electrical safety

ELECTRICAL
SAFETY

TITLE: Science Folio PBD chp 6
NAME :Au Ji Huen
CLASS: 3B1
YEAR: 2021

TEACHER: Puan.CHAN YOKE BEE

CONTENT

Causes of short circuits
Causes of electrical accidents
Safety measures when using electrical appliances
Steps to be taken when an electric shock occurs

CAUSES OF SHORT CIRCUITS

1.Faulty Circuit Wire Insulation

If the insulation is damaged or old, it may allow the hot wires to
touch with neutral. This will cause a short circuit.

Age of the wire, nails or screws can damage the insulation and
allow short circuit. There is a risk of pests of gnawing the insulation
and exposing the wire conductors too.

CAUSES OF SHORT CIRCUITS

2.Loose Wire Connections

If there are any loose wire connections or attachments, it will allow
the live and neutral wires to touch. If you see faulty wire
connections, do not try to fix it on your own and call a professional
immediately.

CAUSES OF SHORT CIRCUITS

3. Faulty Appliance Wiring

If you plug an appliance into a wall socket, its wiring essentially becomes an
extension of the circuit. Therefore, if there are any problems in the
appliance wiring, it will become circuit problems.
Short circuits can occur in the power cords, plugs or inside the appliance.
Make sure you get short circuit protection for all the appliances.

CAUSES OF ELECTRICAL ACCIDENTS

1.Water

Whether you are making a cup of tea and accidentally spilling some or
cleaning an area near electrical wiring, the possibility of an electrical
shock is a daily concern.

Water is a conductor of electricity and can, therefore, be extremely
dangerous when put into contact with an electrical current.

CAUSES OF ELECTRICAL ACCIDENTS

2.Faulty Wiring

Faulty wiring can occur for many reasons, including poor quality electricals, badly
installed wiring or an overused cable that has split, causing the wires to become
visible.

Faulty wiring can lead to electric shocks, burns or severe injuries, so it is
essential that you are confident that your wiring is secure and safe.

CAUSES OF ELECTRICAL ACCIDENTS

3.Naked Cords & Damaged Plugs

Damaged cords can occur when an electrical appliance is overused, and
the cord splits, exposing the wires inside.

This can be extremely dangerous as the rubber cover over the wire is
designed to protect the electrical current from water and other potential
risks, which means that a naked cord is at risk of sparking, causing injury
or even a fire.

HERE SOME PHOTO OF ELECTRICAL
ACCIDENTS

SAFETY MEASURES WHEN USING

ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES

1. Avoid water at all times when working with
electricity.

Never touch or try repairing any electrical equipment or circuits with wet
hands. It increases the conductivity of the electric current.

SAFETY MEASURES WHEN USING

ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES

2. Never try repairing energized equipment.

Always check that it is de-energized first by using a tester. When an
electric tester touches a live or hot wire, the bulb inside the tester lights
up showing that an electrical current is flowing through the respective
wire.

SAFETY MEASURES WHEN USING

ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES

3.Always check all your GFCI’s once a month.

A GFCI (Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter) is a RCD (Residual Current
Device). They have become very common in modern homes, especially
damp areas like the bathroom and kitchen, as they help avoid electrical
shock hazards.

STEP TO BE TAKEN WHEN AN

ELECTRIC SHOCK OCCUR

1. Separate the Person From Current's Source

To turn off power:
Unplug an appliance if plug is undamaged or shut off power via circuit breaker, fuse
box, or outside switch.

If you can't turn off power:
Stand on something dry and non-conductive, such as dry newspapers, telephone
book, or wooden board.
Try to separate the person from current using non-conductive object such as
wooden or plastic broom handle, chair, or rubber doormat.

STEP TO BE TAKEN WHEN ELECTRIC

SHOCK OCCUR

2. Do CPR, if Necessary

When you can safely touch the person, do CPR if the person is not breathing
or does not have a pulse.

STEP TO BE TAKEN WHEN ELECTRIC

SHOCK OCCUR

3. Check for Other Injuries

If the person is bleeding, apply pressure and elevate the wound if
it's in an arm or leg.
There may be a fracture if the shock caused the person to fall.

STEP TO BE TAKEN WHEN ELECTRIC

4. Follow Up SHOCK OCCUR

A doctor will check the person for burns, fractures, dislocations,
and other injuries.
An ECG, blood tests, urine test, CT scan, or MRI may be necessary.
The person may be admitted to the hospital or a burn center.