awesome physics with tcer Alina-2019

ANALISIS 3PHYSICS PAPER (SPM)

TAHUN SECTION A SECTION B
2008
2009 NO. 1 NO. 2 NO. 3 NO. 4

2010 SIMPLE F=ma PRESSURE ELECTROMAGNETISM
2011 PENDULUM (acceleration + (force)
2012 P = F
2013 height) A
2014
2015 ELECTROMAGNETIC
2016
VOLUME INTERFERENCE HOOKE’S LAW INDUCTION
2017 (current + no. of pin
(buoyant force) OF WATER WAVE
2018
attracted)

MEASUREMENT INTERFERENCE F=ma ELECTROMAGNETIC
(Vernier callipers) OF LIGHT WAVE INDUCTION
(acceleration +
mass) (no. of turns + no. of pin
attracted)

BUOYANT PRESSURE LAW LENS INTERFERENCE OF
FORCE (u and v) WATER WAVE
(weight) BUOYANT
FORCE BOYLE’S LAW ELECTRICITY
INTERFERENCE (R + diameter)
OF LIGHT WAVE

MEASUREMENT SNELL’S LAW PRESSURE IN REFRACTION
(micrometre LIQUID (water wave)
screw gauge) HOOKE’S LAW (depth)
ELECTROMAGNETISM
OHM’S LAW LENS BUOYANT (force)
(u and v) FORCE
REFRACTION ELECTRICITY
(real + apparent TRANSFORMER INERTIA (R + diameter)

depth) FACTOR BOYLE’S LAW ELECTROMAGNETIC
EFFECTS INDUCTION
HOOKE’S LAW RESISTANCE
(no. of turns + no. of pin
PRESSURE IN (R & I) attracted)
LIQUID
(density) v2 against h HOOKE’S LAW POWER & CURRENT

INERTIA CHARLES’ LAW STRENGTH OF
(spring=mass + ELECTROMAGNET
(no. of turns + no. of pin
period)
attracted)

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TYPE OF PRECAUTION STEPS FOR
NO. EXPERIMENT
INVESTIGATIVE EXPERIMENTS
INVOLVING
1 PRECAUTIONS THAT CAN BE TAKEN

LIGHT a. Do the experiment in a dark room to get clear and sharp image
b. Lens, screen and object must be in line and of same level
2 c. Make sure our eyes perpendicular to the reading of meter
SPRING
rule to avoid parallax error
3
ELECTRIC / a. Make sure the spring is not loaded beyond the elastic limit
ELECTRONIC (spring return to original length when load is taken off)

4 b. Make sure our eyes perpendicular to the reading of meter
rule to avoid parallax error
HEAT
a. Make sure all the connections are correctly and tightly
5 Measuring b. Switch off the circuit after taking the reading to avoid over
instrument such as
ammeter, voltmeter, heating of the wires (resistance increase)
meter rule etc. c. Make sure our eyes perpendicular to the reading of

ammeter / voltmeter to avoid parallax error

a. Stirred the liquid constantly, so the temperature rises evenly
b. Aluminium block must be wrapped with insulating material to

prevent heat lost
c. Thermometer bulb should be smeared with oil to give better

thermal contact with the block
d. Make sure our eyes perpendicular to the reading of

thermometer to avoid parallax error

Make sure our eyes perpendicular to the reading of
......................... (instrument) to avoid parallax error

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PAPER 3 [SECTION B]

PLANNING EXPERIMENT

INFERENCE RV depends on MV

HYPOTHESIS MV increase, RV increase
AIM OR

MV increase, RV decrease

To investigate the relationship between ……….MV……….. and
……….RV…………….

VARIABLES MV :
RV :
LIST OF FV :
APPARATUS
ARRANGEMENT OF 1. How to control manipulated variable?
APPARATUS 2. How to control responding variable?
PROCEDURE 3. How to repeat experiment?

TABULATE DATA

MV RV

ANALYSING DATA

RV

MV

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OPERATIONAL DEFINITION

INERTIA:
Time taken for one complete oscillation
// Period

PRESSURE IN LIQUID:
Different height in manometer

VOLUME OF GAS:
Length of mercury or sulfuric acid //
Length of trapped air

STRENGTH OF ELECTROMAGNET:
Number of pins attracted

SPEED OF ROTATION:
Height of magnet bar released

BRIGHTER:
Current flow

MAGNETIC FORCE:
Distance of copper rod move

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Experiment based on instrument:

