15.4 B
4.5 B 10.5 C 15.5 A
4.6 C, D 10.6 A 15.6 B, D
4.7 B 10.7 A 15.7 B
4.8 A, C 10.8 A 15.8 B
4.9 B, C 10.9 D 15.9 C
4.10 A, B, D 10.10 C 15.10 C
4.11 A 10.11 C 15.11 C
4.12 D, E 10.12 A 15.12 A
4.13 A 10.13 C 15.13 C
10.14 B 15.14 B
if and wish 15.15 D
Pronouns and determiners 15.16 D
5.1 B 15.17 A
5.2 C 11.1 A
5.3 B 11.2 B Phrasal verbs
5.4 D 11.3 D
5.5 A 11.4 B 16.1 B
11.5 B 16.2 A
Passive 11.6 C 16.3 D
11.7 A, C 16.4 C
6.1 C 11.8 D 16.5 C
6.2 B 11.9 D 16.6 B
6.3 D 11.10 A 16.7 A
6.4 A 11.11 B 16.8 A, D
6.5 A, B 11.12 B, C 16.9 B

372

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Index

The numbers in the index are unit amazed astonished
numbers, not page numbers. amazed + to … 65C astonished + to … 65C
amazed at/by 130C astonished at/by 130C
a/an 69–72
a/an and the 72, 73A American English Appendix 7 at
a little / a few 87D–E an see a at (time) 121
a/an with quite and pretty 104A angry (about/with/for) 130B at the end and in the end 122B
such a/an 102 annoyed (about/with/for) 130B at (position) 123–5
answer at the age of … 127D
able (be able to) 26 adjective + at 130C, 131B
about an answer to something 129D verb + at 132
to answer a question (no preposition)
adjective + about 130, 131A attitude (to/towards) 129D
verb + about 133–134 132B auxiliary verbs (see also modal verbs)
accuse (of ) 62B, 135A any 69C, 85–86
active and passive 42 in questions 49A–B
adjectives 98–101 any and some 85 in short answers etc. 51
adjective + to … 65–66 anybody/anyone/anything/anywhere in question tags 52
the + adjective 76B avoid (+ -ing) 53A, 56A
adjectives ending in -ing and -ed 98 85–86 aware (of ) 131A
order of adjectives 99 not … any 86 away (verb + away) 137, 145
adjectives after verbs 99C any and no 86D
adjectives and adverbs 100–101 any (of ) 88 back
comparative 105–107 any and either 89D in/at/on the back 124D, Appendix 7
superlative 108 any + comparative 106B verb + back 145
adjective + preposition 130–131 any more / any longer 111B
admit (+ -ing) 53, 56A apologise (to somebody for) 62, bad (at) 131B
advantage (of/in/to) 60A, 129B baggage (uncountable noun) 70B
adverbs 132A, 135B because (of) 113B–C
adjectives and adverbs 100–101 apostrophe (in short forms) bed (in bed / to bed) 74C, 124A, 126A
comparatives 105B been to 8A, 126A
position of adverbs with the verb Appendix 5
apostrophe s (’s) 81 been to and gone to 7B
(always, also etc.) 110 appear (+ to …) 54C before
advice (uncountable noun) 70B apply (for) 133B
advise (+ to …) 55B approve (of + -ing) 62A, 135A before + present simple 25A
afford (+ to…) 54A, 56A aren’t I? (question tag) 52D before + -ing 60B
afraid (of ) 131A arrange (+ to …) 54A, 56A begin (+ -ing or to …) 56C
arrive (in/at) 126B beginning (at the beginning) 122B
I’m afraid so/not 51D articles (a/an/the) 69–78 being (he is and he is being) 4D
afraid to do and afraid of doing 66A believe (in) 136A
after a/an 69–72 believed (it is believed … ) 45A
after + present simple / present perfect a/an and the 72, 73A better 105C
the 72–78 had better 35A–B
25A–B school / the school etc. 74 between (noun + between) 129E
after + -ing 60B, 68B children / the children etc. 75 blame 135B
look after 133D the with names 77–78 bored
ago 12C as 107, 116–118 bored and boring 98
agree (+ to …) 54A, 56A as soon as 25A–B bored with 130C
all 88, 90 as … as (in comparative sentences) born (I was born …) 44C
all and all the 75B, 88B both (of) 89
all (of ) 88 107 both … and 89C
all and both 89D as long as 115B both and all 89D
all, every and whole 90 as (= at the same time as) 116A position of both 110D
position of all 110D as and when 116 bother (+ -ing or to …) 56C
alleged (it is alleged …) 45A as (= because) 116B bottom (at the bottom) 124C
allow (+ to … and -ing) 55B, 66D as and like 117 bound (bound to do) 65E
already 111D as if / as though 118 bread (uncountable noun) 70B
already with the present perfect 7D ashamed (of ) 131A break
position of already 110 ask break into 136B
also (position of also) 110 ask in passive sentences 44A break down 137B, 142D
although 113 ask (somebody) to do something break up 144D
always busy (busy doing something) 63D
I always do and I’m always doing 3B 48D, 55A
position of always 110 ask how/what + to … 54D 373
ask somebody (no preposition)

