TOURISM TRANSPORTATION (FOLIO) ZAHIRAH 2A

DIPLOMA IN TOURISM MANAGEMENT



DTM20223 TOURISM TRANSPORTATION
(FOLIO)

NAME: SITI ZAHIRAH BINTI ANUAR
NO.MATRIK : 29DUP21F1040

LECTURERS NAME : MISS
SURAYAHANIM BINTI ALI

1.LAND (RAIL)

1.TRAIN

IN RAIL TRANSPORT, A TRAIN IS A SERIES OF
CONNECTED VEHICLES THAT RUN ALONG A RAILWAY
TRACK AND TRANSPORT PEOPLE OR FREIGHT. THE
WORD TRAIN COMES FROM THE OLD FRENCH TRAHINER,
DERIVED FROM THE LATIN TRAHERE MEANING "TO
PULL, TO DRAW".TRAINS ARE TYPICALLY PULLED OR
PUSHED BY LOCOMOTIVES (OFTEN KNOWN SIMPLY AS
"ENGINES"), THOUGH SOME ARE SELF-PROPELLED, SUCH
AS MULTIPLE UNITS.

FUNCTION

A TRACKED VEHICLE THAT CAN MOVE TOGETHER
TO CARRY CARGO OR PASSENGERS FROM ONE
PLACE TO ANOTHER VIA A SPECIFIC ROUTE.
THE FUNCTION OF THE TRAIN IS AS A MEANS
OF LAND TRANSPORTATION

Example organization/
company involved in Malaysia

and in the world

TRAIN IN MALAYSIA

KERETAPI TANAH MELAYU BERHAD (KTMB) OR
MALAYAN RAILWAYS LIMITED IS THE MAIN RAIL
OPERATOR IN PENINSULAR MALAYSIA. FORMERLY
KNOWN AS THE FEDERATED MALAY STATES RAILWAY
(FMSR) AND THE MALAYAN RAILWAY ADMINISTRATION
(MRA), KERETAPI TANAH MELAYU ACQUIRED ITS NAME
IN 1962.

Keretapi Tanah Melayu Berhad
(KTMB)

TRAIN IN JAPAN

SHINKANSEN BULLET TRAINS ARE THE FASTEST AND
MOST CONVENIENT WAY OF DISCOVERING JAPAN. THE
JAPAN RAIL (JR) NETWORK IS EXTENSIVE AND THE
TRAINS REACH A TOP SPEED OF 320 KM/H (199MP/H).
THIS ALLOWS YOU TO GET TO WHEREVER YOU NEED IN
LITTLE TIME.

SHINKANSEN

LIGHT RAIL TRANSIT (LRT)

LIGHT RAIL TRANSIT (LRT) IS A FORM OF PASSENGER
URBAN RAIL TRANSIT CHARACTERIZED BY A
COMBINATION OF TRAM AND METRO FEATURES. WHILE
ITS ROLLING STOCK IS MORE SIMILAR TO A TRADITIONAL
TRAM, IT OPERATES AT A HIGHER CAPACITY AND SPEED,
AND OFTEN ON AN EXCLUSIVE RIGHT-OF-WAY. IN MANY
CITIES, LIGHT RAIL TRANSIT SYSTEMS MORE CLOSELY
RESEMBLE, AND ARE THEREFORE INDISTINGUISHABLE
FROM, TRADITIONAL UNDERGROUND OR AT-GRADE
SUBWAYS AND HEAVY-RAIL METROS.

FUNCTION

USED TO CARRY PASSENGERS IN URBAN
AREAS.

LIGHT RAIL OPERATES AT HIGHER CAPACITIES
AND SPEEDS, AND IS OFTEN ON THE RIGHT PAST
EXCLUSIVELY.

EXAMPLE ORGANIZATION/
COMPANY INVOLVED IN MALAYSIA

AND IN THE WORLD

IN MALAYSIA

RAPID RAIL SDN BHD IS THE OPERATOR OF THE RAPID
TRANSIT (METRO) SYSTEM SERVING KUALA LUMPUR AND THE
KLANG VALLEY AREA IN MALAYSIA. A SUBSIDIARY OF
PRASARANA MALAYSIA, IT IS THE SOLE OPERATOR OF FIVE
RAPID TRANSIT LINES WHICH COLLECTIVELY FORM THE RAPID
KL RAPID TRANSIT SYSTEM. THE SYSTEM CURRENTLY
CONSISTS OF THREE LIGHT RAPID TRANSIT (LRT) LINES, ONE
MASS RAPID TRANSIT (MRT) LINE AND A MONORAIL LINE,
WITH ANOTHER MRT AND LRT LINE CURRENTLY UNDER
CONSTRUCTION

RAPID RAIL SDN BHD

IN CHINA

THE CHONGQING RAIL TRANSIT (BRANDED AS CRT ALSO
KNOWN AS CHONGQING METRO) IS THE RAPID TRANSIT
SYSTEM IN THE CITY OF CHONGQING, CHINA. IN
OPERATION SINCE 2005, IT SERVES THE TRANSPORTATION
NEEDS OF THE CITY'S MAIN BUSINESS AND
ENTERTAINMENT DOWNTOWN AREAS AND INNER
SUBURBS.

