Get To Know Vibrio Cholera The Diarrhea Causing-Bacteria

BSM 3101 - 2

GET TO KNOW

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-Group 7-

GROUP MEMBER

NABILAH SHAHIRAH BINTI
MOHD HANIZ (210567)
CHRISTINE FUNG KAH WAI
(210879)
DORIS TAN CHIA XIN (211449)
NUR SURAYA BINTI NASIR
(210032)
NURDINA NABILAH BINTI
RODZELAN (210526)

LECTURER

ASSOC. PROF. DR. NORMI MOHD
YAHAYA

BSM 3101 - 2

1 THINGS NEED TO KNOW TABLE OF
ABOUT VIBRIO CHOLERAE

2 VIBRIO CHOLERAE
INFECTION

3 THE NATURE AND ACTION
OF CHOLERA TOXIN

4 CHOLERA:

- SOURCES

- SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS

- PREVENTION MEASURES

5 VIBRIO CHOLERAE
CASES AROUND THE

WORLD

Things to know about

Vibrio. cholerae

Vibrio. cholerae Habitat and
Natural host
is comma-shaped
is a Gram-negative bacteria lives in aquatic
has a single polar flagellum environment such as
is highly motile river and lake.
natural host is human.

Characteristics Serogroups that
cause Cholera
Releases cholera toxin
Affect the small intestine Among more than 200
Undergoes a period of 24 hours of serogroups, only O1
hyper-infectious activity. and O139 serogroups
more likely to be transmitted from are responsible for
human to human Cholera

Cholera

Cholera is a diarrheal sickness caused by the toxigenic bacterium Vibrio.cholerae serogroup
O1 or O139 infecting the intestine. The infection is usually mild or asymptomatic, but it can
be serious. Cholera causes severe symptoms such as watery diarrhea, vomiting, and leg
cramps in about one out of every ten people who contract it. Rapid loss of bodily fluids
causes dehydration and shock in these persons. Without treatment, death can happen in a
matter of hours.

1

2

THE NATURE AND ACTION
OF CHOLERA TOXIN

O1 and O139 cholera bacteria strains secrete a cTAhMePGbTiPnfdosrtmo oaftGrasnassmtiemmublartaenseapdreontyeliantcealled
toxin that contains Cholera Toxin Subunit B CcyysctliacsFeib(AroCs),iswThriacnhspmroemdubcreasnceyRcleicguAlMatPor(c, AwMhiPc)h
(CTB) cErwrECcehfeaAffylafleltMsulereautgaxirPsxceseoabeoFsfssifinccbwcchhdrhheollsoolllsooltrr,iorrsiiaddiiddaTseeeerctaiiroeoiinooalnnlsnnnssmtsssritmniiterenritmegsitogmogbtgteortbehrahrrresneseaeeesneefxteffxRotflturelpruraegxraxcouacoetloefalebflltsuilansuoolloaarldcad,rniarwuicsluslmephempaidiacancahcenendd
TChTeB Ab1inddosmtoaiGnaonfgtlhioesitdoexiGnM’s1Aosnubthuenicteilsl
cmleeamvebdranedstoraf veenltsetroocthyteecsyatnosdotlhe toxin is water as well, as cell tries to restore a balance in
Ain1tbeirnndasliazned activates Gsa, locking it in its GTP
fTohrme A1 domain of the toxin’s A subunit is charge
cleaved and travels to the cytosol
A1 binds and activates Gsa, locking it in its GTP
form

Efflux of abnormal amounts of water and ions 3
from the intestine induces watery diarrhea
cramps , hypovolemic shock, and vomiting in
the infected individual

Sources of Vibrio Cholerae Ways to
prevent
Cholera

HYGEINE &

VACCINATION

SYMPSTIGONMSSOFACNhoDlera Wash hands each time after
using the toilet and before
-dry and -dry mouth preparing or handling meals
shriveled skin Use clean water to drink
-thirst -vomitting Eat cooked meal
Cholera vaccine is usually given
-watery diarrhea -rapid heart rate orally as a single dose.
-low blood Example of vaccines developed:
pressure Dukoral®, Shanchol™, Euvichol®,
mORC-Vax™, OraVacs, Cholvax,
HillChol™, CVD 103, Peru-15,
Cuban 638, VA 1.4
Vaccine developed by time and
now even children from 1 years
old also can get vaccinated.

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-muscle cramps Filippo Pacini 4

5

BSM 3101 - 2

REFERENCES

Ansel Hslao and Jun Zhu. Pathogenicity and virulence regulation of Vibrio cholerae at
the interface of host-gut microbiome interactions. (2020, November 11). Retrieved
from https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/21505594.2020.1845039

A. Ojeda Rodriguez, J., & Kahwaji, C. (2021, June 4). Vibrio Cholerae. Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526099/.

Cholera - Vibrio cholerae infection, Cholera, CDC. (2020, September 8), Retrieved from
https://www.cdc.gov/cholera/preventionsteps.html

Cholera. Who.int. (2021, February 5). Retrieved from https://www.who.int/news-
room/fact-sheets/detail/cholera

Dunkin, M. A. (2021, July 25). Cholera: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention
Retrieved from https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/cholera-faq

Faiz Anuar. (2021,November 14). Selangor Iissues cholera alert to all its hospitals
health clinic. New Straits Times, Retrieved from
https://www.nst.com.my/news/nation/2021/11/745310/selangor-issues-cholera-alert-
all-its-hospitals-health-clinics

Malak Al-Ali, Jessica Attalla, Ramsha Sehar, Noor Al-Imari. (2018, October 23). Cholera
Biochemistry, Prevention and Treatment. Retreived from
https://slideplayer.com/slide/16130589/

NewsDesk. (2021, November 16). Cholera outbreak reported in Lacs district, Togo.
Outbreak News Today, Retrieved from http://outbreaknewstoday.com/cholera-
outbreak-reported-in-lacs-district-togo-45360/

Normandin, B. (2021, February 18). Cholera: Causes, Symptoms, and Diagnosis -
Healthline. Retrieved from https://www.healthline.com/health/cholera

Solidarities International. Nigeria : fighting the cholera epidemic, (2021, November 17).
Retrieved from https://reliefweb.int/report/nigeria/nigeria-fighting-cholera-epidemic

THANK YOU :)