NO. INSTRUMENTS EXPERIMENT
Simple pendulum
1. Pendulum Inertia
Hooke’s law
2. Hacksaw blade F=ma
3. Slotted weight, spring Pressure in liquid
4. Ticker tape Buoyant force
Buoyant force
5. Thistle funnel Boyle's law
6. Marble, lead shot, measuring cylinder Pressure law
7. Eureka can Charles' law
8. Syringe real + apparent depth
refraction of light
9. Round bottom flask, bourdon gauge reflection of light
10. Sulphuric acid Interference of sound
11. Beaker, pin strength of electromagnet

12. Glass block, ray box
13. Mirror, ray box
14. Speakers, sound generator
15. Pins, solenoid

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PAPER 3 [SECTION B]

EXAMPLE 1

Diagram 1.1 shows a diver is diving in swimming pool.
Diagram 1.2 shows the same diver is diving in sea water.
He dives at the same depth, but he feels his ear sick when he diving in the sea water.

Diagram 1.1 Diagram 1.2

EXAMPLE 2

Diagram 1.1 and Diagram 1.2 show the conditions of identical metal boxes which are used to cover
a camera, tied to a big catfish in a river water and to a small shark in the sea water.

Diagram 1.1 Diagram 1.2

The metal box tied to the small shark is more crumple.

With the use of apparatus such as a thistle funnel, measuring cylinder and other apparatus,
describe one experiment to investigate the hypothesis stated above.

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TECHNIQUE IN ANSWERING P3 SECTION B

CLUE CAUSE EFFECT EXPERIMENT
(MV) (RV)
1. Swimming pool (river water) &
sea water Density Pressure PRESSURE
(different height
2. Different density (ear sick // box in manometer) IN LIQUID
crumple)

3. Pressure increase
4. Same depth

OPERATIONAL DEFINITION

PRESSURE IN LIQUID:

Different height in manometer

INFERENCE Pressure in liquid depends on density
(refer the simulation or situation given in the question)

HYPHOTESIS Density increase, different height in manometer increase.

AIM To investigate the relationship between density and different height in
VARIABLES manometer

MV : density
RV : different height in manometer
CV : depth of liquid

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FORMAT WRITING P3 SECTION B

Experiment : DEPTH & PRESSURE IN LIQUID

From the diagram above, state the procedure of the experiment which is the method of controllingPROCEDURE
the manipulated variable , method of measuring the responding variable and repeat the experiment.

At least 2 statement
• Method how to control MV in this experiment
• Initial value must be stated

MV • Measuring instrument need to be stated

1. Set up the apparatus as shown on the diagram above.
2. The thistle funnel is lowered into the salt water with density 0.5 gcm-3 at

a depth 5.0 cm.

At least 2 statement

• Describe on how to measure RV
• Measuring instrument need to be stated
RV • State the formula if necessary

3. Observed and measure the different level, h at manometer through
meter rule.

State at least 4 other value with correct units for MV

Repeat 4. The experiment is repeated by lowered the thistle funnel at different density
which are 1.0 gcm-3, 1.5 gcm-3, 2.0 gcm-3 and 2.5 gcm-3.

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DATA TABULATION: REFER TO THE FOLLOWING TABLE

The way to tabulate the data. Density, (gcm-3) Different level, h (cm)
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5

DATA ANALYSIS : REFER GRAPH

The way to analyse the data.

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EXAMPLE 3

Diagram 3.1 shows a bicycle’s dynamo which has a magnet and a coil of insulated copper wire. The
output of the dynamo is connected to a bicycle lamp. The lamp will light up when the cylindrical magnet
is rotated by turning the wheel. Diagram 3.2 shows 3the light gets brighter when the wheel turns faster.

Diagram 3.1 Diagram 3.2

CLUE CAUSE EFFECT EXPERIMENT
(MV) (RV)
1. Dynamo
(electromagnetic induction) Height of Induced ELECTROMAGNETIC
magnet bar Current INDUCTION
2. Wheel turns faster, light gets
brighter release

3. Turns faster (increase in
rotation) " height of magnet bar
release

4. Brighter " current

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DICTIONARY F4

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DICTIONARY F5

F5 - CHAPTER 1 – WAVES

TERMS DEFINITION / MEANING FORMULA
Wave
A travelling disturbance from a vibrating or oscillating source
Vibration / which carries energy along with it in the direction of the
oscillation propagation

A uniform to –and-fro motion of an object / particle from a
vibrating source

Transverse wave A wave in which the particles of the medium oscillate in the
direction perpendicular to the direction in which the wave
Longitudinal wave moves
(eg: water, light, all EM waves)
Wavefront
One complete A wave in which the particles of the medium oscillate in the
oscillation direction parallel to the direction in which the wave moves
Amplitude, a (eg: sound)
(SI unit : m)
An imaginary line that joins all identical points on a wave