132B
ask somebody) for 133B

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Index

by 120, 128 consist (of ) 135A each (of ) 91
by after the passive 42B, 128C contact (with/between) 129E each other 82C
by (+ -ing) 60B continue (+ to … or -ing) 56C
by myself / yourself etc. 83D continuous tenses see present -ed clauses 97
by (the time) 120 either (of ) 89
by and until 120B continuous, past continuous
by chance / by mistake etc. 128A verbs not used in continuous not … either 51C
by car / by bus etc. 128B either … or 89C
a play by Shakespeare etc. 128C tenses 4A, 6E, 10D, 16D, 17A either and any 89D
adjective + by 130C contractions (short forms) elder 106E
eldest 108C
call 26 Appendix 5 encourage (+ to …) 55B
call somebody (no preposition) corner (in/at/on the corner) 124E end
132B could 26, 27, 29C in the end and at the end 122B
call something off 140B at the end (position) 124C
call somebody back 145C could and was able to 26D end up 143E
Appendix 4 could (do) and could have (done) 27 enjoy (+ -ing) 53A, 54A, 56A, 58A
couldn’t have (done) 27E, 28B enough 103
can 26 could in if sentences 38C, 39E, 40D envious (of ) 131A
can I/you … ? 37 I wish I could 41C even 112
can and other modal verbs could I/you …? 37 position of even 110
Appendix 4 could and other modal verbs even if / when 112D
even though 112D, 113E
can’t (cannot) 26, 28 Appendix 4 ever (with the present perfect) 8A
can’t help 57C countable and uncountable nouns every 90
every and all 90
capable (of ) 131A 69–70 everybody/everyone/everything
care (care about, care for, take care of ) crash (into) 136B
critical (of ) 131A 90A, D
133C crowded (with) 131B every and each 91
carry everyone and every one 91D
damage (uncountable noun) 70B excited (about) 130B
carry on 53B, 141A damage to 129D exclamations (What …) 71A–B
carry out 139C excuse (for) 62B
case (in case) 114 dare 54B expect
causative have (have something decide I expect so / I don’t expect so 51D
expect + to … 55A
done) 46 decide + to … 54, 56A expected (it is expected that) 45A
cause (of ) 129B decide against + -ing 62A experience (countable or uncountable
certain delighted (with) 130B
demand noun) 70A
certain (+ to …) 65E, 84B demand + should 34A–B explain 54D, 132A
certain of/about 131A a demand for 129A
cheque (by cheque) 128B deny (+ -ing) 53, 56A fail (+ to…) 54A, 56A, 66D
church (church / the church) 74B depend (on) 135D fairly 104
claim (+ to …) 54C dependent (on) 131B famous (for) 131B
clauses depressed (and depressing) 98 fancy (+ -ing) 53A, 56A
when and if clauses 25 deserve (+ to …) 54A, 56A far
if clauses 38–40 despite 113
-ing clauses 68, 97 did (in past simple questions and far/further/farther 105C
relative clauses 92–96 far + comparative 106A
collide (with) 136C negatives) 5C fast 101B
comparative 105–107 die (of) 135A fed up (with) 60A, 130C
comparative with even 112C difference (between) 129E feel
complain (to somebody about/of …) different (from/to) 131B, how do you feel and how are you