CHONGQING RAIL TRANSIT

COMMUTER

COMMUTER RAIL, OR SUBURBAN RAIL, IS A PASSENGER
RAIL TRANSPORT SERVICE THAT PRIMARILY OPERATES
WITHIN A METROPOLITAN AREA, CONNECTING
COMMUTERS TO A CENTRAL CITY FROM ADJACENT
SUBURBS OR COMMUTER TOWNS. GENERALLY COMMUTER
RAIL SYSTEMS ARE CONSIDERED HEAVY RAIL, USING
ELECTRIFIED OR DIESEL TRAINS. DISTANCE CHARGES OR
ZONE PRICING MAY BE USED.

FUNCTION

AIMS TO PROVIDE SATISFACTORY SERVICE
AND OVERCOME TRAFFIC CONGESTION.
ENSURING PASSENGERS CAN REACH THEIR
DESTINATIONS ON TIME AT LOW FARES.

EXAMPLE ORGANIZATION/
COMPANY INVOLVED IN MALAYSIA

AND IN THE WORLD

IN MALAYSIA

KTM KOMUTER IS A COMMUTER RAIL SYSTEM IN
MALAYSIA OPERATED BY KERETAPI TANAH
MELAYU (KTM). IT WAS INTRODUCED IN 1995 TO
PROVIDE LOCAL RAIL SERVICES IN KUALA LUMPUR
AND THE SURROUNDING KLANG VALLEY SUBURBAN
AREAS.

KERETAPI TANAH MELAYU BERHAD (KTMB)

IN INDONESIA

PT KERETA COMMUTER INDONESIA (TRADING AS KAI
COMMUTER, ABBREVIATED AS KCI OR KAIC) IS A
SUBSIDIARY OF THE INDONESIAN NATIONAL RAILWAY
COMPANY PT KERETA API INDONESIA (KAI) WHICH
MANAGES COMMUTER RAIL SERVICES. PREVIOUSLY
FOUNDED AS AN OPERATOR OF GREATER JAKARTA
COMMUTER RAIL, THE COMPANY CURRENTLY RESPONSIBLE
TO SEVERAL COMMUTER RAIL AND LOCAL TRAIN SYSTEMS
IN INDONESIA.

PT. KERETA COMMUTER INDONESIA

CABLE CAR

A CABLE CAR (USUALLY KNOWN AS A CABLE TRAM
OUTSIDE NORTH AMERICA) IS A TYPE OF CABLE
RAILWAY USED FOR MASS TRANSIT IN WHICH RAIL
CARS ARE HAULED BY A CONTINUOUSLY MOVING
CABLE RUNNING AT A CONSTANT SPEED. INDIVIDUAL
CARS STOP AND START BY RELEASING AND GRIPPING
THIS CABLE AS REQUIRED. CABLE CARS ARE DISTINCT
FROM FUNICULARS, WHERE THE CARS ARE
PERMANENTLY ATTACHED TO THE CABLE.

FUNCTION

CABLE CARS USUALLY REFER TO
TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS USING CABLE ROPES
TO TRANSPORT VEHICLES / CARS / CABINS OR
GONDOLAS.
CABLE CARS CAN ALSO TAKE PASSENGERS TO A
PREDETERMINED DESTINATION.

EXAMPLE ORGANIZATION/
COMPANY INVOLVED IN MALAYSIA

AND IN THE WORLD

IN MALAYSIA

The Langkawi Cable Car, also known as Langkawi SkyCab,
is one of the major attractions in Langkawi Island, Kedah,
Malaysia. It provides an aerial link from the Oriental
Village at Teluk Burau to the peak of Gunung
Machinchang, which is also the location of the Langkawi
Sky Bridge.

LANGKAWI CABLE CAR

IN AUSTRALIA

OPENED IN 1958 THE SCENIC SKYWAY WAS
AUSTRALIA’S FIRST CABLE CAR. THE CURRENT SWISS-
MADE CABIN WAS LAUNCHED IN 2017 AND CAN CARRY
84 PASSENGERS EVERY 10 MINUTES. IT IS THE
LARGEST AERIAL CABLE CAR IN THE SOUTHERN
HEMISPHERE.

SCENIC SKYWAY

REFERENCES

https://www.jrailpass.com/shinkansen-bullet-trains



https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KAI_Commuter



https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langkawi_Cable_Car



https://scenicworld.com.au/experience/scenic-skyway

2.LAND

TAXI

A TAXI, ALSO KNOWN AS A TAXICAB OR SIMPLY A CAB, IS
A TYPE OF VEHICLE FOR HIRE WITH A DRIVER, USED BY A
SINGLE PASSENGER OR SMALL GROUP OF PASSENGERS,
OFTEN FOR A NON-SHARED RIDE. A TAXICAB CONVEYS
PASSENGERS BETWEEN LOCATIONS OF THEIR CHOICE.
THIS DIFFERS FROM PUBLIC TRANSPORT WHERE THE
PICK-UP AND DROP-OFF LOCATIONS ARE DECIDED BY THE
SERVICE PROVIDER, NOT BY THE CUSTOMERS, ALTHOUGH
DEMAND RESPONSIVE TRANSPORT AND SHARE TAXIS
PROVIDE A HYBRID BUS/TAXI MODE.

FUNCTION

A TAXI SYSTEM WILL HELP YOU GET FROM ONE
PLACE TO ANOTHER IN A SHORT INTERVAL OF
TIME AND ITS A BETTER FORM OF
TRANSPORTATION THAN PUBLIC SERVICE
ALTHOUGH IT IS MORE PRICEY THAN THEM.

