The Iban Traditional Beliefs

TThhee IIbbaann


TTrraaddiittiioonnaall BBeelliieeffss

MMMAAALLLAAAYYYSSSIIIAAANNNSSSOOOCCCIIIAAALLL



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Chrestina Lane
Azmiera Binti
Angela Leku

Anak Amit Jamaan Philip
(79088) (78939) (78816)

Awang
Cassandrea Tan Ilyanashahira Maziatul

Muhammad Arif
Soon Geok Binti Hamka Zaharah Bt

(82287)
Bin Rosli (79565) Razali
(78923) (80012)

Learning
Contents Page

Unit Number
Introduction to

LU 2 Sara
wak 1-
3

LU 8 The Iba
n Tribe 4-
6

Iban Traditional
7-1
8
LU 14 Beliefs and
Practices
18

Conclusion 1
9
References

Introduction
to Sarawak

1

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2

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L2a0haonthaenr, Keetjhanmicanm, ainnodriUtikeist. (sJuocahneass. JK,e2n0y1ah5,).Kayan, Kelabit,

3

The Iban

Tribe

4

The Iban community originates from Sarawak and is the
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5

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6

The Iban Traditional

Beliefs
and
Practices

7

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8

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9

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tnhoermasg,emofentwaernetyc-townsoidyeeraerds oglrdo.wAncceonrdoiungghtotothceaIrbryanocuotmrmesupnoitnys’sibwiliteidedsinign
mtahgaaentaobgnrinetgahkemspatarhrriteedocfluiftsehteoamtbtsrhidiwsei.allTgboeewavphoeeinrdeaatlirssoetudhb.elerBeseisfsiodnreotshn,eeifcnetehswesliytfywamfeodirlsya, hapanasyrtipacaubrltaigyr
nchuimldbreenr iosflecshsil,dtrheeny, wthilelybewailslkbeed ltaotegettomgaertriemdaqruriiecdk,lyainndthife thhoepentuhmabtetrheoifr
in-law can help the family members.

Ngayap is the first step in the marriage process. The ngayap is a practice in
wfboehlrliojcawhrueamd-mjbaayrnumtah,nedwhmaicewhriosimsikaun(sNemadneyetaot aaInncddquue)irxeaplrsaeocscseknpthotaewnirncfeeaesbleinbfgoesrrebfuomnrgaearra-ibacughneog. taThheoirsr,
dceorneemnognayyawpillabtethheeldwothmroeung, hretshurleteocfotnhdeitmioanrsr,iawgheicfhroims wbhoethn tohfethmeenbrhidaev’es
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10

Next, during Ngambi Indu ceremony, the groom will be led to the bride's home in
ttrhaeditbiroidneal'sclohtohuinsge.aAndt ptlhaaytgotinmges, ttohweacrdonodfiftieovnisl spoifrittsheonmthaerriaapgperowacillh btoe
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Betusut is a determination of date and it was made by the tuai rumah to find
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ocerraeimanosnayh. Bwehfiocrhemtheeaynsstaasrtteimdutlhaentdwisactuesr.sion they are obliged to drink air tuak

11

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pcolaucpeleafttheerythsetibllrcidaen’s’t. sleep together. This ceremony also will be held in the groom’s
In Iban practice also prohibited from doing
NIboawns dwuheo tcoontvheertreedstoomoethoefr ctpheaerretiranitnfsamwacoiltyui.vlditSbieiensccoetmhbeaotitnh-mlaiwsgihsdteasshuaomrfeilsitauhtleet
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now. For ibans who convert to alarwesn.oTthpeefrimrsitttaenddtsoecmoanrdryw. Iifvethse' ychcilhdoresen
ttvooitamdleatarortyhkiinlwl ittthhheemsphaassrotp, ttbhhaaemtybtwohioellirbsebpliokseotasdb. bcItea'nsd
cplaeyanasfeinteheadnidrt.pNreopwa,rTehteoy asraecrriefqicueireadptiog
whahvicinhgblpoaoidd wtihllebepuunsiesdhmtoepnut,riftyh.eDyeswpeitree
Gcchhourdirscitnhiaamncitcayorrritdahageneycbewytilvol opCwehrrtfioosmttihaena sntaitlluurenaobflethtoe mevaerrnyt.dAuestinogtlheeIbhaunmmiliaantinogr
doctrine. tfwiirmosmet.aonAbtnaiysincilniomguiptaelefdowrtmohoaol rdneeivmomarcrareirerfisarogwmeitthahtoeuiatr

previous marriage may face penalties, and
their second marriage may be barred until
t(Shaendfiirns,t19is18f)ormally ended by divorce

