12 tense

12 Tense

What is Tense?

Tenses demonstrate the time of an action in a

sentence usually performed by or centered around

vtheerbss:u.bVjeecrtbsofchthaengseenatcecnocred.inTghetoatcetniosness are called
and other

issues. As verbs are the most important elements of

English sentences, tenses also carry paramount

importance in English grammar.

Functions

Past Present Future

1.Simple : เรยี บงา่ ย

2.Continuous : ต่อเนอื่ ง (กาลังทา)

3. Perfect : สมบรู ณ์ :

4. Perfect Continuous : สมบรู ณ์

และต่อเนอ่ื ง

Type of Tense

Present Simple
Present Continuous
Present Perfect
Present Perfect Continuous
Past Simple
Past Continuous
Past Perfect
Past Perfect Continuous
Future Simple
Future Perfect
Future Continuous
Future Perfect Continuous

Present Simple

Past Present Future

When you use present simple, you
are using a routine. It’s something
that you always do every day,
month or year. Or it’s something
that you never do.

Structure : S. + Verb 1 + .....

EXAMPLES

I eat pizza regularly.
A dog has four leg.
Bangkok is the capital city of
Thailand.

Present Continuous

Past Present Future

When you use present
continuous, you are referring to
what is happening right now. Also,
it can be an action that is not yet
complete.

Structure : S. + is/am/are + V.ing

EXAMPLES

I’m eating pizza right now.

I’m going to London next week.
A dog is walking.

Present Perfect

Past Present Future
Although it’s easy to confuse this verb
tense with present simple, the main
difference is that the action is
complete for present perfect. In other
words, you are looking at the result
right now without any words referring
to time.

Structure : S. + has/have + V.3

EXAMPLES

I have already eaten pizza.
She has finished her homework.
He has lived here since 2000.

Present Perfect Continuous

Past Present Future

In this verb tense, an action starts
in the past but it’s still continuing
now. You have been performing
the action and still are performing
the action in the present.

Structure : S.+has/have+been+V.ing

EXAMPLES

I have working here since 1999.
Rose has been running for 4hours.
She has been walking for 30
minutes.

Past Simple

Past Present Future

For past simple, it includes
a finished action and time.

Structure : S. + Verb2

EXAMPLES

She traveled to France yesterday.
I ate pizza yesterday.
My dad washed his car last Sunday.

Past Continuous

Past Present Future
When you use past continuous, you
are often using two actions. However,
one action is not finished in the past,
and another is complete interrupting
the other action.

Structure : S. + was/were + V.ing

EXAMPLES

I was eating donut when you
arrived.
She was taking a bath when I
called her.

Past Perfect

Past Present Future

This verb tense uses two actions
at two different times. Before the
second action occurs, the first
action is complete.

Structure : S. + had + V.3

EXAMPLES

John called me after I had left.
I had already eaten noodle when you
arrived.
I had never been to London before
last January.

Past Perfect Continuous

Past Present Future

For colloquial English, we don’t use past
perfect continuous very often. But in text
books, it’s a bit more common. This very
tense has a complete action that happened
before a second action. But in this case,
you can describe how long.

Structure : S. + had + been + V.ing

EXAMPLES
He failed the test because he had not been
paying attention in class.
I had been waiting for the train for three
hours before it arrived.

Future Simple

Past Present Future

This verb tense is about planning things
to do in the future. For example, what will
you do tomorrow or next week?
Instead of using “will”, you can use
“going to” for future tense. But this
lesson uses “will” for the future tense.

Structure : S. + will + V.1

EXAMPLES

I will travel to France tomorrow.
I will go to school tomorrow.
She will buy a bike next month.
You will eat papaya salad tonight.

Future Continuous

Past Present Future

The action is not complete, when
another action happens in the
future. This is similar to past
continuous, but it refers to the
future.

Structure : S. + will + be + V.ing

EXAMPLES

I will be reading books at 8 o’clock
tomorrow.
I will be watching T.V. when you arrive.
I will be eating snack at 8 PM.

Future Perfect

Past Present Future

An action will be completed in the
future before another is
completed.

Structure : S. + will + have + V.3

EXAMPLES

I will have eaten breakfast at 8 o’clock
tomorrow.
She will have gone when you arrive.
I will have cleaned the floor when my
mom gets home.

Future Perfect Continuous

Past Present Future

An action will be continuing in the
future when it is interrupted by
another action. In this future verb
tense, it often includes an indication
of how long the action has been
happening.

Structure : S.+will+have+been+V.ing

EXAMPLES

I will have been traveling for one hour
when you arrive.
At 10 o’clock tomorrow, we will have
been working on farm for two hours.

Present - Exercises

• Complete the sentences for situations in the present.
Decide which tense you need to use.

1.Smith (work) as a sales representative

for three years.

2.In her job, she (drive) around a

lot to meet her customers all over the country.

3.Today she (travel) 500 km to

meet a customer.

4.She (be/surely) tired now.

5.At the moment, Ms.Smith (stand) in

her hotel room.

6.She (arrive/just) .

7.But she (can/not) take a little

nap now because she (must) call her

customer.

8.They (wait/probably)

for her phone call.

Past Tenses - Exercises

• Complete the sentences for situations in the past. Decide

which tense you need to use.

1.A plumber (come) to our house

yesterday.

2.He (want) to repair our washing

machine that (break) a few days before.

3.Before he (ring) at my door,

he (look) for a parking space for about

ten minutes.

4.While the plumber (repair) the washing

machine, I (watch) the news.

5.Suddenly, I (realise) that they

(show) our street on TV.

6.I (open) the door and (see) a

police officer standing there.

7.He (ask) for the plumber.

8.In his haste, the plumber (forget) to

put the handbrake on.

Future Tenses - Exercises

• Complete the sentences for situations in the future. Decide

which tense you need to use.

1.Aaron is carrying two tyres –he (change)

the tyres on a car.

2.Next week (be) the beginning of winter

and the weather forecast says that there (be)

snow tomorrow.

3.That’s why many of the garage’s customers have

made an appointment and (call in) today

to get their winter tyres.

4.By the end of the day, Aaron (mount)

about 80 tyres.

5.He (be/probably) tired after that.

6.It’s a lot of work for one day, but his customers

promise that next year they (have) their

tyres changed earlier.

7.That’s what they always say, but they

(forget/surely) about it by next year.

8.Some customers have agreed that they

(pick up) their cars tomorrow.

Check answer

Present - Exercises

1.has been working 5.is standing

2.drives 6.has just arrived

3.has travelled 7.can’t, must

4.will surely be 8.will probably be waiting

Past Tenses - Exercises

1.came 5.realized, were showing

2.wanted, had broken 6.pened, saw

3.rang, had been looking 7.asked

4.was repairing, was watching 8.had forgotten

Future Tenses - Exercises

1.is going to change 5.will probably be
2.is, will be 6.will have
3. are calling in 7.will surely have forgotten
4.will have mounted 8. are picking up

Reference

https://allesl.com/verb-tenses-conjugation-english/
https://pix7.me/สรปุ -tense-ภาษาองั กฤษทงั้ -12-tenses

https://ภาษาองั กฤษออนไลน์.com/สรปุ หลกั การใช-้ 12-tense-ฉบบั ยอ่ /

https://english.lingolia.com/en/grammar/tense-comparison/

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