The to-and-fro motion of an object / particle from one
particular point

The maximum displacement from the mean position of a
wave

Period, T The time taken to complete one oscillation T = 1
(SI unit :s) f
Frequency, f The number of complete oscillations made in 1 second
(SI unit : Hz) f = 1
Wavelength, λ The horizontal distance between two successive equivalent T
points on a wave
Damping Energy loss from an oscillating system to the surrounding in λ=v/f
the form of heat energy
Natural frequency The frequency in which an oscillating system v=fλ
vibrates when no external force is applied
Resonance The phenomena in which an oscillating system is driven at
its natural frequency by a periodic force. Maximum energy
Reflection of transfer occurs to the system and it oscillates at a large
waves amplitude
Refraction of The phenomena when all or part of the wave return after
waves they encounter an obstacle known as reflector
The phenomena in which there is a change of direction of
Diffraction of propagation due to a change of speed when water waves
waves travel one area to another of different depths
The phenomena that refers to the spreading out of waves
when they move through a gap or round an obstacle

Interference of The phenomena in which two sets of coherent waves meet
waves / combine

Coherent waves Waves which maintain a constant phase difference,
amplitude and frequency
Principle of
Superposition The combined wave forms of two or more interfering waves
waves is given by the sum of the displacement of the
individual wave at each point of the medium

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Constructive The combination / superposition of two coherent waves in
interference which the vertical displacements of the two waves are in the
same direction
Destructive
interference The combination / superposition of two coherent waves in
which a positive displacement of a wave meets a negative
Audio waves displacement of another wave and the combined amplitude
becomes zero
Infrasound Sound waves generated between 20 Hz and 20 kHz and can
Ultrasound be heard by normal human ears
Electromagnetic Sound with frequency below 20 Hz
spectrum Sound with frequency above 20 kHz
Consists of a group of waves with similar natures and are
Electromagnetic arranged in increasing frequencies and decreasing
waves wavelengths
Waves which consist of a joint electric and magnetic fields
which oscillate perpendicular to each other

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F5 - CHAPTER 2 – ELECTRICITY

TERMS DEFINITION / MEANING FORMULA
Electric current The rate of charge flow in a circuit
I = Q
t
A = C s -1
1 ampere The electric current that flows through a conductor if 1
Electric field coulomb of charge flows through the conductor in 1 second V = E
Potential A region in which an electric charge experiences an electric Q
difference force
1 volt The work done or the energy that would be required to move V = J C -1
Resistance 1 C of charge from one point to another in a circuit
R = V
Ohm’s Law The work done to move 1C of charge between two points is I
1J
Series circuit The ratio of potential difference across a conductor to the V = IR
Parallel circuit electric current flowing through the conductor
E = I(R+r)
Electromotive The electric current passing through an ohmic conductor is
force (emf) directly proportional to the potential difference between its E = V + Ir
Internal end provided that the temperature and other physical
resistance, r properties of the conductor are constant r = E -V
Electrical power All the components are connected one after another in a I
single path
All the components are connected with their corresponding P = W
ends joined together at common points to form separate and t
parallel paths
The work done by a source ( dry cell / battery) in driving a
unit charge around a complete circuit

The resistance against the moving charge due to the
electrolyte in the cell / battery

The rate of electrical energy dissipated or transferred

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F5 - CHAPTER 3 – ELECTROMAGNETISME

TERMS DEFINITION / MEANING FORMULA
Electromagnet A temporary magnet made by winding a coil of insulated
wire round a soft iron core Np = Ns
Magnetic field A temporary magnet when current flow through a Vp Vs
Catapult field conductor
Electromagnetic A region round a current – carrying conductor in which a Pout = Pin
induction magnetic force acts Vs Is = Vp I p
A region where magnetic material experience force
Lenz’s Law The resultant magnetic field due to the combination of
Faraday’s Law the magnetic field due to the current in the conductor and
Direct current the external magnetic field
Alternating current The setting up of an electromotive force in a conductor
Transformer due to a change in the magnetix flux caused by the
Step-up transformer relative motion of the conductor and a magnetic field. The
induced emf will cause induced current to flow
Step-down
transformer Production of indueced current when there is a change in
Ideal transformer magnetic field / flux magnet
Eddy current The direction of the induced current in such that the
National Grid change producing it will be opposed
Network The magnitude of the induced emf is directly
proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux or the
rate of cutting of the magnetic flux
A current that flows in one direction only in a circuit and
the magnitude of the current maybe constant or changes
with time
A current which flows to and fro in two opposite directions
in a circuit and it changes its direction periodically
A device which works on the principle of electromagnetic
induction which steps up or steps down alternating
current voltages
A transformer where the number of turns in the secondary
coil is greater than the number of turns in the primary coil,
the voltage across the secondary coil is greater than the
voltage across the primary coil