134D Appendix 7 feeling 4C
compound nouns (a tennis ball, a difficulty (have difficulty + -ing) 63C feel like 62A
direct speech and reported speech feel + adjective 99C, 100C
headache etc.) 80 few 69C, 87
concentrate (on) 136E 47–48, 50B few and a few 87C–E
conditional sentences (if sentences) disappointed few (of ) 88
finish
if I do… 25C disappointed + to … 65C finish + -ing 53A
if I do and if I did 38 disappointed and disappointing 98 finish off 141C
if I knew, if I were etc. 39 disappointed with 130B first
if I had known, if I had been etc. 40 discuss (no preposition) 133A it’s the first time I’ve … 8C
unless 115A divide (into) 136B the first/last/next + to … 65D
as long as 115B do/does (in present simple questions the first two days 99D
providing / provided 115B fond (of ) 131A
congratulate (on) 62B, 135D and negatives) 2C
connection (with/between) 129E do up 144D
conscious (of) 131A down (verb + down) 137, 142
consider (+ -ing) 53, 56A dream

374 dream of + -ing 62A, 66D
dream about/of 134C
during 119

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Index

for going to 20, Appendix 3 hospital (hospital / the hospital) 74B, 125A
for with the present perfect 8B, 9B, going to and will 23 American English Appendix 7
11–12 was/were going to 20D
for and since 12A how about (+ -ing) 60A
for and to … (purpose) 64C, 103C gone to and been to 7B how long … ? (+ present perfect) 11–12
for and during 119 good how long is it since … ? 12D
noun + for 129A
adjective + for 130D, 131B good at 60A, 131B if 25, 38–40
verb + for 133, 135B good of someone to do something, (be) if I do … 25C
if I do and if I did 38
forget (+ to …) 54, 56A good to someone 130A if I knew, if I were etc. 39
forgive (for) 135B good and well 101A if I had known, if I had been etc. 40
frightened (of ) 131A it’s no good (+ -ing) 63A if and when 25D
from got (have got) 17A, 31D if + should 34E
gotten (American English) if any 85C
adjective + from 131B even if 112D
verb + from 135C Appendix 7 if and in case 114B
front (in/at/on the front) 124D, guess (I guess so) 51D as if 118

Appendix 7 had if (= whether) 50
full (of ) 131A had done (past perfect) 15 imagine (+ -ing) 53, 56A
furious (about/with/for) 130B had been doing (past perfect impressed (with/by) 130C
furniture (uncountable noun) 70B in
further 105C continuous) 16
future 19–25, Appendix 3 had (past of have) 17 in (time) 121
if I’d known / I wish I’d known 40 in time and on time 122A
present tenses for the future 19 in the end and at the end 122B
going to 20 had in (position) 123–126
will 21–22 had done (past perfect) 15 in/of after a superlative 108D
will and shall 21D, 22D had been doing (past perfect in (other uses) 127A, 129C
will and going to 23 continuous) 16 adjective + in 131B
will be doing (future continuous) 24 had (past of have) 17 verb + in 136A, 137, 138
will have done (future perfect) 24 if I’d known / I wish I’d known 40 in and into 138A
future with when, if etc. 25, 114A, in case 114
had better 35A–B increase (in) 129C
115C, 119C hair (countable or uncountable noun) infinitive (to be, to play etc.) 54–59,

