topic 1-combined

SSF 1033 MALAYSIAN SOCIAL
HISTORY

LECTURE 2- WHAT IS HISTORY?

HISTORY WITHIN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES
(SEJARAH DALAM BIDANG SOCIAL SAINS)

• HISTORY(SEJARAH)

AS A BACKGROUND AND ANALYTICAL TOOL
WRITING ABOUT THE PAST AND DO VIEWS ABOUT THE PAST

• HISTORIOGRAPHY

IS WRITING ABOUT THE PERSPECTIVE/A VIEW AND AN OPINION ABOUT
HUMAN SOCIETY.

HISTORY AND EVIDENCE

• MUST HAVE A EVIDENCE
• TYPES OF EVIDENCE= WORD,ORAL STORIES,BONES,ARTIFACTS,CAVE ARTS.
• MUST BE CHECKED AND VERIFIED

HISTORY AND ACTORS

• IT IS NOT JUST HAPPEN
• INVOLVED INDIVIDUALS, GROUP, AND SOCIETY
• HAPPENED IN A SPECIFIEC PLACES AND PARTICULAR TIMES.
• ALSO INVOLVED MEN AND WOMEN, OLD AND YOUNG, HEALTH AND SICK.
• REFELCT CHOICES OF POWER FULL PEOPLE AND THE POWERLESS

TYPES OF HISTORY : DOMINANT

• INVOVING PROPAGANDA THAT INVENTS OUR OWN GREATNESS AND

UNIQUENESS

• NO LINK TO OUTSIDE HISTORY EXCEPT “FIGHTING AGAINST COLONIALISM

AND FOREIGN DOMINATION.

WHY STUDY HISTORY?
(KENAPA BELAJAR SEJARAH)

• DESIRE TO REMEMBER AND THE AWARESS THAT MEMORY CONFERS POWER

ON THOSE WHO REMEMBER

• TO EXPLORE THE MEANING OF LIFE AND DEEATH
• USEFULL KNOWLEDGE ( WANG GUNGWU1968)

USE OF HISTORY

• HELPS US TO BE BETTER UNDERSTAND THE PRESENT.
• PROVIDES LESSONS FROM THE PAST
• PROMOTE AWARENESS OF OUR ANCESTRAL HERRITAGE
• TO UNDERSTAND HOW PEOPLE THINK AND FEEL
• DEVELOP CRITICAL AND ANALYTICAL SKILLS
• DEVELOP A SENSE OF NATIONS IDENTITY(YONG MUN CHEONG2000)

THE IMPORTANCE OF PERSPECTIVE

• EVIDENCE AND PERSPECTIVE= INTERPRETATION
• PERSPECTIVES CHANGE
• PERSPECTIVES DEPEND ON ACTOR’S POSITION IN HISTORY
• TO TELL THE PAST AS IT REALLY WAS.
• TO TELL THE EVERYDAY STORY OF ORDINARY PEOPLE.

POST WORLD WAR II : NEW NATIONS, NEW
COUNTRIES

• IT IS NATION BUIDING
• DESIRE FOR NATION IDENTITY AND NATIONAL UNITY
• CREATION OF IDENTITY
• A COMMON HISTORY THAT WOULD REJECT COLONIAL HISTORY
• CONVENTIONAL NATIONAL HISTORY

MALAYSIAN WOMEN’S
MOVEMENT

WHAT MEANS BY WOMEN’S
MOVEMENT?

The feminist movement (also known
as the women's movement, or
feminism) refers to a series of social
movements and political campaigns
for radical and liberal reforms on
women's issues created by the
inequality between men and
women.

COLONIAL PERIOD 3

❑Early 20th Century Arab reform
movements also influenced
local education (promoted
women’s education,legal
reform, rights of women to
work and veiling of women)

❑Main purpose-not to
undermine women’s traditional
role.

MALAYSIAN WOMEN’S MOVEMENT

NATIONALIST & LABOUR
AWAKENING

❑Divided into two streams
➢Mainstream(women in ruling political parties)
➢Non-Mainstream (left-wing,labour and feminist roups)

❑Mainstream tightly controlled, non-mainstream less but both
limited patriarchal and authoritarian state and social structures.

POST-INDEPENDENCE MALAYSIAN
MOVEMENTS(MAINSTREAM)

➢ Nation-building resulted in more female education, industrial employment, but also rural
agriculture work.

➢ First generation women, with such a modern and liberal outlook, fought to preserve and
progress their newfound status.

➢ despite the reality that women have been recruited into the public sector but their rights as
employees really aren't guaranteed.

➢ 1960: Establishment of the National Council of Women's Organizations (NCWO
➢ Funtion of NCWO is
• The constitutional guarantee of non-discrimination based on gender is interpreted in the

context of substantive equality for all women;
• For law reforms, including syariah in both substance and enforcement so as to respect,

protect and fulfill women rights and to eliminate all forms of discrimination and violence
against women;

NON-MAINSTREAM

▪ To increase awareness of feminism,sexual oppression and VAW
▪ On 1982, Women’s Aid Orgn(WAO) deal with problem of battered

women and domestic violence

▪ 1980s the years of growth for women’s movement

▪ 1985s women’s group came together to push for Domestic
Violence actFeminist groups grouped together to push for the
Domestic Violence Act; feminist organisations provided empirical
research-based evidence; government departments and religious
departments, among many others, drawn up the law; and the
NCWO gave it "official" legitimacy.;

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WOWEN’S AGENDA FOR CHANGE AND
REFORMASI

• Reformasi brought abaout the idea that women enter politics and campaign
solely on social reforms to advance the causes of women.

• Issues:
o Woman & Development; Women & Participatory Democracy;

Woman,Religion & Culture; Violence Against Women; Women & Land;
Women & Health Services; Women & The Law; Women & Work; Women
& Aids; Women & Environment; Women & Sexuality