12

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brlaorsootumtgihtmotemt.oAattkhetehietheosauassmieeerotfriomlorenh,gitshhfoeauymsweiloy. ,Turhldeelacntrytivh(eeSsab,bforadikeynbwdesirll,bbeuemahpla)liowdyheinileetshetexop"mrreuesaesi"tinohguimttshifedoierrsttahhdee
hafenisedfliahnmigssiliymincmforeuodlndiatktoeefefphaiasmllcilhyoirswpbsilelelk.oeHneegpinwagillsll tathloseotabckeaelorarnywghianiysgwsbiehtlheon(etgvhieenrggsuraswvehedi)l.wehliivleinagliivnethaendwoonrlldy

14

Bceemfoeretedrya.wAn, mwhainchwwalakssaibnoufrto5nt.30ofamth,ethceofcfoinfficnawrraysingtakaenlamtopthteo
fsilelluaemutgindhaetteeerpe.dtAhfeilristttwleaanyrdi.ceitUspwobalnsoosadprrirsiivnsakmlleedaatarertodhueonndcttehhmeeeggtrroeaurvyned.atTohcebheiccodkfuefgninsiiissx
ildnoewacneeoraetsdheedinr,twboeotlrihledev. egdratvoebaelofonrgtwheituhsteheofptehresodneacleparsoepde(rmtye(nboaaiysae)boafytahne)

TmIbhaaennsacnbogerpl(isseheva'esmthhaanet)a,tdhhieswsahhseaamtdhawrnoo'wsunlsdodpuool woinrntsstptoriretitahmree.sritvIfseritn'hsteuhpedpehecigrehraeesasectdhpeowss.aitTsihoena
owfatshecosnascerecdraGteudnonags Rmabanoanngg, wbhaelrie(tshheamfirasnt IjbaadniaMn)e.nHjaeyaisMaSneannggaRlaanjga
Burong's younger brother, the God of War.
AfloftweerrrewtuatrneirnbgaftrhomsothtehaGtranvoes, tighnesnothre'sypmiruitsst' wfoallsohwt.hAenirdfefoert,thhaenldasstantod
rtehteudrnecfreoamsetdheisgarlarevaedmyuinst'Hpelaanvten3'.bamboo trees to indicate the 'spirit' or

15

The day before the "ngetas ulit" ceremony, after three months of mourning,
tctFhhoheeolliosrdweiennicnteetgoanst"ticehoudant'tst,tohftaeehmnegdiillyldtshem"ecaeenmmadosbaueesrdrnks'isenidgnffhpaoimemrmriilotyeoddcmbtuyehthemsobooldemthirnesegroaalfop"tnnphggreoheiraotchuahasseierudwloitci"ttchhcueehpriaespnmektrnossinfooeynf..
FOonlelowdiunkgut,hoenceercehmaopnayk,,maenadlsoanree skeerbvoekd.is the wage for opening the gut.

mNeoxntt,hBourntgwaoBareftaekrintgheCreitreemoofnpya.sTshaigselaasntd risituleadl tbaykeasmpalnaacnega(rbooumndoha)
bTtfwahhehmeicosoilprympirt.ooeuIscfasseliaecsissksfsianaeomntsfedilnyptddhoieemew.deedtmroebacdeneirvdaissdceteaidlntl'shrieensctrpeeailarrlasiltmc'sttshdesoiefrdepliecafeptralayatrnitwodenidtdh,eftratohthmihseaishnnuiddspivtesoidrunhuravaatislvutwirenaignlll.

It is thought that if the deceased's spirit
ciwsailnul osaetlsdodiivgsiurduaeprdat,inotthnee.eTgthhheoastdtefacwmeilalilsyreemmd'easminsbpaeinrridst
tshqeuadnedceerafsoeodd'sbmeceaaul,sceauthsiisngfoloosdsw. ill be
Tdheeceacseerde'msocnoyppecor nvcalsuedeiss opwehneend athned
tcthhoeinstfiislnounweoettrodsottneoemrm, tieshnectudttehcbeeyfaatshmeeidlmy'saasnnodauntlghw.eiIylfl
wmiilslfobrteuneasf.flicted with unwelcome
faItanmidsitlcyhamouuesgemhbtdetishrsrautspqitfuiotanhn.edTedhreefcoeodades.ceeda'ssesdp'isritgihsonsottwdiivllidaelsdo, thgeuagrhaonstetewitllhraetmtahine

16

Tthhee cIbualtnivcaotmiomn uonfitpyaidsdvye, reysfpaemcioaullsy fhoilrl
apgadridcuylturaanldactHivuimtieas apraeddtyh.e Smuacihn
oascoftuoirvucirteaynohcfaestshtbeoeirresdn. aFdiulyortnhfeoeorsmdinocsreuep,tpthhlyee. tITbimhaines
ecostmumaruiensitaynduvsileladgesto. live in river