generous (+ preposition) 130A 70A 64–67
geographical names with and half (of ) 88 passive infinitive (to be done ) 43A–B
happen (to) 136D infinitive in reported speech 48D
without the 77 happy (happy about/with) 130B verb + infinitive 54–59
gerund see -ing hard 101B–C continuous infinitive (to be doing) 54C
get hardly 101C–D perfect infinitive (to have done) 54C,
hate
get in the passive 44D 58C
get something done 46C hate doing / to do 58 infinitive after a question word 54D
get someone to do something 55B would hate 58B–C verb + object + infinitive 55
get used to 61 have/has 17 verb + infinitive or -ing 55–58
get + adjective 99C have done (present perfect) 7–14 to-infinitive and to + -ing 60C
get to (a place) 126B have been -ing (present perfect infinitive for purpose (I called the
get in/out/on/off 126D, 138A
get by 137B continuous) 9–10 restaurant to reserve a table) 64
get out of 138C have and have got 17 adjective + infinitive 65–66
get on 137A, 141B have breakfast / have a bath etc. infinitive without to
get away (with) 145B after make and let 55C
get back to 145C 17C, Appendix 7 see/hear somebody do 67
getting (present continuous) 1C I’m having, we’re having etc. 17C information (uncountable noun) 70B
give have to (and must) 31 -ing (being, playing etc.) 53, 55–63
give in passive sentences 44A have got to 31D being (done) (passive) 44B
give up 53B, 143E have something done 46 verb + -ing 53, 55–59
give out 139C having (done) 53D, 68B–C having (done) 53D, 68B–C
give away 145B hear verb + -ing or to … 55–58
glad (+ to …) 65C with the present simple or can 4C preposition + -ing 60, 66
go hear someone do/doing 67 to + -ing and to–infinitive 60C
go swimming/shopping etc. 63E hear of/about/from 134A used to + -ing 61
go on holiday / on a trip etc. 127C help verb + preposition + -ing 62, 66D
go on 53B, 140B, 141A help + to … 55A expressions + -ing 63
go on doing and go on to do 56B can’t help 57C go swimming / go shopping etc. 63E
go out 139A home 74C, 125A, 126C see/hear somebody doing 67
go off 140D, 141C hope -ing clauses 68, 97
hope + present simple 22B
hope and wish 41A
I hope so / I hope not 51D

hope + to … 54A, 56A

375

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Index

insist long myself/yourself etc. (reflexive
insist + should 34A–B as long as 115B pronouns) 82
insist on 62A, 136E no longer / not … any longer 111B
by myself / by yourself etc. 83D
in spite of 60A, 113 look
instead of (+ -ing) 60A you look and you’re looking 4C names with and without the 77–78
intend (+ to … or -ing) 56C look forward to 60C, 62A, 137C nationality words with the 76C
interested (in) 60A, 131B look + adjective 99C, 100C need
look as if, look like 118
interested in doing and interested to look at 132C need to do and need doing 57B
do 66B look back (on) 145C a need for 129A
look for/after 133D needn’t 32
interested and interesting 98 look up 144D needn’t have (done) and didn’t need to
into 126D
lot (a lot /lots) 87A–B (do) 32 D
verb + into 136B quite a lot 104A needn’t and other modal verbs
in and into 138A a lot + comparative 106A
invitation (to) 129D Appendix 4
invite love American English Appendix 7
invite + to … 55B love doing / to do 58 negative
invite somebody to something 136D would love 55A, 58B–C present simple 2C
irregular verbs 5B, Appendix 1 be / fall in love with 127A past simple 5C
it and there 84 negative questions 49D
it’s no good / it’s no use (+ -ing) 63A luck (uncountable noun) 70B no, none and any 86
it’s time … 35C luggage (uncountable noun) 70B negative short forms
it’s worth (+ -ing) 63B
make Appendix 5.3
jealous (of ) 131A make somebody do something 55C neither (of ) 89
just make up 143E, 144A
neither am I, neither do I etc. 51C
just with the present perfect 7D, manage (+ to …) 26D, 54A, 56A neither … nor 89C
Appendix 7 many (and much) 69C, 87 neither and none 89D
never
just in case 114A many (of ) 88 never with the present perfect 8A
just as 116A married (to) 131B position of never 110
just in time 122A may 29–30 news (uncountable noun) 70B, 79B
nice (nice of someone to do something /
keen (on) 131B may as well 30D
keep may I … ? 37B–C be nice to someone) 65B, 130A
may and other modal verbs no
keep on 53, 56A, 141A
keep up (with …) 137C, 143A Appendix 4 no and none (of ) 86A, 88
keep away (from …) 145B mean (adjective – mean of someone to do no and any 86
kind (kind of someone to do something nobody/no–one/nothing/nowhere 86B
something / be mean to someone) 65B no + comparative 106B
/ be kind to someone) 65B, 130A means (noun) 79B no longer 111B
know (how/what etc. + to …) 54D might 29–30 none
none (of ) and no 86A, 88
late and lately 101B might in if sentences 30B, 38C, 40D none and neither 89D
laugh (at) 132C might as well 30D nor
learn (how) (+ to …) 54, 56A might and other modal verbs nor am I, nor do I etc. 51C
leave neither … nor 89C
Appendix 4 nouns
leave for 133B mind (+ -ing) 53, 56A, 58A–B countable and uncountable 69–70
leave something out 138C singular and plural 69, 71, 79
less 107A do you mind if … ? 37C noun + noun (compound nouns) 80
let mine / yours etc. (a friend of mine/ noun + preposition 129
let somebody do something 55C
let somebody down 142D yours) 83A of
like (verb) modal verbs (will, can, must etc.) of and ’s 81
like doing / to do 58 all of / none of / most of etc. 88, 96B
would like 37D, 55A, 58B–C 21–22, 26–37, Appendix 4 both of / neither of / either of 89, 96B
like (preposition/conjunction) more a friend of mine/yours etc. 83A
like and as 117 of/in after a superlative 108D
like and as if 118 more in comparatives 105 noun + of 129B
likely (+ to …) 65E, 84B not … any more 111B adjective + of 130A, 131A
listen (to) 132A most verb + of 134, 135A
little 69C, 87 most + noun 75A
little and a little 87C–E most (of ) 88 off (verb + off ) 137, 140–141
little (of ) 88 the most … (superlative) 108 offer
a little + comparative 106A much (and many) 69C, 87
live (on) 135D much (of ) 88 offer in passive sentences 44A
much + comparative 106A offer + to … 54A, 56A
376 must
must and can’t 28, Appendix 7
must and have to 31
mustn’t 31C, 32A
must and should 33A
must and other modal verbs