EXAMPLE ORGANIZATION/
COMPANY INVOLVED IN MALAYSIA

AND IN THE WORLD

IN MALAYSIA

THERE ARE A NUMBER OF SMALL TAXICAB
COMPANIES AND SOME PRIVATE INDIVIDUAL
ONES. CABS ARE GENERALLY IN RED AND WHITE.
LARGER AND RELIABLE TAXI COMPANIES ARE
REQUIRED TO DISPLAY THEY OWNED COLORS I.E.
SUNLIGHT RADIO CAB, INNOVASI TIMUR ORANGE
TAXI CAB AND PUBLIC CAB.

IN DUBAI

A SUBSIDIARY OF THE ROADS AND TRANSPORT
AUTHORITY (RTA). DTC WAS ESTABLISHED IN 1995 TO
PROVIDE CUSTOMERS WITH A RANGE OF SMART
TRANSPORTATION SERVICES SUCH AS TAXI,
LIMOUSINE, SCHOOL BUS AND BEYOND. ADHERING TO
THE HIGHEST LEVELS OF TRANSPORTATION QUALITY
STANDARDS

DUBAI TAXI CORPORATION - DTC

LIMOUSINE

A LIMOUSINE (OR LIMO) IS A LUXURY CAR PRIMARILY
WITH LONG WHEELBASE OR DRIVEN BY A DRIVER.
THERE ARE INDIVIDUALLY OWNED LIMOUSINES, MANY
ALSO OWNED BY SOME GOVERNMENTS TO CARRY
SENIOR POLITICIANS, BY LARGE CORPORATIONS TO
CARRY EXECUTIVES, OR BY BROADCASTERS TO CARRY
GUESTS.

FUNCTION

TO BRING IN SENIOR POLITICIANS, BY
LARGE CORPORATIONS TO BRING IN
EXECUTIVES, OR BY BROADCASTERS TO
BRING IN GUESTS.

EXAMPLE ORGANIZATION/
COMPANY INVOLVED IN MALAYSIA

AND IN THE WORLD

IN MALAYSIA

PREMIUM LIMOUSINE CARS ARE DESIGNED TO SERVE
VIP, HNWI, AND BUSINESSMEN BY PROVIDING
LUXURY LIMOUSINE CARS TRANSPORTATION

OPTIONS WITHIN MALAYSIA. LUXURY LIMOUSINES
ARE ALL DRIVEN BY PROFESSIONAL DRIVERS
CHAUFFEURES.

LUXURY LIMO MALAYSIA
(KUALA LUMPUR)

IN GERMANY

SECURE TRANSPORTATION DEPARTMENT OPERATES
COMPLIANT WITH HIGHEST STANDARDS. AT THE GERMAN
MAJOR CITIES AS BERLIN, HAMBURG, FRANKFURT,
HANNOVER, COLOGNE, BREMEN, DUSSELDORF, MUNICH ETC
OFFER A FLEET OF NEW VEHICLES MADE BY THE PREMIUM
MANUFACTURES MERCEDES-BENZ, AUDI AND BMW ONLY.

LIMOUSINENSERVICE FRANKFURT - GERMAN
LIMOUSINES NETWORK GMBH & CO. KG

EXPRESS BUS




PROVIDE LONG DISTANCE SERVICES BETWEEN
MAJOR CITIES.
THERE ARE ALSO EXECUTIVE EXPRESS BUSES
THAT CHARGE MORE BUT WITH SOME
ADVANTAGES SUCH AS IN -FLIGHT SERVICE
INCLUDING COMFORT, FOOD AND BEVERAGE AND
MORE SEATING SPACE.

FUNCTION

TO CARRY MORE PASSENGERS THAN
THE LOAD OF A CAR OR VAN

TO CARRY PASSENGERS ACCORDING TO A
SEPARATE FARE ON A SERVICE WHICH DOES NOT
CONTAIN A FARE LEVEL AND THE DISTANCE IS
LESS THAN THIRTY -TWO KILOMETERS.

EXAMPLE ORGANIZATION/
COMPANY INVOLVED IN MALAYSIA

AND IN THE WORLD

IN MALAYSIA

TERMINAL BERSEPADU SELATAN-BANDAR TASIK
SELATAN (TBS-BTS) IS AN INTEGRATED BUS STATION

THAT PROVIDES BUS SERVICES TO THE SOUTH OF
PENINSULAR MALAYSIA. THE TERMINAL WAS READY

IN NOVEMBER 2010.

TERMINAL BERSEPADU SELATAN
(KUALA LUMPUR)

IN THAILAND

BANGKOK SOUTHERN BUS TERMINAL, ALSO KNOWN
AS SAI TAI MAI BUS STATION, IS ONE OF 3 MAIN BUS
STATIONS IN BANGKOK. SAI TAI MAI BUS STATION IS
LOCATED ON BOROMMARATCHACHONNANI RD, AT
THE FAR WESTERN PART OF THAI CAPITAL.

BANGKOK SOUTHERN BUS TERMINAL (SAI TAI

RENTAL CAR

A CAR RENTAL, HIRE CAR, OR CAR HIRE AGENCY IS A
COMPANY THAT RENTS AUTOMOBILES FOR SHORT
PERIODS OF TIME TO THE PUBLIC, GENERALLY RANGING
FROM A FEW HOURS TO A FEW WEEKS. IT IS OFTEN
ORGANIZED WITH NUMEROUS LOCAL BRANCHES (WHICH
ALLOW A USER TO RETURN A VEHICLE TO A DIFFERENT
LOCATION), AND PRIMARILY LOCATED NEAR AIRPORTS
OR BUSY CITY AREAS AND OFTEN COMPLEMENTED BY A
WEBSITE ALLOWING ONLINE RESERVATIONS.