There were various types of
agricultural activities carried out by the
Iban community at that time, but the
activity of paddy cultivation is an
agricultural activity that must be done
2by01th4e). IEbvaenrycoymeamr,utnhietyI.b(aNnocrioamTmuguannitgy,
iSneptSeamrabwerakor Owciltlobeprla.nWthilpeatdhdey ricien
harvest is from April to May of the
following year. After harvesting the
rice, the Iban community will prepare to
celebrate Gawai Day. Gawai Day is a
asbigunndoafngtrsautisttuedneantoceG. od for providing
The
custom of harvesting has several steps, the
ftihrestfsetlelepdistnimebbaeurKwayillu (bloeggbiunrgn)e. Ud,pohnowcoemveprl,ettiohins,
pmlaenthteoddwisitohnclyroupssesdufcohr ahsillppaaddddyy,.cTohren,laannddowtihllebres
Nfoorvemcobmermoannd nDeeecdesmb(emr.illNinegxt,paadftdeyr) finairsohuinndg
milling around March and April. The Iban people will
start harvesting the rice that has turned yellow.

17

Furthermore, the rice is harvested and will be dried to facilitate later when the
rttihhceeepmisaedttdohyobidesosdferyp",kaiatrakwtiienlldgbiefnrdodimek"c.toKhmaekprioicnsegeidsntdfarikolkmiss.taThhmeispeatwhdioldldybesintdawolkhnsiecmhfoarrinc2ueadilslayy,trwsa.hmWicphhleeisdn
omrapnrneesrs.eTdheusriicneg wthilel bfeeedtr.ieTdhisagmaeinthaondd wafiltleurstuhaellydrbyeindgopnreocinesasgiostocnogm-proleytoendg,
tfbrheaegprmuicteeinnwttsoilloabferricisceeelmescatatcelhkdisnbetyhtaiostobalearetuinssgetidltlhlaeesfrtri.cicFeeinraeanslldyid,tuthheei.sPppaaaddddddyyywwwaililsllttubereinscwtohhlleeitcedtuwesdhtetoonr
finished.

To conclude in Iban civilisation, ritual is used as a meeting place
fceohxriaslttlehenengcIebesaontfhceaoxtmtrmamoaurndnkiitninyad,ryafssakcwiellessl.lfIoatrsarealssowoalavyiimntgeodthatecokmnfoaanwcyilleictdargitseeestthhoeer
oexfcphearnsgpeecotfivideesasan, dtheexbpreariniesntcoerms,inagndoftnheewdoisnceosv,etrhyeosfhalifrien'gs
pmIbeayonspstleehriwaevshe.o OchoaffnvevereiinnrtgheedrriittteeosdCaahnrrceisietsinattnilbilteyplieberuffsto.rcFmooenlldotiwntuionedgattoyhapbtr,yascoItbmisaeen
edthivseeansottfehfreeyrcinacgnonbrvieteerrtesmtionecadenieoditthbeisyr fpsaeoitrfhoctorhmmeipnyegsltlaiinllgrvi.tauAlausleotafhnfeeyrbicnerglii.seiTfsshuoosfr
their ancestors.

18

References

Davenport, W. H. (2000). Hornbill carvings of the Iban of Sarawak,
Malaysia. RES: Anthropology and Aesthetics, 37(1), 127-146.
doi/pdf/10.1086/ RESv37n1ms20167497

Dickson M.G. (1986). Sarawak and its People. Kuching, Sarawak: Borneo
Literature Bureau.

Juliza Kennedy. (2007). Khazanah Warisan Masyarakat Etnik Iban Di
Sarawak: Satu Kajian Dokumentasi Harta Intelek. Sarawak. Universiti
Malaysia Sarawak.

Joanes. J. (2015). Sistem Bahasa dan Tulisan Masyarakat Iban. Journal of
Language, Literature and Culture.

Noria Tugang. (2014). Pua: Identiti dan Budaya Masyarakat Iban.
Sarawak: Penerbit Universiti Malaysia Sarawak.

Sandin, B & Sather. C (1918). Iban Adat and Augury. Penang: Penerbit
Universiti Sains Malaysia for School of Comparative Social Sciences.

Sandin, B. (1962). Tiga Belas Bengkah Mimpi Tuai Dayak Iban. Kuching:
Borneo Literature Bureau.

Sandin, Benedict. (1967). The Sea Dayaks of Borneo Before White Rajah
Rule. London: MacMillan.

Zawawi Ibrahim (2008). Representation,Identity and Multiculturalism In
Sarawak. Malaysia : Persatuan Sains Sosial Malaysia adn Dayak Cultural
Foundation.

19



By: Group 6

SSF1033
MALAYSIAN
SOCIAL HISTORY