Appendix 4

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Index

on past simple (I did) 5 prepositions 121–136
on my own 83D past simple and past continuous for and since 12A
on (time) 121 6C–D in questions 49C
on time and in time 122A past simple and present perfect preposition + -ing 60, 66
on (position) 123–125 12–14 verb + preposition + -ing 62, 66D
on a bus / on a train etc. 125E past simple and past perfect 15C prepositions in relative clauses
on (other uses) 127B–C past simple passive 42C 93C, 96A
adjective + on 131B in/of after a superlative 108D
verb + on 135D, 136E, 137, 140–141 pay like and as 117
pay in passive sentences 44A for and during 119
one another 82C pay (somebody) for something 135B by 120, 128
only (position of only) 110 pay back 145C by and until 120B
ought to 33D at/on/in (time) 121–122
people 79D on time and in time 122A
ought and other modal verbs perfect see present perfect, past at the end and in the end 122B
Appendix 4 at/on/in (position) 123–125
perfect to/at/in/into 126
out perfect infinitive (to have done) 43B in/at/on (other uses) 127
out of 126D by car / by bus etc. 128B
verb + out 137–139 (passive), 54C, 58C noun + preposition 129
out and out of 138A persuade (+ to …) 55B adjective + preposition 130–31
phone verb + preposition 132–136
own phrasal verb + preposition 137C
my own house / your own car 83B–C on the phone 127B
on my own / on your own etc. 83D phone somebody (no preposition) present see present continuous,
present simple, present perfect
paper (countable and uncountable) 132B
70A phone somebody back 145C present tenses for the future 19,
photo/photograph Appendix 3
participle clauses (-ing and -ed in a photo 124A
clauses) 68, 97 a photo of someone 129B present and past tenses
phrasal verbs (break down / get on etc.) Appendix 2
passive 42–44
passive and active 42A 137–145 present continuous (I am doing) 1
by after the passive 42B introduction to phrasal verbs 137 present continuous and present
simple tenses 42C phrasal verb + preposition (run away simple 3–4
to be done/cleaned etc. (infinitive) am/is/are being 4D
43A–B from etc.) 137C present continuous for the future 19,
perfect tenses 43C position of object (turn the light on / 20B, Appendix 3
continuous tenses 43D present continuous passive 43D
being (done) 44B turn it on etc.) 137D
get 44D verb + in/out 138–139 present perfect (simple) (I have done)
it is said that 45A verb + on/off 140–141 7–8
verb + up/down 142–144
past (see also past continuous, past verb + away/back 145 present perfect with this morning,
perfect and past simple) picture today etc. 8B, 14B
in a picture 124A
past after if and wish 38–40 a picture of someone 129B present perfect simple and continuous
past after I’d rather 59D plan (+ to …) 54A, 56A 10–11
past after it’s time 35C pleased
past after as if 118D pleased + to … 65C present perfect with how long, for and
present and past tenses pleased with 130B since 11–12
plenty (of ) 87A
Appendix 2 plural and singular 69, 71, 79 present perfect and past simple 12–14
past continuous (I was doing) 6 they/them/their used for somebody/ present perfect and past perfect 15B
present perfect after when 25B
past continuous and past simple nobody etc. 85E, 86C, 90D present perfect passive 43C
6C–D spelling of plural nouns present perfect after a superlative