FUNCTION

ALLOWS USERS TO WALK LONG DISTANCES.
FACILITATE USERS WHO NEED A TEMPORARY
VEHICLE, SUCH AS THOSE WHO DO NOT OWN
THEIR OWN CARS OR TOURISTS WHO WANT TO
WALK LONG DISTANCES.

EXAMPLE ORGANIZATION/

COMPANY INVOLVED IN
MALAYSIA AND IN THE WORLD

IN MALAYSIA

HAWK RENT A CAR IS SOUTHEAST ASIA’S FIRST
HOMEGROWN CAR RENTAL COMPANY WITH A WIDE
REGIONAL PRESENCE. ESTABLISHED IN 1994 BY
INDUSTRY VETERANS AND TRUSTED BY GLOBAL
BRANDS.

HAWK RENT A CAR (M) SDN BHD | CAR RENTAL | CAR
LEASING| CAR FLEET MALAYSIA (SELANGOR)

IN LANDON

ENTERPRISE RENT A CAR IS A GLOBAL COMPANY
THAT SPECIALISES IN RENTING CARS, VANS AND
MINIBUSES. LUXURY AND CORPORATE VEHICLES
ARE ALSO AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST.

ENTERPRISE CAR & VAN HIRE - PARK LANE

TOURIST COACH

A COACH (OR MOTORCOACH) IS A BUS USED FOR
LONGER-DISTANCE SERVICE, IN CONTRAST TO TRANSIT
BUSES THAT ARE TYPICALLY USED WITHIN A SINGLE
METROPOLITAN REGION. OFTEN USED FOR TOURING,
INTERCITY, AND INTERNATIONAL BUS SERVICE,
COACHES ARE ALSO USED FOR PRIVATE CHARTER FOR
VARIOUS PURPOSES. COACHES ARE ALSO RELATED AND
FALL UNDER A SPECIFIC CATEGORY / SPECIFIC TYPE OF
RV'S.

FUNCTION

USED FOR TOURIST BUS SERVICES, INTER -
CITY AND INTERNATIONAL, COACHES ARE
ALSO USED FOR PRIVATE HIRE FOR A
VARIETY OF PURPOSES.

EXAMPLE ORGANIZATION/
COMPANY INVOLVED IN MALAYSIA

AND IN THE WORLD

IN MALAYSIA

GLOBAL KRISH TRAVEL AND TOUR SDN BHD IS A NAME
THAT SYMBOLIZES LUXURY, COMFORT AND LUXURY IN
LAND TRANSPORT AND WAS ESTABLISHED IN 2008 IN

KUALA LUMPUR, AND IT HAS EMERGED AS A
VERSATILE TRANSPORTATION PROVIDER IN THE

REGION FOR MANY YEARS.

GLOBAL KRISH TOUR & TRAVEL SDN BHD
(SELANGOR)

IN JAPAN

HATO BUS IS THE LEADING BUS TOUR COMPANY IN
TOKYO WITH MORE THAN 70 YEARS OF SUCCESSFUL
HISTORY AND EXPERIENCES IN TOUR GUIDING A
PROVIDING THE BEST SERVICES FOR FOREIGN AND
ALSO DOMESTIC CUSTOMERS.

HATO BUS CO LTD.
(TOKYO,JAPAN)

TRISHAW

A TRISHAW (ALSO KNOWN AS A CYCLE-
RICKSHAW OR PEDICAB) IS A BICYCLE WITH A
SIDECAR, POWERED ENTIRELY BY THE CYCLIST.
THE TRISHAW WAS A POPULAR MODE OF
PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION IN THE IMMEDIATE.

FUNCTION

A RICKSHAW IS USED TO TRANSPORT
PASSENGERS, TYPICALLY IN LARGE
CITIES.

EXAMPLE ORGANIZATION/
COMPANY INVOLVED IN MALAYSIA

AND IN THE WORLD

IN MALAYSIA

THIS VARIED BACKGROUND IS DISPLAYED BY THE
COLORFUL TRISHAWS, A FORM OF BICYCLE-
POWERED RICKSHAW, THAT CRUISE AROUND TOWN.
EACH DRIVER DECORATES THEIR TRISHAW WITH
BRIGHT FLOWERS, FLASHING LIGHTS, FLAGS AND
SOUVENIRS.

MALACCA
IN SINGAPURA

TRISHAW UNCLE PTE LTD IS THE ONE AND ONLY
LICENSED OPERATOR FOR TRISHAW TOURS IN
SINGAPORE APPOINTED BY THE SINGAPORE
TOURISM BOARD.

TRISHAW UNCLE

MOTORCYCLE

A MOTORCYCLE, OFTEN CALLED A MOTORBIKE, BIKE,
CYCLE, OR (IF THREE-WHEELED) TRIKE, IS A TWO-
OR THREE-WHEELED MOTOR VEHICLE. MOTORCYCLE
DESIGN VARIES GREATLY TO SUIT A RANGE OF
DIFFERENT PURPOSES LONG-DISTANCE TRAVEL,
COMMUTING, CRUISING, SPORT (INCLUDING
RACING), AND OFF-ROAD RIDING.