A transformer where the number of turns in the secondary
coil is less than the number of turns in the primary coil,
the voltage across the secondary coil is less than the
voltage across the primary coil
A transformer in which the output power is equal to the
input power and there is no energy loss during the
process of transforming the voltage
The current induced in the soft iron core due to the
changing magnetic field produced by the alternating
current in the coils
A network system of cables which connects all the power
stations and substations in the country to the consumers
in a closed network to transmit electricity

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F5 - CHAPTER 4 – ELECTRONIC

TERMS DEFINITION / MEANING FORMULA
Thermionic emission
Cathode ray The process of emission of electrons from the surface of
Semiconductor a heated metal
Doping
The stream of electrons which moves from cathode to
n-type anode at high speed across a vacuum
semiconductor
A material which can conduct electricity better than
p-type insulator, but not as well as conductor
semiconductor
A process of adding a certain amount of specific
p-n junction impurities called dopants to a semiconductor to increase
semiconductor diode its conductivity

Forward bias Semiconductor obtained when pentavalent atoms which
are doped into the intrinsic semiconductor contribute
Reverse bias extra electrons. Free electrons become the majority
charge carrier and the holes become the minority carrier
Rectifier
Half-wave Semiconductor obtained when trivalent atoms which are
rectification doped into the intrinsic semiconductor contribute extra
holes. Free electrons become the minority charge carrier
and the holes become the majority charge carrier

Formed when pieces of n-type and p-type
semiconductors are fused together

An electronic device made from a p-n junction that allows
current to flow in one direction only but blocks it in the
opposite direction

The connection in which the p-type (anode) of the diode
is connected to the positive terminal of a battery and the
n-type (cathode) is connected to the negative terminal of
the battery

The connection in which the p-type (anode) of the diode
is connected to the negative terminal of a battery and the
n-type (cathode) is connected to the positive terminal of
the battery

An electrical device that converts alternating current to
direct current

A process where only half of every cycle of an
alternating current is made to flow in one direction only.

Full-wave A process where both halves of every cycle of an
rectification alternating current is made to flow in the same direction

Transistor An electronic device which has three terminals labelled
Logic gates base, collector and emitter, made by coalescing (fusing)
Truth table the n-type and p-type semiconductors

A switching circuit made up of a combination of transistor
switches which has one or more inputs but only one
output

A record of all the possible combinations of inputs and the
corresponding outputs for a particular logic circuit

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F5 - CHAPTER 5 – RADIOACTIVITY

TERMS DEFINITION / MEANING FORMULA
Proton number, Z
Nucleon number, A The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom E = mc2
Isotopes
Radioactivity The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus
of an atom
Radioactive decay
Radiation Atoms of an element which have the same proton number
Ionising effect but different nucleon number

Half-life The spontaneous disintegration of an unstable nucleus
Radioisotopes accompanied by the emission of an energetic particle or

Atomic mass unit a
(amu or u) photon (or radioactive emission)
Nuclear fission
Chain reaction The process in which an unstable nucleus changes into a
Nuclear fusion more
Einstein’s Principle stable nucleus by emitting radiation

The energy given out by an unstable nucleus in the form
of
energetic particles or photon

The production of charged particles called ions when the
energetic particle or photon passes through a medium, it
can
knock electrons out of the atoms and molecules of the
medium.

The time taken for the number of the undecayed nuclei in
the
sample to be reduced to half of its original number

Unstable nuclei of an element which have the same
number of
protons but different number of neutrons which decay and
give
out radioactive emissions

1 of the mass of the carbon-12 atom
12

The process of splitting a heavy nucleus into two
lighter nuclei
which releases emormous amount of energy

Self-sustaining reaction in which the products of a
reaction can
initiate another similar reaction

The process of combining two lighter nuclei to form a
heavier
nucleus which releases enormous amount of energy

Mass and energy are not conserved separately and can
be
exchanged one for the other by using this equation : E =
mc 2
where
E = energy released(J),
m = mass defect(kg)
c = speed of light (3x108 ms -1)

YOU GET WHAT YOU

WORK FOR

NOT
WHAT YOU

WISH FOR

Keep moving forward with the great momentum

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