B4 COMMON COLD

Common Cold

Table of Contents

01 What is Common Cold?

How to Diagnose?

05 Complications
02 Cause of Common Cold

03 Sign and Symptoms 06 Prevention and Treatment
04 Risk Factors 07 Cold, Flu or Covid-19?

01: What is Common Cold? 01
How to Diagnose? 02
03
What is common How to 04
cold? diagnose? 05
By recognizing 06
A viral infection
of the upper sign and
symptoms of
respiratory tract common cold
(nose, throat (self-diagnose)
and sinus)

Common cold - Diagnosis and treatment - Mayo Clinic. (2019).
Retrieved from:https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/common-cold/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351611

02: Cause of Common Cold 01
02
● Cause by viruses 03
● Most common: Rhinoviruses 04
05
(can live for up to three hours on hard 06
surfaces and hands)
● Others: Adenovirus, Coronavirus and
Parainfluenza virus

Virus can be Inhalation of Sneeze, cough or speech of an
spread by: virus particles infected person

from: Doorknobs, towel, children’s
Touching an toys and telephone

infected
surface:

Healthline. (2019). Common Cold Causes. Healthline; Healthline Media. Retrieved from:
https://www.healthline.com/health/common-cold-causes

03: Sign and Symptoms 01
02
Runny nose Sore throat Coughing Sneezing 03
04
Headache Low-grade fever Body ache Ear ache 05
06

Common cold - Symptoms and causes. (2019). Mayo Clinic; Retrieved from:
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/common-cold/symptoms-causes/syc-20351605

04: Risk Factors 01
02
01 Children under the 03 Smoking 03
age of 6 and people disrupts the 04
Age Smoking immune system 05
with weakened 06
immune system are
more likely to catch

a common cold

02 Both children and 04 Lack of sleep
adults are more can negatively
Time susceptible to colds Lack of
of the in fall, winter and sleep affect your
year immune system
rainy seasons

Healthline. (2019). Common Cold Risk Factors.

But, you still can get cold at https://www.healthline.com/health/common-cold-risk-factors

anytime Mayo Clinic. (2019). Common cold - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic.
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/common-cold/symptoms-causes/syc-20351605

05: Complications 01
02
Asthma attacks Croup 03
04
A cold is one of the most When bacteria or the cold Croup refers to a virus 05
common triggers of asthma virus infiltrates the usually infection of the upper airway, 06
attacks, especially in young air-filled space behind the which obstructs breathing
children eardrum, the result is fluid and causes a characteristic
buildup and congestion barking cough
Cold symptoms may last longer behind the eardrum
in people with asthma Croup is a condition mostly
This typically causes an seen in young children. Other
Asthma symptoms, such as extremely painful earache. It symptoms include fever and
wheezing or chest tightness, is a frequent complication of a hoarse voice
may also worsen during a cold the common cold in children

Acute ear infection

If cold symptoms/complications last longer than 10 days or if they continue to worsen, you may
have a secondary issue. In these cases, you should contact your doctor

Healthline. (2020). Common Cold Complications: Asthma, Strep Throat, and More. https://www.healthline.com/health/common-cold-complications#1

06: Prevention 01
02
Wash Hands Eat Healthy 03
04
05
06

Have Enough Sleep Exercise

Common Cold Preventions & Treatments [Online Image].
https://www.shutterstock.com/image-vector/man-common-cold-preventions-treatments-infection-1533049508?irclickid=3oqTezTLJxyLT8JwUx0Mo3Q
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06: Treatment 01

OTC Medication Cold Home
Remedies
● Decongestants help ease nasal 02
congestion and stuffiness
● Stay hydrated
● Antihistamines prevent sneezing To help loosen congestion and
and ease runny noses 03

● Pain relievers ease the general prevents dehydration
body aches that sometimes ● Rest
accompany a cold such as Body needs rest to heal 04
analgesic and antipyretic.
● Sip warm liquids 05
- For children 6 months or younger, Soothing and ease congestion by
give only acetaminophen. For increasing mucus flow.
children older than 6 months, give Example: chicken soup, tea or 06
either acetaminophen or ibuprofen
warm apple juice
● Honey
Help coughs in adults and children
who are older than age 1

Mayo Clinic. (2020). Cold remedies: What works, what doesn't, what can't hurt.
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/common-cold/in-depth/cold-remedies/art-20046403

Symptoms 07: Cold, Flu or Covid-19? 01
02
Incubation Cold Flu COVID-19 03
Period 04
1-3 Days 1-4 Days 2-14 Days 05
Symptom Onset 06
Cough Gradual Abrupt Gradual
Mild to Moderate Common Common

Shortness of Mild Sometimes Common
Breath

Virus Adenovirus/ Influenza Virus Coronavirus
Coronavirus

Fever Rare Common Common

Fatigue Sometimes Common Common

Runny Nose Common Sometimes Sometimes

Sore Throat Common Sometimes Sometimes

MedicalNewsToday. (2020, May 19). New coronavirus vs. flu. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/coronavirus-vs-flu