FUNCTION

ADAPTED TO A VARIETY OF DIFFERENT
PURPOSES SUCH AS LONG DISTANCE TRAVEL,
COMMUTING, SAILING, SPORTS (INCLUDING
RACING) AND OFF-ROAD RIDING.

EXAMPLE ORGANIZATION/
COMPANY INVOLVED IN MALAYSIA

AND IN THE WORLD

IN MALAYSIA

SYARIKAT MOTOSIKAL DAN ENJIN NASIONAL SDN. BHD

(NATIONAL MOTORCYCLE AND ENGINE COMPANY), OR

KNOWN AS MODENAS FOR SHORT IS A MALAYSIAN

NATIONAL MOTORCYCLE COMPANY PRODUCING

VARIOUS SMALL MOTORCYCLE MODELS BELOW 400CC

TARGETED FOR LOCAL MARKET AND EXPORT. THE

COMPANY'S HEADQUARTERS AND FACTORY ARE

LOCATED AT THE SMALL TOWN OF GURUN, KEDAH,

MALAYSIA.

IN INDIA

INDIAN MOTORCYCLE IS AN AMERICAN BRAND OF

MOTORCYCLES ORIGINALLY PRODUCED FROM 1901 TO

1953 IN SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS, UNITED

STATES. HENDEE MANUFACTURING COMPANY

INITIALLY PRODUCED THE MOTORCYCLES, BUT THE

NAME WAS CHANGED TO THE INDIAN MOTOCYCLE

MANUFACTURING COMPANY IN 1923

INDIAN MOTOCYCLE

BICYCLE

A BICYCLE, ALSO CALLED A PEDAL CYCLE, BIKE OR
CYCLE, IS A HUMAN-POWERED OR MOTOR-
POWERED ASSISTED, PEDAL-DRIVEN, SINGLE-
TRACK VEHICLE, HAVING TWO WHEELS ATTACHED
TO A FRAME, ONE BEHIND THE OTHER. A BICYCLE
RIDER IS CALLED A CYCLIST, OR BICYCLIST.

FUNCTION

APART FROM RECREATIONAL AND
TRANSPORTATION PURPOSES, BICYCLES HAVE
BEEN ADAPTED FOR USE IN MANY
OCCUPATIONS, INCLUDING IN THE MILITARY,
LOCAL POLICE, EXPRESS COURIER SERVICES
AND SPORTS.

EXAMPLE ORGANIZATION/
COMPANY INVOLVED IN MALAYSIA

AND IN THE WORLD

IN MALAYSIA

THE TERENGGANU POLYGON CYCLING TEAM IS A
MALAYSIAN UCI CONTINENTAL CYCLING TEAM
FOUNDED IN 2011, AND SPONSORED BY PANGLOBAL
INSURANCE, SCIENCE IN SPORT, MERPATI, CASTROL
AND AMERSTRAND ENGINEERING.

TERENGGANU POLYGON CYCLING TEAM

IN NEW ZEALAND

CYCLING NEW ZEALAND, ORIGINALLY KNOWN AS
BIKENZ, IS THE NATIONAL GOVERNING BODY FOR
CYCLING ORGANISATIONS IN NEW ZEALAND, AND
REPRESENTS THE INTERESTS OF BMX NZ, CYCLING
NEW ZEALAND ROAD & TRACK, MOUNTAIN BIKE NZ,
AND CYCLING NEW ZEALAND SCHOOLS (FORMERLY NZ
SCHOOLS CYCLING ASSOCIATION).

CYCLING NEW ZEALAND

PEDESTRIAN

A PEDESTRIAN IS A PERSON TRAVELLING ON
FOOT, WHETHER WALKING OR RUNNING. IN
MODERN TIMES, THE TERM USUALLY REFERS TO
SOMEONE WALKING ON A ROAD OR PAVEMENT.

FUNCTION

A PEDESTRIAN CROSSING IS A DESIGNATED
PLACE FOR PEDESTRIANS TO CROSS THE ROAD.
THESE CROSSING FUNCTIONS ARE DESIGNED SO
THAT THEY CAN BE SEEN BY THE DRIVER OF
THE VEHICLE AND THEY CAN CROSS SAFELY
ACROSS THE FLOW OF VEHICLE TRAFFIC.

EXAMPLE ORGANIZATION/
COMPANY INVOLVED IN MALAYSIA

AND IN THE WORLD

IN MALAYSIA

IN MALAYSIA, ROAD ACCIDENT STATISTICS SHOW
THAT PEDESTRIAN DEATHS ARE RELATIVELY HIGH.
THE MALAYSIAN GOVERNMENT AND THE MALAYSIAN
MINISTER OF TRANSPORT HAVE TAKEN CARE TO
ACHIEVE CONNECTIVITY BETWEEN TRANSPORT,
CITIES AND BUILDINGS.

IN JAPAN

SHIBUYA SCRAMBLE CROSSING, COMMONLY KNOWN
AS SHIBUYA CROSSING IS A POPULAR SCRAMBLE
CROSSING IN SHIBUYA, TOKYO, JAPAN. IT IS
LOCATED IN FRONT OF THE SHIBUYA STATION
HACHIKŌ EXIT AND STOPS VEHICLES IN ALL
DIRECTIONS TO ALLOW PEDESTRIANS TO INUNDATE
THE ENTIRE INTERSECTION.