past continuous and used to 18E Appendix 6 108E
past continuous passive 43D point American English Appendix 7
past perfect (simple) (I had done) 15 present perfect continuous (I have
past perfect and present perfect 15B there’s no point in + -ing 63A
past perfect and past simple 15C point (something) at 132C been doing) 9–10
past perfect after if 40 point out 139C present perfect continuous and
past perfect passive 43C police (plural) 79C
past perfect continuous (I had been polite present continuous 9C
polite of someone to do something / be present perfect continuous and simple
doing) 16
polite to someone 130A 10–11
prefer 59 present perfect continuous and past
would prefer 55A, 58B–C, 59B
prefer (one thing) to (another) 59A, 60C, perfect continuous 16B

136D

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Index

present simple (I do) relative pronouns 92–96 shout (at/to) 132D
present simple and present who 92–96 show
continuous 3–4 which 92–93, 95–96
present simple for the future 19B that 92–94 show in passive sentences 44A
present simple after when and if 25, that and what 92D show someone how/what + to …
Appendix 3 whose 94A, 95B
present simple passive 42C whom 94B, 95B, 96A–B 54D
where 94C, 95B show off 141C
pretend (+ to …) 54C of whom / of which 96B show up 143E
pretty (pretty good, pretty often etc.) similar (to) 131B
rely (on) 135D simple past see past simple
104 remember simple present see present simple
prevent (from) 62B, 66D since
prison (prison / the prison) 74B, 125A remember + to … and -ing 56B with present perfect 8B, 9B, 11–12
probably remember how/what + to … 54D since and for 12A
remind how long is it since … ? 12D
probably + will 22B remind + to … 55B since (= because) 116B
position of probably 110 remind of/about 134E singular and plural 69, 71, 79
problem (have a problem + -ing) 63C reported speech 47–48 they/them/their used for somebody/
progress (uncountable noun) 70B reported questions 50B
progressive tenses see continuous responsible (for) 131B nobody etc. 85E, 86C, 90D
promise rise (in) 129C slightly (+ comparative) 106A
promise (+ will/would) 36B risk (+ -ing) 53A, 56A smell
promise + to … 54A, 56A room (countable or uncountable noun)
protect (from) 135C with the present simple and can 4C
proud (of ) 131A 70A smell something (burn)ing 67B
provide (with) 136C smell + adjective 99C
provided/providing 115B ’s (apostrophe s) 81, Appendix 5.1 so
purpose said (it is said that) 45A so am I, so do I etc. 51C
to … for purpose 64 same (the same as) 73B, 107C, 117B I think so, I hope so etc. 51D
on purpose 127B, 128A satisfied so that (purpose) 64D
put so and such 102
put out 139A satisfied and satisfying 98 so + adjective + that 102B
put off 53B, 140, 141C satisfied with 130B so long as 115B
put on 140 say solution (to) 129D
put up/down 142A say and tell 48C some 69C, 71, 85
put up with 144D say (+ to …) 48D some with countable nouns 71
put away 145B scared (of ) 131A some and any 85
scenery (uncountable noun) 70B somebody/someone/something/
questions 49–50 school (school / the school) 74A
present simple questions 2C, 49B search (for) 133B somewhere 85
past simple questions 5C, 49B see some (of ) 88
negative questions 49D with the present simple or can 4C soon (as soon as) 25A–B
embedded questions (Do you know see someone do/doing 67 sorry
what … ?) 50A see off 140D sorry + to … 65C
reported questions 50B seem sorry to do and sorry for/about doing
question tags 52 seem + to … 54C
seem + adjective 99C 66C
quite 104 –self (myself/yourself etc.) 82, 83D sorry about/for 130D
series 79B feel sorry for 130D
rather shall and will 22D sound
would rather 59C shall I/we? 21D sound + adjective 99C
I’d rather you did something 59D Let’s … , shall we? 52D sound as if 118
rather cold / rather nice etc. 104 shall and other modal verbs space (space and a space) 73C
speak (to) 132A
reason (for) 129A Appendix 4 species 79B
recommend 34 A–B, 53 American English Appendix 7 spelling Appendix 6
reflexive pronouns (myself, yourself shocked spend
shocked and shocking 98 spend time + -ing 63D
etc.) 82 shocked at/by 130C spend money on … 136E
by myself/yourself etc. 83D short (of ) 131A spite (in spite of ) 113
refuse (+ to …) 54A, 56A short forms (I’m, you’ve, didn’t etc.) start (start + to … or -ing) 56C
regret (+ -ing and to …) 53D, 56B state verbs (like, know, belong etc.)
regular and irregular verbs Appendix 5 4A, 6E, 10D, 16D, 17A
should 33–34 still 111
Appendix 1 still and yet 111C
relationship (with/between) 129E should and had better 35B
relative clauses 92–96 should and other modal verbs

