Grade 5 Illustrated Science Dictionary

EXAMPLES OF ACIDIC , ALKALINE AND NEUTRAL

SUBSTANCES

THE MOVEMENT OF THE EARTH



Changes in the length and the direction of


shadow

PHASES OF THE MOON




In our entire solar system, the only object that shines with
its own light is the Sun. That light always beams onto

Earth and Moon from the direction of the Sun, illuminating
half of our planet in its orbit and reflecting off the surface
of the Moon to create moonlight.

Every month Earth's moon goes through its phases,
waning and waxing in its constant transformation from

new moon to full moon and back again.




































This lunar cycle happens in part because the moon does
not produce its own light; the silvery glow we see comes
from sunlight reflecting off the moon's monochrome
surface.

•

New Moon


This is the invisible phase of the Moon, with the illuminated side of the

Moon facing the Sun and the night side facing Earth. In this phase,

the Moon is in the same part of the sky as the Sun and rises and sets

with the Sun. Not only is the illuminated side facing away from the

Earth, it’s also up during the day! Remember, in this phase, the Moon

doesn’t usually pass directly between Earth and the Sun, due to the
inclination of the Moon’s orbit. It only passes near the Sun from our

perspective on Earth.





















Waxing Crescent



This silver sliver of a Moon occurs when the illuminated half of the
Moon faces mostly away from Earth, with only a tiny portion visible to

us from our planet. It grows daily as the Moon’s orbit carries the

Moon’s dayside farther into view. Every day, the Moon rises a little bit

later.

First Quarter


The Moon is now a quarter of the way through its monthly journey and

you see half of its illuminated side. People may casually call this a half

moon, but remember, that’s not really what you’re witnessing in the

sky. You’re seeing just a slice of the entire Moon ― half of the

illuminated half. A first quarter moon rises around noon and sets

around midnight. It’s high in the sky in the evening and makes for
excellent viewing.



















Waxing Gibbous


Now most of the Moon’s dayside has come into view, and the Moon

appears brighter in the sky.

Full Moon



This is as close as we come to seeing the Sun’s illumination of the

entire day side of the Moon (so, technically, this would be the real half
moon). The Moon is opposite the Sun, as viewed from Earth,

revealing the Moon’s dayside. A full moon rises around sunset and

sets around sunrise. The Moon will appear full for a couple of days

before it moves into…























Waning Gibbous



As the Moon begins its journey back toward the Sun, the opposite

side of the Moon now reflects the Moon’s light. The lighted side
appears to shrink, but the Moon’s orbit is simply carrying it out of view

from our perspective. The Moon rises later and later each night.

Last Quarter



The Moon looks like it’s half illuminated from the perspective of Earth,
but really you’re seeing half of the half of the Moon that’s illuminated

by the Sun ― or a quarter. A last quarter moon, also known as a third

quarter moon, rises around midnight and sets around noon.
























Waning Crescent



The Moon is nearly back to the point in its orbit where its dayside
directly faces the Sun, and all that we see from our perspective is a

thin curve.

1. Many objects around us are made up of basic shapes.

2. Many other objects are made up of some of these basic shapes.


















3. Things that are stable do not topple or fall down easily.

4. The stability of an object means how stable the object is.

5. If you push the cupboards to the right, cupboard A will topple or

fall faster.





















6. One of the factors that makes cupboard B more stable is its shape.
The shape of cupboard B gives it a bigger base area.


7. Apart from the base area, the height of an object also affects its
stability.

8. For example, if you push both cupboards as shown below to the

right, cupboard B will fall or topple first because it's taller.

9. The stability of an object is affected by its base area and height.

10. The factors affecting the strength of structure are the types of

materials used and the way a structure is placed.



EXAMPLES