SHIBUYA

REFERENCES

HTTPS://AE.LINKEDIN.COM/COMPANY/DUBAI-TAXI-
CORPORATION

HTTPS://WWW.FIRSTCLASSSERVICES.DE/EN/SECURE-
TRANSPORTATION-GERMANY.HTML

https://thaiest.com/thailand/bangkok/sai-tai-mai-
bus-terminal

HTTPS://WWW.LINKEDIN.COM/COMPANY/HAWK
-RENTACAR/

HTTPS://GLOBALKRISH.COM/

HTTPS://WWW.HATOBUS.COM/V01/EN/APPEAL

HTTPS://WWW.TRISHAWUNCLE.COM.SG/

3.WATER

CRUISE

CRUISE SHIPS ARE LARGE PASSENGER SHIPS USED

MAINLY FOR VACATIONING. CRUISE SHIPS

TYPICALLY EMBARK ON ROUND-TRIP VOYAGES TO

VARIOUS PORTS-OF-CALL, WHERE PASSENGERS

MAY GO ON TOURS KNOWN AS "SHORE

EXCURSIONS".

FUNCTION

PASSENGERS CAN TAKE A TOUR KNOWN AS
A “BEACH TRIP”.

CAN ACCOMMODATE A LARGE NUMBER OF
PASSENGERS.

EXAMPLE ORGANIZATION/
COMPANY INVOLVED IN MALAYSIA

AND IN THE WORLD

IN MALAYSIA

GENTING DREAM IS A CRUISE SHIP OF DREAM
CRUISES. SHE WAS INITIALLY ORDERED AS
GENTING WORLD FOR STAR CRUISES. THE SHIP IS
DESIGNED FOR THE ASIAN CRUISE MARKET

GENTING DREAM



IN HONG KONG

GENTING HONG KONG LIMITED (“GENTING HONG KONG”)
IS A LEADING GLOBAL LEISURE, ENTERTAINMENT AND
HOSPITALITY ENTERPRISE, WITH CORE COMPETENCES
IN BOTH LAND AND SEA-BASED BUSINESSES INCLUDING
GENTING CRUISE LINES COMPRISING OF STAR CRUISES,
DREAM CRUISES, AND CRYSTAL CRUISES, ALONG WITH
GERMAN SHIPYARDS MV WERFTEN AND LLOYD WERFT,
AND RESORTS WORLD MANILA (“RWM”), AN ASSOCIATE
OF GENTING HONG KONG.

GENTING HONG KONG

FERRY

A FERRY IS A VESSEL USED TO CARRY
PASSENGERS, AND SOMETIMES VEHICLES AND
CARGO, ACROSS A BODY OF WATER. A PASSENGER
FERRY WITH MANY STOPS, SUCH AS IN VENICE,
ITALY, IS SOMETIMES CALLED A WATER BUS OR
WATER TAXI

FUNCTION

ALLOWING DIRECT TRANSIT BETWEEN
POINTS AT A CAPITAL COST MUCH LOWER
THAN BRIDGES OR TUNNELS.
SHIP CONNECTIONS OF MUCH LARGER
DISTANCES (SUCH AS OVER LONG DISTANCES
IN WATER BODIES LIKE THE
MEDITERRANEAN SEA) MAY ALSO BE CALLED
FERRY SERVICES, AND MANY CARRY
VEHICLES.

EXAMPLE ORGANIZATION/
COMPANY INVOLVED IN MALAYSIA

AND IN THE WORLD

IN MALAYSIA

THE PENANG FERRY SERVICE IS THE OLDEST FERRY
SERVICE WITHIN THE STATE OF PENANG, MALAYSIA,
CONNECTING THE CITY OF GEORGE TOWN ON
PENANG ISLAND AND BUTTERWORTH ON THE
MAINLAND. THIS CROSS-STRAIT TRANSIT HAS BEEN
OPERATIONAL SINCE 1894, MAKING IT THE OLDEST
FERRY SERVICE IN MALAYSIA.

RAPID FERRY

IN ISTANBUL

ISTANBUL’S ANCIENT HISTORY AS A CITY OWES ALL
TO ITS STRATEGIC PLACE ON THE WATER: THE CRUX
BETWEEN GOLDEN HORN, THE BOSPHOROUS, THE
MARMARA SEA AND THE BLACK SEA, AND EVEN
TODAY THERE IS NOWHERE IN THE CITY WHERE THE
WATERCOURSES ARE NOT PREVALENT.

FERRIES IN ISTANBUL

BOAT

A BOAT IS A WATERCRAFT OF A LARGE RANGE OF
TYPES AND SIZES, BUT GENERALLY SMALLER
THAN A SHIP, WHICH IS DISTINGUISHED BY ITS
LARGER SIZE, SHAPE, CARGO OR PASSENGER
CAPACITY, OR ITS ABILITY TO CARRY BOATS.

FUNCTION

INTENDED FOR USE IN OFFSHORE
ENVIRONMENTS.
BOATS NOWADAYS ARE ESSENTIALLY USED
FOR FREIGHT TRANSPORT, TRAVEL,
RECREATION, LIVING, BUSINESSES,
FISHING, SPORTS, MILITARY USES, ETC.

EXAMPLE ORGANIZATION/
COMPANY INVOLVED IN MALAYSIA

AND IN THE WORLD

IN MALAYSIA

THE MALAYSIAN MARITIME ENFORCEMENT AGENCY
(APMM MALAYSIAN MARITIME ENFORCEMENT AGENCY)
OFFICIALLY KNOWN AS THE MALAYSIAN COAST GUARD
FOR INTERNATIONAL IDENTIFICATION, IS A MALAYSIAN
COAST GUARD ORGANIZATION, AND A MAJOR
GOVERNMENT AGENCY.

