2000

wooden blocks to print Soccer is first played in America, using a
playing cards, one of the sh eep ’s bladder as a ball. As the millennium
first uses of printing in closes, millions of American youth play in
Europe. Playing cards organized soccer leagues. In 1999, the U.S.
come to Europe from
the Middle East during
the Crusades.

The Stock Market

© 2000 PhotoDisc. Inc. pGo°plufil,aSra
sport in Scotland. In
Archery competition is a common pastim e in 1552, Saint Andrews
Si-the Middle Ages. Archery skill is so important is a favorite place
for golfing. Mary,
that English kings ban football because it Queen of Scots is
takes men away from archery practice. reportedly the first
woman golfer and
helps spread golf’s
popularity in Europe.

Europeans German bowlers N orw ay introduces Ice hockey Jam es Naism ilh ^ LEGO company ( j ^ Football Ians ^
invent checkers use wooden pins, alpine skiing o rig in a te s invents basketball,
and darts. stone ball. as sport. in Canada. opens in Denm ark. enjoy first

French enjoy Super Bowl.
early lorm
lit™ *- Native Am ericans Scottish blacksm ith Coney Island Yo-yo is Barbie is born. Game consoles
play lacrosse. invents pedal bicycle, installs firs t 1 introduced 1 1 incorporate
^ ) ro ller coaster.
in U.S. PC technology.

Corbis-Bettmann/UPI

Baseball is first
played as an
organized sport at Hoboken,
NJ., when the New York Club
defeats the Knickerbocker
Baseball Club on June 19.
More than 100 years later,
Jackie Robinson breaks the
color barrier in major league
baseball in 1947.

Reuters/Kimimasas Mayama/Archive Photos Game shows becom e widely popular TV fare in
the 1950s. One of the top 10 shows of 1959, NBC’s
"The Price Is Right." still draws large audiences
in 1999 on CBS, where it is the longest-running
game show in television history.

Parker Brothers introduces Monopoly, which Michael
becom es one of the world's most successful Jordan,
board games. By the late 1990s, the popular considered by
game is available on interactive CD. many to be
basketball’s
Athens, Greece, hosts the first modern greatest player,
Olympics. Winter Games are not held until retires from
1924. At the 1998 Winter Olympics, American the NBA His
figure skaters Tara Lipinski and Michelle Kwan talents lead the
win the gold and silver medals respectively, Chicago Bulls
and China’s Lu Chen wins the bronze. to she NBA
championships
in the 1990s.

R eu te rs /C o rb is -B ettm a nn

Sign language is a means William Shakespeare’s “Romeo and Juliet”
of communication for some is first performed. London’s Globe Theater
early cultures. It bridges opens in 1599, where many of his plays are
language differences staged. By 1600, the great playwright pens
between societies and at least 20 plays.
eventually evolves into
a formal alphabet for
communication by the
hearing impaired.

© 2000 PhotoDisc. Inc. © 2000 PhotoDisc, Inc.

Literacy is reserved for the clergy and a few Johann
IB - students. Monks and scribes laboriously Gutenberg
invents a way to mass-
copy books by hand using goose-quill pens. produce the written
Books are such rare treasures that in som e word. He devises the
libraries they are chained to the shelf. first Western movable-
type system and a new
kind of printing press.
Gutenberg’s inventions
speed the spread of
knowledge and literacy.

Most Europeans C h in es e Europe expaods use P rin te d i Leonardo da Vinci Clockm aker

^ are illiterate. ^ ~ invent lirs l ^ w nl Arabic num erals. w music appears. * paints MmLisi. w designs lirs l ol Independence
creates U.S.
movable type. minute band.

W Mozart composes
symphony al
Japanese woman Some societies Chaucer pens Lead pencils make British Navy f t age eight. Braille develops
w rites the lirs l novel. use smoke w riting easier. originates signal reading system
signals. CanterburyTales. llag messages. lo r the blind.

The first Instant long-distance communication is possible.
regularly Samuel Morse invents the telegraph and a
printed newspaper is dot-dash code to carry m essages over a wire.
a four-page weekly In 1851, Hiram Sibley founds Western Union
publication, the Relation, Telegraph Company.
printed in Germany. It is
1702 before the first daily
newspaper appears, The
Daily Courantof London.

CKiW”5

Granger Collection Frenchman Nicephore Niepce creates the Christopher
first permanent photograph. His partner, Sholes invents the
Louis Daguerre, carries N iepce’s work typewriter. To keep rapid
further by inventing a process of capturing typists from jamming the
images on metal plates. keys, Sholes designs the
keyboard so that
One if by land, two if by sea. Lanterns signal frequently combined
the advance of British troops, and Paul are located far apart.
Revere rides to warn American colonists This layout lasts into the
of the attack. His famous ride also signals computer age.
the beginning of the American Revolution.