relative clauses as object 93 Appendix 4
prepositions in relative clauses 93C American English Appendix 7
two types of relative clause 95

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Index

stop the 72–78 turn
stop + -ing 53, 56A the and a/an 72, 73A turn out 139
stop someone (from) + -ing 53C, 62B, the sea, the sky etc. 73C turn on/off 137D, 140A
66D the cinema, the theatre etc. 73D turn up 142A, 143E
school / the school 74 turn down 142
stupid (stupid of someone to do children / the children 75
something) 65B, 130A the + adjective (the young etc.) 76B two–word verbs see phrasal verbs
the + nationality word (the French etc.) typical (of ) 131A
subjunctive 34B 76C
American English Appendix 7 the with geographical names 77 uncountable nouns 69–70
the with streets, buildings etc. 78 understand (how/what + to …) 54D
succeed (in + -ing) 62A, 66D, 136A the + comparative (the sooner, the university (university / the university)
such better) 106D
the + superlative (the oldest etc.) 108B 74B
such and so 102 unless 115A
such as 117A there (and it) 84 until (or till)
suffer (from) 135C there’s no point in … 63A
suggest there will/must/should etc. 84B until + present simple / present perfect
suggest + should 34A–C, 55B there is + -ing or -ed 97C 25A–B
suggest + -ing 53, 54A, 56A
superlative (longest/best etc.) 108 they/them/their (used for somebody/ until and by 120B
suppose (I suppose so/not) 51D anybody/nobody/everybody) 85E, up (verb + up) 137, 142–144
supposed (He is supposed to …) 45B 86C, 90D upset (about) 130B
sure use (it’s no use + -ing) 63A
sure + to … 65E, 84B think used
sure of/about 131B I think and I’m thinking 4B
surprised I think so, I don’t think so 51D used to do 18
surprised + to … 65C think of + -ing 54A, 62A, 66D be/get used to 61
surprised and surprising 98 think about and think of 134B I am used to doing and I used to do
surprised at/by 130C
suspect (of ) 62B, 135A though 113E 18F, 61D
suspicious (of ) 131A as though 118 usually (position of usually) 110
even though 112D, 113E
tags (question tags) 52 verbs see also present, past, future,
take threaten (+ to …) 54A, 56A passive etc.
throw
take care of 133C verbs not used in continuous tenses
take somebody in 138B throw to/at 132D 4A, 6E, 10D, 16D, 17A
take off 140 throw away 137D, 145B
take down 142A till see until list of irregular verbs
take up 143 time Appendix 1.4
talk it’s the first time I’ve … 8C
talk to somebody 132A it’s time … 35C present and past tenses
talk about something 62A, 133A countable or uncountable noun 70A Appendix 2
taste on time and in time 122A
with the present simple or can 4C tired verbs + -ing and verbs + to …
taste + adjective 99C tired and tiring 98 (infinitive) 53–59
teach tired of 130C verb + preposition 62, 132–136
teach in passive sentences 44A to + infinitive (to be / to do etc.) see
teach somebody how to do something 54D phrasal verbs (break down / get on
teach + to … 55B infinitive etc.) 137–145
telephone see phone to 126
tell wait (for) 133B
tell in passive sentences 44A to + -ing 60C want (+ to …) 55A, 66D
tell and say 48C noun + to 129D warn (+ to …) 55B
tell someone to do something 48D, 55B adjective + to 130A, 131B was/were 5D
tell someone what to do 54D verb + to 132, 136D
tell someone off 141C too and enough 103 was/were -ing (past continuous) 6
temporal clauses (when clauses) 25 top (at the top) 124C was/were going to 20D
tend (+ to …) 54A translate (from/into) 136B was/were able to 26D
than 105, 107 travel (uncountable noun) 70B was and were in if sentences 39C
thank (for) 62B, 132B, 135B trouble (have trouble doing something) waste (waste time + -ing) 63D
that weather (uncountable noun) 70B
said that 47B 63C well 101A
in relative clauses 92–94 try were (used with I/he/she/it) 39C,