MALAYSIAN MARITIME ENFORCEMENT AGENCY

IN CHINA

A DRAGON BOAT IS A HUMAN-POWERED WATERCRAFT
ORIGINATING FROM THE PEARL RIVER DELTA REGION
OF CHINA'S SOUTHERN GUANGDONG PROVINCE. THESE
WERE MADE OF TEAK, BUT IN OTHER PARTS OF
CHINA, DIFFERENT KINDS OF WOOD ARE USED. IT IS
ONE OF A FAMILY OF TRADITIONAL PADDLED LONG
BOATS FOUND THROUGHOUT ASIA, AFRICA, THE
PACIFIC ISLANDS, AND PUERTO RICO.

DRAGON BOAT

BARGE

A BARGE IS A KIND OF CARGO-CARRYING VESSEL
DESIGNED TO TRANSPORT PASSENGERS OR GOODS
THROUGH RIVERS OR CANALS. NORMALLY, THESE
SHIPPING VESSELS ARE LONG, FLAT-BOTTOMED
BOATS THAT DO NOT HAVE A SELF-PROPELLING
MECHANISM. A BARGE NEEDS TO BE PULLED BY TOW
OR A TUG BOAT.

FUNCTION

DESIGNED TO TRANSPORT PASSENGERS
OR GOODS THROUGH RIVERS OR CANALS.

BARGES ARE SUITABLE FOR CARRYING HEAVY
LOADS OR LARGE CARGO. THE STANDARD BARGE
HAS A CAPACITY OF 1500 TONS, MEASURING 195
FEET LONG AND 35 FEET WIDE.

EXAMPLE ORGANIZATION/
COMPANY INVOLVED IN MALAYSIA

AND IN THE WORLD

IN MALAYSIA

MASA IS THE ONLY NATIONAL INDUSTRY
ORGANISATION REPRESENTING SHIPOWNERS IN THE
COUNTRY, THE MALAYSIA SHIPOWNERS’ ASSOCIATION

(MASA) HAS A CENTRAL ROLE TO PLAY IN THE
DEVELOPMENT OF THE SHIPPING INDUSTRY IN THE

COUNTRY.

MALAYSIAN SHIPOWNERS' ASSOCIATION (MASA)

IN PHILIPPINES

CASCOS ARE FLAT-BOTTOMED SQUARE-ENDED
BARGES FROM THE PHILIPPINES. THEY WERE USED
MOSTLY TO CARRY CARGO ALONG LAKES AND
RIVERS, AND AS LIGHTERS TO TRANSPORT GOODS
TO AND FROM MOORED SHIPS.

CASCO (BARGE)

SAILBOAT

A SAILBOAT IS A SHIP THAT USES A SAIL AND
UTILIZES WIND ENERGY OR AN ENGINE TO PROPEL THE
SHIP TO MOVE. MOREOVER, SAILBOAT DIFFERENCES
VARY BY REGION AND MARITIME CULTURE.
YACHTS USUALLY CONSIST OF 3 MASTS TO BE USED AS
INTERCONNECTED SAILS AND SAILBOAT ALSO NEED AN
EXPERIENCED HELMSMAN.

FUNCTION

SAILBOATS ARE ONE OF THE MOST COMMON
TYPES OF VESSELS USED IN RECREATIONAL
PURPOSES AND FOR COMPETITIONS. THEY CAN
VARY IN THE HULL, KEEL AND SAIL
CONFIGURATIONS BASED ON THE PRIMARY
PURPOSE THAT THEY ARE INTENDED TO BE USED
FOR.

EXAMPLE ORGANIZATION/
COMPANY INVOLVED IN MALAYSIA

AND IN THE WORLD

IN MALAYSIA

ROYAL LANGKAWI YACHT CLUB (RLYC) IS LOCATED IN
LANGKAWI'S FAMOUS TOURIST ISLAND IN MALAYSIA.
STRATEGICALLY SITUATED 25 MINUTES DRIVE FROM
LANGKAWI AIPORT AND 5 MINUTES AWAY FROM
BANKS, MAJOR DUTY FREE SHOPPING CENTER AND
FERRY TERMINAL.

ROYAL LANGKAWI YACHT CLUB (RLYC)

IN NEW ZEALAND

YACHTING NEW ZEALAND IS RECOGNISED BY THE

INTERNATIONAL SAILING FEDERATION[2] AS THE

GOVERNING BODY FOR THE SPORT OF SAILING IN NEW

ZEALAND. YACHTING NEW ZEALAND ALSO

FACILITATES TRAINING IN SAILING IN AND AROUND

THE COUNTRY.

YACHTING NEW ZEALAND

DINGHY

A DINGHY IS A TYPE OF SMALL BOAT, OFTEN
CARRIED OR TOWED BY A LARGER VESSEL FOR USE
AS A TENDER. UTILITY DINGHIES ARE USUALLY
ROWBOATS OR HAVE AN OUTBOARD MOTOR. SOME
ARE RIGGED FOR SAILING BUT THEY DIFFER FROM
SAILING DINGHIES, WHICH ARE DESIGNED FIRST
AND FOREMOST FOR SAILING.