Alexander Guglielmo Marconi invents the radio,
Graham Beil providing a way for sound to travel long
patents the telephone. distances without the use of wires. During
By the end of the the 1920s and 1930s, radio is the primary
millennium, missing source of news and family entertainm ent
a phone call is almost for most Americans.
impossible as answering
machines take instant
mossages. Cellphones,
beepers and voice
mail expand

options.

Austria introduces the first postcards. For lnventor
only pennies, postcards keep people in touch Thomas Edison
before telephones are common. Calling cards, patents a practical electric
commercial valentines and other printed light bulb. Electric lights
personal greetings are popular customs. have a profound effect
on society, increasing
opportunities for reading,
writing, socializing
and working.

«[k Pony Express View ers m arvel • M ic k ey M ouse ifB l SBi ell Labs invents i Vietnam W ar Berlin W all (alls.
w~ craanrnriieose mm aaiill.
^ w at early m aanpnpfelQanrso onnn Hfilimm . " first transistor. w ” 1 Have a Dream" ^ w sparks protests.

silent m ovies. speech.

Ellison invents D.S. women D rive in theaters Russia TV carries M TV goes on air. HDTV becomes
phonograph. President Kennedy's available.
w in right to vote. attract crowds. launches Sputnik.
?
C ) (g ) (2 ^ ([

mi. Moviemaking Granger Collection C/B Production/Stock Market <<&► Personal
experiences a computers

“golden age" in the late becom e available to
1930s and early 1940s. in 1939, the mass market, thus
GoneWiththe Windand paving the way for
TheWizardofOz premiere. desktop publishing.
CitizenKanefollows in 1941, By 1990, laptop notebook
mi Casablancam1942. Studio computers allow people
giants are MGM, Paramount, to compute from
RKOand Warner Brothers. almost anywhere.

Corbis

Elvis Presley’s unique blend of ^ © 2000 PhotoDisc, Inc.

blues, country, rock and gospel draws adoring

fans and makes him "the King" of rock and roll.

In 1956, his debut album becom es the first in

history to sell a million copies.

Television is invented in 1926, and regular Millions of people worldwide cruise the
network TV broadcasts begin after World War Information Highway via the Internet, and
II. One of TV’s m ost popular shows is CBS’s instantaneous e-mail communication
“1 Love Lucy," premiering in 1951. Television becom es common. As the millennium
transforms alm ost every aspect of life in the ends, computer, TV, video and telephone
technologies begin to converge.
twentieth century.

»■-

- l* crusaders Queen Elizabeth is the fashion trendsetter.
return from popularizing the wide skirt, jew eled wig, high
bald forehead, and decorative ruff around the
the Middle East with neck. She is rumored to have 3,000 dresses.
new ideas, including
that of the glass mirror.
In 1278, the glass mirror
is produced in Venice,
Italy, and Europeans
see themselves clearly
for the first time.

Medieval knights wear a short wool tunic Medieval men's shoes have long, Photofest
and a coat of chain mail. Gauntlets (heavy pointed toes. Individuals of higher
leather gloves) and sword complete the social status are allowed to have longer
attire, which is so costly only wealthy men points on their shoes, som e as long as 18 inches.
can afford to be knights. Moss stuffed into the toe maintains its shape.

Europeans w ear S p e c ta c le s Toothbrush is invented. High heels a re " F la p p e rs " W.W. It prom pts Afro hairdo
sim ple tunics originate in Italy. popular lor men w e a r bobbed hair, shoe rationing. is popular.
and leggings. and women. short dresses.
"R etro "
lashions mimic I
earlier decades.
Buttons appear Men and women C o s m e tic s Corsets and Nylon stockings H air gets long,
as decoration, w ear earrings. and perfume bustles are lirs t appear. skirts get short.
not fasteners. come into fashion. essential attire.

Culver Pictures

Men and women Henry Dillz/Corbis With flowers in
wear elaborate their hair and
powdered wigs made of everywhere, hippies
human hair, horsehair and express their philosophy
goat hair. Because the of world peace and love.
large wigs are heavy and Hippies favor bell-bottom
hot, some people shave jeans, granny dresses,
their heads and wear a bare feet, long hair,
cloth cap under the wig to beads, headbands and
absorb perspiration. bright colors.

Levi Strauss & Company Archives Kunio Owaki/Stock Market

Young Levi Strauss com es to America in
the 1850s and makes riveted canvas work
pants for California gold miners. When he
switches from canvas to blue denim, Strauss
unknowingly creates one of America’s
greatest contributions to fashion.

A The Industrial Revolution brings mass-produced Indoor malls are popular with teens not only
-iH X textiles, standard clothing sizes and the first for shopping, but also for socializing. The
first enclosed mall is built in 1956. In 1992,
ready-to-wear garments. In 1851, Isaac Singer the Mall of America, the largest mall in the
invents the home-use sewing machine. U.S., opens in Minnesota.

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