try + to … or -ing 57A 118D
try out 139C what
try on 140C
what in questions 49
what … for? 64C
What … ! (exclamations) 71A–B
what and that (relative clauses) 92D,

93D
what and which (relative clauses)

96C

379

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Index

when word order
when + present simple / present have something done 46
perfect 25 questions 49
when and if 25D negative questions 49D
when + -ing 68A embedded questions (Do you know
even when 112D what … ?) 50A
when and as 116 reported questions 50B
order of adjectives 99
where (in relative clauses) 94C, 95C verb and object together 109A
whether 50 place and time 109B
which position of adverbs with the verb (also,
always etc.) 110
which in questions 49 word order with phrasal verbs (turn on
which in relative clauses 92–93, 95–96 the light, turn it on etc.) 137D
all/none/some of which 96B
while work
while + present simple / present uncountable noun 70B, 74C
work out 139B
perfect 25A
while + -ing 68A worried (about) 130B
while and during 119C worse 105C
who worst 108A
who in questions 49 worth (it’s worth + -ing) 63B
who in relative clauses 92–96 would 36
who and whose in relative clauses 94A
who and whom in relative clauses 94B would and will 36B
whole 90B–C would you like? I’d like 37D
on the whole 127B would in if sentences 38–40
whom wish … would 41D
in questions 49C would like/love/hate/prefer + to …
in relative clauses 94B, 96A–B
all/none/some of whom 96B 55A, 58B–C
whose (in relative clauses) 94A, 95C would prefer 58B, 59B
why would rather 59C–D
why isn’t/didn’t (etc.) … ? 49D would and other modal verbs
why in relative clauses 94D
will 21–22 Appendix 4
will you? 21, 37A write
will and shall 21D, 22D
will and going to 23 write to 132B
will be doing (future continuous) 24 write down 142D
will have done (future perfect) 24
will in if and when sentences 25, 115C yet
will and would 36B, Appendix 4 yet and still 111C
will in the passive 43A yet + present perfect 7D
Don’t … , will you? 52D
will and other future forms

Appendix 3
will and other modal verbs

Appendix 4
wish 41

I wish I knew etc. 39, 41
I wish I’d known etc. 40C, 41
wish and hope 41A
wish … would 41D
with
noun + with 129E
adjective + with 130B–C, 131B
verb + with 136C
without (+ -ing) 60B
won’t (= will not) 21–22

380

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