FUNCTION

A DINGHY'S MAIN USE IS FOR TRANSFERS FROM
LARGER BOATS, ESPECIALLY WHEN THE LARGER
BOAT CANNOT DOCK AT A SUITABLY-SIZED
PORT OR MARINA.

EXAMPLE ORGANIZATION/
COMPANY INVOLVED IN MALAYSIA

AND IN THE WORLD

IN MALAYSIA

SMALL BOATS ARE OFTEN WORN ACCOMPANIED BY
LARGER SHIPS EITHER FOR RESCUE OR TENDER
PURPOSES, AGAIN WHEN THE SHIP IS UNABLE TO
ANCHOR IN A PROPER AREA SUCH AS A HARBOR OR
MARINA DUE TO DEPTH OR SIZE THAT DOES NOT
FIT.

IN AMERICA

DINGHY RACING IS A COMPETITIVE SPORT USING
DINGHIES, WHICH ARE SMALL BOATS WHICH MAY BE
ROWBOATS, HAVE AN OUTBOARD MOTOR, OR BE
SAILING DINGHIES. DINGHY RACING HAS AFFECTED
ASPECTS OF THE MODERN SAILING DINGHY,
INCLUDING HULL DESIGN, SAIL MATERIALS AND
SAILPLAN, AND TECHNIQUES SUCH AS PLANING AND
TRAPEZING.

REFERENCES

HTTP://WWW.GENTINGHK.COM/EN/HOME/PROFILE.AS
PX

https://istanbulvacationtips.com/how-to-use-istanbuls-
ferries/

https://www.cogoport.com/shipping-terms/barge-169

https://www.iacworldwide.com/clubs/royal-langkawi-
yacht-club-2/

4.AIR

AIRLINE

AN AIRLINE IS A COMPANY THAT
PROVIDES AIR TRANSPORT SERVICES FOR
TRAVELING PASSENGERS AND FREIGHT.

FUNCTION

USE AIRCRAFT TO SUPPLY SERVICES AND MAY
FORM PARTNERSHIPS OR ALLIANCES WITH
OTHER AIRLINES FOR CODE -SHARING
AGREEMENTS.

EXAMPLE ORGANIZATION/
COMPANY INVOLVED IN MALAYSIA

AND IN THE WORLD

IN MALAYSIA

MALAYSIA AIRLINES BERHAD, FORMERLY KNOWN
AS MALAYSIAN AIRLINE SYSTEM, AND BRANDED
AS MALAYSIA AIRLINES, IS THE FLAG CARRIER
AIRLINE OF MALAYSIA AND A MEMBER OF THE
ONEWORLD AIRLINE ALLIANCE.

MALAYSIA AIRLINES BERHAD
PENERBANGAN MALAYSIA BERHAD

IN JAPAN

JAPAN AIRLINES (JAL) WAS FOUNDED IN 1951 AND
BECAME JAPAN'S FIRST INTERNATIONAL AIRLINE. A
MEMBER OF THE ONEWORLD® ALLIANCE, JAL CONNECTS
MORE THAN 349 AIRPORTS IN 54 COUNTRIES AND
REGIONS TOGETHER WITH ITS CODESHARE PARTNERS,
WITH A MODERN FLEET OF MORE THAN 230 AIRCRAFT.

JAPAN AIRLINES
(NIHON KŌKŪ KABUSHIKI-GAISHA)

HELICOPTER

A HELICOPTER IS A TYPE OF ROTORCRAFT IN
WHICH LIFT AND THRUST ARE SUPPLIED BY
HORIZONTALLY SPINNING ROTORS. THIS ALLOWS
THE HELICOPTER TO TAKE OFF AND LAND
VERTICALLY, TO HOVER, AND TO FLY FORWARD,
BACKWARD AND LATERALLY.

FUNCTION

ALLOWS HELICOPTERS TO BE USED IN
CONGESTED OR REMOTE AREAS WHERE FIXED -
WING AIRCRAFT AND MANY FORMS OF STOL
(SHORT TAKEOFF AND LANDING) OR STOVL
(SHORT TAKEOFF AND VERTICAL LANDING)
AIRCRAFT CANNOT OPERATE WITHOUT A
RUNWAY.

EXAMPLE ORGANIZATION/
COMPANY INVOLVED IN MALAYSIA

AND IN THE WORLD

IN MALAYSIA

AIRBUS IS A LEADER IN MALAYSIA’S ROTORCRAFT
SEGMENT WITH APPROXIMATELY 85 HELICOPTERS IN
SERVICE IN THE COUNTRY. THIS INCLUDES THE ROYAL
MALAYSIAN AIR FORCE’S (RMAF) FLEET OF MULTI-ROLE
H225M HELICOPTERS, THE ROYAL MALAYSIAN NAVY’S
AS555SN FENNEC ROTORCRAFT, AND THE ROYAL
MALAYSIAN POLICE’S AS355 FLEET.

AIRBUS HELICOPTERS MALAYSIA SDN BHD

IN RUSSIA

JSC RUSSIAN HELICOPTERS IS A HELICOPTER DESIGN

AND MANUFACTURING COMPANY HEADQUARTERED IN

MOSCOW, RUSSIA. THE COMPANY DESIGNS AND

MANUFACTURES CIVILIAN AND MILITARY

HELICOPTERS. THE COMPANY'S PRINCIPAL

SHAREHOLDER IS ROSTEC.

JSC RUSSIAN HELICOPTERS